CN103225497B - Exploitation method for microwave in-situ vaporization of formation water and displacement of thick oil - Google Patents
Exploitation method for microwave in-situ vaporization of formation water and displacement of thick oil Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010794 Cyclic Steam Stimulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave in-situ vaporizing formation water and displacing thickened oil exploitation method, which comprises the steps of selecting one old well as a displacement well in a steam huff and puff old well region of a thickened oil reservoir, using a plurality of old wells adjacent to the displacement well as production wells to form an injection and production well group, fracturing and crack-forming a target oil layer in the displacement well, injecting silicon carbide particles into cracks, deploying microwave generating equipment in a wellhead and the wells of the displacement well, continuously performing microwave radiation heating on the silicon carbide particles through microwaves with certain power, further heating the oil layer, vaporizing underground water generated in the huff and puff process in situ, and allowing crude oil with temperature rise and viscosity reduction among the displacement wells to enter the bottom of the production wells to be exploited. According to the exploitation method, silicon carbide particles in the cracks are used for heating the oil layer, vaporizing underground water and displacing residual oil after steam huff and puff, the problem of loss of steam dryness along the process of injecting steam at a well mouth is solved, heat loss is reduced, the steam dryness at the well bottom and the water vapor wave volume of unit mass are improved, and the development effect of the heavy oil reservoir after steam huff and puff is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to the exploitation method of heavy crude reservoir in field of petroleum exploitation, particularly relate to a kind of microwave in-situ vaporization formation water and the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude.
Background technology
Heavy crude reservoir refers to that degassed crude viscosity is greater than the oil reservoir of 100 centipoises under formation temperature, and in China Liaohe Oil Field, Xinjiang TulufanHami oil field, Karamay oilfield etc. have large area to distribute; Because cyclic steam injection tech is simple to operate, cost is low, gain quick return in investment, therefore, the heavy crude reservoir of China more than 80% all adopts steam soak to develop at the initial stage of exploitation.But, cyclic steam injection tech is a kind of exploitation method of energy decline in essence, along with handling up, round increases, reservoir pressure declines fast, after reservoir pressure is lower than 2MPa, the effective production time that continues to handle up is short, and cycle gas oil ratio sharply declines with economic benefit of handling up, and recovery ratio of usually handling up only has between 20 ~ 30%.Meanwhile, in the process of handling up, inject the water vapor condensation water of oil reservoir, handling up in exploitation process and can not be plucked out of completely, but retain in underground and define secondary water body.According to incompletely statistics, the underground water of heavy crude reservoir is handled up about 30% ~ 50%.Huge secondary water body causes the development effectiveness that steam soak turns steam flooding and has a strong impact on; The steam injected in steam-drive process runs into underground water can rapid condensation lose most steam quality, therefore, the steam overwhelming majority injected becomes hot water, volume due to unit mass hot water is far smaller than the volume of unit mass steam, so, be subject to underground water impact, steam flooding swept volume reduces greatly, and it is poor even without economic benefit that vapour drives effect.Simultaneously, another major influence factors of steam drive development effect is the steam quality entering oil reservoir, when reservoir buried depth is more than 1500 meters, under existing heat-insulating technique condition, the mass dryness fraction less than 40% is also only left in the steam arrival shaft bottom of ground 100% mass dryness fraction, and too large along the loss of journey steam quality, low mass dryness fraction steam specific volume is lower, swept volume is less equally, and economic benefit is poor equally.
The key improving steam drive development effect is to improve underground steam quality, and the major influence factors of underground steam quality is underground water and reservoir buried depth.Therefore, research and employing can overcome the technical bottlenecks such as underground water and reservoir buried depth, and improve the exploitation method of steam drive development effect simultaneously, will be the main development direction that the heavy crude reservoir mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that especially buried depth is darker improves recovery ratio further after steam soak.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice of being engaged in relevant industries for many years, proposes a kind of microwave in-situ vaporization formation water and the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, to overcome the defect of prior art.
