CN113618001B - External forging elastic box and external forging auxiliary tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an external forging elastic box and an external forging auxiliary tool, belongs to the technical field of forging, and solves the problems that the existing press in the prior art cannot carry out integral forming on an ultra-large forging piece exceeding the span by adopting a free forging mode, and the service life of the press is short because parts bearing loads of the existing press are all rigidly connected. The in-vitro forging elastic box comprises a box body, a box cover, a spring and a guide pillar, wherein one end of the guide pillar is supported at the bottom of the box body through the spring, the box cover is arranged at the other end of the guide pillar, and a gap is formed between the box body and the box cover; the spring includes a plurality of disc springs arranged in an axial direction of the spring. The elastic box and the external forging assistor can be used for external forging of blanks.

Description

External forging elastic box and external forging auxiliary tool

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to an external forging elastic box and an external forging auxiliary tool.

Background

Limited by the structural size (such as span and column spacing) of the existing press, the existing press cannot integrally form the ultra-large forged piece exceeding the span in a free forging mode, and only can adopt a split-forging and then tailor-welding mode.

In addition, the parts of the existing press machine which bear loads are all rigidly connected, and the rigid collision easily causes the damage of the parts, so that the service life of the press machine is short.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide an external forging elastic box and an external forging auxiliary tool, which solve the problems that the existing press in the prior art cannot perform integral forming on an ultra-large forging piece exceeding a span in a free forging manner, and the service life of the press is short because all the parts of the existing press which bear loads are rigidly connected.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an external forging elastic box which comprises a box body, a box cover, a spring and a guide post, wherein one end of the guide post is supported at the bottom of the box body through the spring, the box cover is arranged at the other end of the guide post, a gap is formed between the box body and the box cover, one side, close to a blank, of a beam body is defined as a forging side, the other side of the beam body is a non-forging side, namely, the box body is arranged on a mounting surface (for example, the ground) of forging equipment, and the non-forging side of the beam body of an external forging auxiliary tool is supported on the box cover.

Further, the spring comprises a plurality of disc springs arranged along the axial direction of the spring, and the disc springs form a set of spring.

Furthermore, the elastic box also comprises a spring guide cylinder arranged in the box body and a guide post guide cylinder arranged in the box cover, wherein the spring is partially or completely arranged in the spring guide cylinder, and the other end of the guide post is inserted into the guide post guide cylinder.

Furthermore, the spring guide cylinder and the guide post guide cylinder are both cylindrical.

Further, the length of the spring guide cylinder is larger than the natural length of the spring, that is, the spring is completely arranged in the spring guide cylinder, one end of the guide post is firstly inserted into the spring guide cylinder, and the spring is continuously inserted downwards.

Furthermore, the number of the springs, the guide pillars, the spring guide cylinders and the guide pillar guide cylinders is multiple, and the springs, the guide pillars, the spring guide cylinders and the guide pillar guide cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence.

Furthermore, the number of the springs, the guide columns, the spring guide cylinders and the guide column guide cylinders is 9.

Further, the guide pillar is a step shaft and comprises a spring connecting shaft and a box cover connecting shaft which are sequentially connected along the direction from the box body to the box cover, the spring connecting shaft is inserted into the spring, the box cover is supported on the box cover connecting shaft, and the diameter of the spring connecting shaft is smaller than that of the box cover connecting shaft.

Further, the ratio of the outer diameter of the spring to the inner diameter of the spring guide cylinder is 0.96-0.99: 1.

further, the ratio of the outer diameter of the guide post to the inner diameter of the guide post guide cylinder is 0.99-1: 1.

further, the ratio of the maximum pressure that the plurality of springs can bear to the maximum load of the forging apparatus is 2 or more.

Further, the box body adopts an integral casting mode or a mode that steel plates are stacked and spliced with each other.

Further, the case lid takes the form of a forging.

Further, the elastic box further comprises a box body lifting lug arranged on the box body and a box cover lifting lug arranged on the box cover, wherein the box body lifting lug is used for lifting the box body, and the box cover lifting lug is used for lifting the box cover.

Further, the box lug and case lid lug all set up in pairs.

Furthermore, the box body lifting lug and the box cover lifting lug are a pair.

The invention also provides an external forging assistive device which comprises a beam body and the external forging elastic box, wherein one end of the beam body is a non-forging side, and the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on a box cover.

