CN113964507B - Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy - Google Patents
Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113964507B CN113964507B CN202111139734.4A CN202111139734A CN113964507B CN 113964507 B CN113964507 B CN 113964507B CN 202111139734 A CN202111139734 A CN 202111139734A CN 113964507 B CN113964507 B CN 113964507B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection, which comprises: the antenna comprises a medium substrate, a radiation patch, a coaxial line, a grounding plate, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, an impedance matching adjusting section and a lumped port, wherein the radiation patch and the impedance matching adjusting section are arranged on the front side of the medium substrate, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial is arranged on the back side of the medium substrate, so that the upper surface and the lower surface are provided with good feed, the electromagnetic weak coupling with broadband characteristics is facilitated, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is equivalent to an LC resonant circuit, inductance and capacitance are resonant at the same frequency, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, the multi-frequency-band radio frequency signal receiving is realized, the structure is simpler, the size is smaller, the good frequency characteristics are realized, and the antenna has high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency energy collection, in particular to an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection.
Background
The application of low-power consumption equipment and devices is becoming more and more popular in the fields of medical care, environmental monitoring, industrial automation, wireless sensor networks, intelligent transportation systems and the like. However, many devices are affected by installation conditions, and the power supply is difficult to replace, which directly affects the service range and service life of the device. With the gradual increase of wireless communication and broadcasting facilities, the power of collectable radio frequency signals in the environment gradually increases; meanwhile, low-power consumption devices are rapidly developed, and the requirements of the low-power consumption devices on driving energy are gradually reduced. The collected radio frequency energy is used for supplying power to the equipment, so that the requirement of the equipment on the battery can be reduced, the equipment battery can be charged as an auxiliary power supply, the equipment battery can also be used as a standby power supply of the equipment, and the working time of the equipment is prolonged. The receiving antenna is one of the core parts of the radio frequency energy collecting system, and can receive radio frequency signals from the surrounding environment, the radio frequency signals are converted into direct current, boosted and stored energy through the rectifying circuit, and the load is supplied with power.
The receiving antenna of the existing radio frequency energy collecting system has the following technical problems:
the microstrip patch antenna needs to develop towards high performance directions such as broadband, high gain, miniaturization, multiple frequency bands and the like, but all indexes of the microstrip patch antenna are mutually restricted, bandwidth or radiation efficiency is required to be sacrificed when the size of the antenna is required to be reduced, so that how to improve the performance of the microstrip patch antenna is a main problem of improving all the performances of the microstrip patch antenna while reducing the size.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention designs an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy, wherein a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is equivalent to an LC resonant circuit, a narrower line width and a longer line length provide larger inductance, a narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, the current distribution on a radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, and the resonance of the antenna is disturbed, so that dual-frequency or multi-frequency work is realized, and the receiving of multi-frequency band radio frequency signals is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy is characterized by comprising the following components: the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation patch 4, a coaxial line 5, a grounding plate 10, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a lumped port 16, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 is identical in shape and size with the grounding plate 10, a square slot is formed in the center of the grounding plate 10, the center of the square slot is coincident with the center of the grounding plate 10, the dielectric substrate 1 is fixedly connected with the grounding plate 10, the size of the radiation patch 4 is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate 1, the radiation patch 4 is provided with a slot, the radiation patch 4 is fixedly connected with the other surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the center of the radiation patch 4 is coincident with the center of the dielectric substrate 1, a through hole is formed in the center of the radiation patch 4 and the center of the dielectric substrate 1, the coaxial line 5 is arranged in the through hole, the coaxial line 5 penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch 4 is electrically connected with the coaxial line 5, the coaxial line 5 is electrically connected with the lumped port 16 at the end of the grounding plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in the slot of the grounding plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit forms a closed loop, and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the microstrip substrate 1.
Further, it also includes: the impedance matching adjusting section is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate 1 and is electrically connected with the radiation patch 4.
Further, the material of the grounding plate 10 is a metal material.