Summary of the invention
A kind of microwave in-situ is the object of the present invention is to provide to vaporize formation water the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, effectively to improve the development effectiveness of heavy crude reservoir after steam soak.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microwave in-situ vaporization formation water and the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, utilize silicon-carbide particle proppant efficient heat transfer viscosity reduction in hydraulically created fracture, be rapidly heated oil reservoir, vaporization underground water remaining oil after displacement steam soak, to solve Wellhead steam injection along journey steam quality loss problem, reduce heat energy loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality and unit mass steam swept volume.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of microwave in-situ vaporization formation water the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, and described exploitation method comprises the following steps:
(1) flooding pattern is set in the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir; Described flooding pattern comprises at least one injection-production well group; Described injection-production well group comprises the multiple producing wells around a displacement well and this displacement well; Described displacement well is made up of the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality in the old well area of steam soak is intact, and described producing well is made up of the old well of steam soak adjacent with this displacement well;
(2) utilize hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break to target oil reservoir in described displacement well and make seam;
(3) to implantation silicon carbide particle in crack as high-temperature heat-transfer medium;
(4) microwave generator is disposed at displacement well well head, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe of described microwave generator under in displacement well annular space, this microwave ingress pipe extends to pressure break target oil reservoir position, and the microwave ingress pipe of described pressure break target oil reservoir position evenly arranges Microwave emission hole;
(5) pressure sensor and thermocouple temperature sensor is entered under in described displacement well and producing well annular space, described pressure sensor and thermocouple temperature sensor are arranged on target oil reservoir medium position, to monitor displacement well and producing well near wellbore zone pressure and variations in temperature;
(6) open microwave generator, the silicon-carbide particle in fire crack radiation scope, makes oil reservoir heat up and formation water of vaporizing;
(7) when monitoring described displacement well downhole temperature and rise to more than steam saturation temperature corresponding under target oil reservoir average pressure 30 ~ 50 DEG C and strata pressure raising 2 ~ 3MPa, underground water is vaporized in a large number, and producing well drives a well, and recovers the oil continuously;
(8) timely monitor producing well Produced Liquid water content, less than 10 ~ 15% are reached when moisture, and lifting rate is when being less than 1 ~ 2 ton/day, injects normal-temperature water continuously to described displacement well oil pipe and supplement medium as displacement, after making it enter oil reservoir, continue vaporization and displace crude oil;
(9) when producing well Produced Liquid water content reached more than 95% more than 20 ~ 30 days, and when downhole temperature is warmed up to more than 150 ~ 280 DEG C, produce and terminate, close microwave generator, producing well and displacement well.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (2), if the old well of steam soak is straight well, then adopts straight well hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break and make seam; If the old well of steam soak is horizontal well, then adopts the continuous fracturing technique of horizontal well to carry out pressure break and make seam.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (2), the crack seam that described fracturing produces grow up in displacement well and producing well spacing more than 1/2, and be less than the distance between displacement well and producing well.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the crack seam length that described fracturing produces is 40 ~ 70m.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (3), the granularity of silicon-carbide particle is 8 ~ 20 orders, and the injecting program of silicon-carbide particle is: 1. first in crack, inject prepad fluid; 2. utilize pressure break load fluid to carry silicon-carbide particle and inject crack, as fracture support agent; 3. inject displacement fluid and silicon-carbide particle and load fluid are clamp-oned depths, crack; 4. recycle pressure break load fluid and carry silicon-carbide particle injects near wellbore zone crack as fracture support agent, make silicon-carbide particle near wellbore zone to continuous distributed in the fracturing fracture of oil reservoir depths.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (4), the quantity in described Microwave emission hole is determined according to the thickness of target oil reservoir, and target oil reservoir every meter of thickness arranges 2 ~ 3 Microwave emission holes.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (6), utilize thermocouple temperature sensor continuous temperature measurement in described displacement well, more than steam-laden temperature under temperature is higher than target oil reservoir average pressure when 50 ~ 80 DEG C, lower the power of microwave generator, until temperature to be down under target oil reservoir average pressure more than steam-laden temperature 30 ~ 50 DEG C and to be continued to remain on this temperature range.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (7), described producing well adopts the mode of blowing or artificial lift to recover the oil continuously.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in described step (8), waterflood injection rate is 30 ~ 50 tons/day.