Further, the in-vitro forging auxiliary tool can be used for in-vitro widening, in-vitro reaming, in-vitro shaping or in-vitro bulging of the ultra-large tube plate.

Further, the connection of the movable cross beam and the beam body is located at the midpoint of the forged side of the beam body and the non-forged side of the beam body.

Further, above-mentioned utensil is assisted in external forging still includes box connecting piece, and the non-forging side of the roof beam body passes through box connecting piece and elasticity case to be connected, and particularly, box connecting piece includes last box connecting plate and hangs the lower box connecting plate of locating in last box connecting plate below, is face of cylinder contact between last box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate, goes up box connecting plate and the non-forging side fixed connection of the roof beam body, lower box connecting plate and elasticity case fixed connection.

Furthermore, the radius of the convex surface of the upper box connecting plate is smaller than that of the concave surface of the lower box connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate to the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate is 0.90-0.98: 1.

further, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins are connected through a box connecting sleeve (for example, an 8-shaped connecting sleeve).

Further, the number of the box connecting sleeves is multiple.

Further, the number of the box connecting sleeves is 4.

Further, utensil is assisted in above-mentioned external forging still includes tup and forging platform, and the other end of roof beam body is for forging the side, and the forging side of roof beam body is located to the tup, and non-forging side is connected with forging and pressing equipment's installation face, and forging platform locates under the tup, and the forging side of roof beam body is located the region that forging and pressing equipment's stand encloses.

Furthermore, the hammer head is a widening hammer head, the width of the anvil is 400-450 mm, and the length of the anvil is 3.5-4.5 m.

Further, the beam body is a plate welding beam body, a forge welding beam body or an integrally forged beam body.

Further, the beam body is a welded beam body.

Further, utensil is assisted in above-mentioned external forging still includes roof beam body connecting piece, and the movable cross beam passes through roof beam body connecting piece and roof beam body coupling, and particularly, roof beam body connecting piece includes roof beam body connecting plate and hangs the underbeam body connecting plate of locating the roof beam body connecting plate below, is face of cylinder contact between roof beam body connecting plate and the underbeam body connecting plate, and roof beam body connecting plate and movable cross beam fixed connection, underbeam body connecting plate and roof beam body fixed connection.

Furthermore, the radius of the convex surface of the upper beam body connecting plate is smaller than that of the concave surface of the lower beam body connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate to the concave spherical radius of the lower beam connecting plate is 0.90-0.98: 1.

further, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins can be connected through a beam body connecting sleeve (for example, an 8-shaped connecting sleeve).

Further, the number of the beam connecting sleeves is multiple.

Further, the number of the beam connecting sleeves is 4.

Further, the beam body connecting piece also comprises an upper anvil block, and the upper beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam through the upper anvil block.

Furthermore, a dovetail protrusion is arranged on the upper end face of the upper beam body connecting plate, a dovetail groove is formed in the lower end face of the upper anvil block, and the dovetail protrusion is inserted into the dovetail groove; or the lower end surface of the upper anvil block is provided with a dovetail projection, the upper end surface of the upper beam body connecting plate is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail projection is inserted into the dovetail groove.

Further, above-mentioned external forging assists utensil still includes the tup connecting piece, and above-mentioned tup passes through the tup connecting piece and is connected with the forging side of the roof beam body, and particularly, the tup connecting piece includes the tup connecting plate and hangs the lower tup connecting plate of locating last tup connecting plate below, goes up and is the sphere contact between tup connecting plate and the lower tup connecting plate, goes up the tup connecting plate and forges side fixed connection with the roof beam body, lower tup connecting plate and tup fixed connection.

Furthermore, the convex radius of the upper hammer head connecting plate is smaller than the concave spherical radius of the lower hammer head connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper hammer head connecting plate to the concave spherical radius of the lower hammer head connecting plate is 0.90-0.98: 1.

furthermore, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins can be connected through hammer head connecting sleeves (for example, font connecting sleeves).

Further, the number of the hammer head connecting sleeves is multiple.

Further, the number of the hammer head connecting sleeves is 2.

Furthermore, the external forging assistive device also comprises a rotating platform used for driving the blank to rotate, and the rotating platform is arranged obliquely below the hammer head and positioned on one side of the forging platform.

Further, the rotary platform rotates in a transmission mode of pneumatic, hydraulic or external force pushing.

Further, one side of the forging platform facing the rotating platform is conformal with the rotating platform.

