CN113615393A

CN113615393A - Regional pruning type sea-buckthorn harvester

Info

Publication number: CN113615393A
Application number: CN202111066061.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦新燕; 翟志远; 雷金; 张�杰; 王卫兵; 任子超; 阿不都拉·热合曼
Original assignee: Shihezi University
Current assignee: Shihezi University
Priority date: 2021-09-13
Filing date: 2021-09-13
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-13
Also published as: CN113615393B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a subregion-divided pruning type sea buckthorn harvester. The harvester is mainly divided into a harvesting part and a walking part; the harvesting part comprises a furling device, a branching device, a cutting device, a branch poking device, an elevating device and a folding conveying device; the walking part comprises a hydraulic walking device, a hydraulic lifting device, an engine, a machine body and a cab; the harvester spans over sea buckthorn to perform harvesting operation, the branch device divides a cutting area and a passing area of a row of sea buckthorn, and the sea buckthorn in the cutting area is harvested by the cutting device, conveyed by the branch poking device, conveyed by the lifting device and the folding conveying device and finally reaches a material box of a transport vehicle to finish the harvesting process; the harvester has the greatest advantages that planting agronomic requirements are combined, cutting requirements of different heights can be met, and pruning and harvesting can be carried out in regions, so that balance of yield of the sea buckthorn trees in each year is realized, and the effects of pruning and shaping are achieved for the sea buckthorn trees.

Description

Regional pruning type sea-buckthorn harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a regional pruning type sea buckthorn harvester.

Background

The fructus Hippophae is shrub or small arbor of Hippophae of Elaeagnaceae, and contains more than hundreds bioactive substances including more than 10 vitamins, more than 20 flavonoids, and more than 20 organic acids, and has edible and medicinal values of nutrition, health promotion, and human body constitution enhancement.

China is the world with the most abundant sea-buckthorn resources, the total area of the sea-buckthorns is about 300 million, which accounts for more than 90 of the world, and in recent years, the demand of sea-buckthorn fruits in industries such as medicine, food, cosmetics and the like is increasing continuously, so that the planting area of the sea-buckthorns is also increasing year by year; however, the sea-buckthorn fruits are small and short in handle, are clustered on the branches with thorns and are firmly attached, so that the fruit harvesting is very difficult, and the sea-buckthorn fruits become important factors for restricting the development of related industries.

At present, a harvesting machine designed for a large-fruit sea-buckthorn forest planted manually can be mainly divided into a vibration type harvester, an air suction type harvester and a pruning harvester in principle, and the pruning harvester mainly represents a sea-buckthorn fruit pruning harvester developed by Kranemann company of Germany, and when the harvesting machine works, the whole machine is bestrided above a sea-buckthorn tree, and sea-buckthorn branches with a certain height are all cut off according to rows, so that harvesting is carried out; the sea-buckthorn fruit pruning harvester has strong adaptability to sea-buckthorn varieties, can realize higher harvesting efficiency compared with a vibrating harvester and an air-suction harvester, and is suitable for large-area sea-buckthorn harvesting operation; however, the growth cycle of the plants of the sea buckthorn is slow, sea buckthorn seedlings can grow to 2-2.5 meters in 4-5 years, and the average growth height per year is less than 60cm, so that the damage to the sea buckthorn plants is large after the sea buckthorn plants are harvested by full cutting, the sea buckthorn plants cannot obtain enough growth buffer period, and the fruit bearing rate of the next year is seriously influenced; in addition, the harvested sea-buckthorn plants are not high enough in growth and low in fruit bearing rate in the second year harvesting period and do not meet the harvesting conditions of a sea-buckthorn fruit pruning harvester, so that the machine cannot continuously harvest the sea-buckthorn plants every year, and further waste of sea-buckthorn planting resources is serious.

Aiming at the increasingly prominent problem between the harvesting efficiency and the next year fruit bearing rate of the sea-buckthorn pruning harvester, the sea-buckthorn pruning harvester develops the advantages of high recovery ratio and high operation efficiency which are unique to a pruning method and are suitable for large-area harvesting operation, prolongs the harvesting buffer period of sea-buckthorn plants, improves the next year fruit bearing rate and meets the operation conditions required by machine tool harvesting in successive years, and has important functions and significance for ecological environment construction in China, regional economic development and poor delicacy and richness of farmers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a subregion pruning type sea-buckthorn harvester, which combines the agricultural requirements of current sea-buckthorn planting and enables machines and tools to meet the operating conditions of harvesting in successive years in a subregion harvesting mode, thereby realizing the sustainable development of sea-buckthorn plant growth and fruit harvesting and the balance of sea-buckthorn fruit branch harvesting in each year; in addition, the cutting requirements of different heights are met through the structural design of the machine tool, and the sea buckthorn trees can be pruned to play a role in pruning and shaping.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the sea-buckthorn harvester with the branch pruning function comprises a walking part and a harvesting part, wherein the harvesting part operates based on the walking part and is driven by power on the walking part; and the harvester adopts a mode of dividing a row of sea-buckthorns into regions and a shearing harvesting method according to the planting mode of sea-buckthorn plants, and spans over the sea-buckthorns to harvest.

