CN114718771A - Waste heat treatment system of ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and ship - Google Patents
Waste heat treatment system of ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718771A CN114718771A CN202210267741.0A CN202210267741A CN114718771A CN 114718771 A CN114718771 A CN 114718771A CN 202210267741 A CN202210267741 A CN 202210267741A CN 114718771 A CN114718771 A CN 114718771A
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 402
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship, which can be applied to the technical field of waste gas treatment. According to the system, the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device, so that the lowest temperature of the cold end of the temperature difference power generation device is reduced and the heat dissipation effect is improved by utilizing the characteristics of the ammonia fuel; then the ammonia fuel heated by the temperature difference power generation device is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen production device and the gas mixing tank, so that the ammonia fuel is not required to be additionally heated and vaporized; the waste gas of the engine is output to the temperature difference power generation device, so that the temperature difference power generation device can generate power by utilizing the waste heat of the waste gas and the temperature difference of the cold end, and the working efficiency of the temperature difference power generation device is improved; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation device and the fuel cell is stored in the electric energy storage device, so that the electric energy utilization rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship.
Background
The large-scale emission of greenhouse gases causes environmental problems such as global warming and extreme weather exacerbation. In addition, the large-scale consumption of fossil fuels places humans in an energy crisis. The ammonia fuel has rich sources and low price, and the combustion product does not contain carbon oxide, can obviously reduce the emission of greenhouse gas, and is the most potential alternative fuel for ships in the future. In the related art, about 35% of the energy released by the combustion of fuel in an ammonia-fueled engine is discharged with exhaust gas, resulting in a large energy loss. At present, all devices for performing thermoelectric power generation by utilizing waste heat of engine exhaust gas rely on a cooling water tank to perform cold end heat dissipation, the lowest temperature which can be reached is limited, and the power generation efficiency and power are lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship, which can effectively improve the waste gas waste heat utilization rate and the temperature difference generating capacity.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat treatment system for an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine, including:
an ammonia fuel storage device;
the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the power supply input end of the power storage device is respectively connected with the power supply output end of the thermoelectric power generation device and the power supply output end of the fuel cell, and the power supply output end of the power storage device is connected with a load;
the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the first input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device, and the second input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device;
the fuel input end of the engine is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank;
the first input end of the turbocharger is used for inputting air, the second input end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the engine, and the first output end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric power generation device;
the input end of the intercooler is connected with the second output end of the turbocharger, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the third input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the control device is connected with the temperature difference power generation device, the power storage device, the hydrogen production device and the engine.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen production assembly comprises:
the ammonia reformer, ammonia reformer's ammonia fuel input with thermoelectric generation device's ammonia fuel output connects, ammonia reformer's hydrogen-rich gas output with the second input of gas mixing tank is connected, ammonia reformer's first waste gas input with turbocharger's first output is connected, ammonia reformer's second waste gas input pass through the exhaust gas recirculation valve with turbocharger's first output is connected, ammonia reformer's second waste gas input with ammonia reformer's reaction bed is connected, ammonia reformer's exhaust gas output with thermoelectric generation device's waste gas input is connected.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
a plasma generator disposed on an ammonia fuel input of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
a first pressure reducing valve provided between an ammonia fuel output terminal of the thermoelectric power generation device and an ammonia fuel input terminal of the fuel cell;
the second pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device and the first input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the third pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen production apparatus comprises:
and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device, the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the second input end of the gas mixing tank, and the power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the power supply output end of the power storage device.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
and the waste gas input end of the post-treatment device is connected with the waste gas output end of the temperature difference power generation device.
In some embodiments, the control device is configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring material parameters, exhaust gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation power of the thermoelectric power generation device according to the material parameters, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the temperature of the ammonia fuel meets a first preset requirement, outputting the temperature of the ammonia fuel and the pressure of the ammonia fuel, and outputting the electric quantity of an electricity storage device according to the power generation power of the temperature difference power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet a first preset requirement, increasing the input power of the electric heating furnace in the thermoelectric generation device.
In some embodiments, the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
obtaining the temperature of the exhaust gas of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
and when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel addition amount of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
and determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the addition rate of the reformed gas delivered to the gas mixing tank by the ammonia reformer.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a ship, which includes the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine waste heat treatment system.