Furthermore, the shape of the rotary platform is circular, the diameter of the rotary platform is smaller than that of the blank, one side of the forging platform, facing the rotary platform, is arc-shaped, and the whole shape of the forging platform is crescent.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

a) According to the external forging elastic box provided by the invention, the elastic box is provided with the spring between the box body and the box cover to enable the elastic box to flexibly support the beam body of the external forging auxiliary tool and absorb impact load, so that a certain buffer effect can be realized on the movable cross beam during loading and unloading, the movable cross beam of the press machine is protected, and the service life of the press machine is further prolonged.

b) According to the external forging elastic box provided by the invention, the deformation direction of the spring can be guided through the spring guide cylinder, the shaking and the inclination of the spring in the deformation process are reduced, the movement direction of the guide pillar can be guided through the guide pillar guide cylinder, and the shaking and the inclination of the guide pillar in the movement process are reduced, so that the movement stability of the box cover and the non-forging side of the beam body can be ensured, the movement of the box cover can basically be along the vertical direction, and the supporting force direction of the elastic box on the non-forging end of the beam body is ensured to be kept in the vertical direction.

c) In the external forging assistive device provided by the invention, the box body connecting piece is arranged between the non-forging side of the beam body and the elastic box, and the cylindrical surface between the upper box body connecting plate and the lower box body connecting plate in the box body connecting piece slides to make up the motion difference between the non-forging side of the beam body and the elastic box, so that the non-forging side of the beam body and the elastic box follow up to realize swinging and rotating with a certain amplitude, the rigid connection between the non-forging side of the beam body and the elastic box is converted into cylindrical surface flexible connection, and the phenomenon that the non-forging side of the beam body and the elastic box generate overlarge strong torque at the connecting part is avoided.

d) In the in-vitro forging assistive device provided by the invention, the upper end surface of the beam body is connected with the movable cross beam of the press machine through the arrangement of the beam body, the forging side rotates around the non-forging side in the moving process of the movable cross beam to form the shoulder pole beam, compared with the movable cross beam, the moving distance of the forging side is greater than that of the movable cross beam, and the forging forming process is moved out of the press machine, so that the forging assistive device can be integrally formed by a free forging mode on a super-large forging piece exceeding the span without being limited by the structural size (such as the span and the space between the stand columns) of the press machine.

e) In the in-vitro forging assistive device provided by the invention, the beam body is in spherical or cylindrical surface contact with the movable cross beam, the hammer head and the elastic box through the arrangement of the beam body connecting piece, the hammer head connecting piece and the box body connecting piece, and the connection between the beam body and the movable cross beam, the connection between the hammer head and the elastic box can be converted into flexible connection, so that the relative sliding and rotation among the beam body, the movable cross beam, the hammer head and the elastic box are ensured, the stability and the high efficiency of the in-vitro forging assistive device are ensured to the maximum extent while force transmission is realized, and a technical guarantee is provided for realizing engineering application of in-vitro forging and mass production of ultra-large tube plates.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout, are for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-vitro forged elastic box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover of an in-vitro forged flexible box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a box body in an in-vitro forged flexible box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide post in an in-vitro forged elastic box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring in an in-vitro forged elastic box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-vitro forging aid provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection position between a beam and an elastic box in an in vitro forging assistive device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a beam body; 2-a hammer head; 3-forging the platform; 4-a movable cross beam; 5-connecting the box body; 6-lower box connecting plate; 7-box body connecting sleeve; 8-a flexible box; 81-box body; 82-a box cover; 83-a spring; 84-guide pillars; 85-spring guide cylinder; 86-guide post guide cylinder; 87-case lifting lugs; 88-case cover lifting lugs; 9-rotating the platform; 10-blank.

Detailed Description

The preferred invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium.

The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "down," and "above … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

The general working surface of the invention can be a plane or a curved surface, can be inclined or horizontal. For convenience of explanation, the embodiments of the present invention are placed on a horizontal plane and used on the horizontal plane, and are defined as "high and low" and "up and down".

Example one

The present embodiment provides an external forging elastic box, referring to fig. 1 to 5, including a box 81, a box cover 82, a spring 83 (for example, the spring 83 includes a plurality of disc springs arranged along the axial direction of the spring 83, the plurality of disc springs form a set of spring 83), and a guide post 84, one end of the guide post 84 is supported at the bottom of the box 81 through the spring 83, the box cover 82 is covered at the other end of the guide post 84, a gap is provided between the box 81 and the box cover 82, defining one side of the beam 1 close to the blank as a forging side, and the other side of the beam 1 as a non-forging side, that is, the box 81 is disposed on a mounting surface of the forging device, and the non-forging side of the beam 1 of the external forging auxiliary device is supported on the box cover 82.

