CN111911159B - Deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method - Google Patents
Deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911159B CN111911159B CN202010922608.5A CN202010922608A CN111911159B CN 111911159 B CN111911159 B CN 111911159B CN 202010922608 A CN202010922608 A CN 202010922608A CN 111911159 B CN111911159 B CN 111911159B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
- F24T10/13—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method, which comprises the steps of entering a deep coal seam mining area from an auxiliary well, arranging a concentrated heat exchange station at a first horizontal position, and arranging a concentrated heat exchange pipeline from the ground to the underground along the auxiliary well; coal mining is carried out on each working face, and heat conduction materials are backfilled on the goaf; and constructing longitudinal horizontal drilling holes and transverse horizontal drilling holes on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf respectively, laying a heat taking pipeline, and connecting the heat taking pipeline close to the concentrated heat exchange pipeline into the concentrated heat exchange pipeline through a hose. The goaf is backfilled by using a material with good heat conductivity after the working face is mined, drilling holes and heat extraction pipelines are arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face according to the length of the working face, and heat extraction is carried out by vertically drilling holes in the goaf filling body and the bottom plate rock stratum and inserting heat extraction rods, so that the heat extraction area and the heat extraction efficiency are greatly increased, and long-term heat extraction after mining is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep coal seam mining, and particularly relates to a mining method for filling geothermal energy in a mined-out goaf of a deep coal seam.
Background
Along with the increasing strengthening of mechanization degree, the coal mining depth of China is also increasing continuously, and along with the problems of mechanical heat dissipation, high-temperature geothermal heat and other heat hazards, along with the increase of mining depth, the temperature of a rock stratum is increased, and the heat hazard of a mine is more serious. The heat damage of the mine can reduce the working efficiency of operators and seriously restrict the economic efficiency of the mine.
Geothermal resources are cleaner energy sources compared with coal resources, mine geothermal can be used for power generation, house heating in winter and the like, and the geothermal resources are wide in distribution range, renewable and sustainable, and meet the requirement of continuous healthy development. In the existing deep coal seam geothermal exploitation, a large number of drill holes are usually constructed before exploitation so as to arrange heat extraction pipelines. The main problems existing at present are: (1) a large number of drill holes are required to be arranged independently, and heat extraction pipelines are laid, so that the construction period of the drill holes is long, the utilization rate is low, the heat extraction cost is high, and the like; (2) after the coal seam is mined, the top plate naturally collapses to form a goaf, and if no equipment is arranged in advance, the geothermal energy of the goaf is difficult to utilize in the later stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method, which can reduce the cold quantity dissipation and loss of a working face refrigeration device and refrigeration cost by injecting water and taking heat, has small influence on the mining progress of the working face, and can ensure safe mining and long-term utilization of the geothermal energy of the goaf.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a mining method for filling geothermal energy in a deep coal seam mining goaf comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an auxiliary well enters a deep coal seam mining area, a concentrated heat exchange station is arranged at a first horizontal position of the deep coal seam mining area, concentrated heat exchange pipelines are arranged from the ground to the underground along the auxiliary well, and the concentrated heat exchange pipelines are connected to working faces of different horizontal heat taking places;
secondly, mining coal on each working face, and backfilling the goaf with heat conducting materials;
constructing a plurality of longitudinal horizontal drill holes on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf along the tunneling direction, wherein one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline, of all the longitudinal horizontal drill holes on the top plate or the bottom plate are communicated through the transverse horizontal drill holes, heat taking pipelines are laid along the longitudinal horizontal drill holes and the transverse horizontal drill holes, one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline, of the heat taking pipelines are communicated with each other, the other ends of the heat taking pipelines are connected into the concentrated heat exchange pipeline through hoses, one heat taking pipeline serves as a water outlet pipe, and the rest heat taking pipelines serve as water inlet pipes;
fourthly, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes downwards from a bottom plate of the goaf, then pushing along with a working surface, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes in a heat conducting material backfill area from a top plate of the goaf, arranging the vertical drill holes in a row along each water inlet pipe, inserting a heat taking rod into each vertical drill hole, and inserting the upper end of each heat taking rod into the corresponding water inlet pipe;
fifthly, a water temperature detection device is arranged at a water outlet pipe of the heat taking pipeline of the top bottom plate of the working face and used for monitoring water temperature, and the water taking temperature is controlled to keep relatively stable by controlling the cold water inlet speed at the centralized heat exchange station;
and sixthly, injecting water into the heat taking pipelines of the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline and the concentrated heat exchange station, conveying cold water to the concentrated heat exchange station from the ground, conveying the cold water to the concentrated heat exchange pipelines of each level through the concentrated heat exchange station, introducing the heat of the goaf into the cold water through the heat taking rod after the cold water is injected into the heat taking pipelines of the top plate and the bottom plate from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline, heating the cold water after the cold water absorbs the heat, and conveying the hot water to the ground through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline and the concentrated heat exchange station for further utilization.
