CN114718771B - Waste heat treatment system of ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and ship - Google Patents
Waste heat treatment system of ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718771B CN114718771B CN202210267741.0A CN202210267741A CN114718771B CN 114718771 B CN114718771 B CN 114718771B CN 202210267741 A CN202210267741 A CN 202210267741A CN 114718771 B CN114718771 B CN 114718771B
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 432
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship, which can be applied to the technical field of waste gas treatment. According to the system, the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the thermoelectric generation device, so that the minimum temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric generation device is reduced by utilizing the characteristic of ammonia fuel, and the heat dissipation effect is improved; then, the ammonia fuel heated by the thermoelectric generation device is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen production device and the gas mixing tank, so that the ammonia fuel does not need to be additionally heated and vaporized; the waste gas of the engine is output to the thermoelectric generation device, so that the thermoelectric generation device can utilize the temperature difference between waste heat of the waste gas and the cold end to generate electricity, and the working efficiency of the thermoelectric generation device is improved; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation device and the fuel cell is stored in the electric storage device, so that the electric energy utilization rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship.
Background
The large-scale emission of greenhouse gases causes environmental problems such as global warming and extreme weather exacerbations. In addition, the large-scale consumption of fossil fuels faces energy crisis to humans. The ammonia fuel has rich sources and low price, and the combustion products do not contain carbon oxides, so that the emission of greenhouse gases can be obviously reduced, and the ammonia fuel is the most potential alternative fuel for future ships. In the related art, about 35% of energy released by combustion of fuel on an ammonia fuel engine is discharged with exhaust gas, resulting in a great energy loss. At present, the device for carrying out thermoelectric generation by utilizing the waste heat of the engine waste gas all relies on a cooling water tank to carry out cold end heat dissipation, and the lowest temperature which can be achieved is limited, and the power generation efficiency and the power are lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid power engine and a ship, which can effectively improve the waste gas waste heat utilization rate and the temperature difference generating capacity.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine, including:
an ammonia fuel storage device;
the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the power input end of the power storage device is respectively connected with the power output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the power output end of the fuel cell, and the power output end of the power storage device is connected with a load;
the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the first input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device, and the second input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device;
the fuel input end of the engine is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank;
the first input end of the turbocharger is used for inputting air, the second input end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the engine, and the first output end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the input end of the intercooler is connected with the second output end of the turbocharger, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the third input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the control device is connected with the thermoelectric generation device, the electricity storage device, the hydrogen production device and the engine.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen production apparatus includes:
the ammonia reformer, ammonia fuel input of ammonia reformer with the ammonia fuel output of thermoelectric generation device is connected, the hydrogen rich gas output of ammonia reformer with the second input of gas mixing jar is connected, the first waste gas input of ammonia reformer with the first output of turbo charger is connected, the second waste gas input of ammonia reformer through the exhaust gas recirculation valve with the first output of turbo charger is connected, the second waste gas input of ammonia reformer with the reaction bed of ammonia reformer is connected, the waste gas output of ammonia reformer with thermoelectric generation device's waste gas input is connected.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
and the plasma generator is arranged on the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
the first pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell;
the second pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the first input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the third pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen production apparatus includes:
the ammonia electrolysis device is characterized in that an ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device, a hydrogen-rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with a second input end of the gas mixing tank, and a power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with a power supply output end of the electricity storage device.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises:
and the exhaust gas input end of the aftertreatment device is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the thermoelectric generation device.
In some embodiments, the control device is configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring material parameters, waste gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation of the thermoelectric generation device according to the material parameter, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the ammonia fuel temperature meets a first preset requirement, outputting the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure, and outputting the electric quantity of an electric storage device according to the generated power of the thermoelectric power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet the first preset requirement, increasing the input power of an electric heating furnace in the thermoelectric generation device.
In some embodiments, the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening degree of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
acquiring the exhaust gas temperature of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
and when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel adding amount of the ammonia reformer.
In some embodiments, the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the reformed gas addition rate of the ammonia reformer delivered to the gas mixing tank.
In another aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a ship, which comprises the waste heat treatment system of the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine.
The waste heat treatment system of the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment, the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the thermoelectric generation device, so that the minimum temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric generation device is reduced by utilizing the characteristic of ammonia fuel, and the heat dissipation effect is improved; then, the ammonia fuel heated by the thermoelectric generation device is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen production device and the gas mixing tank, so that the ammonia fuel does not need to be additionally heated and vaporized; the waste gas of the engine is output to the thermoelectric generation device, so that the thermoelectric generation device can utilize the temperature difference between waste heat of the waste gas and the cold end to generate electricity, and the working efficiency of the thermoelectric generation device is improved; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation device and the fuel cell is stored in the electric storage device, so that the use of other loads is facilitated.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ammonia reformer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for performing waste heat treatment of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine in combination with an ammonia reformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for performing waste heat treatment of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine in combination with an ammonia electrolysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a number is one or more, the meaning of a number is two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to exclude the present number, and the meaning of a number is understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
In the description of the present invention, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the related art, the large-scale emission of greenhouse gases causes environmental problems such as global warming and extreme weather exacerbations. In addition, the large-scale consumption of fossil fuels faces energy crisis to humans. The ammonia fuel has rich sources and low price, and the combustion products do not contain carbon oxides, so that the emission of greenhouse gases can be obviously reduced, and the ammonia fuel is the most potential alternative fuel for future ships.