In practice, the cover 82 is supported on the box 81 by a spring 83 and a guide post 84 with a certain clearance from the box 81, when the movable beam 4 of the press moves downward and applies a load to the beam 1, the spring 83 is shortened to move the cover 82 toward the box 81, when the movable beam 4 moves upward and does not apply a load to the beam 1, the spring 83 is lengthened to move the cover 82 away from the box 81, and the elastic deformation of the elastic box 8 is provided by the spring 83 provided between the box 81 and the cover 82.

Compared with the prior art, the external forging elastic box that this embodiment provided gives elastic box 8's elastic deformation through set up spring 83 between box 81 and case lid 82 for elastic box 8 can carry out the flexible support to external forging assistive beam body 1, absorbs impact load, thereby can play certain cushioning effect to movable cross beam 4 when loading and uninstallation, protects movable cross beam 4 of press, and then prolongs the life of press.

Considering that the deformation direction of the spring 83 and the moving direction of the guide post 84 affect the movement stability of the box cover 82 and the non-forging side of the beam body 1, the elastic box 8 further includes a spring guide 85 provided in the box body 81 and a guide post guide 86 provided in the box cover 82, the spring 83 is partially or entirely disposed in the spring guide 85, the other end of the guide post 84 is inserted into the guide post guide 86, and as for the shapes of the spring guide 85 and the guide post guide 86, the shapes of both may be cylindrical, for example. Like this, can lead the deformation direction of spring 83 through spring guide cylinder 85, reduce rocking and the slope of spring 83 in the deformation process, can lead the direction of motion of guide pillar 84 through guide pillar guide cylinder 86, reduce rocking and the slope of guide pillar 84 in the motion process, thereby can guarantee the motion stability of case lid 82 and the non-forging side of roof beam body 1, make the motion of case lid 82 can follow vertical direction basically, and then guarantee that elasticity case 8 keeps vertical direction to the holding power direction of the non-forging end of roof beam body 1.

It should be noted that the spring 83 is a flexible member, and the guide post 84 is a rigid member, and the spring 83 is prone to tilt and shake during the deformation process, so that the length of the spring guide cylinder 85 is greater than the natural length of the spring 83, that is, the spring 83 is completely disposed in the spring guide cylinder 85, one end of the guide post 84 is first inserted into the spring guide cylinder 85, and continues to be inserted downward into the spring 83, thereby achieving the connection between the spring 83 and the guide post 84. In this way, the spring 83 is always guided by the spring guide 85 during the deformation process, and the inclination and rattling of the spring 83 can be further reduced.

Illustratively, the number of the springs 83, the guide posts 84, the spring guide barrels 85 and the guide post guide barrels 86 is multiple (for example, 9), and the springs 83, the guide posts 84, the spring guide barrels 85 and the guide post guide barrels 86 correspond to each other one by one, that is, a set of springs 83 is arranged in one spring guide barrel 85, a set of guide posts 84 is arranged in one guide post guide barrel 86, and a set of springs 83 is connected with one guide post 84.

Considering that the guide post 84 is a main force transmission component of the elastic case 8 and simultaneously plays a role of connecting the case body 81 and the case cover 82, and therefore, the guide post 84 needs to have sufficient mechanical strength, illustratively, the guide post 84 is a step shaft including a spring connecting shaft and a case cover connecting shaft which are connected in sequence in a case body to case cover direction, the spring connecting shaft is inserted into the spring 83, and the case cover 82 is supported on the case cover connecting shaft, and the diameter of the spring connecting shaft is smaller than that of the case cover connecting shaft. Thus, the connection between the guide post 84 and the spring 83 can be realized by the spring connecting shaft with a smaller diameter, and the box cover connecting shaft with a larger diameter mainly plays a role in force transmission and connection.

In order to facilitate the insertion of the spring 83 into the spring guide 85, the ratio of the outer diameter of the spring 83 to the inner diameter of the spring guide 85 is 0.96-0.99: 1, that is, the outer diameter of the spring 83 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spring guide 85. Thus, the ratio of the outer diameter of the spring 83 to the inner diameter of the spring guide cylinder 85 is limited within the above range, so that the spring 83 can be conveniently inserted into the spring guide cylinder 85, the problem that the spring 83 expands to cause expansion with the spring guide cylinder 85 when stressed is solved, and the inclination and the shaking of the spring 83 in the deformation process can be reduced.