Preferably, for the working surfaces of different horizontal heat-taking places, if the distance from the concentrated heat exchange station to the rest of the horizontal heat-taking places is longer, vertical and horizontal drill holes are drilled in each mining area by the concentrated heat exchange station, so that the arrangement length of the concentrated heat exchange pipeline is reduced.
More preferably, the hot water taken by the centralized heat exchange pipeline is sent to a ground power plant to reduce the coal burning amount required by power generation or sent to indoor heating.
Preferably, 3-5 parallel longitudinal horizontal drilling holes are constructed in the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf, a plurality of heat extraction rods are arranged at equal intervals along each longitudinal horizontal drilling hole, one heat extraction rod is arranged at the position where the longitudinal horizontal drilling hole and the transverse horizontal drilling hole intersect, and the interval between the heat extraction rods is not larger than the influence diameter of the heat extraction rods.
More preferably, the number of the vertical drilling holes on the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf is determined by the length S of the working surface, the stoping length L and the influence radius R of the heat extraction rod:
1) determining the stoping length L and the working face length S according to mine design data;
2) the method comprises the steps of simulating and analyzing the change condition of a temperature field of a formation around a heat-taking rod by establishing a physical model of the formation around the heat-taking rod, and determining the influence radius R of the heat-taking rod;
3) calculating the number K of the drilled holes by the following formula;
let K equal to KS×KL，KS＝[S/2R]，KL＝[L/2R]。
Further preferably, the hot water outlet pipe part of the concentrated heat exchange pipeline is subjected to heat insulation treatment, so that high temperature of a heat damage area is prevented from being diffused to other working places.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) before a roadway is tunneled, an existing auxiliary well for coal seam mining is directly utilized to arrange a concentrated heat exchange station and a concentrated heat exchange pipeline, the laying direction of the concentrated heat exchange pipeline is just opposite to the advancing direction of a working face, and additional independent drilling and pipe laying are not needed, so that the number of drilled holes is reduced, the workload is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated; (2) the goaf is backfilled by using a material with good heat conductivity after the working face is mined, drilling holes and heat extraction pipelines are arranged on a top plate and a bottom plate of the working face according to the length of the working face, and heat extraction is carried out by vertically drilling holes in a goaf filling body and a bottom plate rock stratum and inserting heat extraction rods, so that the heat extraction area and the heat extraction efficiency are greatly increased, the temperatures of surrounding rocks and the working face are reduced, and the loss of cold energy of refrigerating equipment of the working face is reduced; (3) the heat conducting material is backfilled in the goaf after the working face is mined, so that the geothermal heat can be better transferred into the filling body, and the goaf can be heated for a long time after the mining task is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention including a horizontal position.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention having three horizontal positions.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a roof and roof drill piping arrangement.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-3, a deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method includes the following steps:
firstly, the auxiliary well 1 enters a deep coal seam mining area, and a concentrated heat exchange station 2 is arranged at a first horizontal position of the deep coal seam mining area. Deep coal seam mining areas typically involve multiple levels of coal seam mining, with the highest located coal seam mining area referred to as the "first level". Fig. 2 shows three horizontal positions.
And concentrated heat exchange pipelines 3 are arranged from the ground to the underground along the auxiliary well 1 and are connected to working surfaces of different horizontal heat taking places through the concentrated heat exchange pipelines 3.