The walking part comprises a cab 5, a machine body 8, a hydraulic lifting device 2, a hydraulic walking device 1 and an engine 11; the cab 5, the hydraulic lifting device 2 and the hydraulic traveling device 1 are installed outside the machine body 8, the cab 5 is installed above the front side of the machine body 8 and is rigidly connected with the upper end face of the machine body 8, the engine 11 is installed in an engine compartment 1102 at the rear left side inside the machine body 8, the engine compartment 1102 is made of steel plates, is box-shaped and is provided with an openable cabin door 1101 at the rear of the engine compartment 1102 through two groups of hinges which are symmetrically distributed; the engine 11 provides power for the forward movement of the hydraulic traveling device 1 arranged below the machine body 8 in a hydraulic driving mode, and simultaneously drives the hydraulic lifting device 2 arranged on the inner side of the hydraulic traveling device 1 to work; the hydraulic lifting device 2 adopted by the invention realizes that the whole machine can be correspondingly adjusted according to requirements under the condition of meeting the operation requirements of different harvesting heights, thereby increasing the flexibility and the universality of machine harvesting.

The harvesting part comprises a furling device 3, a branching device 4, a cutting device 10, a branch poking device 9, a lifting device 6 and a folding conveying device 7, and the harvesting part is arranged on the left side of the machine body 8.

The branch device 4 is arranged on the front side in the interior of the machine body 8 and extends towards the rear of the middle part, the interior of the machine body 8 is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity, the left cavity is a main working area for cutting and harvesting the sea buckthorn, and the right cavity is a passing area for retaining sea buckthorn fruit branches.

The cutting device 10, the branch poking device 9 and the lifting device 6 are arranged in a left cavity of the machine body 8 divided by the branch device 4 in a sequence from front to back, the front end of the left cavity of the machine body 8 is provided with the furling device 3, the furling device 3 is rigidly connected with the outer end face of the machine body 8, the cutting device 10 and the branch poking device 9 are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the inner side of the furling device 3, one end of the lifting device 6 receives the sea buckthorn fruit branches harvested by the cutting device 10 and guided by the branch poking device 9, the other end conveys the sea buckthorn fruit branches to a feeding port of the folding conveying device 7 at the left back end face of the machine body 8, the folding conveying device 7 further conveys the sea buckthorn fruit branches to the upper portion of a conveying vehicle box used in cooperation with the harvester, and then the sea buckthorn fruit branches harvested by the harvester are completely collected by the conveying vehicle.

The gathering device 3 can gather the seabuckthorn plants in the gathering width in the corridor of the guide panel 302 when facing the swelling growth state of the seabuckthorn plants and the condition that partial branches fall outwards, so that the recovery ratio of the harvester to the seabuckthorn fruit branches is greatly improved; the two groups of furling devices 3 are symmetrically arranged in a V shape and extend from two sides in front of the machine body 8, and each group of furling devices 3 comprises a furling table 301 and a guide panel 302; the two groups of gathering tables 301 advance along with the walking part to gather the seabuckthorn plants in the gathering breadth in the gallery of the guide panel 302, the gathering tables 301 at the lower part of the guide panel 302 are rigidly connected with the guide panel 302 on the front side end surface of the machine body 8, the seabuckthorn plants gathered in the gallery of the guide panel 302 enter the machine body 8 after being guided by the guide panel 302, and then the whole row of seabuckthorn plants entering the machine body 8 are further separated into a left side subline of seabuckthorn fruit branches and a right side subline of seabuckthorn fruit branches by the branching device 4 and enter the left chamber and the right chamber respectively.

The cutting device 10 is divided into two groups of transverse cutting knives 1001 and vertical cutting knives 1002, the two groups of transverse cutting knives and the vertical cutting knives are mutually perpendicular reciprocating cutting knives, the vertical cutting knives 1002 are arranged at the front end of the inner side of the left cavity and connected with the branching device 4, the transverse cutting knives 1001 and the vertical cutting knives 1002 are positioned on the same plumb surface and connected with the branching device 4 and the end surface of the outer side of the left cavity in the transverse plumb surface of the chassis, and the two groups of cutting knives are basically identical in structure and comprise cutting knife rests, movable blades, fixed blades, driving shafts, bearings and the like.

According to the invention, the branches of the harvested sea buckthorn are disordered and irregularly arranged, so that the branch poking device 9 is arranged above the cutting device 10 and has the functions of guiding the sea buckthorn branches, preventing the cut branches from being accumulated on a cutting knife to cause knife blockage, and greatly improving the stability and the fluency of the pruning type sea buckthorn harvester in the sub-area during harvesting operation; the branch poking device shaft 9 comprises a branch poking shaft 901 and branch poking rods 902, the branch poking shaft 901 is installed at the upper end of a transverse cutting knife 1001, a certain distance is kept between the branch poking shaft 901 and a vertical cutting knife 1002 at the front end, the branch poking shaft is axially connected with the branch device 4 and the outer side end face of the left cavity in the transverse plumb bob face of the chassis, and 24 hollow branch poking rods 902 with the diameter of 30mm are uniformly distributed on the branch poking shaft 901 and fixed on the branch poking shaft 901 in a threaded connection mode.