From the above mentioned, microwave in-situ of the present invention vaporization formation water the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, select the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality is intact as displacement well at the middle part of the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir, the steam soak old well adjacent with this displacement well forms injection-production well group as producing well, in displacement well, pressure break is carried out to target oil reservoir and make seam, in crack, implantation silicon carbide (diamond dust) particle is as fracture support agent, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe of terrestrial microwave generator under in the annular space of displacement well to pressure break target oil reservoir position, continue to carry out carry out microwave radiation heating to the silicon-carbide particle of high thermal conductivity coefficient by the microwave of certain power, it is made to be rapidly heated more than 200 ~ 500 DEG C by conduction of heat heating oil reservoir after silicon-carbide particle heats up, the underground water original position vaporization produced in process of handling up before making it, steam after vaporization has higher specific volume, and make oil reservoir rapid pressure, higher pressure reduction is formed between injection-production well, the crude oil of viscosity reduction of heating up between displacement well enters at the bottom of producing well and is plucked out of.After underground water is evaporated, also can injects normal-temperature water from ground in the oil pipe of displacement well and supplement medium as displacement, after making it enter oil reservoir, continue vaporization and displace crude oil.Exploitation method of the present invention, utilize silicon-carbide particle proppant efficient heat transfer viscosity reduction in hydraulically created fracture, be rapidly heated oil reservoir, vaporization underground water remaining oil after displacement steam soak, solve the problem that Wellhead steam injection loses along journey steam quality thus, reduce heat energy loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality and unit mass steam swept volume, effectively can improve the development effectiveness of heavy crude reservoir after steam soak.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) Heavy Oil Reservoir is microwave weak absorbing medium, and domestic and international result of study shows, in conventional microwave heating process, can only heat the oil reservoir within the scope of 5 meters, near wellbore zone, cannot heat farther wider oil reservoir; And the present invention adopts fracturing man to stitch, and the silicon-carbide particle injecting high heat conduction in crack is as fracture support agent, effectively can improve the microwave absorbability of oil reservoir, in microwave heating process, the crack extending to oil reservoir depths near displacement well shaft is due to the heat transfer of silicon-carbide particle and intensification, form a rule high-temperature heat-conductive passage and extend to oil reservoir depths, thus realize the deep on a large scale that plane is greater than 40 meters of radiuses and longitudinally covers whole core intersection and heat and underground water of vaporizing, achieve deep displacement.
(2) because specific volume increases the stratum boosting produced after displacement energy comes from underground water vaporization, underground water is more, the displacement energy that vaporization produces more greatly and more lasting, therefore, fully the unfavorable of stratum water can be changed into advantage, realize the continued vaporization displacement of reservoir oil and do not need to continue to inject.
(3) silicon-carbide particle has high temperature resistant, stable chemical performance, hardness large (Mohs' hardness is 9.5 grades, be only second to diamond), heat conductivility is good, can the advantage such as anti-oxidant when shock resistance, high temperature, using silicon-carbide particle as making seam proppant, high-temperature carborundum crack passage of heat can be formed for a long time, the large-scale oil reservoir of heating continued viscosity reduction crude oil, improve the mobile performance of crude oil, realize long stable high yield.
