CN113617234B - Hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device and method - Google Patents
Hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113617234B CN113617234B CN202110994304.4A CN202110994304A CN113617234B CN 113617234 B CN113617234 B CN 113617234B CN 202110994304 A CN202110994304 A CN 202110994304A CN 113617234 B CN113617234 B CN 113617234B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 461
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 401
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 401
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 376
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010259 detection of temperature stimulus Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- -1 syngas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device and a method, wherein the generating device comprises a fuel gas pretreatment unit, a hydrogen pretreatment unit, at least two stages of hydrogen-mixed fuel generating units and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit; the pipeline of the hydrogen pretreatment unit is divided into two branches which are respectively connected with the primary hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, and the branch of the primary hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit is connected with the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit; the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit comprises a gas injector and a hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, and the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator sequentially comprises a mixing chamber, a rectifying chamber and a diffusion chamber along the gas flow direction. According to the invention, through the structural design of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit, the problem of gas layering when fuel gas and hydrogen are mixed is solved, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability are improved, and the preparation efficiency of the hydrogen-mixed fuel is improved; the device can meet the requirements of different hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen-mixed fuel by arranging the multi-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generation units, and widens the application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas fuels, relates to a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device and method, and particularly relates to a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device and method suitable for fuel supply of a gas turbine.
Background
At present, with the continuous utilization of new energy, hydrogen energy is taken as a green energy, and with the increasingly strict carbon emission, hydrogen fuel becomes a very good alternative fuel. The carbon-containing fuel hydrogen loading such as natural gas is one of the main forms of hydrogen energy utilization, so that the fuel utilization rate can be improved, pollutants generated by the terminal combustion of the natural gas can be reduced, and the gas fuel hydrogen loading such as the natural gas is an important mode for upgrading the energy consumption structure.
The gas turbine is used as an energy conversion device with wide application, has the advantages of less pollution, high efficiency, strong flexibility, compact structure and the like, is widely applied to the field of power generation, and has very important significance for production and life due to reliable, stable and economic operation. Natural gas is the main fuel of active gas turbines, and with the continuous shrinkage of the traditional large-scale gas turbine market for natural gas power generation, the hydrogen-burning gas turbine enters a high-speed development stage, so that the preparation of natural gas and hydrogen mixed fuel and the combustion thereof in the gas turbine are important points of current research.
The burning speed of hydrogen and natural gas is faster, the flame property can be changed due to the change of the mixing ratio of hydrogen in the fuel, and the possibility of backfire phenomenon generated when the natural gas and the hydrogen are co-burnt is far higher than that of natural gas burning, so that higher requirements are provided for the mixing uniformity and burning stability of the hydrogen-mixed fuel. CN 105038885A discloses a preparation system of low-carbon gas fuel and a preparation method thereof, the preparation system comprises a natural gas storage tank, a hydrogen storage tank, a mixer and a mixed gas storage tank, the natural gas storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank are connected with the input end of the mixer, and the output end of the mixer is connected with the mixed gas storage tank; the system only introduces an integral system for mixing natural gas and hydrogen, does not know the specific structure of a mixer and improves the mixing degree of the gas, has poor adjustability and is not easy to control the mixing proportion of the hydrogen.
CN 212819192U discloses a natural gas hydrogen mixing system, which is composed of a natural gas input pipeline, a hydrogen input pipeline, a high-precision static mixer and a mixed gas output pipeline, wherein the natural gas input pipeline and the hydrogen input pipeline are connected to the front part of the high-precision static mixer, the mixed gas output pipeline is connected to the tail end of the high-precision static mixer, a natural gas inlet valve and a natural gas flowmeter are arranged on the natural gas input pipeline, and a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen inlet valve, a cut-off valve, a filter, a pressure regulator, a hydrogen pressure gauge, a hydrogen flowmeter, a check valve and the like are arranged on the hydrogen input pipeline; the device does not describe the structure of the static mixer, and the static mixing mode is unfavorable for the rapid and full mixing of hydrogen and natural gas, so that the heat value is unstable, and the mixed fuel with various mixing proportions is difficult to obtain simultaneously.
In summary, for the formation of the hydrogen-mixed fuel, the device structure needs to be improved to promote the mixing of the two gases, ensure the mixing uniformity, improve the safety of the mixing process, and simultaneously obtain the mixed fuel with more than one component proportion, thereby meeting the application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydrogen mixing fuel generation device and a method, wherein the device is characterized in that fuel gas and hydrogen are mixed in a hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the fuel gas and the hydrogen are improved through the structural design of the hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the component proportion of the hydrogen mixing fuel is convenient to adjust, the hydrogen mixing fuel with different mixing proportions can be obtained rapidly through the arrangement of a multi-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the requirements of users on different hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen mixing fuel are met, and the flexibility of the device is improved.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device, which comprises a fuel gas pretreatment unit, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit;
the hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit at least comprises two stages, namely a first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and a second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, wherein the outlet of the fuel gas pretreatment unit is connected with the inlet of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the pipeline of the hydrogen pretreatment unit is divided into two branches, the two branches are respectively connected with the inlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the outlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit are correspondingly connected with the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit, and the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit is divided into a pipeline which is connected with the inlet of the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit;
The hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit comprises a gas injector and a hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, wherein an outlet of the gas injector extends into the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is provided with a fuel gas inlet, the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator sequentially comprises a mixing chamber, a rectifying chamber and a diffusion chamber along a gas flow direction, the mixing chamber is in a conical shrinkage tube structure along the gas flow direction, the rectifying chamber is in an equal-diameter tube structure, and the diffusion chamber is in an expansion tube structure.
