CN113612012B - Movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure - Google Patents
Movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113612012B CN113612012B CN202110859076.XA CN202110859076A CN113612012B CN 113612012 B CN113612012 B CN 113612012B CN 202110859076 A CN202110859076 A CN 202110859076A CN 113612012 B CN113612012 B CN 113612012B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure which comprises a current strip, a Faraday shield, a back plate, a grid plate, ceramics and a movable connecting rod. The current strip is arranged between the Faraday shield and the backboard, one end of the current strip is connected with the inner conductor of the radio frequency transmission line, and the other end of the current strip is fixed on the box body; the grid plate and the ceramic are assembled together through a movable connecting rod and suspended and fixed between the current strip and the backboard; the ceramic-connected metal grid plate is characterized in that the metal grid plate connected with the ceramic is of a grid structure and is fixed with a movable connecting rod, and water cooling loops are arranged in the grid plate and the movable connecting rod; the resonant frequency of the antenna is not changed by the change of the plasma state, the load impedance of the antenna is changed, the reflection coefficient of the antenna is affected to a certain extent, but the resonant frequency of the antenna is not changed, so that the stability of the radiation performance of the antenna is guaranteed, and the high-power steady operation of the antenna is reliably guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic confinement ion cyclotron heating plasma antennas, in particular to a movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure which is used for heating plasma in a tokamak, and the working frequency range is 30-100MHz.
Background
Ion cyclotron resonance heating is one of the important methods for heating ions on the magnetic confinement device at present, and is widely applied to various magnetic confinement plasma devices. The ion cyclotron frequency is 30-100MHz, the wavelength in vacuum is about 3-10 meters, the ion cyclotron is limited by the size of a Tokamak window, the length of the ion cyclotron antenna is far lower than 1/4 wavelength, the input impedance of the antenna is usually 1-10 ohms, the characteristic impedance of a transmission line is 30 or 50 ohms, and the power transmission efficiency is low due to impedance mismatch. Conventional ion cyclotron antenna scattering parameter S 11 At-0.2 dB or more, reflected power forms a high standing wave on the transmission line during megawatt high power operation, increasing the standing wave voltage of the transmission line, which is prone to breakdown and sparking. In order to effectively improve the radiation performance of the antenna, the invention designs an ion cyclotron antenna with low reflection power by utilizing the principle of high surface impedance waves: a high-dielectric-constant dielectric (such as ceramic) surface is perforated for connecting the metal of ceramic surface with the grounding component, and the resonant ion cyclotron antenna meeting specific frequency is designed by adjusting the metal structure and the grounding via holes to control the resonant frequency of the antenna. In the related patent (CN 108601190A, CN110278649 a) and the article of the prior application, the structure is only faraday shield, strips and box, and no movable ceramic and metal grid structure is found in the ion cyclotron antenna structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low radiation efficiency and high reflection coefficient of the traditional ion cyclotron short antenna, the invention designs a movable ceramic structure based on a surface wave structure, and realizes the resonance of the antenna in the working frequency range.
The invention aims to provide a movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure, which is a high-speed meterThe ion cyclotron antenna with surface impedance is characterized in that a movable grid type metal structure and a ceramic structure are designed between an antenna current strip and an antenna box body, holes are formed in the ceramic, the metal structure penetrates through a via hole in the ceramic to be connected with a grounding structure, under the condition that the length of the ion cyclotron antenna is not changed, the capacitance and inductance of the antenna are changed by adjusting the positions of the ceramic and a grid plate relative to the current strip, so that the ion cyclotron antenna resonates with a plasma frequency, the radiation power of the antenna is effectively improved, and the antenna scattering parameter S is obtained 11 The reflection coefficient is effectively reduced below-10 dB, so that high-temperature plasma is obtained, and effective heating of the Tokamak plasma is ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure comprises a Faraday shield 2, a box body 5, a current strip 1, a grid plate 3, ceramics 4, a movable connecting rod 7 and a metal sliding sheet base 8. The Faraday shielding box body 5 is fixed on the backboard; the current strip 1 is arranged between the Faraday shielding box 5 and the backboard, one end of the current strip is connected to the radio frequency coaxial line 10, and the other end of the current strip is fixed on the Faraday shielding box 5. A movable ceramic 4 is arranged between the antenna current strip 1 and the box 5, a movable connecting rod 7 passes through the center of the ceramic 4, and the ceramic 4 is attached to the movable connecting rod 7.