(4) after water vaporization in underground exhausts, normal temperature hot water is injected continuously to displacement well, vaporize in high-temperature stratum original position, can avoid heavy crude reservoir especially mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir from well head to losing along journey steam quality in shaft bottom steam injection process, greatly reduce heat energy loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality and unit mass steam swept volume, effectively can improve heat utilization efficiency and steam Flooding Efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings is only intended to schematically illustrate the present invention and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be the microwave in-situ vaporization formation water displacement viscous crude principle and tubular column structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Drawing reference numeral:
Displacement well 1 producing well 2 pressure sensor 31
Displacement well oil pipe 11 crack 4 temperature pick up 32
Producing well oil pipe 21 microwave ingress pipe 51 Microwave emission hole 52
Microwave generator 5 vapor chamber displacing front 6 oil reservoir 9
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
Explain exploitation method of the present invention for a certain heavy crude reservoir, but it should be noted that the present invention is never limited to this heavy crude reservoir.The oil reservoir degree of depth is 1600m, viscosity of crude under reservoir temperature is 100000 centipoises, the finish time mean reservoir pressure handled up is 1.5MPa, the effectively average 16m of oil reservoir 9 thickness, adjacent steam soak inter-well distance 70m, the injection water water recovery rate that finish time calculates of handling up is 54%, and namely underground injection water retaining in reservoir is 46%.
A, deployment flooding pattern:
As shown in Figure 1, flooding pattern is set in the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir; Described flooding pattern comprises at least one injection-production well group; Be an injection-production well group shown in Fig. 1, this injection-production well group comprises the multiple producing wells 2 around a displacement well 1 and this displacement well 1; In the present embodiment, be what in the old well area of steam soak, to select the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality is intact as described displacement well 1, described producing well 2 is made up of (being provided with two producing wells 2 in the present embodiment) the old well of steam soak adjacent with this displacement well 1;
Microwave generator 5 is disposed at displacement well 1 well head, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe 51 of described microwave generator 5 under in displacement well 1 annular space, this microwave ingress pipe extends to target oil reservoir position, and the microwave ingress pipe 51 of described target oil reservoir position evenly arranges Microwave emission hole 52; Described microwave catheter 51 is 2 every meter in the density in the Microwave emission hole 52 of the vertical continuous distributed of target oil reservoir, amounts to 32; Described target oil reservoir refer to when this oilfield exploitation region contain one or several independently oil reservoir time, the several independent oil reservoir of the some independent oil reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention is developed or general exploitation.
Pressure sensor 31 and thermocouple temperature sensor 32 is entered under in the annular space of described displacement well 1 and producing well 2, described pressure sensor 31 and thermocouple temperature sensor 32 are arranged on target oil reservoir medium position, to monitor displacement well 1 and producing well 2 near wellbore zone pressure and variations in temperature; Each pressure sensor 31 described is connected to ground Central Control Room by a cable, and each thermocouple temperature sensor 32 described is also connected to ground Central Control Room by a cable.
B, artificial fracturing make seam:
Carry out artificial fracturing in displacement well 1 corresponding target oil reservoir position and make seam, utilize fracturing technique well known in the art to carry out: if the old well of steam soak is straight well, adopt straight well hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break and make seam; If the old well of steam soak is horizontal well, then adopts the continuous fracturing technique of horizontal well to carry out pressure break and make seam; The seam length in the crack 4 that described fracturing produces should be greater than the over half of the spacing of displacement well 1 and producing well 2, but can not exceed the distance between displacement well 1 and producing well 2; In the present embodiment, the crack seam that fracturing produces is long is 40m, reaches more than 1/2 of injection-production well spacing.
In crack, inject the silicon-carbide particle of certain particle size as high-temperature heat-transfer medium, the granularity of silicon-carbide particle is 8 ~ 20 orders, and the injecting program of silicon-carbide particle is: 1. first in crack, inject prepad fluid; 2. utilize pressure break load fluid to carry silicon-carbide particle and inject crack, as fracture support agent; 3. inject displacement fluid and silicon-carbide particle and load fluid are clamp-oned depths, crack; 4. recycle pressure break load fluid and carry silicon-carbide particle injects near wellbore zone crack as fracture support agent, make silicon-carbide particle near wellbore zone to continuous distributed in the fracturing fracture of oil reservoir depths.