In the invention, for the preparation of the hydrogen-mixed fuel, a proper device is required to be selected to realize the rapid and uniform mixing of fuel gas and hydrogen, and the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device is divided into a fuel gas pretreatment unit, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit on the whole, so that the forming process of the hydrogen-mixed fuel is clarified, wherein the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit is at least provided with two stages, such as two stages, three stages or four stages, and the like, the hydrogen-mixed fuel obtained in the upper stage is again doped, the step mixing of the fuel gas and the hydrogen is realized, the hydrogen-mixed fuel with different hydrogen ratios is conveniently obtained, and the requirements of different users are met; the structure of the hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit comprises a gas injector and a hydrogen mixing fuel generator, the gas injector can convert the pressure energy of high-pressure gas into kinetic energy, the relatively low-pressure fuel gas is injected and mixed by utilizing higher injection speed, then the hydrogen and the fuel gas are mixed, rectified and pressure is recovered through structural division in the hydrogen mixing fuel generator, the energy consumption loss in the fuel mixing process is reduced, the mixing uniformity and the gas supply stability are improved, the hydrogen mixing fuel preparation efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the popularization and the application of the hydrogen mixing fuel are facilitated.
The following technical scheme is a preferred technical scheme of the invention, but is not a limitation of the technical scheme provided by the invention, and the technical purpose and beneficial effects of the invention can be better achieved and realized through the following technical scheme.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel gas pretreatment unit includes a fuel gas input line and a component disposed on the fuel gas input line.
Preferably, the components on the fuel gas input line include, in order, a fuel gas inlet connection, a fuel gas inlet isolation valve, a fuel gas flow meter, a fuel gas pressure transmitter, a fuel gas thermometer, a fuel gas shut-off valve, a fuel gas control valve, a fuel gas pressure regulator valve, and a fuel gas check valve.
Preferably, the fuel gas pretreatment unit further comprises a first purge gas charging module, an outlet of which is connected to an inlet section of the fuel gas input line, and a fuel gas safety relief module, an inlet of which is connected to the fuel gas input line.
In the invention, the fuel gas pretreatment unit is mainly used for treating and transporting the fuel gas before mixing, wherein the fuel gas inlet joint is mainly used for insulating and isolating the fuel gas pretreatment unit from a pipeline at the upstream thereof, namely, the inlet joint is made of insulating materials so as to protect equipment from electrochemical corrosion and prolong the service life; the fuel gas inlet isolation valve is used for cutting off the supply of upstream fuel gas; the fuel gas flowmeter is used for measuring the inlet flow of the fuel gas and has the calculation functions of instantaneous flow and accumulated flow; the fuel gas pressure transmitter is used for measuring the inlet pressure of the fuel gas; the fuel gas thermometer is used for measuring the inlet air temperature of the fuel gas; the fuel gas cut-off valve is used for rapidly cutting off the fuel gas supply in accident working conditions; the fuel gas control valve is used for adjusting the flow of fuel gas entering the downstream; the fuel gas pressure regulating valve is used for regulating and stabilizing the fuel gas to the pressure required by the downstream hydrogen-mixed fuel generator; the fuel gas check valve is used for preventing backflow of fuel gas at the outlet of the pretreatment unit.
In the invention, the purge gas in the first purge gas filling module mainly selects protective gas such as nitrogen, inert gas and the like for purging the fuel gas pretreatment unit, and the pipeline and equipment combustible gas in the unit are purged during start-stop and overhaul maintenance to prevent explosion; the fuel gas safety diffusing module is used for normal diffusing of fuel gas and overpressure safety protection of the unit during unit shutdown and overhaul maintenance.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the hydrogen pretreatment unit comprises a hydrogen input pipeline and a component arranged on the hydrogen input pipeline.
Preferably, the hydrogen input pipeline comprises a main hydrogen input pipeline and at least two branch hydrogen input pipelines, such as two, three or four stages.
Preferably, the components on the hydrogen input main pipeline sequentially comprise a hydrogen inlet connector, a hydrogen inlet isolation valve, a hydrogen flowmeter, a hydrogen pressure transmitter, a hydrogen thermometer and a hydrogen shut-off valve.
Preferably, when the hydrogen input branch pipeline comprises two sections, a first-stage hydrogen control valve, a first-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve and a first-stage hydrogen check valve are sequentially arranged on the branch pipeline connected with the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, and a second-stage hydrogen cut-off valve, a second-stage hydrogen control valve, a second-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve and a second-stage hydrogen check valve are sequentially arranged on the branch pipeline connected with the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit.
Preferably, the hydrogen pretreatment unit further comprises a second purge gas charging module and a hydrogen safety discharging module, wherein an outlet of the second purge gas charging module is connected to an inlet section of the hydrogen input pipeline, and an inlet of the hydrogen safety discharging module is connected to the hydrogen input main pipeline.
In the invention, the hydrogen pretreatment unit is mainly used for treating and transporting the hydrogen before mixing, wherein the hydrogen inlet joint is mainly used for insulating and isolating the hydrogen pretreatment unit from a pipeline at the upstream thereof, namely, the inlet joint is made of insulating materials, so that the equipment is protected from electrochemical corrosion, and the service life is prolonged; the hydrogen inlet isolation valve is used for cutting off the supply of upstream hydrogen; the hydrogen flowmeter is used for measuring the inlet air flow of hydrogen and has the calculation functions of instantaneous flow and accumulated flow; the hydrogen pressure transmitter is used for measuring the inlet pressure of hydrogen; the hydrogen thermometer is used for measuring the inlet air temperature of hydrogen; the hydrogen shut-off valve is used for rapidly shutting off the supply of hydrogen in the accident condition; the primary and secondary hydrogen control valves are used for adjusting the flow of hydrogen entering downstream; the first-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve and the second-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve are used for regulating and stabilizing hydrogen to the pressure required by the downstream hydrogen mixing fuel generator; the primary and secondary hydrogen check valve is used for preventing the hydrogen at the outlet of the pretreatment unit from flowing backwards; the secondary hydrogen shut-off valve is used for shutting off the supply of hydrogen to the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit upstream.
In addition, a first differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the fuel gas pretreatment unit and the hydrogen pretreatment unit, specifically between a pipeline in front of a fuel gas check valve and a pipeline in front of a primary hydrogen check valve, and is used for monitoring the differential pressure between the outlet hydrogen of a primary branch of the hydrogen pretreatment unit and the fuel gas of an outlet of the fuel gas pretreatment unit.