Similarly, to facilitate insertion of the guide post 84 into the guide post guide 86, the ratio of the outer diameter of the guide post 84 to the inner diameter of the guide post guide 86 is 0.99 to 1:1, that is, the outer diameter of the guide post 84 may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the guide post guide 86, or may be equal to the inner diameter of the guide post guide 86. Thus, the ratio of the outer diameter of the guide post 84 to the inner diameter of the guide post guide cylinder 86 is limited to the above range, so that the guide post 84 can be inserted into the guide post guide cylinder 86 conveniently, the problem that the guide post 84 expands when stressed to cause the guide post guide cylinder 86 to swell is solved, and the inclination and the shaking of the guide post 84 in the deformation process can be reduced.

In order to effectively and stably support the non-forged end of the beam body 1, the ratio of the maximum pressure that the plurality of springs 83 can bear to the maximum load of the forging apparatus is 2 or more. Like this, through reserving sufficient factor of safety, can guarantee a plurality of springs 83's normal use, can not take place destructive deformation, and then guarantee elasticity case 8's normal use.

The forming method of the case 81 may be, specifically, a form of integral casting, or a form of stacking and welding steel plates to each other. For the forming mode of the box cover 82, as the box cover 82 needs to bear stronger repeated impact load in the in-vitro forging process, the box cover 82 can adopt a forging form, so that the condition that the whole elastic box fails due to cracking of the box cover 82 in service can be avoided.

In consideration of the lifting of the elastic box 8, the elastic box 8 further includes a box body lifting lug 87 provided on the box body 81 and a box cover lifting lug 88 provided on the box cover 82, wherein the box body lifting lug 87 is used for lifting the box body 81, and the box cover lifting lug 88 is used for lifting the box cover 82. It is understood that the box body lifting lug 87 and the box cover lifting lug 88 are arranged in pairs, and exemplarily, the box body lifting lug 87 and the box cover lifting lug 88 are arranged in pairs.

Example two

The present embodiment provides an external forging aid, referring to fig. 6 to 7, comprising a beam body 1 and an external forging elastic box provided by the first embodiment, wherein one end of the beam body 1 is a non-forging side, and the non-forging side of the beam body 1 is supported on a box cover 82.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the in vitro forging auxiliary provided by the embodiment are basically the same as the beneficial effects of the in vitro forging elastic box provided by the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.

Illustratively, the in-vitro forging auxiliary tool can be used for the procedures of in-vitro widening, in-vitro reaming, in-vitro shaping or in-vitro bulging and the like of the ultra-large tube plate.

From the viewpoint of moment balance, the position of the joint of the movable cross beam 4 and the beam body 1 is adjustable, and may be located at the midpoint between the forged side of the beam body 1 and the non-forged side of the beam body 1, for example.

It is worth noting that in the moving process of the movable cross beam 4, torque can exist between the beam body 1 and the elastic box 8, therefore, the external forging auxiliary tool further comprises a box connecting piece, the non-forging side of the beam body 1 is connected with the elastic box 8 through the box connecting piece, specifically, the box connecting piece comprises an upper box connecting plate 5 and a lower box connecting plate 6 hung below the upper box connecting plate 5, the upper box connecting plate 5 is in cylindrical surface contact with the lower box connecting plate 6, the upper box connecting plate 5 is fixedly connected with the non-forging side of the beam body 1, and the lower box connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the elastic box 8 (namely, the box cover 82). Like this, through set up the box connecting piece between the non-forging side at roof beam body 1 and elasticity case 8, the face of cylinder between the upper box connecting plate 5 of box connecting piece and the lower box connecting plate 6 slides in the box connecting piece, can compensate the non-motion difference between the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and the elasticity case 8, make the non-forging side and the elasticity case 8 follow-up of roof beam body 1, realize swing and rotation of certain range, turn into the rigid connection between the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and the elasticity case 8 cylinder flexonics, avoid the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elasticity case 8 to produce too big strong moment of torsion in the junction.