The waste heat treatment system of the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment, the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device, so that the lowest temperature of the cold end of the temperature difference power generation device is reduced and the heat dissipation effect is improved by utilizing the characteristics of the ammonia fuel; then the ammonia fuel heated by the temperature difference power generation device is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen production device and the gas mixing tank, so that the ammonia fuel is not required to be additionally heated and vaporized; the waste gas of the engine is output to the temperature difference power generation device, so that the temperature difference power generation device can generate power by utilizing the waste heat of the waste gas and the temperature difference of the cold end, and the working efficiency of the temperature difference power generation device is improved; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation device and the fuel cell is stored in the electric storage device, so that the use of other loads is facilitated.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of an ammonia reformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for waste heat treatment of an ammonia fueled hybrid engine in combination with an ammonia reformer, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for processing waste heat of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine by combining an ammonia electrolysis device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the related art, large-scale emission of greenhouse gases causes environmental problems such as global warming and extreme weather exacerbation. In addition, the large-scale consumption of fossil fuels places humans in an energy crisis. The ammonia fuel has rich sources and low price, and the combustion product does not contain carbon oxide, can obviously reduce the emission of greenhouse gas, and is the most potential alternative fuel for ships in the future.
The ammonia fuel has high burning point and low burning speed, and is easy to generate abnormal burning phenomena such as fire catching and the like when running in an engine; combustion of ammonia fuel produces large amounts of NOx and unconventional emissions N compared to conventional fuels2O; furthermore, incomplete combustion of ammonia in the engine can result in a dramatic increase in unburned ammonia emissions in the exhaust. Therefore, in order to improve the combustion stability of the ammonia fuel engine and reduce the emission of pollutants, it is necessary to add hydrogen as an oxidant to improve combustion. The hydrogen is difficult to transport and store, so that the hydrogen needs to be prepared on line to meet the requirement of stable operation of the engine. In addition, the existing device for generating power by using the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the engineThe device is arranged by means of cooling water tank for cold end heat dissipation, the lowest temperature which can be reached is limited, and the power generation efficiency and power are low. The ammonia fuel is stored in liquid form, needs to be heated to be vaporized before being injected into the engine, and then is injected into the cylinder in gaseous form to participate in combustion, so that the using amount of the fuel is increased.
Based on this, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat treatment system for an ammonia fuel hybrid engine, including an ammonia fuel storage device 100, a thermoelectric generation device 200, a fuel cell 300, an electricity storage device 400, a hydrogen production device 500, a gas mixing tank 600, an engine 700, a turbocharger 810, an intercooler 820, and a control device 900. Wherein the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device 100 is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell 300 is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; the power input end of the electricity storage device 400 is respectively connected with the power output end of the thermoelectric power generation device 200 and the power output end of the fuel cell 300, and the power output end of the electricity storage device 400 is connected with a load 410; the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device 500 is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; a first input end of the gas mixing tank 600 is connected with an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200, and a second input end of the gas mixing tank 600 is connected with a hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device 500; the fuel input end of the engine 700 is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank 600; a first input end of the turbocharger 810 is used for inputting air, a second input end of the turbocharger 810 is connected with an exhaust gas output end of the engine 700, and a first output end of the turbocharger 810 is connected with an exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; the input end of the intercooler 820 is connected with the second output end of the turbocharger 810, and the output end of the intercooler 820 is connected with the third input end of the gas mixing tank 600; the control device 900 is connected to the thermoelectric power generation device 200, the electricity storage device 400, the hydrogen production device 500, and the engine 700.
When the embodiment works specifically, the control device controls the ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel storage device to enter the temperature difference power generation device, the temperature difference power generation device can take the inflowing ammonia fuel as a cold end medium in the power generation process, and simultaneously can respectively convey the vaporized ammonia fuel to the gas mixing tank, the hydrogen production device and the fuel cell after heating and vaporizing the ammonia fuel, so that the hydrogen production device can prepare a gas containing a large amount of hydrogen according to the input ammonia fuel and convey a hydrogen-rich gas into the gas mixing tank; meanwhile, air input from the first input end of the turbocharger is heated or cooled and then is conveyed into the gas mixing tank, so that ammonia fuel and hydrogen-rich gas in the gas mixing tank are mixed with the air and then input into the engine to provide fuel for the engine. During operation, the engine outputs a large amount of exhaust gas, which carries a large amount of heat. The embodiment conveys the waste gas of the engine to the temperature difference power generation device, so that the temperature difference power generation device can utilize the waste heat of the waste gas to heat the ammonia fuel, and the electric energy is saved. In this embodiment, be equipped with the electrical heating module in the temperature difference power generation facility, when waste gas can't provide sufficient heat, controlling means control electrical heating module heats ammonia fuel. In the process, waste gas is used as a hot end medium, ammonia fuel is used as a cold end heat dissipation medium, and electric energy is generated through the thermoelectric generation sheet. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation device and the fuel cell may be stored in the electric storage device, so that when the load needs to work, the electric energy is provided by the electric storage device, thereby improving the utilization rate of the energy.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, after the waste heat in the exhaust gas is utilized, the thermoelectric power generation device 200 delivers the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas input end of the post-treatment device 210 provided in this embodiment through the exhaust gas output end, so as to utilize the working treatment capacity of the post-treatment device 210 to treat the exhaust gas to reach the emission standard.