In the invention, the purge gas in the second purge gas filling module mainly selects protective gas such as nitrogen, inert gas and the like for purging the hydrogen pretreatment unit and the hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit, and the pipeline and the equipment combustible gas in the unit are purged during start-stop and overhaul maintenance to prevent explosion; the hydrogen safety release module is used for normal release of hydrogen and overpressure safety protection of the unit during unit shutdown and overhaul maintenance.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit comprises a primary gas injector and a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, and the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit comprises a secondary gas injector and a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator.
Preferably, the gas injector comprises a gas injection pump connected with the outlet of the hydrogen gas input pipeline, and the tail end of the gas injector is provided with a nozzle.
Preferably, the direction of the injection of hydrogen gas by the nozzle of the gas injector is perpendicular to the direction of the injection of fuel gas by the fuel gas inlet.
In the invention, the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit is mainly used for realizing effective mixing of fuel gas and hydrogen gas and generating uniform hydrogen-mixed fuel with specific hydrogen-mixed concentration and gas supply parameters; the gas injector is used for injecting high-pressure hydrogen, converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen into kinetic energy, obtaining higher speed when the hydrogen is injected through the nozzle, injecting and mixing fuel gas with relatively low pressure around; the mixed hydrogen fuel generator is used for mixing, rectifying and diffusing the mixed hydrogen fuel, the mixing chamber is used for providing a mixing space for hydrogen and fuel gas, the rectifying chamber is used for improving mixing uniformity and realizing effective rectifying, the diffusion chamber is used for recovering the pressure of the mixed hydrogen fuel, the speed loss of an outlet of the generator is reduced, if the diffusion chamber structure is lacking, the mixed hydrogen fuel still maintains higher kinetic energy, the static pressure recovery is insufficient, the residual speed loss is large, the pipeline along-path loss is large, and the air supply pressure of the downstream mixed hydrogen fuel is reduced.
Preferably, the diameter of the inlet end of the mixing chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 2 to 2.5 times, such as 2 times, 2.1 times, 2.2 times, 2.3 times, 2.4 times, or 2.5 times, the diameter of the outlet end, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the length of the mixing chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 1.8 to 5 times, for example 1.8 times, 2.5 times, 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 times or 5 times, etc., the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the diameter of the rectifying chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber.
Preferably, the length of the rectifying chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 1 to 4 times, for example, 1 time, 1.5 times, 2 times, 2.5 times, 3 times, 3.5 times, or 4 times, the diameter of the rectifying chamber, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the recited values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the expansion angle of the diffusion chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 5 to 9 degrees, for example, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, or the like, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is the same as that of the rectifying chamber, and the length of the diffusion chamber is 3.5-6 times, for example, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 times, 5 times, 5.5 times, or 6 times, etc., of the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the values are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit comprises a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline and a component arranged on the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
Preferably, the components on the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a primary gas component analysis processor, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel flowmeter, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure transmitter, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel thermometer, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure regulating valve, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve, a primary outlet filter, a primary outlet pressure transmitter and a primary outlet cut-off valve.
Preferably, the primary gas component analysis processor is electrically connected with the fuel gas control valve and the primary hydrogen control valve.
Preferably, the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit further comprises a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module, and an inlet of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module is connected to a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
Preferably, the inlet of the branch pipeline of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline is arranged between the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve and the primary outlet filter, and the branch pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline outlet cut-off valve.
In the invention, the hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit is used for treating and delivering hydrogen-containing fuel gas mixed according to a specific proportion; the gas component analysis processor is used for analyzing the components of the hydrogen-mixed fuel at the outlet of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator in real time, calculating the heat value of the hydrogen-mixed fuel, sending feedback signals to the fuel gas control valve and the hydrogen control valve, dynamically regulating the opening of the fuel gas control valve and the opening of the hydrogen control valve in real time, controlling the flow ratio of the fuel gas to the hydrogen, and realizing the dynamic adjustment of the concentration of the hydrogen-mixed fuel; the hydrogen mixing fuel flowmeter is used for measuring the flow of hydrogen mixing fuel and has the calculation functions of instantaneous flow and accumulated flow; the hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure transmitter is used for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen-mixed fuel before pressure regulation; the hydrogen mixing fuel thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen mixing fuel; the hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure regulating valve is used for regulating and stabilizing the hydrogen-mixed fuel to the pressure required by a user; the hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve is used for preventing the outlet hydrogen-mixed fuel from flowing backwards; the outlet filter is used for separating solid particles and small liquid drops in the hydrogen-mixed fuel, so that the quality requirement of a user on the hydrogen-mixed fuel is met; the outlet pressure transmitter is used for measuring the outlet pressure of the hydrogen-mixed fuel mother pipe; the outlet shutoff valve is used for shutting off the supply of the hydrogen-mixed fuel to the user.
In the invention, the hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module is used for normal release of the hydrogen-mixed fuel and overpressure safety protection of the unit during the shutdown, overhauling and maintenance of the hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit; the branch pipe outlet shutoff valve provided on the branch pipe is used to shut off the supply of the hydrogen-mixed fuel to the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit comprises a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline and a component arranged on the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
Preferably, the components on the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a secondary gas component analysis processor, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel flowmeter, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure transmitter, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel thermometer, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure regulating valve, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve, a secondary outlet filter, a secondary outlet pressure transmitter and a secondary outlet cut-off valve.
Preferably, the secondary gas composition analysis processor is electrically connected with a secondary hydrogen control valve.
Preferably, the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit further comprises a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module, and an inlet of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module is connected to a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
In the invention, the corresponding components on the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit have the same functions as those in the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit, except that a second differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the branch pipeline of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline and the front of the secondary hydrogen check valve on the hydrogen input branch pipeline and used for monitoring the differential pressure of the outlet hydrogen of the secondary branch pipeline of the hydrogen pre-treatment unit and the hydrogen-mixed fuel at the outlet of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a hydrogen-blended fuel using the above-described generating apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) After the fuel gas and the hydrogen are independently pretreated, the fuel gas is led into a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit, the hydrogen is divided into at least two parts, one part of the hydrogen is injected into the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit to be mixed with the fuel gas, rectified and diffused, and then the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-treatment;
(2) And (3) injecting the other part of hydrogen in the step (1) into a secondary hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, simultaneously introducing part of the primary hydrogen mixing fuel obtained in the step (1) into the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel obtained in the step (1), mixing with hydrogen, rectifying and diffusing, and performing aftertreatment to obtain the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel gas in step (1) includes any one or a combination of at least two of natural gas, synthetic gas, liquefied petroleum gas or coal gas, and the combination is typically, but not limited to,: a combination of natural gas and synthesis gas, a combination of synthesis gas and liquefied petroleum gas, a combination of natural gas, synthesis gas and gas, a combination of synthesis gas, liquefied petroleum gas and gas, and the like.