C, the microwave in-situ vaporization displacement of reservoir oil:
Open microwave generator 5, utilize thermocouple temperature sensor 32 continuous temperature measurement in described displacement well 1, more than steam-laden temperature under temperature is higher than target oil reservoir average pressure when 50 DEG C, lower the power of microwave generator 5, until temperature to be down under target oil reservoir average pressure more than steam-laden temperature 30 DEG C, and continue to remain on this temperature range.
Rise to more than steam saturation temperature corresponding under target oil reservoir average pressure 30 DEG C when monitoring described displacement well 1 downhole temperature, and when strata pressure raises 2MPa, underground water is vaporized in a large number, and producing well 2 drives a well, and is recovered the oil continuously by oil pipe 21.Under between displacement well 1 and producing well 2, strata pressure difference acts on, the underground water be vaporized near displacement well 1 flows to producing well 2, and vapor chamber displacing front 6 is formed in target oil reservoir, high temperature due to vapor chamber displacing front 6 pairs of crude oil drives to be swept and heating, viscosity reducing effect, makes the crude oil in oil reservoir have higher mobility and is plucked out of to producing well 2 shaft bottom by displacement.
Described producing well 2 adopts the mode of blowing or artificial lift to recover the oil continuously, and when producing well 2 has blowing ability, the preferential blowing mode that adopts is produced.
Timely monitor producing well 2 Produced Liquid water content, less than 10% is reached when moisture, and lifting rate is when being less than 1 ton/day, inject normal-temperature water by the oil pipe 11 in displacement well 1 continuously to described displacement well 1 and supplement medium as displacement, vaporization is continued and displace crude oil after making it enter oil reservoir, preferably, waterflood injection rate is 30 tons/day; When producing well 2 Produced Liquid water content reached more than 95% more than 20 days, and when downhole temperature is warmed up to more than 150 DEG C, produce and terminate, close microwave generator 5, producing well 2 and displacement well 1.
From the above mentioned, microwave in-situ of the present invention vaporization formation water the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, select the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality is intact as displacement well at the middle part of the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir, the steam soak old well adjacent with this displacement well forms injection-production well group as producing well, in displacement well, pressure break is carried out to target oil reservoir and make seam, in crack, implantation silicon carbide (diamond dust) particle is as fracture support agent, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe of terrestrial microwave generator under in the annular space of displacement well to pressure break target oil reservoir position, continue to carry out carry out microwave radiation heating to the silicon-carbide particle of high thermal conductivity coefficient by the microwave of certain power, it is made to be rapidly heated more than 200 ~ 500 DEG C by conduction of heat heating oil reservoir after silicon-carbide particle heats up, the underground water original position vaporization produced in process of handling up before making it, steam after vaporization has higher specific volume, and make oil reservoir rapid pressure, higher pressure reduction is formed between injection-production well, the crude oil of viscosity reduction of heating up between displacement well enters at the bottom of producing well and is plucked out of.After underground water is evaporated, also can injects normal-temperature water from ground in the oil pipe of displacement well and supplement medium as displacement, after making it enter oil reservoir, continue vaporization and displace crude oil.Exploitation method of the present invention, utilize silicon-carbide particle proppant efficient heat transfer viscosity reduction in hydraulically created fracture, be rapidly heated oil reservoir, vaporization underground water remaining oil after displacement steam soak, solve the problem that Wellhead steam injection loses along journey steam quality thus, reduce heat energy loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality and unit mass steam swept volume, effectively can improve the development effectiveness of heavy crude reservoir after steam soak.With the steam flooding of routine for compared with exploitation method, the employing microwave in-situ vaporization formation water of the present embodiment the tired oil production of the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude improves 23%.
Embodiment 2
The oil reservoir degree of depth is 1900m, viscosity of crude under reservoir temperature is 200000 centipoises, the finish time mean reservoir pressure handled up is 1.9MPa, the effectively average 20m of oil reservoir 9 thickness, adjacent steam soak inter-well distance 100m, the injection water water recovery rate that finish time calculates of handling up is 47%, and namely underground injection water retaining in reservoir is 53%.