And secondly, coal mining is carried out on each working face, and the goaf is backfilled with a heat conduction material 4, so that the roof is prevented from excessively deforming to damage the pipeline.
Thirdly, constructing a plurality of longitudinal horizontal drill holes 5 on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf along the tunneling direction, wherein one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3, of all the longitudinal horizontal drill holes 5 on the top plate or the bottom plate are communicated through a transverse horizontal drill hole 9, heat taking pipelines 6 are laid along the longitudinal horizontal drill holes 5 and the transverse horizontal drill holes 9, one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3, of the heat taking pipelines 6 are communicated with each other, the other ends of the heat taking pipelines are connected into the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3 through a hose 10, one heat taking pipeline 6 serves as a water outlet pipe, and the rest heat taking pipelines 6 serve as water inlet pipes; the hose 10 is connected to prevent the formation movement from excessively deforming the pipeline and damaging the pipeline.
Fourthly, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes 7 downwards from a bottom plate of the goaf, then pushing along with the working face, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes 7 in the heat conducting material backfill area from a top plate of the goaf, arranging the vertical drill holes 7 in a row along each water inlet pipe, inserting a heat taking rod 8 into each vertical drill hole 7, and inserting the upper ends of the heat taking rods 8 into the corresponding water inlet pipes.
And fifthly, installing a water temperature detection device at a water outlet pipe of the heat taking pipeline of the top bottom plate of the working face for monitoring the water temperature, and controlling the water taking temperature to keep relatively stable by controlling the cold water inlet speed at the centralized heat exchange station.
Sixthly, injecting water into the heat taking pipelines 6 of the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3 and the concentrated heat exchange station 2, conveying cold water to the concentrated heat exchange station 2 from the ground, conveying the cold water to the concentrated heat exchange pipelines 3 of all levels from the concentrated heat exchange station 2, introducing heat of the goaf into the cold water through the heat taking rod 8 after the cold water is injected into the heat taking pipelines of the top plate and the bottom plate from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3, enabling the cold water to become hot after absorbing the heat, and conveying the hot water to the ground through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3 and the concentrated heat exchange station 2 for further utilization.
For different working surfaces of each horizontal heat-taking place, if the distance from the concentrated heat-exchanging station 2 to other horizontal heat-taking places is longer, vertical and horizontal drill holes are drilled on each mining area by the concentrated heat-exchanging station 2, so that the arrangement length of the concentrated heat-exchanging pipeline 3 is reduced.
The hot water taken by the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3 is sent to a ground power plant to reduce the coal burning amount required by power generation or sent to indoor heating.
3-5 mutually parallel longitudinal horizontal drill holes 5 are constructed on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf, a plurality of heat taking rods 8 are arranged at equal intervals along each longitudinal horizontal drill hole 5, one heat taking rod 8 is arranged at the intersection position of the longitudinal horizontal drill hole 5 and the transverse horizontal drill hole 9, and the interval between the heat taking rods 8 is not larger than the influence diameter of the heat taking rods 8.
The number of the vertical drill holes 7 on the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf is determined by the length S of the working surface, the stoping length L and the influence radius R of the heat extraction rod:
1) determining the stoping length L and the working face length S according to mine design data;
2) the method comprises the steps of simulating and analyzing the change condition of a temperature field of a formation around a heat-taking rod by establishing a physical model of the formation around the heat-taking rod, and determining the influence radius R of the heat-taking rod;
3) calculating the number K of the drilled holes by the following formula;
let K equal to KS×KL，KS＝[S/2R]，KL＝[L/2R]。
And the hot water outlet pipe part of the concentrated heat exchange pipeline 3 is subjected to heat insulation treatment, so that high temperature in a heat damage area is prevented from being diffused to other workplaces.