In the invention, the fuel gas is not specific to natural gas, but can also comprise synthetic gas, liquefied petroleum gas or low-heat value gas and other gas fuels suitable for gas turbines.
Preferably, the pretreatment of the fuel gas and the hydrogen gas in step (1) independently comprises detection of temperature, pressure and flow rate and regulation of pressure and flow rate.
Preferably, the pressure of the fuel gas before being introduced into the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit in the step (1) is 1.6 to 4MPa, for example, 1.6MPa, 2MPa, 2.5MPa, 3MPa, 3.5MPa or 4MPa, etc., but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are equally applicable; the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃, for example, 5 ℃,10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃,30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, or the like, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the pressure of the hydrogen before being injected into the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit in the step (1) is 10 to 70MPa, for example, 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, 50MPa, 60MPa or 70MPa, etc., but the pressure is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the values are equally applicable; the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃, for example, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃,50 ℃, or the like, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rate at which the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel in the step (1) leaves the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit is 10 to 30m/s, for example, 10m/s, 15m/s, 20m/s, 25m/s, 30m/s, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the post-treatment in the step (1) comprises component analysis of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of flow, temperature and pressure, pressure regulation and gas filtration.
Preferably, the pressure of the primary hydrogen-blended fuel in the step (1) is 1.6 to 4MPa, for example, 1.6MPa, 2MPa, 2.5MPa, 3MPa, 3.5MPa or 4MPa, etc., but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable; the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃, for example, 5 ℃,10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, or the like, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the volume fraction of hydrogen in the primary hydrogen-blended fuel in step (1) is 10-80%, such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% or 80%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the hydrogen gas before being injected into the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit in the step (2) is 10 to 70MPa, for example, 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, 50MPa, 60MPa or 70MPa, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the listed values, and other non-listed values within the range of values are equally applicable; the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃, for example, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃,30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, or the like, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the rate at which the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel in step (2) leaves the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel generating unit is 10 to 30m/s, for example, 10m/s, 15m/s, 20m/s, 25m/s, 30m/s, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the post-treatment in the step (2) comprises component analysis of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of flow, temperature and pressure, pressure regulation and gas filtration.
Preferably, the pressure of the secondary hydrogen-blended fuel in the step (2) is 1.6-4 MPa, for example, 1.6MPa, 2MPa, 2.5MPa, 3MPa, 3.5MPa or 4MPa, etc., but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are equally applicable; the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃, for example, 5 ℃,10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, or the like, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the volume fraction of hydrogen in the secondary hydrogen-blended fuel in step (2) is 35-95%, such as 35%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In the invention, when the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen-mixed fuel prepared by the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator can not meet the requirement of a user, the step series connection of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator gradually increases the mixing proportion of hydrogen in the hydrogen-mixed fuel in a grading manner until the requirement of the user is met, and the series connection stage number is determined according to the requirement of the hydrogen concentration of the user.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the device, the fuel gas and the hydrogen are mixed in the hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the relatively low-pressure fuel gas is ejected and mixed by utilizing the higher injection speed of the hydrogen through the structural design of the hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, then the hydrogen and the fuel gas are mixed, rectified and pressure recovered, the external energy consumption in the fuel mixing process is reduced, the problem of gas layering when the traditional fuel gas and the hydrogen are mixed is solved, the generation mode of the hydrogen mixing fuel is innovated, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the two are improved, the white index fluctuation range of the hydrogen mixing fuel can be controlled within +/-5% of a target value, the electric energy is not additionally consumed in the mixing process, the preparation efficiency of the hydrogen mixing gas fuel is improved, and the preparation cost is reduced;
(2) According to the device, through the arrangement of the multi-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation units, hydrogen mixing fuels with different mixing proportions can be obtained quickly, the requirements of users on different hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen mixing fuels are met, the flexibility of the configuration of the hydrogen mixing fuels is improved, and the application range of the preparation scheme of the hydrogen mixing fuels is widened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Wherein the device comprises a 1-fuel gas pretreatment unit, a 11-fuel gas inlet connector, a 12-fuel gas inlet isolation valve, a 13-fuel gas flowmeter, a 14-fuel gas pressure transmitter, a 15-fuel gas thermometer, a 16-fuel gas shut-off valve, a 17-fuel gas control valve, a 18-fuel gas pressure regulating valve, a 19-fuel gas check valve, a 110-first purge gas charging module, a 111-fuel gas safety discharging module, a 2-hydrogen pretreatment unit, a 21-hydrogen inlet connector, a 22-hydrogen inlet isolation valve, a 23-hydrogen flowmeter, a 24-hydrogen pressure transmitter, a 25-hydrogen thermometer, a 26-hydrogen shut-off valve, a 271-first hydrogen control valve, a 281-first hydrogen pressure regulating valve, a 291-first hydrogen check valve, 262-second-level hydrogen cut-off valve, 272-second-level hydrogen control valve, 282-second-level hydrogen pressure regulating valve, 292-second-level hydrogen check valve, 210-second purge gas charging module, 211-hydrogen safety discharging module, 3-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit, 31-first-level gas injector, 32-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel generator, 321-mixing chamber, 322-rectifying chamber, 323-diffusion chamber, 4-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit, 41-first-level gas composition analysis processor, 42-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel flowmeter, 43-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel pressure transmitter, 44-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel thermometer, 45-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel pressure regulating valve, 46-first-level hydrogen mixing fuel check valve, the system comprises a 47-stage outlet filter, a 48-stage outlet pressure transmitter, a 49-stage outlet cut-off valve, a 410-stage hydrogen mixing fuel safety relief module, a 411-branch pipeline outlet cut-off valve, a 5-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, a 51-stage gas injector, a 52-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generator, a 6-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit, a 61-stage gas component analysis processor, a 62-stage hydrogen mixing fuel flowmeter, a 63-stage hydrogen mixing fuel pressure transmitter, a 64-stage hydrogen mixing fuel thermometer, a 65-stage hydrogen mixing fuel pressure regulating valve, a 66-stage hydrogen mixing fuel check valve, a 67-stage outlet filter, a 68-stage outlet pressure transmitter, a 69-stage outlet cut-off valve and a 610-stage hydrogen mixing fuel safety relief module.