A, deployment flooding pattern:
As shown in Figure 1, flooding pattern is set in the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir; Described flooding pattern comprises at least one injection-production well group; Be an injection-production well group shown in Fig. 1, this injection-production well group comprises the multiple producing wells 2 around a displacement well 1 and this displacement well 1; In the present embodiment, be what in the old well area of steam soak, to select the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality is intact as described displacement well 1, described producing well 2 is made up of (being provided with two producing wells 2 in the present embodiment) the old well of steam soak adjacent with this displacement well 1;
Microwave generator 5 is disposed at displacement well 1 well head, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe 51 of described microwave generator 5 under in displacement well 1 annular space, this microwave ingress pipe extends to target oil reservoir position, and the microwave ingress pipe 51 of described target oil reservoir position evenly arranges Microwave emission hole 52; Described microwave catheter 51 is 3 every meter in the density in the Microwave emission hole 52 of the vertical continuous distributed of target oil reservoir, amounts to 60;
Pressure sensor 31 and thermocouple temperature sensor 32 is entered under in the annular space of described displacement well 1 and producing well 2, described pressure sensor 31 and thermocouple temperature sensor 32 are arranged on target oil reservoir medium position, to monitor displacement well 1 and producing well 2 near wellbore zone pressure and variations in temperature; Each pressure sensor 31 described is connected to ground Central Control Room by a cable, and each thermocouple temperature sensor 32 described is also connected to ground Central Control Room by a cable.
B, artificial fracturing make seam:
Carry out artificial fracturing in displacement well 1 corresponding target oil reservoir position and make seam, utilize fracturing technique well known in the art to carry out: if the old well of steam soak is straight well, adopt straight well hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break and make seam; If the old well of steam soak is horizontal well, then adopts the continuous fracturing technique of horizontal well to carry out pressure break and make seam; The seam length in the crack 4 that described fracturing produces should be greater than the over half of the spacing of displacement well 1 and producing well 2, but can not exceed the distance between displacement well 1 and producing well 2; In the present embodiment, the crack seam that fracturing produces is long is 70m, reaches more than 1/2 of injection-production well spacing.
In crack, inject the silicon-carbide particle of certain particle size as high-temperature heat-transfer medium, the granularity of silicon-carbide particle is 8 ~ 20 orders, and the injecting program of silicon-carbide particle is: 1. first in crack, inject prepad fluid; 2. utilize pressure break load fluid to carry silicon-carbide particle and inject crack, as fracture support agent; 3. inject displacement fluid and silicon-carbide particle and load fluid are clamp-oned depths, crack; 4. recycle pressure break load fluid and carry silicon-carbide particle injects near wellbore zone crack as fracture support agent, make silicon-carbide particle near wellbore zone to continuous distributed in the fracturing fracture of oil reservoir depths.
C, the microwave in-situ vaporization displacement of reservoir oil:
Open microwave generator 5, utilize thermocouple temperature sensor 32 continuous temperature measurement in described displacement well 1, more than steam-laden temperature under temperature is higher than target oil reservoir average pressure when 80 DEG C, lower the power of microwave generator 5, until temperature to be down under target oil reservoir average pressure more than steam-laden temperature 50 DEG C, and continue to remain on this temperature range.
Rise to more than steam saturation temperature corresponding under target oil reservoir average pressure 50 DEG C when monitoring described displacement well 1 downhole temperature, and when strata pressure raises 3MPa, underground water is vaporized in a large number, and producing well 2 drives a well, and is recovered the oil continuously by oil pipe 21.Under between displacement well 1 and producing well 2, strata pressure difference acts on, the underground water be vaporized near displacement well 1 flows to producing well 2, and vapor chamber displacing front 6 is formed in target oil reservoir, high temperature due to vapor chamber displacing front 6 pairs of crude oil drives to be swept and heating, viscosity reducing effect, makes the crude oil in oil reservoir have higher mobility and is plucked out of to producing well 2 shaft bottom by displacement.