In the embodiment of the application, the hydrogen production device can adopt an ammonia electrolysis fuel device and also can adopt an ammonia reformer. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the ammonia reformer includes an outer casing 101, an inner casing 102, an insulating seal device 103, a plasma generator, and a catalyst 106, the inner casing 102 being disposed inside the outer casing 101, dividing a cavity inside the outer casing into an outer cavity and an inner cavity; the insulating sealing device 103 is arranged at the gas input or output end at two ends of the inner cavity; the plasma generator comprises a high-voltage electrode 104 and a grounding electrode 105, wherein the high-voltage electrode 104 is arranged at the gas input end of the inner cavity and penetrates through an insulating sealing device of the gas input end; the grounding electrode is arranged 105 at the gas output end of the inner cavity and penetrates through the insulating sealing device at the gas output end; a catalyst 106 is disposed within the internal cavity and proximate to the ground electrode 105. When an ammonia reformer is used as a hydrogen production apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, an ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation apparatus 200, a hydrogen rich gas output end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a second input end of the gas mixing tank 600, a first exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a first output end of the turbocharger 810, a second exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a first output end of the turbocharger 810 through an exhaust gas recirculation valve 512, a second exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer is connected to a reaction bed of the ammonia reformer, and an exhaust gas output end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to an exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation apparatus 200.
In the embodiment, after a part of exhaust gas output by the engine enters the outer cavity of the ammonia reformer through the turbocharger, the ammonia reformer provides heat for the inner cavity reaction process by using the residual heat of the part of exhaust gas, and meanwhile, the other part of exhaust gas output by the engine is input to the reaction bed of the ammonia reformer through the exhaust gas recirculation valve, so that the ammonia reformer reforms the exhaust gas and the ammonia fuel in the reaction bed by using the residual heat to obtain hydrogen-rich gas. In this process, the flow rate of the exhaust gas participating in the reforming reaction is controlled in magnitude by an exhaust gas recirculation valve. Specifically, when the exhaust gas temperature is low, the present embodiment improves the conversion efficiency by setting the plasma generator to lower the temperature required for the reforming reaction, as shown in fig. 3. Wherein the plasma generator of the present embodiment is disposed on the ammonia fuel input of the ammonia reformer 510.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the system further includes a first pressure relief valve 513, a second pressure relief valve 514, and a third pressure relief valve 515. Wherein the first pressure reducing valve 513 is disposed between an ammonia fuel output terminal of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and an ammonia fuel input terminal of the fuel cell 300, and is used for adjusting the amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the fuel cell 300; the second pressure reducing valve 514 is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and the first input end of the gas mixing tank 600, and is used for adjusting the amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the gas mixing tank 600; the third pressure reducing valve 515 is disposed between an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and an ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer 510, and is configured to adjust an amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the ammonia reformer 510. In the present embodiment, the first reducing valve 513, the second reducing valve 514, and the third reducing valve 515 are all connected to the control device 900, and the valve opening degree can be adjusted according to a control signal transmitted from the control device.
Specifically, when the ammonia electrolysis device is used as the hydrogen production device, as shown in fig. 4, the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200, the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the second input end of the gas-mixed tank 600, and the power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the power supply output end of the electricity storage device 400. In this embodiment, after the ammonia fuel is obtained in the ammonia electrolysis device, the electricity storage device provides electric energy to electrolyze the ammonia fuel to generate hydrogen, so as to provide combustion improver for the engine to burn the ammonia fuel.