Detailed Description
For better illustrating the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is convenient to understand, and the present invention is further described in detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
The following are exemplary but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and the generating device comprises a fuel gas pretreatment unit 1, a hydrogen pretreatment unit 2, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit;
The hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit comprises two stages, namely a first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 3 and a second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 5, the outlet of the fuel gas pretreatment unit 1 is connected with the inlet of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 3, the pipeline of the hydrogen pretreatment unit 2 is divided into two branches, the two branches are respectively connected with the inlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 3 and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 5, the outlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 3 and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 5 are correspondingly connected with a first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit 4 and a second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit 6, and the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit 4 is divided into a pipeline which is connected with the inlet of the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit 5;
The schematic structural diagram of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 is shown in fig. 2, and includes a primary gas injector 31 and a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32, wherein an outlet of the primary gas injector 31 extends into the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32, the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is provided with a fuel gas inlet, the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 sequentially includes a mixing chamber 321, a rectifying chamber 322 and a diffusion chamber 323 along the gas flow direction, the mixing chamber 321 is in a conical shrinkage tube structure along the gas flow direction, the rectifying chamber 322 is in an equal-diameter tube structure, and the diffusion chamber 323 is in an expansion tube structure;
The secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5 includes a secondary gas injector 51 and a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52, and the secondary gas injector 51 and the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52 have the same structure as the corresponding primary gas injector 31 and primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32.
The fuel gas pretreatment unit 1 includes a fuel gas input line and components provided on the fuel gas input line.
The components on the fuel gas input line include, in order, a fuel gas inlet connection 11, a fuel gas inlet isolation valve 12, a fuel gas flow meter 13, a fuel gas pressure transmitter 14, a fuel gas thermometer 15, a fuel gas shut-off valve 16, a fuel gas control valve 17, a fuel gas pressure regulating valve 18, and a fuel gas check valve 19.
The fuel gas pretreatment unit 1 further comprises a first purge gas charging module 110 and a fuel gas safety discharging module 111, wherein an outlet of the first purge gas charging module 110 is connected to an inlet section of a fuel gas input pipeline, and an inlet of the fuel gas safety discharging module 111 is connected to the fuel gas input pipeline; the purge gas is nitrogen.
The hydrogen pretreatment unit 2 comprises a hydrogen input pipeline and a component arranged on the hydrogen input pipeline; the hydrogen input pipeline comprises a section of hydrogen input main pipeline and two sections of hydrogen input branch pipelines.
The components on the hydrogen input main pipeline sequentially comprise a hydrogen inlet joint 21, a hydrogen inlet isolation valve 22, a hydrogen flowmeter 23, a hydrogen pressure transmitter 24, a hydrogen thermometer 25 and a hydrogen shut-off valve 26;
the hydrogen input branch pipeline comprises two sections, a first-stage hydrogen control valve 271, a first-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve 281 and a first-stage hydrogen check valve 291 are sequentially arranged on a branch pipeline connected with the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit 3, and a second-stage hydrogen cut-off valve 262, a second-stage hydrogen control valve 272, a second-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve 282 and a second-stage hydrogen check valve 292 are sequentially arranged on a branch pipeline connected with the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit 5;
The hydrogen pretreatment unit 2 further comprises a second purge gas charging module 210 and a hydrogen safety discharging module 211, wherein an outlet of the second purge gas charging module 210 is connected to an inlet section of a hydrogen input pipeline, and an inlet of the hydrogen safety discharging module 211 is connected to a hydrogen input main pipeline; the purge gas is nitrogen.
The primary gas injector 31 comprises a gas injection pump connected with an outlet of the hydrogen input pipeline, and a nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the primary gas injector 31; the direction in which the nozzles of the primary gas injector 31 inject hydrogen gas is perpendicular to the direction in which the fuel gas inlet injects fuel gas.
The diameter of the inlet end of the mixing chamber 321 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 2 times that of the outlet end, and the length of the mixing chamber 321 is 3 times that of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321; the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321, and the length of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 2.5 times the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322; the expansion angle of the diffusion chamber 323 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 8 degrees, the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323 is the same as the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322, and the length of the diffusion chamber 323 is 5 times the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323.
The primary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit 4 comprises a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline and components arranged on the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
The components on the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a primary gas component analysis processor 41, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel flowmeter 42, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure transmitter 43, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel thermometer 44, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure regulating valve 45, a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve 46, a primary outlet filter 47, a primary outlet pressure transmitter 48 and a primary outlet cut-off valve 49.
The primary gas component analyzing processor 41 is electrically connected to the fuel gas control valve 17 and the primary hydrogen control valve 271.
The primary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-processing unit 4 further comprises a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module 410, and an inlet of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module 410 is connected to a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
The inlet of the branch pipeline of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline is arranged between the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve 46 and the primary outlet filter 47, and the branch pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline outlet cut-off valve 411.
The secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel after-treatment unit 6 comprises a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline and components arranged on the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
The components on the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a secondary gas component analysis processor 61, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel flowmeter 62, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure transmitter 63, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel thermometer 64, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel pressure regulating valve 65, a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve 66, a secondary outlet filter 67, a secondary outlet pressure transmitter 68 and a secondary outlet shut-off valve 69.
The secondary gas composition analyzing processor 61 is electrically connected to a secondary hydrogen control valve 272.
The secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit 6 further comprises a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module 610, and an inlet of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel safety release module 610 is connected to a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel output pipeline.