In order to ensure the smoothness of the cylindrical surface sliding between the upper box connecting plate 5 and the lower box connecting plate 6, the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate 5 is smaller than the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate 6, and illustratively, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate 5 to the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate 6 is 0.90-0.98: 1. this is because, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper tank connecting plate 5 to the concave radius of the lower tank connecting plate 6 is limited within the above range, and not only can the smoothness of the sliding of the cylindrical surface between the upper tank connecting plate 5 and the lower tank connecting plate 6 be ensured, but also the contact area between the upper tank connecting plate 5 and the lower tank connecting plate 6 can be ensured, thereby effectively resisting the impact load.

Illustratively, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper box connecting plate 5 and the lower box connecting plate 6, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a box connecting sleeve 7 (e.g., a 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper box connecting plate 5 and the lower box connecting plate 6. In order to ensure stable connection between the upper tank connecting plate 5 and the lower tank connecting plate 6, the number of the tank connecting sleeves 7 is plural, for example, 4, and stable connection between the upper tank connecting plate 5 and the lower tank connecting plate 6 can be achieved by the plural tank connecting sleeves 7.

It can be understood that, in order to realize external forging, above-mentioned external forging assists the utensil and still includes tup 2 and forging platform 3, and the other end of roof beam body 1 is for forging the side, and tup 2 locates the forging side of roof beam body 1, and non-forging side is connected with the installation face of forging and pressing equipment, and forging platform 3 locates tup 2 under, and the forging side of roof beam body 1 is located the region that the stand of forging and pressing equipment encloses. In the implementation process, the upper end face of the beam body 1 is connected with a movable cross beam 4 of a press machine, the movable cross beam 4 is positioned between a forging side and a non-forging side, the beam body 1 and the movable cross beam 4 form a carrying pole beam, and a blank 10 is placed on a forging platform 3; in the activity in-process of movable beam 4, the side of forging is rotatory around the non-forging side, and can be with the movable beam 4 of press to the load that the roof beam body 1 was applyed from the inside forging side that transmits to the press outside of press, 2 hammers blank 10 that lie in on forging platform 3 of tup, 2 and 3 combined action of forging platform make blank 10 take place to warp to realize the external forging of press and the forging of extra-large forging. Compared with the prior art, in the external forging assistive device provided by the embodiment, through the setting of the beam body 1, the upper end face of the beam body 1 is connected with the movable cross beam 4 of the press, in the moving process of the movable cross beam 4, the forging side rotates around the non-forging side to form the shoulder pole beam, compared with the movable cross beam 4, the moving distance of the forging side is greater than that of the movable cross beam 4, and as the forging forming process is moved outside the press body, the limit of the structural size (such as span and column spacing) of the press can be avoided, and the integral forming is carried out on the ultra-large forging beyond the span by adopting a free forging mode.

In the case of an ultra-large cake (for example, a cake having a diameter of 7.5m or more), the hammer head 2 is a widened hammer head, that is, a hammer head 2 having a narrow anvil width and a long anvil length, and the size of the widened hammer head is not limited, and for example, the anvil width is 400 to 450mm and the anvil length is 3.5 to 4.5m. When the design of tup 2, should consider forging load, adopt above-mentioned external forging to assist the utensil to carrying out the shaping power conduction, need consider moment balance, the load that 2 departments of tup exert is only half of press actual load, consequently, the width of widening the tup hammering block should be half of the width of traditional widening the tup hammering block.

Considering that the beam body 1 is a main force transmission component in the external forging assistive device and is used for moving the vertical load of the movable cross beam 4 of the press to the outer side of the press (i.e. on the hammer head 2), the beam body 1 is exemplarily a plate welding beam body, a forge welding beam body or an integral forging beam body. However, the beam 1 may be selected as a welded beam as long as the mechanical strength is acceptable in view of the returning force of the returning cylinder of the press machine.

It is worth noting that, in the moving process of the movable cross beam 4, the moving of the movable cross beam 4 is up-and-down movement, the moving of the beam body 1 is up-and-down movement and rotation composite movement, in order to make up the movement difference between the movable cross beam 4 and the beam body 1, the external forging assistive device further comprises a beam body connecting piece, the movable cross beam 4 is connected with the beam body 1 through the beam body connecting piece, specifically, the beam body connecting piece comprises an upper beam body connecting plate and a lower beam body connecting plate hung below the upper beam body connecting plate, the upper beam body connecting plate is in cylindrical surface contact with the lower beam body connecting plate, the upper beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 4, and the lower beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the beam body 1. Like this, through set up roof beam body connecting piece between movable cross beam 4 and roof beam body 1, the face of cylinder between roof beam body connecting plate and the underbeam body connecting plate slides in the roof beam body connecting piece, can compensate the motion difference between movable cross beam 4 and the roof beam body 1, make roof beam body 1 follow-up with movable cross beam 4, realize the swing and the rotation of certain range, turn into cylinder flexonics with the rigid connection between roof beam body 1 and movable cross beam 4, avoid movable cross beam 4 and roof beam body 1 to produce too big strong moment of torsion in the junction.