The lifting device 6 comprises a lifting conveying belt 603, a lifting rod 604, a driving roller, a driven roller 602, a baffle 601, a main board 606, a delimbing board 607, a guardrail 608, a lifting hydraulic motor 605 and the like, wherein the main board 606 is connected with the branching device 4 and the end face of the outer side of the left chamber in the transverse plumb surface of the chassis, and the driven roller 602, the driving roller and the lifting hydraulic motor 605 are arranged on the main board 606 in the sequence from front to back; the lifting conveyer belt 603 forms a closed loop through the driving roller and the driven roller 602, the roots of the lifting rods 604 are uniformly embedded in the whole lifting conveyer belt 603 in a left-right equidistant arrangement mode through the lifting rods 604, so that the capacity of the lifting conveyer belt 603 for conveying the sea buckthorn branches is increased; the lifting hydraulic motor 605 is fixed on the main board 606 through a bearing seat, and the lifting hydraulic motor 605 is driven to rotate through a hydraulic system, so that a driving roller arranged on the main board 606 of the lifting device 6 is driven to rotate, and the lifting device 6 is driven to operate; the baffles 601 are composed of two groups, are distributed on two sides of the main board 606 of the lifting device 6 in bilateral symmetry, and are rigidly connected with the end surfaces of the inner sides of the left chamber branching device 4 and the machine body 8, and guardrails 608 are arranged on the peripheries of the two groups of baffles 601 for auxiliary fixation; a branch-removing plate 607 is arranged between the two groups of baffles 601, the horizontal part of the lifting conveyer belt 603 above the branch-removing plate 607 is used as a reference, the driving roller is used as an axis, the branch-removing plate 607 inclines downwards at a certain angle and is transversely fixed at the inner side of the baffles 601, the branch-removing plate 607 is provided with four grooves which are equidistant and have the diameter of 5-10 mm larger than that of the lifting rod, when the lifting device 6 works, the sea buckthorn branches attached to the lifting rod 604 are scraped off by the branch-removing plate 607, so that the sea buckthorn branches are effectively conveyed to the folding conveyer device 7, and the fault of the lifting device 6 caused by the interference of the sea buckthorn branches entering the device by mistake is avoided; .

Folding conveyor 7 arranges in 6 discharge gate departments of elevating conveyor, and transverse connection is at organism 8 top afterbody, folding conveyor 7 comprises folding conveyor frame and conveyor, and conveyor arranges in order to realize corresponding function based on folding conveyor frame.

The folding conveying device rack comprises a first truss 703 arranged on the front side and a second truss 701 arranged on the rear side, the first truss 703 is a folding part extending out of the machine body (8), the second truss 701 is rotatably connected with the first truss (703) by 90 degrees through a hydraulic folding device 702, the structures of the first truss and the second truss are similar, and the second truss comprises a left base plate 7011, a right base plate 7011 and two groups of square steel pipes 7012 connected in the middle; the fixing seat 709 below the second truss 701 is connected with the second truss 701 in a threaded manner, and the lower part of the fixing seat 709 is connected with the upper end face of the machine body 8 in a welding manner; the hydraulic folding device 702 comprises hydraulic cylinders 7022, pin shafts 7023, first fixing seats 7025, second fixing seats 7021, first connecting plates 7024 and second connecting plates 7026, the first fixing seats 7025 and the first connecting plates 7024 are fixedly connected with a first truss 703, the second fixing seats 7021 and the second connecting plates 7026 are fixedly connected with a second truss 701, the first connecting plates 7024 are divided into two groups, gaps are reserved between the two groups of first connecting plates 7024 to clamp the second connecting plates 7026, and the two groups of first connecting plates 7023 are rotatably connected in a hinged mode through the pin shafts 7023; pneumatic cylinder 7022 cylinder one end is connected at second fixing base 7021, and pneumatic cylinder 7022 piston rod is connected at first fixing base 7025, and two fixing base tie points inwards incline certain angle respectively, round pin axle 7023 is installed in the one end of keeping away from the tie point to increase the pneumatic cylinder 7022 application of force arm, realize better application of force effect.

The conveying device consists of a driving roller 716, a steering roller 714, a driven roller 711, an auxiliary roller 713, a carrier roller 712, a conveying belt 706, a hydraulic motor 715, a folding baffle 704, a fixed baffle 705, a backflow prevention baffle 707 and a driving roller guard plate 708; the driven roller 711 is arranged at the front end of the first truss 703 through a tensioning device 710, and the steering roller 714 and the auxiliary roller 713 are arranged on the first connecting plate 7024 of the first truss 703 and act together when the first connecting plate 7024 rotates; the driving roller 716 and the hydraulic motor 715 are connected and fixed at the rear side of the second truss 701 through shafts, and supporting rollers 712 are arranged between two groups of square steel pipes 7012 of the first truss 703 and the second truss 701 at equal intervals; the conveyor belt 706 forms a closed loop by means of drive rollers 716, diverting rollers 714 and driven rollers 711; folding baffles 704 are arranged on the upper end faces of base plates 7011 on two sides of the first truss 703, the folding baffles 704 on the left side and the right side are symmetrically distributed, the folding baffles 704 are unfolded through manual operation during work so that seabuckthorn branches are transported according to a specified path, fixed baffles 705 are arranged on the upper end faces of the base plates 7011 on two sides of the second truss 701, and a backflow prevention baffle 707 arranged behind the second truss 701 and connected with the fixed baffles 705 on the left side and the fixed baffles 705 on the right side form a feeding port of the lifting device 6; a drive roller guard 708 above the drive roller is connected to the second truss 701 by a threaded connection.