Claims (6)
1. The deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps
The method comprises the steps that firstly, an auxiliary well (1) enters a deep coal seam mining area, a concentrated heat exchange station (2) is arranged at a first horizontal position of the deep coal seam mining area, concentrated heat exchange pipelines (3) are arranged from the ground to the underground along the auxiliary well (1), and the concentrated heat exchange pipelines (3) are connected to working faces of different horizontal heat taking places;
secondly, mining coal on each working face, and backfilling the goaf with heat conduction materials (4);
thirdly, constructing a plurality of longitudinal horizontal drill holes (5) on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf along the tunneling direction, wherein one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3), of all the longitudinal horizontal drill holes (5) on the top plate or the bottom plate are communicated through transverse horizontal drill holes (9), heat taking pipelines (6) are laid along the longitudinal horizontal drill holes (5) and the transverse horizontal drill holes (9), one ends, far away from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3), of the heat taking pipelines (6) are communicated with each other, the other ends of the heat taking pipelines are connected into the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3) through hoses (10), one heat taking pipeline (6) serves as a water outlet pipe, and the rest heat taking pipelines (6) serve as water inlet pipes;
fourthly, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes (7) downwards from a bottom plate of the goaf, then pushing along with the working face, drilling a plurality of vertical drill holes (7) in the heat conducting material backfill area from a top plate of the goaf, arranging the vertical drill holes (7) in a row along each water inlet pipe, inserting a heat taking rod (8) into each vertical drill hole (7), and connecting the upper end of each heat taking rod (8) into the corresponding water inlet pipe;
fifthly, a water temperature detection device is arranged at a water outlet pipe of the heat taking pipeline of the top bottom plate of the working face and used for monitoring water temperature, and the water taking temperature is controlled to keep relatively stable by controlling the cold water inlet speed at the centralized heat exchange station;
sixthly, injecting water into the heat taking pipelines (6) of the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3) and the concentrated heat exchange station (2), conveying cold water to the concentrated heat exchange station (2) from the ground, conveying the cold water to the concentrated heat exchange pipelines (3) of each level through the concentrated heat exchange station (2), introducing the heat of the goaf into cold water through the heat taking rod (8) after the cold water is injected into the heat taking pipelines of the top plate and the bottom plate from the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3), enabling the cold water to become hot after absorbing the heat, and conveying the hot water to the ground for further utilization through the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3) and the concentrated heat exchange station (2).
2. The deep coal seam mining goaf-filling geothermal mining method of claim 1, characterized in that: for the working surfaces of different horizontal heat-taking places, if the distance from the concentrated heat-exchange station (2) to other horizontal heat-taking places is longer, vertical and horizontal drill holes are drilled on each mining area by the concentrated heat-exchange station (2), so that the arrangement length of the concentrated heat-exchange pipeline (3) is reduced.
3. The deep coal seam mining goaf-filling geothermal mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hot water obtained by the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3) is sent to a ground power plant to reduce the coal burning amount required by power generation or sent to indoor heating.
4. The deep coal seam mining goaf-filling geothermal mining method of claim 1, characterized in that: 3-5 mutually parallel longitudinal horizontal drill holes (5) are constructed on a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf, a plurality of heat taking rods (8) are arranged at equal intervals along each longitudinal horizontal drill hole (5), one heat taking rod (8) is arranged at the intersection position of the longitudinal horizontal drill hole (5) and the transverse horizontal drill hole (9), and the interval between the heat taking rods (8) is not more than the influence diameter of the heat taking rods (8).
5. The deep coal seam mining goaf-filling geothermal mining method of claim 4, wherein: the number of the vertical drill holes (7) on the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf is determined by the length S of the working surface, the stoping length L and the influence radius R of the heat extraction rod:
1) determining the stoping length L and the working face length S according to mine design data;
2) the method comprises the steps of simulating and analyzing the change condition of a temperature field of a formation around a heat-taking rod by establishing a physical model of the formation around the heat-taking rod, and determining the influence radius R of the heat-taking rod;
3) calculating the number K of the drilled holes by the following formula;
let K equal to KS×KL，KS＝[S/2R]，KL＝[L/2R]。
6. The deep coal seam mining goaf-filling geothermal mining method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) performing heat insulation treatment on the hot water outlet pipe part of the concentrated heat exchange pipeline (3) to prevent high temperature of a heat damage area from diffusing to other workplaces.
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