CN113616693A - 一种中药抑菌喷雾剂 - Google Patents
一种中药抑菌喷雾剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域，具体说是一种中药抑菌喷雾剂及制备方法。该喷雾剂特点是中药复方为原料药，安全、抑菌高效、抗菌谱广。能够应用在粘膜、皮肤等广泛地方，大大方便患者服药。
Description
技术领域
本发明属中药技术领域，具体说是一种中药抑菌喷雾剂，还包括该喷雾剂的制备方法。
背景技术
抑菌剂就是能抑制细菌生长的物质，可以抑制细菌的生长，阻止细菌滋生过多、从而达到控制传染病的目的。目前的抑菌方式，一般采用化学消毒剂，采用化学化合物杀灭微生物使其达到灭菌要求。化学消毒剂对人体具有刺激作用、味道难闻、腐蚀性比较强，容易引起危险。人们还采用紫外线杀菌的方式，这种方式需要在无人情况下操作。且紫外线杀菌作用虽然较强，但对物体的穿透能力很弱。它适用于不耐热物品和台面表面消毒，且紫外线杀菌对空气消毒效果极差。近年来，随着人们的卫生意识提高，越来越多的人对抑菌剂产生需求。除了口服各种抗生素，如青霉素、链霉素、头孢、红霉素、磺胺等能够抑菌；外用需求量也增加很多。或者由于碰撞、擦伤或蚊虫叮咬等原因造成表皮损伤，容易受到细菌侵害。因此，人们需要外用，包括皮肤和粘膜使用的广谱抑菌剂。
植物源抗菌物质广泛存在于自然界，从植物中寻找抑菌、杀菌活性物质是目前研究开发绿色防腐剂、抑菌剂的重要途径之一。我国拥有丰富的中药植物资源,而被用作抗菌、抑菌活性研究的植物大部分集中在菊科、唇形科、木兰科等10余科植物。许多药用植物具有抑菌、杀菌作用。但目前，有关中草药抑菌方面研究均是对单一组分的中草药的抑菌方面的研究，而对于中草药之前相互配伍进行抑菌作用的研究鲜有报道。
针对上述不足，本专利申请人拟提供一种中药复方配伍的抑菌剂，具有广谱抗菌作用，且能够用于皮肤或粘膜。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种中药抑菌喷雾剂，能够外用及粘膜使用。
本发明提供的一种中药抑菌喷雾剂是这样实现的：中药原料药由连翘子和野菊花等量组成，两味药材与喷雾剂的质量体积比为20%以上。
更优地，中药原料药由连翘子和野菊花等量组成，两味药材与喷雾剂的质量体积比为25%。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法。
以上所述工艺为：（1）提取挥发油、药液；（2）制备清膏；（3）加入辅料，制成制剂。
进一步地，本发明的一种中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法，其特征为：
（1）提取挥发油、药液：以上两味中药原料药，加6-10倍量水浸泡0.5-2小时，水蒸气蒸馏2-4小时，收集挥发油、药液、药渣备用；
（2）制备清膏：上述药渣再加6-10倍量水提取1-2小时，滤过，滤液中加入药液，减压浓缩，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至清膏；
（3）添加辅料，制成制剂：上述所得挥发油加入吐温80，搅拌均匀，加入上述清膏、矫味剂、防腐剂，加水，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
更进一步地，本发明的一种中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法，其特征为：
（1）提取挥发油、药液：以上两味中药原料药，加8倍量水浸泡1小时，水蒸气蒸馏3小时，收集挥发油、药液、药渣备用；
（2）制备清膏：上述药渣再加8倍量水提取1.5小时，滤过，滤液中加入药液，减压浓缩至相对密度1.02，静置过夜，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至相对密度1.10的清膏；
（3）添加辅料，制成制剂：上述所得挥发油加入吐温80，搅拌均匀，加入上述清膏、薄荷脑、冰片、阿司帕坦、山梨酸钾、柠檬酸，加水，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
本发明的优点：
（1）安全高效，本申请是中药复方制剂，药味少，常见药，具有安全性；经过抑菌试验证明，能够抑制球菌、杆菌、真菌，抗菌谱广。
（2）喷雾剂辅料安全，能够应用在粘膜、皮肤等广泛地方，更能满足使用需求。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取连翘子、野菊花各125g，加8倍量水浸泡1小时，水蒸气蒸馏3小时，收集挥发油备用；药渣再加8倍量水提取1.5小时，滤过，药液减压浓缩至相对密度1.02，静置过夜，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至相对密度1.10的清膏；上述挥发油加入吐温-80 20g，搅拌均匀，加入清膏、薄荷脑3g、冰片2.5g、阿司帕坦4g、山梨酸钾2g、柠檬酸2g，加水至1000ml，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
实施例2