The foldable baffle 704 comprises a foldable baffle fixing seat 7041, a positioning mandrel 7042, a plum blossom-shaped handle 7043, inclined supporting plates 7044, a panel 7045, a connecting square steel pipe 7046, a shaft sleeve 7047, a driven rotating shaft 7048, a positioning pipe 7049, a spring 70410 and a positioning pin 70411, wherein the foldable baffle fixing seat (7041) is connected with a base plate 7011 through a bolt, the positioning mandrel (7042), the outer plum blossom-shaped handle 7043 arranged on the positioning mandrel 7042 and two groups of inclined supporting plates 7044 directly contacted with the inner side of the shaft pipe of the foldable baffle fixing seat 7041 are axially connected in the shaft hole of the foldable baffle fixing seat 7041, the two groups of inclined supporting plates 7044 and the two groups of positioning pipes 7049 are respectively and fixedly connected, and the two groups of inclined supporting plates 7044 and the panel 7045 are connected in a welding manner; a positioning pin 70411 is arranged in a groove of the positioning tube 7049 and is fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel 7042, in addition, the shaft tube of the folding baffle fixing seat 7041 is provided with the same positioning groove, a positioning pin 70411 is arranged at the position of the groove and is fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel 7042, a spring 70410 is arranged at the inner side of the positioning mandrel 7042 and is fixed through a positioning pin 70411, and through the connection, the manual controllable rotary connection of the panel 7045 and the upper end face of the base plate 7011 at 90 degrees can be realized; in addition, the panel 7045 positioned on the inner side is connected with the outer side panel 7045 through a connecting square steel pipe 7046, and the inner side panel 7045 is connected with the upper end face of the base plate 7011 in a 90-degree rotation mode along with the outer side panel 7045 through the axial connection among the inclined supporting plate 7044, the driven rotating shaft 7048 and the shaft sleeve 7047.

The folding and conveying device 7 adopts the first truss 703 and the second truss 701 to realize rotary connection by the hydraulic folding device 702 and to unfold or fold 90 degrees downwards, and the baffle arranged on the first truss 703 at the unfolding part is of an inward foldable structure, when the harvester operates, the conveying and folding device 7 can unfold according to actual conveying conditions, and the folding baffles 704 unfold through manual operation, so that the sea buckthorn fruit branches can be conveyed according to a specified conveying path in a conveying link of the harvester, when the harvester does not operate, the first truss 703 is folded 90 degrees towards the outer side end face of the machine body 8 through hydraulic drive, and the two groups of folding baffles 704 fold inwards manually, so as to meet the operation requirement of the sea buckthorn fruit branches in the conveying link and the standard requirement of the agricultural machinery for running on roads.

The range of the inclination angle of the delimbing plate 607 of the lifting device 6 is 20-30 degrees.

The invention provides a subregion pruning formula seabuckthorn harvester which has the following advantages:

1. the invention is different from the existing seabuckthorn harvester with row-to-row full cutting, the planting agronomic requirements and the growth characteristics of seabuckthorn plants are emphatically considered, the planting mode of the seabuckthorn plants is actually considered, and finally, an innovative thought of the branch-cutting harvesting in different areas is provided, so that the branch-cutting seabuckthorn harvester in different areas not only can exert the advantages of high recovery ratio and high operation efficiency which are unique to a branch-cutting method and are suitable for large-area harvesting operation, but also can prolong the harvesting buffer period of the seabuckthorn plants and improve the fruit bearing rate in the next year, provides possibility for the annual continuous operation of the harvester, simultaneously improves the utilization rate of seabuckthorn planting resources, and realizes the balance of the annual harvest yield of the seabuckthorn;

2. the regional pruning type sea-buckthorn harvester adopts offset harvesting, namely the interior of a machine body 8 is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity through a branching device 4, the left cavity is a main working region for cutting and harvesting sea-buckthorn, and the right cavity is a passing region for reserving the sea-buckthorn, so that accurate division of labor is guaranteed, and the regional pruning harvesting is more beneficial to machine tool operation in a harvesting mode;

3. in the process of conveying the sea buckthorn fruit branches harvested by the harvester by matching with a transport vehicle, the transportation part extending out of the machine body 8 is designed to be foldable, namely, the first truss 703 and the second truss 701 are rotatably connected by utilizing the hydraulic folding device 702, and the baffle structure which can be folded inwards on the first truss 703 can be ensured by the structural design, so that the safety condition required when the agricultural machine runs on a road can be met under the condition that the operation requirement of conveying the sea buckthorn fruit branches to the transport vehicle by the harvester is not influenced;

4. the lifting rods 604 are uniformly embedded in the whole lifting conveying belt 603, so that the lifting conveying belt 603 can convey the sea buckthorn branches with strong conveying capacity in the working process of the lifting conveying device 6, and the lifting conveying device 6 can lift sea buckthorn branches at a high distance in a limited vehicle body length;

5. when the lifting device 6 works, the branch-removing plate 607 scrapes off the sea-buckthorn branches attached to the lifting rods 604, so that the sea-buckthorn branches are effectively conveyed into the feeding port of the folding conveying device 7, the problem that the lifting device 6 breaks down due to interference caused by the sea-buckthorn branches entering the device by mistake is avoided, high fault tolerance rate of the sea-buckthorn branches in the conveying process is guaranteed, and the operation stability is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sectional pruning type seabuckthorn harvester during operation.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a left chamber of a partitioned pruning type sea buckthorn harvester.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the elevator.