In order to ensure the smoothness of the sliding of the cylindrical surface between the upper beam connecting plate and the lower beam connecting plate, the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate is smaller than the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate, and exemplarily, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate to the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate is 0.90-0.98: 1. this is because, inject the convex surface radius of upper beam body connecting plate and the concave surface radius of underbeam body connecting plate in above-mentioned within range, not only can guarantee the gliding smoothness nature of face of cylinder between upper beam body connecting plate and the underbeam body connecting plate, can also guarantee the area of contact of upper beam body connecting plate and underbeam body connecting plate to effective impact load.

Illustratively, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a beam body connecting sleeve (for example, an 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate. In order to ensure stable connection between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate, the number of the beam body connecting sleeves is multiple, for example, 4, and stable connection between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate can be realized through the multiple beam body connecting sleeves.

In order to realize the stable connection of the upper beam body connecting plate and the movable cross beam 4, the beam body connecting part further comprises an upper anvil block, and the upper beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 4 through the upper anvil block. The upper end surface of the upper beam body connecting plate is provided with a dovetail projection, the lower end surface of the upper anvil block is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail projection is inserted into the dovetail groove, so that the upper anvil block is rigidly and fixedly connected with the upper beam body connecting plate; or the lower end surface of the upper anvil block is provided with a dovetail protrusion, the upper end surface of the upper beam body connecting plate is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail protrusion is inserted into the dovetail groove, so that the upper anvil block and the upper beam body connecting plate are rigidly and fixedly connected.

It is also worth noting that the motion of roof beam body 1 is the rotation, in order to guarantee that the working face of tup 2 can contact with blank 10 better, above-mentioned external forging assists the utensil and still includes the tup connecting piece, above-mentioned tup 2 is connected through the forging side of tup connecting piece and roof beam body 1, particularly, the tup connecting piece includes last tup connecting plate and hangs the lower tup connecting plate of locating last tup connecting plate below, upward be the sphere contact between tup connecting plate and the lower tup connecting plate, upward the tup connecting plate with the forging side fixed connection of roof beam body 1, lower tup connecting plate and tup 2 fixed connection. This is because, the forging highly reduces gradually at the deformation in-process, increase along with the amount of rolling down of tup 2, the roof beam body 1 can take place the tilting of certain degree, through set up the tup connecting piece between the forging side at tup 2 and roof beam body 1, the sphere between the middle and upper tup connecting plate of tup connecting piece and the lower tup connecting plate slides, can turn into the cylinder flexonics with the rigid connection between the forging side of tup 2 and roof beam body 1, make the swing of certain degree can take place for tup 2, guarantee the forging face of the axis perpendicular to blank 10 of tup 2, be the face contact between the working face of tup 2 and the forging face of blank 10, improve the quality of forging gained forging.

In order to guarantee the gliding smooth and easy nature of sphere between last tup connecting plate and the lower tup connecting plate, the convex surface radius of above-mentioned last tup connecting plate is less than the concave surface radius of tup connecting plate down, exemplarily, the convex surface radius of going up the tup connecting plate is 0.90 ~ 0.98 with the concave surface radius of lower tup connecting plate's ratio: 1. this is because, inject the convex surface radius of last tup connecting plate and the concave surface spherical radius of lower tup connecting plate in above-mentioned within range, not only can guarantee to go up the gliding smoothness nature of sphere between tup connecting plate and the lower tup connecting plate, can also guarantee to go up the area of contact of tup connecting plate and lower tup connecting plate to effective impact load.

Exemplarily, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a hammer head connecting sleeve (e.g., an 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate. In order to guarantee the stable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate, the number of the hammer head connecting sleeves is a plurality of, for example, 2, and the stable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate can be realized through a plurality of hammer head connecting sleeves.

In order to forge each part of the blank 10, the external forging aid further comprises a rotating platform 9 for driving the blank 10 to rotate, and the rotating platform 9 is arranged on one side of the forging platform 3 and obliquely below the hammer head 2. That is, the rotary platform 9 is only used for supporting and rotating the blank 10, and the rotary platform 9 does not bear the load of the hammer head 2 during forging of the blank 10 by the hammer head 2. Illustratively, the rotary platform 9 may be rotated in the form of a pneumatic, hydraulic or externally-powered transmission.