Further, the antenna structure further comprises a back plate. The grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are assembled together through a movable connecting rod 7 and suspended and fixed between the current strip 1 and the backboard.
Further, the ceramic 4 is made of 99 ceramics, holes are formed in specific positions, the movable connecting rod 7 passes through the center, and the ceramic 4 is closely attached to the movable connecting rod 7.
Further, the grid metal plate connected with the ceramic 4 is in a grid structure, the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7 are fixed together to form a resonance loop with the antenna current strip, and a water cooling loop is designed inside the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7.
Further, the movable ceramic 4 moves through the movable connecting rod 7, and the movable connecting rod 7 is connected with the box body through the fixed shaft sleeve 6 with the metal sliding sheet 9.
Further, the ceramic 4, the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7 are fixed on the back plate together through the fixed shaft sleeve 6, the grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are arranged between the current strip and the back plate in a suspending mode, the distance between the ceramic 4 and the box body 5 is kept, and the movable connecting rod and the box body 5 are connected through the metal sliding sheet 9 on the metal sliding sheet base 8. Ensuring good electrical contact between the movable connecting rod 7 and the housing 5.
Further, the ceramic 4 is 99 porcelain.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. under the condition that the length of the ion cyclotron antenna is not changed (the length of the antenna is limited by the actual size of a Tokamak window), the ion cyclotron frequency of plasma resonates with the structural frequency of the antenna, and the efficient radiation of the antenna is realized;
2. compared with the ion cyclotron antenna operated on Tokamak at present, the ion cyclotron antenna has the advantages that the reflection coefficient is lower (theoretical value is smaller than-10 dB), and compared with the ion cyclotron antenna operated on Tokamak at present, the power reflection coefficient (larger than-0.2 dB) is greatly reduced, so that the power capacity of the system is effectively improved;
3. the radiation performance of the antenna is less affected by load, namely, the radiation performance of the antenna is not changed by the change of the plasma state, so that the practical range of the ion cyclotron antenna is ensured. Both theory and simulation prove that the change of the load impedance of the antenna has certain influence on the reflection coefficient of the antenna, but the resonance frequency is not changed, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna can reach the optimal effect, and the high-power effective transmission can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional side view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the structure of a grid metal plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a fixed shaft sleeve of the movable connecting rod in contact with a box body;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a comparison of scattering parameters of an antenna of the present invention with conventional antennas.
Reference numerals:
1: a current strip; 2: a Faraday shield; 3: a grid plate; 4: a ceramic; 5: a case; 6: fixing the shaft sleeve; 7: a movable link; 8: a metal slide base; 9: a metal slip sheet; 10: and (5) a coaxial line.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional side view of the structure of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a fixed shaft sleeve in which the movable link 7 of the present invention contacts the case 5. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure comprises a faraday shield 2, a box 5, a current strip 1, a grid plate 3, ceramics 4, a movable connecting rod 7 and a metal sliding sheet base 8. The Faraday shielding box body 5 is fixed on the backboard; the current strip 1 is mounted between the faraday shield box 5 and the back plate.
One end of the current strip 1 is connected with the box 5, one end is connected with the radio frequency coaxial line 10, the grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are positioned between the current strip 1 and the backboard, and the grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are connected with the box backboard through the movable connecting rod 7.
The movable ceramic 4 is arranged between the antenna current strip 1 and the box body 5, the ceramic is 99 porcelain, the movable connecting rod 7 passes through the center of the ceramic 4, and the ceramic is tightly attached to the movable connecting rod.
The movable ceramic 4 is moved by a movable connecting rod. The ceramic 4, the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7 are fixed on the back plate through the fixed shaft sleeve, the grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are arranged between the current strip 1 and the back plate in a suspending mode, a certain distance is kept between the grid plate 3 and the back plate and the box body 5 and the current strip 1 respectively, the movable connecting rod 7 is connected with the box body 5 through a metal sliding sheet (9) on a metal sliding sheet base (8), and good electric contact between the movable connecting rod 7 and the box body 5 is guaranteed.