取连翘子、野菊花各100g，加6倍量水浸泡1小时，水蒸气蒸馏2小时，收集挥发油备用；药渣再加6倍量水提取1小时，滤过，药液减压浓缩至相对密度1.0，静置过夜，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至相对密度1.08的清膏；上述挥发油加入吐温-80 18g，搅拌均匀，加入清膏、薄荷脑2.5g、冰片2g、阿司帕坦3.5g、山梨酸钾2.5g、柠檬酸2.5g，加水至1000ml，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
实施例3
取连翘子、野菊花各145g，加10倍量水浸泡2小时，水蒸气蒸馏4小时，收集挥发油备用；药渣再加10倍量水提取2小时，滤过，药液减压浓缩至相对密度1.05，静置过夜，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至相对密度1.12的清膏；上述挥发油加入吐温-80 22g，搅拌均匀，加入清膏、薄荷脑3.5g、冰片3g、阿司帕坦4.5g、山梨酸钾2.5g、柠檬酸2.5g，加水至1000ml，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
一、中药原材料不同配比值的抑菌效果比较试验
用连翘子和野菊花的不同用量比例作为原料投料，根据实施例工艺制备成喷雾剂，试验方法依据《抗菌和抑菌效果评价方法》WS/T650-2019第5.1.1条，给予甄选得出最优比值。
表1对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌结果
*各组中最佳值
表2 对大肠杆菌的抑菌结果
*各组中最佳值
结论：由表1和表2看出，连翘子和野菊花比例在1:1投料，抑菌效果最好。
二、本发明喷雾剂抑菌试验研究结果
随机选取本发明实施例制备的抑菌喷雾剂，依据《抗菌和抑菌效果评价方法》WS/T650-2019第5.1.1条的试验方法，得出本发明申请的抑菌效果。
1.金黄色葡萄球菌试验
表3 对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌结果
注：阴性对照无菌生长。
2.大肠杆菌抑菌试验
表4 对大肠杆菌的抑菌结果
注：阴性对照无菌生长。
3.铜绿假单胞菌抑菌试验
表5 对铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌结果
注：阴性对照无菌生长。
4.白色念珠菌抑菌试验
表6 对白色念珠菌抑菌结果
结论：本发明申请的中药抑菌喷雾剂对金黄色葡萄球菌（抑菌率99.81%）、大肠杆菌抑菌（抑菌率99.95%）、铜绿假单胞菌抑菌（抑菌率99.89%）、白色念珠菌（抑菌率99.57%）均有较强抑菌作用。这4类细菌涵盖细菌谱广，能够作为代表说明，本发明申请的中药抑菌喷雾剂具有广谱、较强的抑菌作用。
Claims (7)
1.一种中药抑菌喷雾剂，其特征在于中药原料药由连翘子和野菊花等量组成，两味药材与喷雾剂的质量体积比为20%以上。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种中药抑菌喷雾剂，其特征在于连翘子和野菊花，两味药材与喷雾剂的质量体积比为25%。
3.一种中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法，其特征在于：（1）提取挥发油、药液；（2）制备清膏；（3）加入辅料，制成制剂。
4.如权利要求3所述一种中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法，其特征在于：
（1）提取挥发油、药液：以上两味中药原料药，加6-10倍量水浸泡0.5-2小时，水蒸气蒸馏2-4小时，收集挥发油、药液、药渣备用；
（2）制备清膏：上述药渣再加6-10倍量水提取1-2小时，滤过，滤液中加入药液，减压浓缩，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至清膏；
（3）添加辅料，制成制剂：上述所得挥发油加入吐温80，搅拌均匀，加入上述清膏、矫味剂、防腐剂，加水，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
5.如权利要求4所述一种中药抑菌喷雾剂的制备方法，其特征在于：
（1）提取挥发油、药液：以上两味中药原料药，加8倍量水浸泡1小时，水蒸气蒸馏3小时，收集挥发油、药液、药渣备用；
（2）制备清膏：上述药渣再加8倍量水提取1.5小时，滤过，滤液中加入药液，减压浓缩至相对密度1.02，静置过夜，取上清液离心，再继续浓缩至相对密度1.10的清膏；
（3）添加辅料，制成制剂：上述所得挥发油加入吐温80，搅拌均匀，加入上述清膏、薄荷脑、冰片、阿司帕坦、山梨酸钾、柠檬酸，加水，搅匀，滤过，灌装，即得。
6.如权利要求1-5所述的中药抑菌喷雾剂，其特征是可用于皮肤或粘膜的。
7.如权利要求6所述的中药抑菌喷雾剂，其特征是可用于口腔粘膜。
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