Example 2:
The embodiment provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device, which comprises a fuel gas pretreatment unit 1, a hydrogen pretreatment unit 2, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit;
The structures of the fuel gas pretreatment unit 1, the hydrogen pretreatment unit 2, and the hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: the diameter of the inlet end of the mixing chamber 321 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 in the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit is 2.5 times that of the outlet end, and the length of the mixing chamber 321 is 2 times that of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321; the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321, and the length of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 1 time of the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322; the expansion angle of the diffusion chamber 323 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 5 degrees, the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323 is the same as the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322, and the length of the diffusion chamber 323 is 3.5 times the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323.
The structure of the secondary hydrogen-blended fuel generator 52 is the same as that of the primary hydrogen-blended fuel generator 32.
Example 3:
The embodiment provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device, which comprises a fuel gas pretreatment unit 1, a hydrogen pretreatment unit 2, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit;
The structures of the fuel gas pretreatment unit 1, the hydrogen pretreatment unit 2, and the hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: the diameter of the inlet end of the mixing chamber 321 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 in the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit is 2.2 times that of the outlet end, and the length of the mixing chamber 321 is 5 times that of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321; the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber 321, and the length of the rectifying chamber 322 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 4 times the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322; the expansion angle of the diffusion chamber 323 of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 32 is 7 degrees, the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323 is the same as the diameter of the rectifying chamber 322, and the length of the diffusion chamber 323 is 6 times the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber 323.
In the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52, the diameter of the inlet end of the mixing chamber is 2.4 times that of the outlet end, and the length of the mixing chamber is 4 times that of the outlet end of the mixing chamber; the diameter of the rectifying chamber of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52 is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber, and the length of the rectifying chamber of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52 is 3 times the diameter of the rectifying chamber; the expansion angle of the diffusion chamber of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generator 52 is 6 degrees, the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber is the same as that of the rectifying chamber, and the length of the diffusion chamber is 4 times that of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber.
Example 4:
this embodiment provides a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating apparatus, the structure of which is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: the hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit comprises three stages, namely a first-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 3, a second-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 5 and a third-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit, wherein the pipeline of the hydrogen pretreatment unit 2 is divided into three branches, the three branches are respectively connected with inlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 3, the second-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 5 and the third-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit, and outlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 3, the second-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit 5 and the third-stage hydrogen mixed fuel generating unit are correspondingly connected with a first-stage hydrogen mixed fuel post-treatment unit 4, a second-stage hydrogen mixed fuel post-treatment unit 6 and a third-stage hydrogen mixed fuel post-treatment unit; the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel after-treatment unit 4 is connected with an inlet of the second-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 5 by a branch pipeline, and the second-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel after-treatment unit 6 is connected with an inlet of the third-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit by a branch pipeline.
The structure of the three-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit is the same as that of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit 3, and components which are the same as those of the second-stage branch pipeline of the hydrogen input pipeline and the output pipeline of the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit 6 are correspondingly arranged on the third-stage branch pipeline of the hydrogen input pipeline and the output pipeline of the three-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit.
Example 5:
The embodiment provides a method for generating hydrogen-mixed fuel, which is performed by adopting the device in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) After the fuel gas and the hydrogen are independently preprocessed, the preprocessing independently comprises detection of the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the fuel gas and adjustment of the pressure and the flow of the hydrogen, the fuel gas is fed into a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3, the pressure before the fuel gas is fed is 2.5MPa, the temperature is 20 ℃, the hydrogen is divided into two parts, one part of the fuel gas is injected into the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 to be mixed with the fuel gas, rectification and diffusion, the pressure before the hydrogen is injected into the fuel gas is 40MPa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-processing, wherein the post-processing comprises component analysis of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of the flow, the temperature and the pressure, pressure adjustment and gas filtration, the speed of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 is 20m/s, the pressure is 3MPa, and the temperature is 20 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is 50%;
(2) And (2) injecting the other part of hydrogen in the step (1) into a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen before injection is 40MPa, the temperature is 20 ℃, simultaneously, the part of primary hydrogen-mixed fuel obtained in the step (1) is introduced to be mixed with hydrogen, rectified and diffused, and then the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-treatment, wherein the post-treatment comprises component analysis of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of flow, temperature and pressure, pressure regulation and gas filtration, the rate of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5 is 20m/s, the pressure is 3MPa, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is 75%.
In the embodiment, the method is adopted to prepare the hydrogen-mixed fuel, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the fuel gas and the hydrogen are higher, the fluctuation range of the bloom index of the hydrogen-mixed fuel can be controlled within +/-4% of the target value, the preparation efficiency is high, the hydrogen-mixed fuels with different hydrogen concentrations can be obtained at the same time, and the diversified demands of users are met.
Example 6:
The embodiment provides a method for generating hydrogen-mixed fuel, which is performed by adopting the device in embodiment 2, and comprises the following steps:
(1) After the fuel gas and the hydrogen are independently preprocessed, the preprocessing independently comprises detection of the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the fuel gas and adjustment of the pressure and the flow of the hydrogen, the fuel gas is fed into a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3, the pressure before the fuel gas is fed is 1.6MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, the hydrogen is divided into two parts, one part of the fuel gas is injected into the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 to be mixed with the fuel gas, rectification and diffusion, the pressure before the hydrogen is injected into the fuel gas is 10MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-processing, wherein the post-processing comprises component analysis of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of the flow, the temperature and the pressure, pressure adjustment and gas filtration, the speed of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 is 30m/s, the pressure is 2MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is 25%;
(2) And (2) injecting the other part of hydrogen in the step (1) into a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen before injection is 10MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, simultaneously, the part of primary hydrogen-mixed fuel obtained in the step (1) is introduced to be mixed with hydrogen, rectified and diffused, and then the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-treatment, wherein the post-treatment comprises component analysis of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of flow, temperature and pressure, pressure regulation and gas filtration, the rate of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5 is 30m/s, the pressure is 2MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is 40%.
In the embodiment, the method is adopted to prepare the hydrogen-mixed fuel, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the fuel gas and the hydrogen are higher, the fluctuation range of the bloom index of the hydrogen-mixed fuel can be controlled within +/-5% of the target value, the preparation efficiency is high, the hydrogen-mixed fuels with different hydrogen concentrations can be obtained at the same time, and the diversified demands of users are met.