In the embodiment of the present application, the control device participates in the control and adjustment of the parameters of each device in the operation process of the system of the present embodiment: in the thermoelectric power generation device, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor transmit signals to a control device, thermoelectric power generation power is calculated according to the temperature difference of a cold end and a hot end, and the starting (the engine is started and under a low-load working condition), the stopping (the middle-high load working condition) and the output power of an electric heating device are controlled according to the temperature and pressure state of ammonia fuel at the outlet of the device. The control device collects data signals of temperature, pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening degree of the engine, gas component concentration of the post-processing device and the like through the sensor, adjusts fuel supply amount in the ammonia reformer, and controls reforming hydrogen production yield by combining data of temperature, flow and the like of the reformer, so that cooperative matching regulation of the engine and the ammonia reformer is realized, and a macro regulation strategy for controlling combustion characteristics of the engine to emission characteristics is obtained.
Specifically, the control device is used for executing the following steps in the process of controlling the operation of the temperature difference power generation device:
acquiring material parameters, exhaust gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation power of the thermoelectric power generation device according to the material parameters, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the temperature of the ammonia fuel meets a first preset requirement, outputting the temperature of the ammonia fuel and the pressure of the ammonia fuel, and outputting the electric quantity of an electricity storage device according to the generated power of the temperature difference power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet a first preset requirement, increasing the input power of the electric heating furnace in the temperature difference power generation device.
The control device is used for executing the following steps when controlling the ammonia reformer to work:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
obtaining the temperature of the exhaust gas of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel addition amount of the ammonia reformer;
and determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the addition rate of the reformed gas delivered to the gas mixing tank by the ammonia reformer.
In conclusion, the system of the embodiment generates power by utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the engine, so that the energy utilization rate is improved. Meanwhile, the hydrogen-rich gas with high content is prepared by the hydrogen production device, so that the problems of difficult ignition, poor combustion stability and high pollutant discharge of the engine are effectively solved.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention provides a ship comprising the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine waste heat treatment system.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A system for waste heat treatment of an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine, comprising:
an ammonia fuel storage device;
the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the power supply input end of the power storage device is respectively connected with the power supply output end of the thermoelectric power generation device and the power supply output end of the fuel cell, and the power supply output end of the power storage device is connected with a load;
the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the first input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device, and the second input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device;
the fuel input end of the engine is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank;
the first input end of the turbocharger is used for inputting air, the second input end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the engine, and the first output end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas input end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the input end of the intercooler is connected with the second output end of the turbocharger, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the third input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the control device is connected with the temperature difference power generation device, the power storage device, the hydrogen production device and the engine.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generation assembly comprises:
the ammonia reformer, ammonia reformer's ammonia fuel input with thermoelectric generation device's ammonia fuel output connects, ammonia reformer's hydrogen-rich gas output with the second input of gas mixing tank is connected, ammonia reformer's first waste gas input with turbocharger's first output is connected, ammonia reformer's second waste gas input pass through the exhaust gas recirculation valve with turbocharger's first output is connected, ammonia reformer's second waste gas input with ammonia reformer's reaction bed is connected, ammonia reformer's exhaust gas output with thermoelectric generation device's waste gas input is connected.
3. The system for waste heat treatment of an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine according to claim 2, further comprising:
a plasma generator disposed on an ammonia fuel input of the ammonia reformer.
4. The system for waste heat treatment of an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine according to claim 2, further comprising:
a first pressure reducing valve provided between an ammonia fuel output terminal of the thermoelectric power generation device and an ammonia fuel input terminal of the fuel cell;
the second pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device and the first input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the third pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen plant comprises:
and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the temperature difference power generation device, the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the second input end of the gas mixing tank, and the power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with the power supply output end of the power storage device.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the waste gas input end of the post-treatment device is connected with the waste gas output end of the temperature difference power generation device.
7. The system for treating waste heat of an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine according to claim 3, wherein the control device is configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring material parameters, exhaust gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation power of the thermoelectric power generation device according to the material parameter, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the temperature of the ammonia fuel meets a first preset requirement, outputting the temperature of the ammonia fuel and the pressure of the ammonia fuel, and outputting the electric quantity of an electricity storage device according to the generated power of the temperature difference power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet a first preset requirement, increasing the input power of the electric heating furnace in the temperature difference power generation device.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the control device is further configured to perform the following steps:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
obtaining the temperature of the exhaust gas of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
and when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel addition amount of the ammonia reformer.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the control device is further configured to perform the following steps:
and determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the addition rate of the reformed gas delivered to the gas mixing tank by the ammonia reformer.
10. A marine vessel comprising an ammonia-fueled hybrid engine waste heat treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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