Described producing well 2 adopts the mode of blowing or artificial lift to recover the oil continuously, and when producing well 2 has blowing ability, the preferential blowing mode that adopts is produced.
Timely monitor producing well 2 Produced Liquid water content, less than 15% is reached when moisture, and lifting rate is when being less than 2 tons/day, inject normal-temperature water by the oil pipe 11 in displacement well 1 continuously to described displacement well 1 and supplement medium as displacement, vaporization is continued and displace crude oil after making it enter oil reservoir, preferably, waterflood injection rate is 50 tons/day; When producing well 2 Produced Liquid water content reached more than 95% more than 30 days, and when downhole temperature is warmed up to more than 280 DEG C, produce and terminate, close microwave generator 5, producing well 2 and displacement well 1.
With the steam flooding of routine for compared with exploitation method, the employing microwave in-situ vaporization formation water of the present embodiment the tired oil production of the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude improves 23%.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) Heavy Oil Reservoir is microwave weak absorbing medium, and domestic and international result of study shows, in conventional microwave heating process, can only heat the oil reservoir within the scope of 5 meters, near wellbore zone, cannot heat farther wider oil reservoir; And the present invention adopts fracturing man to stitch, and the silicon-carbide particle injecting high heat conduction in crack is as fracture support agent, effectively can improve the microwave absorbability of oil reservoir, in microwave heating process, the crack extending to oil reservoir depths near displacement well shaft is due to the heat transfer of silicon-carbide particle and intensification, form a rule high-temperature heat-conductive passage and extend to oil reservoir depths, thus realize the deep on a large scale that plane is greater than 40 meters of radiuses and longitudinally covers whole core intersection and heat and underground water of vaporizing, achieve deep displacement.
(2) because specific volume increases the stratum boosting produced after displacement energy comes from underground water vaporization, underground water is more, the displacement energy that vaporization produces more greatly and more lasting, therefore, fully the unfavorable of stratum water can be changed into advantage, realize the continued vaporization displacement of reservoir oil and do not need to continue to inject.
(3) silicon-carbide particle has high temperature resistant, stable chemical performance, hardness large (Mohs' hardness is 9.5 grades, be only second to diamond), heat conductivility is good, can the advantage such as anti-oxidant when shock resistance, high temperature, using silicon-carbide particle as making seam proppant, high-temperature carborundum crack passage of heat can be formed for a long time, the large-scale oil reservoir of heating continued viscosity reduction crude oil, improve the mobile performance of crude oil, realize long stable high yield.
(4) after water vaporization in underground exhausts, normal temperature hot water is injected continuously to displacement well, vaporize in high-temperature stratum original position, can avoid heavy crude reservoir especially mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir from well head to losing along journey steam quality in shaft bottom steam injection process, greatly reduce heat energy loss, improve shaft bottom steam quality and unit mass steam swept volume, effectively can improve heat utilization efficiency and steam Flooding Efficiency.