Example 7:
the embodiment provides a method for generating hydrogen-mixed fuel, which is performed by adopting the device in embodiment 3, and comprises the following steps:
(1) After the fuel gas and the hydrogen are independently preprocessed, the preprocessing independently comprises detection of the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the fuel gas and adjustment of the pressure and the flow of the hydrogen, the fuel gas is fed into a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3, the pressure before the fuel gas is fed is 3.5MPa, the temperature is 10 ℃, the hydrogen is divided into two parts, one part of the fuel gas is injected into the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 to be mixed with the fuel gas, rectification and diffusion, the pressure before the hydrogen is injected into the fuel gas is 70MPa, the temperature is 10 ℃, and the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained after the post-processing, wherein the post-processing comprises component analysis, flow, temperature and pressure detection, pressure adjustment and gas filtration of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel, the speed of the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit 3 is 10m/s, the pressure is 4MPa, the temperature is 10 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is 70%;
(2) And (2) injecting the other part of hydrogen in the step (1) into a secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen before injection is 60MPa, the temperature is 10 ℃, simultaneously, the part of primary hydrogen-mixed fuel obtained in the step (1) is introduced to be mixed with hydrogen, rectified and diffused, and then the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-treatment, wherein the post-treatment comprises component analysis of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel, detection of flow, temperature and pressure, pressure regulation and gas filtration, the rate of the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel leaving the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit 5 is 10m/s, the pressure is 4MPa, the temperature is 10 ℃, and the volume fraction of the hydrogen in the secondary hydrogen-mixed fuel is 90%.
In the embodiment, the method is adopted to prepare the hydrogen-mixed fuel, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the fuel gas and the hydrogen are higher, the fluctuation range of the bloom index of the hydrogen-mixed fuel can be controlled within +/-4.5% of the target value, the preparation efficiency is high, the hydrogen-mixed fuels with different hydrogen-containing concentrations can be obtained at the same time, and the diversified demands of users are met.
According to the device, the fuel gas and the hydrogen are mixed in the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit, the relatively low-pressure fuel gas is ejected and mixed by utilizing the higher injection speed of the hydrogen through the structural design of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit, then the hydrogen and the fuel gas are mixed, rectified and pressure is recovered, the external energy consumption in the fuel mixing process is reduced, the problem of gas layering in the traditional fuel gas and hydrogen mixing process is solved, the generation mode of the hydrogen-mixed fuel is innovated, the mixing uniformity and the heat value stability of the hydrogen-mixed fuel are improved, the preparation efficiency of the hydrogen-doped gas fuel is improved, and the preparation cost is reduced; the device can quickly obtain the hydrogen-mixed fuel with different mixing ratios through the arrangement of the multi-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generation unit, meets the requirements of users on different hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen-mixed fuel, increases the flexibility of the configuration of the hydrogen-mixed fuel, and widens the application range of the hydrogen-mixed fuel preparation scheme.
The applicant states that the detailed apparatus and method of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the detailed apparatus and method, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented by the detailed apparatus and method. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the apparatus of the present invention, addition of auxiliary apparatus, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (41)
1. The hydrogen-mixed fuel generating device is characterized by comprising a fuel gas pretreatment unit, a hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit and a hydrogen-mixed fuel post-treatment unit;
the hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit at least comprises two stages, namely a first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and a second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, wherein the outlet of the fuel gas pretreatment unit is connected with the inlet of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the pipeline of the hydrogen pretreatment unit is divided into two branches, the two branches are respectively connected with the inlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, the outlets of the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit are correspondingly connected with the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit and the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit, and the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel post-treatment unit is divided into a pipeline which is connected with the inlet of the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit;
The hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit comprises a gas injector and a hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, wherein an outlet of the gas injector extends into the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator, the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is provided with a fuel gas inlet, the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator sequentially comprises a mixing chamber, a rectifying chamber and a diffusion chamber along a gas flow direction, the mixing chamber is in a conical shrinkage tube structure along the gas flow direction, the rectifying chamber is in an equal-diameter tube structure, and the diffusion chamber is in an expansion tube structure.
2. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the fuel gas pretreatment unit comprises a fuel gas input line and an assembly disposed on the fuel gas input line.
3. The generating device of claim 2, wherein the components on the fuel gas input line include, in order, a fuel gas inlet connection, a fuel gas inlet isolation valve, a fuel gas flow meter, a fuel gas pressure transmitter, a fuel gas thermometer, a fuel gas shut-off valve, a fuel gas control valve, a fuel gas pressure regulator valve, and a fuel gas check valve.
4. A generator according to claim 3, wherein the fuel gas pretreatment unit further comprises a first purge gas charging module and a fuel gas safety vent module, the outlet of the first purge gas charging module being connected to the inlet section of the fuel gas input line, the inlet of the fuel gas safety vent module being connected to the fuel gas input line.
5. The generating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen pretreatment unit comprises a hydrogen input line and a component disposed on the hydrogen input line.
6. The generating device of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen input line comprises a main hydrogen input line and at least two branch hydrogen input lines.
7. The generating device of claim 6, wherein the components on the hydrogen input main pipeline comprise, in order, a hydrogen inlet connection, a hydrogen inlet isolation valve, a hydrogen flow meter, a hydrogen pressure transmitter, a hydrogen thermometer, and a hydrogen shut-off valve.
8. The generating device according to claim 6, wherein when the hydrogen input branch pipe comprises two sections, a first-stage hydrogen control valve, a first-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve and a first-stage hydrogen check valve are sequentially arranged on the branch pipe connected with the first-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit, and a second-stage hydrogen shut-off valve, a second-stage hydrogen control valve, a second-stage hydrogen pressure regulating valve and a second-stage hydrogen check valve are sequentially arranged on the branch pipe connected with the second-stage hydrogen mixing fuel generating unit.
9. The generating apparatus of claim 6, wherein the hydrogen pretreatment unit further comprises a second sweep gas charging module and a hydrogen safety vent module, an outlet of the second sweep gas charging module being connected to an inlet section of the hydrogen input line, an inlet of the hydrogen safety vent module being connected to the hydrogen input main line.
10. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the primary hydrogen-blended fuel generating unit comprises a primary gas injector and a primary hydrogen-blended fuel generator, and the secondary hydrogen-blended fuel generating unit comprises a secondary gas injector and a secondary hydrogen-blended fuel generator.
11. The generating apparatus of claim 5, wherein the gas injector comprises a gas injection pump connected to the outlet of the hydrogen gas inlet line, the gas injector having a nozzle at a distal end thereof.
12. The generating device of claim 11, wherein the direction in which the nozzle of the gas injector injects hydrogen gas is perpendicular to the direction in which the fuel gas inlet injects fuel gas.
13. The generating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mixing chamber of the hydrogen-blended fuel generator has an inlet end diameter that is 2 to 2.5 times the outlet end diameter.
14. The generating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of the mixing chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 1.8 to 5 times the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber.
15. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the flow straightening chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is the same as the diameter of the outlet end of the mixing chamber.
16. The generating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of the rectifying chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 1 to 4 times the diameter of the rectifying chamber.
17. The generator of claim 1, wherein the divergence angle of the diffusion chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is 5 to 9 degrees.
18. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber of the hydrogen-mixed fuel generator is the same as the diameter of the rectifying chamber, and the length of the diffusion chamber is 3.5-6 times the diameter of the inlet end of the diffusion chamber.
19. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the primary mixed hydrogen fuel aftertreatment unit includes a primary mixed hydrogen fuel output conduit and an assembly disposed on the primary mixed hydrogen fuel output conduit.
20. The generating device of claim 19, wherein the components on the primary mixed hydrogen fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a primary gas composition analysis processor, a primary mixed hydrogen fuel flowmeter, a primary mixed hydrogen fuel pressure transmitter, a primary mixed hydrogen fuel thermometer, a primary mixed hydrogen fuel pressure regulating valve, a primary mixed hydrogen fuel check valve, a primary outlet filter, a primary outlet pressure transmitter and a primary outlet shut-off valve.
21. The generating device of claim 20, wherein the primary gas constituent analysis processor is electrically connected to both a fuel gas control valve and a primary hydrogen control valve.
22. The generator of claim 20, wherein the primary mixed fuel post-treatment unit further comprises a primary mixed fuel safety relief module, an inlet of the primary mixed fuel safety relief module being connected to the primary mixed fuel output line.
23. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the inlet of the branch line of the primary hydrogen-mixed fuel output line is disposed between a primary hydrogen-mixed fuel check valve and a primary outlet filter, and the branch line is provided with a branch line outlet shutoff valve.
24. The generating device of claim 1, wherein the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel aftertreatment unit includes a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel output conduit and an assembly disposed on the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel output conduit.
25. The generating device of claim 24, wherein the components on the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel output pipeline sequentially comprise a secondary gas composition analysis processor, a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel flowmeter, a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel pressure transmitter, a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel thermometer, a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel pressure regulating valve, a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel check valve, a secondary outlet filter, a secondary outlet pressure transmitter and a secondary outlet shut-off valve.
26. The generating device of claim 25, wherein the secondary gas constituent analysis processor is electrically connected to a secondary hydrogen control valve.
27. The generator of claim 25, wherein the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel post-treatment unit further comprises a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel safety relief module, an inlet of the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel safety relief module being connected to a secondary mixed hydrogen fuel output pipeline.
28. A method for producing a hydrogen-blended fuel using the generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 27, comprising the steps of:
(1) After the fuel gas and the hydrogen are independently pretreated, the fuel gas is led into a first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit, the hydrogen is divided into at least two parts, one part of the hydrogen is injected into the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel generating unit to be mixed with the fuel gas, rectified and diffused, and then the first-stage hydrogen-mixed fuel is obtained through post-treatment;
(2) And (3) injecting the other part of hydrogen in the step (1) into a secondary hydrogen mixing fuel generation unit, simultaneously introducing part of the primary hydrogen mixing fuel obtained in the step (1) into the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel obtained in the step (1), mixing with hydrogen, rectifying and diffusing, and performing aftertreatment to obtain the secondary hydrogen mixing fuel.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the fuel gas of step (1) comprises any one or a combination of at least two of natural gas, syngas, liquefied petroleum gas, or coal gas.
30. The method of claim 28, wherein the pretreatment of the fuel gas and hydrogen gas of step (1) independently comprises detection of temperature, pressure and flow rate and regulation of pressure and flow rate.
31. The method of claim 28, wherein the fuel gas in step (1) is introduced into the primary hydrogen-blended fuel generating unit at a pressure of 1.6 to 4MPa and a temperature of 5 to 50 ℃.
32. The method of claim 28, wherein the hydrogen gas in step (1) is injected into the primary hydrogen-blended fuel generating unit at a pressure of 10 to 70MPa and a temperature of 5 to 50 ℃.
33. The method of claim 28, wherein the primary mixed hydrogen fuel in step (1) exits the primary mixed hydrogen fuel generating unit at a rate of from 10 to 30m/s.
34. The method of claim 28, wherein the post-processing of step (1) comprises component analysis of the primary hydrogen-blended fuel, flow, temperature and pressure detection, pressure regulation, and gas filtration.
35. The method of claim 28, wherein the primary hydrogen fuel in step (1) has a pressure of 1.6 to 4MPa and a temperature of 5 to 50 ℃.
36. The method of claim 28, wherein the volume fraction of hydrogen in the primary hydrogen blending fuel of step (1) is 10 to 80%.
37. The method of claim 28, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen gas before being injected into the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel generating unit in step (2) is 10 to 70MPa and the temperature is 5 to 50 ℃.
38. The method of claim 28, wherein the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel in step (2) exits the secondary mixed hydrogen fuel generating unit at a rate of 10 to 30m/s.
39. The method of claim 28, wherein the post-treatment of step (2) comprises component analysis of the secondary hydrogen-blended fuel, flow, temperature and pressure detection, pressure regulation, and gas filtration.
40. The method of claim 28, wherein the secondary hydrogen blending fuel in step (2) has a pressure of 1.6 to 4MPa and a temperature of 5 to 50 ℃.
41. The method of claim 28, wherein the volume fraction of hydrogen in the Two (II) stage hydrogen blended fuel of step (2) is 35 to 95%.
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