Further, the impedance matching adjustment sections are rectangular and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the radiation patch 4.
Further, the thickness of the copper-clad of the radiation patch 4, the impedance matching adjustment section and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 0.035mm.
The electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy has the beneficial effects that:
1. an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy is characterized in that a rectangular radiation patch and an impedance matching adjustment section are arranged on the front surface of a dielectric substrate, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, so that good feed is realized on the upper surface and the lower surface, electromagnetic weak coupling with broadband characteristics is realized, the impedance matching adjustment section increases the working frequency band of the antenna, and when the impedance characteristics change due to factors such as processing errors during the design process and after processing of the antenna, the antenna can be properly adjusted, and the radiation efficiency is high;
2. an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy, wherein a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit has refractive index parameters close to zero, a metamaterial structure can be equivalently an LC resonant loop, a narrower line width and a longer line length of the microstrip line can provide larger inductance, a narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, current distribution on a radiation patch is changed, field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, resonance of the antenna is disturbed, double-frequency or multi-frequency work is realized, and each performance of the antenna is excellent;
3. an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy is designed based on a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a slotted radiation patch, is simple in structure, small in size, works in the 5GHz frequency band of WIFI and the 3GHz frequency band of WiMAX, can effectively collect radio frequency energy, has good frequency characteristics, is convenient to use and low in cost, and has high practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 4 is a plot of S11 return loss versus frequency for an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
in the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a first slot, a second slot, a radiation patch, a coaxial line, a first impedance matching adjustment section, a third slot, a fourth slot, a second impedance matching adjustment section, a grounding plate, a square slot, a first microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, a second microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, a third microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, a fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a lumped port, wherein the first slot, the second slot, the third slot, the radiation patch, the coaxial line, the first impedance matching adjustment section, the third slot, the fourth slot, the second impedance matching adjustment section, the grounding plate, the square slot, the first microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, the second microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, the third microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and the fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4 and the specific examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting, comprising: the dielectric substrate 1, the radiation patch 4, the coaxial line 5, the grounding plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, the impedance matching adjustment section and the lumped port 16, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 and the grounding plate 10 are identical in shape and size, a square slot is arranged at the center of the grounding plate 10, the center of the square slot coincides with the center of the grounding plate 10, the dielectric substrate 1 is fixedly connected with the grounding plate 10, the size of the radiation patch 4 is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate 1, the radiation patch 4 is provided with the slot, the radiation patch 4 is fixedly connected with the other surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the center of the radiation patch 4 coincides with the center of the dielectric substrate 1, a through hole is arranged at the center of the radiation patch 4 and the center of the dielectric substrate 1, the coaxial line 5 is arranged in the through hole, the coaxial line 5 penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch 4 is electrically connected with the coaxial line 5, the coaxial line 5 at the end of the grounding plate 10 is electrically connected with the lumped port 16, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in a square groove of the grounding plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit forms a closed loop, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the medium substrate 1, the impedance matching adjustment section is electrically connected with the radiation patch 4, the grounding plate 10 is made of a metal material, the groove is formed in the radiation patch 4, the impedance matching adjustment section is rectangular, the two sides of the radiation patch 4 are symmetrically distributed, and the copper-clad thicknesses of the radiation patch 4, the impedance matching adjustment section and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit are all 0.035mm.