Fig. 2 is a view showing a structure of a grid metal plate according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the grating plate 3 includes a plurality of parallel transverse grating plates and a vertical grating plate, and grooves are formed in the vertical grating plate for the transverse grating plates to be inserted. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the grid plate 3 and the ceramic 4 are connected with the movable connecting rod 7, the other end of the movable connecting rod 7 passes through the box 5 and is contacted with the box 5 through the metal sliding vane base 8, and the metal sliding vane 9 is arranged between the metal sliding vane base 8 and the box 5, so that the effect of ensuring good electric contact is achieved. The metal sliding sheet base 8 is fixed on the box body 5 through the fixed shaft sleeve 6, and plays a role in mechanical fixation.
The grid metal plate connected with the ceramic 4 adopts a grid structure, the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7 are fixed together to form a resonance loop with the antenna current strip 1, and a water cooling loop is designed inside the grid plate 3 and the movable connecting rod 7.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 4, radio frequency wave excites electromagnetic field between the current strip 1 and the box 5, faraday shield 2, grid plate 3, ceramic 4, movable connecting rod 7 play a role in adjusting capacitance and resistance of circuit, and the movable connecting rod 7 is adjusted to make the antenna resonate at working frequency, so as to realize high-efficiency radiation.
Fig. 5 is a comparison of scattering parameters of an antenna of the present invention with conventional antennas. As shown in figure 5, the antenna of the invention has lower power reflection coefficient than the traditional antenna, and the radiation performance is greatly improved.
The present invention is not described in detail in part as being well known to those skilled in the art. The above examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are not exhaustive of all details, nor are they intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. Various modifications and improvements of the technical scheme of the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined in the claims without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure, which is characterized in that: comprises a Faraday shield (2), a box body (5), a current strip (1), a grid plate (3), ceramics (4), a movable connecting rod (7) and a metal sliding sheet base (8);the Faraday shielding box body (5) is fixed on the backboard; the current strip (1) is arranged between the Faraday shielding box body (5) and the backboard, one end of the current strip (1) is connected to the radio frequency coaxial line (10), and the other end of the current strip is fixed on the Faraday shielding box body (5); a movable ceramic (4) is arranged between the antenna current strip (1) and the box body (5), the movable connecting rod (7) passes through the center of the ceramic (4), and the ceramic (4) is attached to the movable connecting rod (7); the grid plate (3) and the ceramic (4) are connected with the back plate of the box body through a movable connecting rod (7); the movable ceramic (4) moves through a movable connecting rod (7), and the movable connecting rod (7) is connected with the box body through a fixed shaft sleeve (6) with a metal sliding sheet (9); the ceramic (4) is fixed on the back plate together with the grid plate (3) and the movable connecting rod (7) through the fixed shaft sleeve (6), the grid plate (3) and the ceramic (4) are suspended between the current strip (1) and the back plate, the distance between the ceramic and the box body (5) and the current strip (1) is kept, and the movable connecting rod (7) and the box body are connected through a metal sliding sheet (9) on the metal sliding sheet base (8); the cyclotron antenna structure is an ion cyclotron antenna with high surface impedance, a movable grid type metal structure and a ceramic structure are designed between an antenna current strip and an antenna box body, holes are formed in the ceramic, the metal structure penetrates through holes in the ceramic to be connected with a grounding structure, under the condition that the length of the ion cyclotron antenna is not changed, the capacitance and inductance of the antenna are changed by adjusting the positions of the ceramic and a grid plate relative to the current strip, so that the ion cyclotron antenna and plasma frequency resonance are realized, the radiation power of the antenna is effectively improved, and the antenna scattering parameter S is obtained 11 Below-10 dB.
2. The movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure of claim 1, wherein: the grid metal plate connected with the ceramic (4) adopts a grid structure, the grid plate (3) and the movable connecting rod (7) are fixed together to form a resonant loop with the antenna current strip (1), and a water cooling loop is designed inside the grid plate (3) and the movable connecting rod (7).
3. The movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic (4) adopts 99 porcelain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110859076.XA CN113612012B (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure |
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| CN202110859076.XA CN113612012B (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Movable grid type surface wave ion cyclotron antenna structure |
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| CN113612012A CN113612012A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
| CN113612012B true CN113612012B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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