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations done under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a microwave in-situ vaporization formation water exploitation method for displacement viscous crude, described exploitation method comprises the following steps:
(1) flooding pattern is set in the old well area of factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir; Described flooding pattern comprises at least one injection-production well group; Described injection-production well group comprises the multiple producing wells around a displacement well and this displacement well; Described displacement well is made up of the old well of steam soak that a bite cementing quality in the old well area of steam soak is intact, and described producing well is made up of the old well of steam soak adjacent with this displacement well;
(2) utilize hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break to target oil reservoir in described displacement well and make seam;
(3) to implantation silicon carbide particle in crack as high-temperature heat-transfer medium;
(4) microwave generator is disposed at displacement well well head, enter to connect the microwave ingress pipe of described microwave generator under in displacement well annular space, this microwave ingress pipe extends to pressure break target oil reservoir position, and the microwave ingress pipe of described pressure break target oil reservoir position evenly arranges Microwave emission hole;
(5) pressure sensor and thermocouple temperature sensor is entered under in described displacement well and producing well annular space, described pressure sensor and thermocouple temperature sensor are arranged on target oil reservoir medium position, to monitor displacement well and producing well near wellbore zone pressure and variations in temperature;
(6) open microwave generator, the silicon-carbide particle in fire crack radiation scope, makes oil reservoir heat up and formation water of vaporizing;
(7) when monitoring described displacement well downhole temperature and rise to more than steam saturation temperature corresponding under target oil reservoir average pressure 30 ~ 50 DEG C and strata pressure raising 2 ~ 3MPa, underground water is vaporized in a large number, and producing well drives a well, and recovers the oil continuously;
(8) timely monitor producing well Produced Liquid water content, reaches less than 10% when moisture, and when lifting rate is less than 1 ton of/day, injects normal-temperature water continuously supplement medium as displacement to described displacement well oil pipe, continues vaporization and displace crude oil after making it enter oil reservoir;
(9) when producing well Produced Liquid water content reached more than 95% more than 20 ~ 30 days, and when downhole temperature is warmed up to more than 150 DEG C, produce and terminate, close microwave generator, producing well and displacement well.
2. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, is characterized in that: in described step (2), if the old well of steam soak is straight well, then adopts straight well hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out pressure break and make seam; If the old well of steam soak is horizontal well, then adopts the continuous fracturing technique of horizontal well to carry out pressure break and make seam.
3. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the crack seam that described fracturing produces grow up in displacement well and producing well spacing 1/2, and be less than the distance between displacement well and producing well.
4. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 3 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, is characterized in that: the crack seam length that described fracturing produces is 40 ~ 70m.
5. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), the granularity of silicon-carbide particle is 8 ~ 20 orders, and the injecting program of silicon-carbide particle is: 1. first in crack, inject prepad fluid; 2. utilize pressure break load fluid to carry silicon-carbide particle and inject crack, as fracture support agent; 3. inject displacement fluid and silicon-carbide particle and load fluid are clamp-oned depths, crack; 4. recycle pressure break load fluid and carry silicon-carbide particle injects near wellbore zone crack as fracture support agent, make silicon-carbide particle near wellbore zone to continuous distributed in the fracturing fracture of oil reservoir depths.
6. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the quantity in described Microwave emission hole is determined according to the thickness of target oil reservoir, and target oil reservoir every meter of thickness arranges 2 ~ 3 Microwave emission holes.
7. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (6), utilize thermocouple temperature sensor continuous temperature measurement in described displacement well, more than steam-laden temperature under temperature is higher than target oil reservoir average pressure when 50 ~ 80 DEG C, lower the power of microwave generator, until temperature to be down under target oil reservoir average pressure more than steam-laden temperature 30 ~ 50 DEG C and to be continued to remain on this temperature range.
8. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (7), described producing well adopts the mode of blowing or artificial lift to recover the oil continuously.
9. microwave in-situ vaporization formation water as claimed in claim 1 the exploitation method of displacement viscous crude, it is characterized in that: in described step (8), waterflood injection rate is 30 ~ 50 tons/day.
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| CN106285592B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-09-25 | 深圳市蒸妙节能高科技有限公司 | The method that steam carries out oil exploitation is generated using microwave |
| CN104989382A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司 | Heavy oil thermal recovery wellhead high-temperature-resistant pressure transmitter |
| CN107420079B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2023-06-16 | 西南石油大学 | Double-horizontal well SAGD thick oil exploitation mechanism and method |
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| CN108915654A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 西南石油大学 | Thickened oil recovery method and system |
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| CN113895852B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-06-20 | 张国建 | Atmospheric precipitation storage underground reservoir system and construction method |
| CN114718532B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-04-25 | 西南石油大学 | Method for exploiting deep thick oil by in-situ modification of thick oil assisted by catalytic heating |
| US11939851B2 (en) | 2022-08-09 | 2024-03-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Microwave heating technique for treatment of condensate buildup |
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