Fig. 4 is a general structural schematic diagram of the folding conveying device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the folding conveyor.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the general structure of the folding baffle.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a subregion pruning type sea buckthorn harvester during non-operation.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. a hydraulic traveling device; 2. a hydraulic lifting device; 3. a furling device; 4, a branching device; 5. a cab; 6. an elevator device; 7. a folding conveyor; 8. a body; 9. a branch poking device; 10. a cutting device; 11. an engine; 301. a folding table; 302. a guide panel; 601. a baffle plate; 602. a driven roller; 603. lifting the conveyor belt; 604. a lifting rod; 605. an elevator hydraulic motor; 606. a main board; 607. a branch removing plate; 608. a guardrail; 901. a branch poking shaft; 902. branch poking rods; 1001. a transverse cutting knife; 1002. erecting a cutting knife; 1101. a cabin door; 1102. an engine compartment; 701. a second truss; 702. a hydraulic folding device; 703. a first truss; 704. folding the baffle; 705. fixing a baffle plate; 706 transporting the belt; 707. an anti-backflow baffle; 708. driving the roller guard plate; 709. a fixed seat; 710. a tensioning device; 711. a driven roller; 712. a carrier roller; 713. an auxiliary roller; 714. a steering roller; 715. a hydraulic motor; 716. a drive roller; 7011. a substrate; 7012. a square steel pipe; 7021. a second fixed seat; 7022. a hydraulic cylinder; 7023. a pin shaft; 7024. a first connecting plate; 7025. a first fixed seat; 7026. a second connecting plate; 7041. a folding baffle fixing seat; 7042. positioning a mandrel; 7043. a plum blossom handle; 7044. a diagonal bracing plate; 7045. a panel; 7046. connecting the square steel pipes; 7047. a shaft sleeve; 7048. a driven rotating shaft; 7049. a positioning tube; 70410. a spring; 70411. and a positioning pin.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "height", "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "all around", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In addition, in the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; may be a mechanical connection; or may be an electrical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the sea buckthorn harvester with pruning according to the present invention comprises a walking part and a harvesting part, wherein the harvesting part operates based on the walking part, and the harvesting part is driven by power on the walking part; and the harvester adopts a row-to-row harvesting mode and a pruning harvesting method to cross over the sea-buckthorn plants for harvesting aiming at the planting mode of the sea-buckthorn plants.

The walking part comprises a cab 5, a machine body 8, a hydraulic lifting device 2, a hydraulic walking device 1 and an engine 11; the cab 5, the hydraulic lifting device 2 and the hydraulic traveling device 1 are installed outside the machine body 8, the cab 5 is installed above the front side of the machine body 8 and is rigidly connected with the upper end face of the machine body 8, the engine 11 is installed in an engine compartment 1102 at the rear left side inside the machine body 8, the engine compartment 1102 is made of steel plates, is box-shaped and is provided with an openable cabin door 1101 at the rear of the engine compartment 1102 through two groups of hinges which are symmetrically distributed; the engine 11 provides power for the forward movement of the hydraulic traveling device 1 arranged below the machine body 8 in a hydraulic driving mode, and simultaneously drives the hydraulic lifting device 2 arranged on the inner side of the hydraulic traveling device 1 to work; in addition, the motor 11 drives the harvesting part to work through a transmission device.

The branch device 4 is arranged on the front side in the interior of the machine body 8 and extends towards the rear of the middle, the interior of the machine body 8 is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity, the left cavity is a main working area for cutting and harvesting the sea buckthorn, and the right cavity retains a passing area of sea buckthorn fruit branches.

The two groups of furling devices 3 are symmetrically arranged in a V shape and extend from two sides in front of the machine body 8, and each group of furling devices 3 comprises a furling table 301 and a guide panel 302; the two groups of gathering tables 301 advance along with the walking part to gather the seabuckthorn plants in the gathering breadth in the gallery of the guide panel 302, the gathering tables 301 at the lower part of the guide panel 302 are rigidly connected with the guide panel 302 on the front side end surface of the machine body 8, the seabuckthorn plants gathered in the gallery of the guide panel 302 enter the machine body 8 after being guided by the guide panel 302, and then the whole row of seabuckthorn plants entering the machine body 8 are further separated into a left side subline of seabuckthorn fruit branches and a right side subline of seabuckthorn fruit branches by the branching device 4 and enter the left chamber and the right chamber respectively.

The branch poking device shaft 9 comprises a branch poking shaft 901 and branch poking rods 902, the branch poking shaft 901 is installed at the upper end of a transverse cutting knife 1001, a certain distance is kept between the branch poking shaft 901 and a vertical cutting knife 1002 at the front end, the branch poking shaft is axially connected with the branch device 4 and the outer side end face of the left cavity in the transverse plumb bob face of the chassis, and 24 hollow branch poking rods 902 with the diameter of 30mm are uniformly distributed on the branch poking shaft 901 and fixed on the branch poking shaft 901 in a threaded connection mode.