The ammonia fuel has high ignition point and low combustion speed, and abnormal combustion phenomena such as fire and the like are easy to occur when the ammonia fuel runs in an engine; ammonia fuel combustion produces significant amounts of NOx and non-conventional emissions N compared to conventional fuels 2 O; in addition, incomplete combustion of ammonia in the engine can cause a dramatic increase in unburned ammonia emissions in the exhaust gas. Therefore, in order to improve combustion stability of an ammonia-fueled engine and reduce pollutant emissions, hydrogen needs to be added as a combustion improver to improve combustion. The hydrogen has the defect of difficult transportation and storage, so that the hydrogen needs to be prepared on line to meet the requirement of stable operation of the engine. In addition, the current device for carrying out thermoelectric power generation by utilizing the waste heat of the engine exhaust gas all relies on a cooling water tank to carry out cold end heat dissipation, so that the lowest temperature which can be achieved is limited, and the power generation efficiency and the power are low. Ammonia fuel is stored in liquid form, heated to vaporize it before being injected into the engine, and then injected into the cylinders in gaseous form to participate in combustion, thereby also increasing the fuel usage.
Based on this, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine, which includes an ammonia fuel storage device 100, a thermoelectric generation device 200, a fuel cell 300, an electricity storage device 400, a hydrogen production device 500, a gas mixing tank 600, an engine 700, a turbocharger 810, an intercooler 820, and a control device 900. Wherein the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device 100 is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell 300 is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; the power input end of the power storage device 400 is respectively connected with the power output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and the power output end of the fuel cell 300, and the power output end of the power storage device 400 is connected with a load 410; the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device 500 is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; a first input end of the gas mixing tank 600 is connected with an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200, and a second input end of the gas mixing tank 600 is connected with a hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device 500; the fuel input end of the engine 700 is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank 600; a first input end of the turbocharger 810 is used for inputting air, a second input end of the turbocharger 810 is connected with an exhaust gas output end of the engine 700, and a first output end of the turbocharger 810 is connected with an exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation device 200; an input end of the intercooler 820 is connected with a second output end of the turbocharger 810, and an output end of the intercooler 820 is connected with a third input end of the gas mixing tank 600; the control device 900 is connected to the thermoelectric generation device 200, the electricity storage device 400, the hydrogen production device 500, and the engine 700.
When the embodiment specifically works, the control device controls the ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel storage device to enter the thermoelectric generation device, the thermoelectric generation device can take the flowing ammonia fuel as a cold end medium in the power generation process, and simultaneously, the vaporized ammonia fuel can be respectively conveyed into the gas mixing tank, the hydrogen production device and the fuel cell after being heated and vaporized, so that the hydrogen production device can prepare gas containing a large amount of hydrogen according to the input ammonia fuel and convey hydrogen-rich gas into the gas mixing tank; meanwhile, the air input by the first input end of the turbocharger is heated or cooled and then is also conveyed into the gas mixing tank, so that the air mixed by the ammonia fuel and the hydrogen-rich gas in the gas mixing tank is input into the engine to supply fuel for the engine. During operation, the engine outputs a large amount of exhaust gas, which carries a large amount of heat. According to the embodiment, the exhaust gas of the engine is conveyed to the thermoelectric generation device, so that the thermoelectric generation device can heat ammonia fuel by utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and electric energy is saved. In this embodiment, an electric heating module is disposed in the thermoelectric power generation device, and when the exhaust gas cannot provide enough heat, the control device controls the electric heating module to heat the ammonia fuel. In the process, waste gas is used as a hot end medium, ammonia fuel is used as a cold end heat dissipation medium, and electric energy is generated through the thermoelectric generation sheets. Specifically, the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation device and the fuel cell in the embodiment can be stored in the electric storage device, so that when the load needs to work, the electric energy is provided through the electric storage device, and the utilization rate of energy sources is improved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, after the waste heat in the exhaust gas is utilized, the thermoelectric generation device 200 transmits the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas input end of the post-treatment device 210 provided in this embodiment through the exhaust gas output end, so that the exhaust gas is treated by using the working treatment capability of the post-treatment device 210 to reach the emission standard.
In embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen plant may employ an electrolytic ammonia fuel plant, or an ammonia reformer. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the ammonia reformer includes an outer case 101, an inner case 102, an insulating sealing means 103, a plasma generator, and a catalyst 106, the inner case 102 being disposed inside the outer case 101, a cavity inside the outer case being divided into an outer cavity and an inner cavity; the insulating sealing device 103 is arranged at the gas input end or the gas output end of the two ends of the inner cavity; the plasma generator comprises a high-voltage electrode 104 and a grounding electrode 105, wherein the high-voltage electrode 104 is arranged at the gas input end of the inner cavity and penetrates through the insulating sealing device of the gas input end; the grounding electrode is arranged at the gas output end of the inner cavity and penetrates through the insulating sealing device of the gas output end; a catalyst 106 is disposed within the interior cavity and adjacent to the ground electrode 105. When an ammonia reformer is used as the hydrogen production device, as shown in fig. 3, an ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200, a hydrogen rich gas output end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a second input end of the gas mixing tank 600, a first exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a first output end of the turbocharger 810, a second exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to a first output end of the turbocharger 810 through an exhaust gas recirculation valve 512, a second exhaust gas input end of the ammonia reformer is connected to a reaction bed of the ammonia reformer, and an exhaust gas output end of the ammonia reformer 510 is connected to an exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation device 200.
In this embodiment, after part of the exhaust gas output from the engine enters the outer cavity of the ammonia reformer through the turbocharger, the ammonia reformer uses the residual heat of the part of the exhaust gas to provide heat for the reaction process of the inner cavity, and at the same time, another part of the exhaust gas output from the engine is input to the reaction bed of the ammonia reformer through the exhaust gas recirculation valve, so that the ammonia reformer uses the residual heat to reform the exhaust gas combined with ammonia fuel in the reaction bed to obtain hydrogen-rich gas. In this process, the flow of exhaust gas involved in the reforming reaction is controlled in its magnitude by an exhaust gas recirculation valve. Specifically, when the exhaust gas temperature is low, as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment reduces the temperature required for the reforming reaction by providing a plasma generator, thereby improving the conversion efficiency. Wherein the plasma generator of the present embodiment is disposed on the ammonia fuel input of the ammonia reformer 510.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the system further comprises a first pressure relief valve 513, a second pressure relief valve 514 and a third pressure relief valve 515. Wherein the first pressure reducing valve 513 is disposed between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell 300, for adjusting the amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the fuel cell 300; the second pressure reducing valve 514 is disposed between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric power generation device 200 and the first input end of the gas mixing tank 600, and is used for adjusting the amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the gas mixing tank 600; the third pressure reducing valve 515 is disposed between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200 and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer 510, and is used for adjusting the amount of ammonia fuel flowing into the ammonia reformer 510. In this embodiment, the first pressure reducing valve 513, the second pressure reducing valve 514, and the third pressure reducing valve 515 are connected to the control device 900, and the valve opening degree can be adjusted according to the control signal sent by the control device.
Specifically, when the ammonia electrolysis device is used as the hydrogen production device, as shown in fig. 4, the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device 200, the hydrogen rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the second input end of the gas mixing tank 600, and the power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device 520 is connected to the power supply output end of the power storage device 400. In this embodiment, after the ammonia fuel is obtained in the ammonia electrolysis device, the electricity is provided by the electricity storage device to electrolyze the ammonia fuel to generate hydrogen, so as to provide the combustion improver for the engine to burn the ammonia fuel.
In the embodiment of the present application, the control device participates in the control and adjustment of parameters of each device in the running process of the system in this embodiment: in the thermoelectric power generation device, a pressure and temperature sensor transmits signals to a control device, thermoelectric power generation power is calculated according to the temperature difference of cold and hot ends, and the starting (engine starting and low-load working conditions), stopping (medium-high load working conditions) and output power of an electric heating device are controlled according to the temperature and pressure state of ammonia fuel at an outlet of the device. The control device collects data signals such as engine temperature, pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening, gas component concentration of the post-treatment device and the like through the sensor, adjusts fuel supply quantity in the ammonia reformer, and controls reforming hydrogen production yield by combining the data such as reformer temperature, flow and the like, so that cooperative matching regulation and control of the engine and the ammonia reformer are realized, and a macroscopic regulation and control strategy for controlling combustion characteristics of the engine to emission characteristics is obtained.
Specifically, the control device is used for executing the following steps in the working process of the thermoelectric generation device:
acquiring material parameters, waste gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation of the thermoelectric generation device according to the material parameter, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the ammonia fuel temperature meets a first preset requirement, outputting the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure, and outputting the electric quantity of an electric storage device according to the generated power of the thermoelectric power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet the first preset requirement, increasing the input power of an electric heating furnace in the thermoelectric generation device.