Examples:
the dielectric substrate 1 is FR4 with thickness of 1.6mm, length of 35mm and width of 35mm; the radiation patch 4 is provided with rectangular grooves, the length of the rectangular groove radiation patch is 29mm, the width of the rectangular groove radiation patch is 14mm, grooves are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the radiation patch 4, the grooves are nested open resonant rings with opposite openings, the grooves of the specific radiation patch comprise a first groove 2, a second groove 3, a third groove 7 and a fourth groove 8, the first groove 2 and the fourth groove 8 are vertically symmetrical, the grooves are 11.5mm in length and 1.6mm in width, the opening is 1.6mm in width, the second groove 3 and the third groove 7 are vertically symmetrical, the grooves are 5.9mm in length, 0.6mm in width and 1.6mm in width; the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna can be increased by slotting the radiation patch, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, and the resonance of the antenna is interfered, so that double-frequency or multi-frequency operation is realized; the coaxial line 5 is positioned at the central position of the patch antenna and is also the central position of the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch and the back electromagnetic metamaterial unit, the feeding mode adopts coaxial line feeding, the coaxial line 5 is a metal cylinder penetrating the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate to the back of the antenna, the radius is 0.5mm, and the height is 1.635mm; the first impedance matching adjusting section 6 and the second impedance matching adjusting section 9 are 10.5mm long and 3mm wide, and are bilaterally symmetrical at the middle position of the front face of the dielectric substrate. The length and width of the antenna back ground plate 10 are the same as those of the dielectric substrate 1, the length is 35mm, the width is 35mm, and the middle of the antenna back ground plate is provided with a square slot 11 with the side length of 20 mm; the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in the square slot 11, the structures of the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit are symmetrical with each other at a center point, refractive index parameters close to zero are arranged at specific frequencies, the metamaterial structure can be equivalently an LC resonant loop, a narrower line width and a longer line length of the microstrip line can provide larger inductance, a narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, current distribution on a radiation patch is changed, field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, and resonance of an interference antenna is realized to realize double-frequency or multi-frequency work. Wherein, the first microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 12 has the length of 8.5mm and the width of 1mm; the second microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 13 is 8.5mm long and 1mm wide; the third microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 14 is 7mm long and 1mm wide; the length of the fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 15 is 4mm, and the width of the fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 1mm; the lumped port 16 is connected with the coaxial line 5 penetrating the dielectric substrate at the center position; all patches were copper clad with a thickness of 0.035mm.
The antenna in the embodiment is simulated by adopting Ansoft HFSS simulation software, and the simulation result is shown by referring to fig. 4, and the simulation result shows that the patch antenna can realize the performance characteristics of multiple frequency bands, can work in the 5GHz frequency band of WIFI and the 3GHz frequency band of WiMAX, can effectively collect radio frequency energy, and has the advantages of multiple frequency bands, simple structure, small product, strong operability and low manufacturing cost, and has high practical value.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting, comprising: the antenna comprises a medium substrate (1), a radiation patch (4), coaxial lines (5), a grounding plate (10), a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a lumped port (16), wherein the shape of the medium substrate (1) is the same as that of the grounding plate (10), the size of the grounding plate (10) is equal, a square slot is arranged at the center of the medium substrate (1), the center of the square slot is coincident with that of the grounding plate (10), the medium substrate (1) is fixedly connected with the grounding plate (10), the size of the radiation patch (4) is smaller than that of the medium substrate (1), slots are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the radiation patch (4), the slots are in the shape of nested split rings with opposite openings, the radiation patch (4) is fixedly connected with the other side of the medium substrate (1), the center of the radiation patch (4) is coincident with that of the medium substrate (1), a through hole is arranged at the center of the radiation patch (4), the coaxial lines (5) penetrate through the radiation patch and the medium patch, the radiation patch (4) is electrically connected with the coaxial lines (5), the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged at the grounding plate (10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate (1).
2. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for use in collection of radio frequency energy as in claim 1, further comprising: the impedance matching adjusting section is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate (1), and the impedance matching adjusting section is electrically connected with the radiation patch (4).
3. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the ground plate (10) material is a metallic material.
4. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the impedance matching adjustment sections are rectangular and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the radiating patch (4).
5. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 4, wherein the patch copper-clad thickness of the radiating patch (4), the impedance matching adjustment section and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 0.035mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111139734.4A CN113964507B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy |
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| CN202111139734.4A CN113964507B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115395238B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-03-17 | 西安科技大学 | Array multi-frequency multi-mode microwave band super-surface wireless energy collector |
| CN115189126A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-14 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Miniaturized microstrip antenna applied to smart grid wireless sensor |
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