The lifting device 6 comprises a lifting conveying belt 603, a lifting rod 604, a driving roller, a driven roller 602, a baffle 601, a main board 606, a delimbing board 607, a guardrail 608, a lifting hydraulic motor 605 and the like, wherein the main board 606 is connected with the branching device 4 and the end face of the outer side of the left chamber in the transverse plumb surface of the chassis, and the driven roller 602, the driving roller and the lifting hydraulic motor 605 are arranged on the main board 606 in the sequence from front to back; the lifting conveyer belt 603 forms a closed loop through the driving roller and the driven roller 602, the roots of the lifting rods 604 are uniformly embedded in the whole lifting conveyer belt 603 in a left-right equidistant arrangement mode through the lifting rods 604, so that the capacity of the lifting conveyer belt 603 for conveying the sea buckthorn branches is increased; the lifting hydraulic motor 605 is fixed on the main board 606 through a bearing seat, and the lifting hydraulic motor 605 is driven to rotate through a hydraulic system, so that a driving roller arranged on the main board 606 of the lifting device 6 is driven to rotate, and the lifting device 6 is driven to operate; the baffles 601 are composed of two groups, are distributed on two sides of the main board 606 of the lifting device 6 in bilateral symmetry, and are rigidly connected with the end surfaces of the inner sides of the left chamber branching device 4 and the machine body 8, and guardrails 608 are arranged on the peripheries of the two groups of baffles 601 for auxiliary fixation; and a branch-removing plate 607 is arranged between the two groups of baffles 601, the horizontal part of the lifting conveyer belt 603 above the branch-removing plate 607 is used as a reference, the driving roller is used as an axis, the branch-removing plate 607 inclines downwards for a certain angle and is transversely fixed at the inner side of the baffles 601, the branch-removing plate 607 is provided with four grooves which are equidistant and have the diameter of 5-10 mm larger than that of the lifting rod, when the lifting device 6 works, the sea buckthorn branches attached to the lifting rod 604 are scraped by the branch-removing plate 607, so that the sea buckthorn branches are effectively conveyed to the folding conveyer device 7, and the fault of the lifting device 6 caused by the interference of the sea buckthorn branches entering the device by mistake is avoided.

Before the operation of a subregion pruning type sea-buckthorn harvester is started, a hydraulic lifting device of a walking part is controlled according to the height requirement of the harvesting operation, so that the harvesting height of a machine tool meets the operation requirement, a conveying folding device is unfolded according to the actual conveying condition, a folding baffle is unfolded through manual operation, the preparation work is completed, and then cutting harvesting is carried out; as the vehicle body moves forward, the sea buckthorn fruit branches in the harvested breadth are collected in the guide panel corridor by the two groups of collecting tables arranged in a V shape; the sea buckthorn plants gathered in the gallery of the guide panel enter the machine body after being guided by the guide panel along with the further advance of the vehicle body, and then the whole row of sea buckthorn plants entering the machine body is further separated into a left sub-row sea buckthorn fruit branch and a right sub-row sea buckthorn fruit branch by the branch device and enters the left chamber and the right chamber respectively; the sea buckthorn fruit branches entering the right chamber are not taken as harvested objects and are well reserved through a reserved channel of the right chamber; the sea-buckthorn fruits entering the left chamber are firstly sheared by two groups of vertical cutters and transverse cutters of a cutting device, all sea-buckthorn fruit branches entering the left chamber are separated from plants, then the cut sea-buckthorn branches are guided to a lifting device by a branch poking device, then the sea-buckthorn fruit branches are lifted to a certain height through a lifting conveyer belt consisting of lifting rods and conveyed to a feeding port of a folding conveyer device, in addition, part of the sea-buckthorn branches attached to the lifting rods are scraped by a branch poking plate and conveyed into the folding conveyer device together, then the folding conveyer device further conveys the sea-buckthorn fruit branches to the upper part of a conveyer box matched with a harvester, and then the sea-buckthorn fruit branches harvested by the harvester are completely collected by a conveyer; the harvesting process is completed. In the working process of the lifting device, the installation angle of the delimbing plate can be adjusted according to the condition that the sea buckthorn branches are scraped by the delimbing plate, so that an ideal delimbing effect is achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a subregion beta pruning formula seabuckthorn harvester which characterized in that: the harvester consists of a walking part and a harvesting part, wherein the harvesting part is arranged on the walking part to operate and is driven by power on the walking part;

the walking part includes: the hydraulic lifting device comprises a hydraulic walking device (1), a hydraulic lifting device (2), an engine (11), a machine body (8) and a cab (5); the hydraulic traveling device (1), the hydraulic lifting device (2) and the cab (5) are installed outside the machine body (8), the cab (5) is installed above the front side of the machine body (8) and is rigidly connected with the upper end face of the machine body (8), the engine (11) is installed in an engine compartment (1102) at the rear left side inside the machine body (8), the engine compartment (1102) is made of steel and is in a box shape, and an openable cabin door (1101) is arranged behind the engine compartment (1102); the engine (11) provides power for the hydraulic walking device (1) arranged below the machine body (8) in a hydraulic driving mode, and simultaneously drives the hydraulic lifting device (2) arranged on the inner side of the hydraulic walking device (1) to work; in addition, the engine (11) also provides power for the harvesting part in a hydraulic driving mode;

the harvesting component comprises: the device comprises a furling device (3), a branching device (4), a cutting device (10), a branch poking device (9), a lifting device (6) and a folding conveying device (7); the folding device (3) is arranged on the front side of the machine body (8) and is rigidly connected with the outer end face of the machine body (8), the branching device (4) is arranged on the front side in the interior of the machine body (8) and extends towards the rear of the middle part, the interior of the machine body (8) is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity, the left cavity is a cutting area for harvesting sea-buckthorn, and the right cavity is a passing area for retaining the sea-buckthorn; the cutting device (10), the branch poking device (9) and the lifting device (6) are arranged in a left cavity of the machine body (8) divided by the branch device (4) from front to back in sequence, the branch poking device (9) and the cutting device (10) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner side of the furling device (3), one end of the lifting device (6) receives the sea buckthorn fruit branches harvested and poked by the cutting device (10) and the branch poking device (9), the other end conveys the sea buckthorn fruit branches to a feeding opening of a folding conveying device (7) at the left back of the machine body (8), and the folding conveying device (7) further conveys the sea buckthorn fruit branches to a conveying vehicle material box matched with the harvester.

2. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 1, wherein: the two groups of furling devices (3) are symmetrically arranged in a V shape and extend outwards from two sides in front of the machine body (8), and each group of furling devices (3) comprises a furling table (301) and a guide panel (302); the two groups of gathering tables (301) move forward along with the walking part, gather the seabuckthorn plants in the gathering breadth in the gallery of the guide panel (302), the gathering tables (301) positioned at the lower part of the guide panel (302) are rigidly connected with the guide panel (302) on the front side end surface of the machine body (8), gather the seabuckthorn plants in the gallery of the guide panel (302), are guided by the guide panel (302) to enter the machine body (8), and then the branching device (4) further separates the whole row of seabuckthorn plants entering the machine body (8) into a left side subline row of seabuckthorn fruit branches and a right subline row of seabuckthorn fruit branches, which enter a left chamber and a right chamber respectively.

3. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 1, wherein: the cutting device (10) is divided into two groups, namely a horizontal cutting knife (1001) and a vertical cutting knife (1002), the two groups are mutually perpendicular reciprocating cutting knives, the vertical cutting knife (1002) is arranged at the front end of the inner side of the left cavity and connected with the branching device (4), the horizontal cutting knife (1001) and the vertical cutting knife (1002) are positioned on the same plumb surface and connected with the branching device (4) and the left end surface of the left cavity in the transverse plumb surface of the chassis, and the two groups of cutting knives are basically identical in structure and comprise a cutting knife rest, a movable blade, a fixed blade, a driving shaft, a bearing and the like.

4. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 1, wherein: the branch poking device (9) comprises a branch poking shaft (901) and branch poking rods (902), the branch poking shaft (901) is arranged above the transverse cutting knife (1001) and keeps a certain distance with the vertical cutting knife (1002) at the front end, the branch poking shaft is axially connected with the branch device (4) and the left side end face of the left cavity in the transverse plumb bob surface of the chassis, and 24 hollow branch poking rods (902) with the diameter of 30mm are uniformly distributed on the branch poking shaft (901) and fixed on the branch poking shaft (901) in a threaded connection mode.

5. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 1, wherein: the lifting device (6) comprises a lifting conveying belt (603), a lifting rod (604), a driving roller, a driven roller (602), a baffle plate (601), a main plate (606), a delimbing plate (607), a guardrail (608), a lifting hydraulic motor (605) and the like, wherein the main plate (606) is connected with the branching device (4) and the left side end face of the left cavity in a transverse plumb surface of the chassis, and the driven roller (602), the driving roller and the lifting hydraulic motor (605) are arranged on the main plate (606) in a sequence from front to back; the lifting conveyer belt (603) forms a closed loop through the driving roller and the driven roller (602), the roots of the lifting rods (604) are uniformly embedded in the whole lifting conveyer belt (603) in a left-right equidistant arrangement mode through the lifting rods (604), so that the capacity of the lifting conveyer belt (603) for conveying the sea buckthorn branches is increased; the lifting hydraulic motor (605) is fixed on the main board (606) through a bearing seat and drives the lifting hydraulic motor (605) to rotate in a hydraulic driving mode, so that a driving roller arranged on the main board (606) of the lifting device (6) is driven to rotate, and the lifting device (6) operates; the baffles (601) are composed of two groups, are distributed on two sides of the main board (606) in bilateral symmetry and are rigidly connected with the end surfaces of the inner sides of the left chamber branching device (4) and the machine body (8), and guardrails (608) are arranged on the peripheries of the two groups of baffles (601) for auxiliary fixation; and a branch removing plate (607) is arranged between the two groups of baffle plates (601), the horizontal part of the lifting conveyer belt (603) above the branch removing plate (607) is used as a reference, the driving roller is used as an axis, the branch removing plate is downwards inclined by a certain angle and is transversely fixed on the inner side of the baffle plate (601), the branch removing plate (607) is provided with four grooves which are equidistant and have the diameter of 5-10 mm larger than that of the lifting rod (604), when the lifting device (6) works, the sea buckthorn branches attached to the lifting rod (604) are scraped by the branch removing plate (607), so that the sea buckthorn fruit branches are effectively conveyed to the folding conveyer device (7), and the problem that the lifting device (6) is out of order due to interference caused by the sea buckthorn branches entering the device by mistake is avoided.

6. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 1, wherein: the folding conveying device (7) is arranged at a discharge port of the lifting device (6) and is transversely connected to the tail part above the machine body (8), the folding conveying device (7) consists of a folding conveying device rack and a conveying device, and the conveying device is arranged based on the folding conveying device rack to realize a conveying function;