Considering that the forging platform 3 is in a stationary state and the rotary platform 9 is in a rotary state during the forging process, in order to avoid interference between the two, the side of the forging platform 3 facing the rotary platform 9 is conformal with the rotary platform 9. Illustratively, the shape of the rotary platform 9 is circular, the diameter of the rotary platform 9 is smaller than that of the blank 10, the forging platform 3 is arc-shaped towards the rotary platform 9, and the entire shape of the forging platform 3 may be crescent-shaped. Thus, during the rotation of the rotary platform 9, the forging platform 3 does not interfere with the rotation of the rotary platform 9; in addition, the forging platform 3 and the rotating platform 9 which are in the structure can reduce the diameter of the rotating platform 9, and effectively solve the problem of how to place the blank 10 on the table top of the rotary table when the door-shaped hanging material is fed.

It should be noted that, in the past, the external forging assistive device for forging is rigidly connected between each component, and the loss to the press and the external forging assistive device is large, the external forging assistive device provided by this embodiment is that, through the setting of the beam connecting piece, the hammer head connecting piece and the box connecting piece, the beam 1 and the movable cross beam 4, the hammer head 2 and the elastic box 8 are all in spherical surface or cylindrical surface contact, and the connections between the beam 1 and the movable cross beam 4, and between the hammer head 2 and the elastic box 8 can all be converted into flexible connections, thereby ensuring the relative sliding and rotation between the four, while realizing the force transfer, furthest ensuring the stability and the high efficiency of the external forging assistive device, and providing technical support for realizing the engineering application of external forging and the mass production of ultra-large tube plates.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An external forging assistive device is characterized by comprising a beam body and an external forging elastic box;

the in-vitro forging elastic box comprises a box body, a box cover, a spring and a guide pillar, wherein one end of the guide pillar is supported at the bottom of the box body through the spring, the box cover is arranged at the other end of the guide pillar, and a gap is formed between the box body and the box cover; the spring comprises a plurality of disc springs arranged along the axial direction of the spring;

the box body is arranged on the mounting surface of forging equipment, one end of the beam body is a non-forging side, and the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on the box cover;

the non-forging side of the beam body is connected with the elastic box through the box connecting piece; the box body connecting piece comprises an upper box body connecting plate and a lower box body connecting plate hung below the upper box body connecting plate, the upper box body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the non-forging side of the beam body, and the lower box body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the elastic box; the upper box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate are in cylindrical surface contact.

2. The in vitro forging assistive device of claim 1, wherein the guide post is a stepped shaft;

along box to case lid direction, the guide pillar includes spring connecting axle and the case lid connecting axle that connects gradually, the spring connecting axle inserts in the spring, the case lid supports on the case lid connecting axle.

3. The in vitro forging assistive device of claim 2, wherein the diameter of the spring connecting shaft is smaller than that of the box cover connecting shaft.

4. The in vitro forging assistive device of claim 1, wherein the number of the springs is plural;

the ratio of the maximum pressure which can be carried by the plurality of springs to the maximum load of the forging equipment is more than 2.

5. The in vitro forging assistive device of claim 1, wherein the box body is in a form of integral casting or a form of tailor welding of steel plates;

the box cover is in a forged piece form.

6. The in vitro forging aid according to claim 1, wherein the in vitro forging aid is used for in vitro widening, in vitro reaming, in vitro reshaping or in vitro bulging of a tube plate.

7. The auxiliary external forging tool of claim 1, further comprising a hammer head and a forging platform, wherein the other end of the beam body is a forging side, the hammer head is arranged on the forging side of the beam body, the forging platform is arranged right below the hammer head, and the forging side of the beam body is located outside an area defined by the upright posts of the forging equipment.

8. The in vitro forging assistive device of claim 7, further comprising a hammer head connecting member, wherein the hammer head is connected with the forging side of the beam body through the hammer head connecting member;

the hammer head connecting piece comprises an upper hammer head connecting plate and a lower hammer head connecting plate hung below the upper hammer head connecting plate, the upper hammer head connecting plate is fixedly connected with the forging side of the beam body, and the lower hammer head connecting plate is fixedly connected with the hammer head;

and the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate are in spherical contact.

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