The control device is used for executing the following steps when controlling the ammonia reformer to work:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening degree of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
acquiring the exhaust gas temperature of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel addition amount of the ammonia reformer;
determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the reformed gas addition rate of the ammonia reformer delivered to the gas mixing tank.
In conclusion, the system of the embodiment can improve the energy utilization rate by utilizing the waste heat of the engine exhaust gas to generate electricity. Meanwhile, the hydrogen-rich gas with high content is prepared by the hydrogen production device, so that the problems of difficult ignition, poor combustion stability and high pollutant discharge of an engine are effectively solved.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention provides a ship, which comprises the waste heat treatment system of the ammonia fuel hybrid power engine.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine, comprising:
an ammonia fuel storage device;
the ammonia fuel output end of the ammonia fuel storage device is connected with the ammonia fuel input end of the temperature difference power generation device;
the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the power input end of the power storage device is respectively connected with the power output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the power output end of the fuel cell, and the power output end of the power storage device is connected with a load;
the ammonia fuel input end of the hydrogen production device is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the first input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device, and the second input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the hydrogen-rich gas output end of the hydrogen production device;
the fuel input end of the engine is connected with the output end of the gas mixing tank;
the first input end of the turbocharger is used for inputting air, the second input end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the engine, and the first output end of the turbocharger is connected with the exhaust gas input end of the thermoelectric generation device;
the input end of the intercooler is connected with the second output end of the turbocharger, and the output end of the intercooler is connected with the third input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the control device is connected with the thermoelectric generation device, the electricity storage device, the hydrogen production device and the engine.
2. The waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production device comprises:
the ammonia reformer, ammonia fuel input of ammonia reformer with the ammonia fuel output of thermoelectric generation device is connected, the hydrogen rich gas output of ammonia reformer with the second input of gas mixing jar is connected, the first waste gas input of ammonia reformer with the first output of turbo charger is connected, the second waste gas input of ammonia reformer through the exhaust gas recirculation valve with the first output of turbo charger is connected, the second waste gas input of ammonia reformer with the reaction bed of ammonia reformer is connected, the waste gas output of ammonia reformer with thermoelectric generation device's waste gas input is connected.
3. The exhaust heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine of claim 2, further comprising:
and the plasma generator is arranged on the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
4. The exhaust heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine of claim 2, further comprising:
the first pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the fuel cell;
the second pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the first input end of the gas mixing tank;
and the third pressure reducing valve is arranged between the ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device and the ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia reformer.
5. The waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production device comprises:
the ammonia electrolysis device is characterized in that an ammonia fuel input end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with an ammonia fuel output end of the thermoelectric generation device, a hydrogen-rich gas output end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with a second input end of the gas mixing tank, and a power supply end of the ammonia electrolysis device is connected with a power supply output end of the electricity storage device.
6. The exhaust heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine of claim 1, further comprising:
and the exhaust gas input end of the aftertreatment device is connected with the exhaust gas output end of the thermoelectric generation device.
7. A waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine according to claim 3, wherein the control means is adapted to perform the steps of:
acquiring material parameters, waste gas temperature, ammonia fuel temperature and ammonia fuel pressure in the thermoelectric power generation device;
determining the power generation of the thermoelectric generation device according to the material parameter, the exhaust gas temperature, the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure;
when the ammonia fuel temperature meets a first preset requirement, outputting the ammonia fuel temperature and the ammonia fuel pressure, and outputting the electric quantity of an electric storage device according to the generated power of the thermoelectric power generation device; and when the temperature of the ammonia fuel does not meet the first preset requirement, increasing the input power of an electric heating furnace in the thermoelectric generation device.
8. The exhaust heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine of claim 7, wherein the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
acquiring cylinder pressure, rotating speed, throttle opening and exhaust temperature of the engine;
determining an opening degree of the exhaust gas recirculation valve;
acquiring the exhaust gas temperature of the ammonia reformer, the flow rate of generated hydrogen and the hydrogen conversion rate;
when the hydrogen conversion rate does not meet a second preset requirement, starting the plasma generator and adjusting the power of the plasma generator;
and when the hydrogen conversion rate meets a second preset requirement, determining that the power of the engine or the pollutant emission of the engine does not meet a third preset requirement, and adjusting the equivalence ratio of the engine and the ammonia fuel adding amount of the ammonia reformer.
9. The exhaust heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine of claim 8, wherein the control device is further configured to perform the steps of:
determining that the power of the engine and the pollutant emission of the engine meet a third preset requirement, acquiring the flow of the ammonia reformer, and calculating the reformed gas addition rate of the ammonia reformer delivered to the gas mixing tank.
10. A marine vessel comprising the waste heat treatment system of an ammonia fuel hybrid engine according to any one of claims 1-9.
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