the folding conveying device rack comprises a first truss (703) arranged on the front side and a second truss (701) arranged on the rear side, the first truss (703) is a folding part extending out of the machine body (8), the second truss (701) is connected with the first truss (703) in a 90-degree rotating mode through a hydraulic folding device (702), the structures of the first truss and the second truss are similar, and the second truss and the first truss both comprise a left base plate (7011) and a right base plate (7011) and two groups of square steel pipes (7012) connected in the middle; the fixed seat (709) positioned below the second truss (701) is connected with the second truss (701) in a threaded mode, and the lower part of the fixed seat (709) is connected with the upper end face of the machine body (8) in a welding mode; the hydraulic folding device (702) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (7022), a pin shaft (7023), a first fixing seat (7025), a second fixing seat (7021), a first connecting plate (7024) and a second connecting plate (7026), wherein the first fixing seat (7025), the first connecting plate (7024) and a first truss (703) are fixedly connected, the second fixing seat (7021), the second connecting plate (7026) and a second truss (701) are fixedly connected, the first connecting plates (7024) are divided into two groups, a gap is reserved between the two groups to clamp the second connecting plate (7026), and the two groups are rotatably connected in a hinged mode through the pin shaft (7023); one end of a cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder (7022) is connected to the second fixing seat (7021), a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (7022) is connected to the first fixing seat (7025), connecting points of the two fixing seats are inclined inwards by a certain angle respectively, and the pin shaft (7023) is installed at one end far away from the connecting points so as to increase the force application arm of the hydraulic cylinder (7022) and realize a better force application effect;

the conveying device consists of a driving roller (716), a steering roller (714), a driven roller (711), an auxiliary roller (713), a carrier roller (712), a conveying belt (706), a hydraulic motor (715), a tensioning device (710), a folding baffle (704), a fixed baffle (705), an anti-backflow baffle (707) and a driving roller guard plate (708); the driven roller (711) is arranged at the front end of the first truss (703) through a tensioning device (710), and the steering roller (714) and the auxiliary roller (713) are arranged on a first connecting plate (7024) of the first truss (703) and act together when rotating with the first connecting plate (7024); the driving roller (716) and the hydraulic motor (715) are fixedly connected to the rear side of the second truss (701) through a shaft, and carrier rollers (712) are arranged between two groups of square steel pipes (7012) of the first truss (703) and the second truss (701) at equal intervals; the conveying belt (706) forms a closed loop through a driving roller (716), a steering roller (714) and a driven roller (711); folding baffles (704) are arranged on the upper end faces of base plates (7011) on two sides of the first truss (703), the folding baffles (704) on the left side and the right side are symmetrically distributed, the folding baffles (704) are unfolded through manual operation during work so that sea buckthorn branches are transported according to a specified path, fixed baffles (705) are arranged on the upper end faces of the base plates (7011) on two sides of the second truss (701), and a backflow prevention baffle (707) which is arranged behind the second truss (701) and connected with the fixed baffle (705) on the left side and the fixed baffle (705) on the right side form a feeding port of the lifting device (6); a drive roller guard (708) above the drive roller is connected to the second truss (701) by a threaded connection.

7. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 6, wherein: the foldable baffle (704) comprises a foldable baffle fixing seat (7041), a positioning mandrel (7042), a plum blossom handle (7043), inclined supporting plates (7044), a panel (7045), a connecting square steel pipe (7046), a shaft sleeve (7047), a driven rotating shaft (7048), a positioning pipe (7049), a spring (70410) and a positioning pin (70411), wherein the foldable baffle fixing seat (7041) is connected with a base plate (7011) through a bolt, the positioning mandrel (7042), the outer plum blossom handle (7043) arranged on the positioning mandrel (7042) and two groups of inclined supporting plates (7044) in direct contact with the inner side of the shaft pipe of the foldable baffle fixing seat (7041) are axially connected in the shaft hole of the foldable baffle fixing seat (7041), the two groups of inclined supporting plates (7044) are respectively and fixedly connected with the two groups of positioning pipes (7049), and the two groups of inclined supporting plates (7044) are connected with the panel (7045) in a welding mode; a positioning pin (70411) is arranged in a groove of the positioning tube (7049) and is fixedly connected with a positioning mandrel (7042), in addition, the shaft tube of the folding baffle fixing seat (7041) is provided with the same positioning groove, a positioning pin (70411) is arranged at the groove position and is fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel (7042), a spring (70410) is arranged at the inner side of the positioning mandrel (7042) and is fixed through a positioning pin (70411), and through the connection, the panel (7045) can be manually controlled and rotatably connected with the upper end face of the substrate (7011) at 90 degrees; in addition, the panel (7045) positioned on the inner side is connected with the outer side panel (7045) through a connecting square steel pipe (7046), and the inner side panel (7045) is connected with the upper end face of the base plate (7011) in a 90-degree rotating mode along with the outer side panel (7045) through axial connection among the inclined supporting plate (7044), the driven rotating shaft (7048) and the shaft sleeve (7047).

8. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 6 or 7, wherein: the folding and conveying device (7) adopts a first truss (703) and a second truss (701) to realize rotary connection and unfolding or folding at 90 degrees downwards by a hydraulic folding device (702), and two groups of baffles arranged on the first truss (703) extending out of the machine body (8) are of inward foldable structures, when the harvester works, the conveying folding device (7) can be unfolded according to the actual conveying condition, meanwhile, the two groups of folding baffles (704) are unfolded through manual operation, so that the sea buckthorn fruit branches can be conveyed according to a specified conveying path in the conveying link of the harvester, when the machine is not in operation, the first truss (703) is driven by hydraulic pressure to fold towards the outer end face of the machine body (8) for 90 degrees, the two groups of folding baffles (704) are folded inwards manually, the structural design can meet the operation requirement of the sea buckthorn fruit branches in the conveying link and the standard requirement of agricultural machinery on road running.

9. The field pruning type seabuckthorn harvester of claim 5, wherein: the inclination angle range of the delimbing plate (607) of the lifting device (6) is 20-30 degrees.