CN113605927A - Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress - Google Patents
Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113605927A CN113605927A CN202111030127.4A CN202111030127A CN113605927A CN 113605927 A CN113605927 A CN 113605927A CN 202111030127 A CN202111030127 A CN 202111030127A CN 113605927 A CN113605927 A CN 113605927A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rock
- roadway
- pressure
- pressure gas
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high impact ground pressure stress, which is characterized in that a pressure relief groove is crushed by two times of impact through the arranged supporting method, so that a rock body generates more gaps, the situation that the generated cracks are too small due to one-time crushing, grout is difficult to fully contact and bond with the rock body is avoided, a pot-shaped cavity is blasted at the bottom of a blast hole, the cracks in the surrounding rock body are simultaneously activated, the void degree of the cracks is improved, after the cracks are blasted and shocked for 8 hours, the stress of the surrounding rocks around the roadway is orderly discharged through crack channels developed by the cracks, the generated waste rocks are cleaned, after concrete adopting fine aggregate is injected into the pot-shaped cavity through the blast hole, a high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is started, the released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity to generate high-pressure shock waves, the concrete is pushed by the shock waves, the rock body in the pressure relief groove is further crushed and separated, and simultaneously, the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity into the newly generated gaps, making the injected slurry more tightly bound.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress.
Background
Along with the increasing mining depth, the original high-strength rock layer has the phenomenon of strength reduction in a high-pressure stress environment, the phenomenon of rock stress softening occurs, particularly, the original medium-strength sand paper mudstone, sand paper shale and the like are easily converted into mudstone with extremely low rock strength, due to the low strength of the mudstone, surrounding rocks after the roadway is excavated under high ground stress are rapidly deformed and damaged and difficult to support in time, under the condition, the excavation pressure relief groove releases the stress of the surrounding rocks on the bottom plate, the structural strength is improved by grouting, the influence of the high ground stress near the roadway can be greatly relieved, and the damage and deformation of the surrounding rocks are effectively controlled; the pressure release mode of prior art mainly excavates the pressure release and explodes the pressure release two kinds of modes with blasting, the time that the pressure release needs to wait is longer for the manual work, this kind of mode construction of blasting vibrations pressure release is simple and convenient, vibrations are transmitted to tunnel country rock by the base angle, can play better excitation clearance effect, nevertheless be difficult to the ration to master in the construction, the field operation difficulty is great, because rock strength is low, the rock mass can break into less rock mass, fracture density is big, but the crack opening degree is little, be unfavorable for the abundant contact of slip casting to release inslot rock mass.
Therefore, the support method for the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst stress is provided, firstly, the pressure relief groove is subjected to two times of impact crushing through the support method, so that more gaps are generated on a rock body, the situation that the generated cracks are too small due to one-time crushing and grout is difficult to fully contact and bond with the rock body is avoided, secondly, the shock wave generated by the high-pressure gas release mechanism extrudes the concrete through extruding the concrete, so that new cracks are generated by secondary crushing of the rock body, and the high-pressure gas simultaneously extrudes the concrete into the newly generated gaps, so that the thinner cracks are ensured to be filled with the grout, and the structural strength of the pressure relief groove after grouting is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high rock burst stress comprises the following steps:
a: after complete and reliable first-level support is required to be carried out on an excavated deep roadway, pressure relief grooves with the diameter of not less than 600mm multiplied by 600mm are respectively excavated at the bottom corners of two sides of a soft rock roadway at a distance of about 5m from the head to the head, the pressure relief grooves penetrate into the sides of the soft rock roadway and are not less than 300mm, blastholes of vibration blastholes are arranged in the pressure relief grooves, the hole pitch of the blastholes is 800-1200 mm according to the difference of the strength of surrounding rocks, the vertical angle of the drilling blastholes is 5-25 degrees, the horizontal angle is 0 degree, the depth of the blastholes is preferably 1800-2200 mm, the charge amount in the blastholes is 200-300 g during actual operation, the blastholes are subjected to hole sealing operation after the blastholes are filled, and the total length of stemming sealing is more than 600 mm;
b: after the step A is completed, blasting a pot-shaped cavity at the bottom of the blast hole, simultaneously activating cracks in the surrounding rock body, improving the void degree of the cracks, after the blast hole shakes and excites the cracks for 8 hours, orderly discharging the stress of the surrounding rock around the roadway through crack channels developed by the cracks, cleaning the generated waste rock, injecting concrete adopting fine aggregate into the pot-shaped cavity through the blast hole, enabling part of the concrete to flow into the cracks of the rock body, and storing the other part of the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity;
c: after the step B is finished, a high-pressure gas release mechanism is installed in the blast hole, the high-pressure gas release mechanism is started, released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity to generate high-pressure shock waves, concrete is pushed by the shock waves to further break and separate rock masses in the pressure relief groove, meanwhile, the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity into newly generated gaps, injected slurry is more tightly cemented, grouting operation is carried out into the pressure relief groove through a grouting anchor rod after 4 hours, stone shoes are formed in the pressure relief groove after the slurry is solidified, and two 'strong structures' are formed at the bottom corners of two sides of the roadway;
d: and after the step C is finished, forming a strong-weak-strong supporting structure on a bottom plate of the roadway, effectively controlling floor heave of the roadway, and after the two sides of the roadway deform and the sinking speed of the top plate is stable, grouting and reinforcing the two sides of the roadway and the top plate, so that the surrounding rock and the anchor grouting supporting system of the roadway tend to be balanced and the soft surrounding rock is in a stable state for a long time from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock supporting strength of the roadway and reducing the surrounding rock stress.
The further improvement of the invention is that the roadway in the step A is provided with pressure relief grooves with the thickness not less than 800mm multiplied by 800mm under the conditions of large span and serious bottom heave, the middle part of a bottom plate of the roadway is additionally provided with 1-2 pressure relief grooves with the thickness not less than 600mm multiplied by 800mm, and the direction of the pressure relief grooves of the roadway at the serious bottom heave section and the bottom plate form an angle of more than 45 degrees.
The invention has the further improvement that the position of the opening of the blast hole in the step A is 100-200 mm lower than the bottom plate of the roadway, the distance between the blast holes of the drilling in the area with larger roadway width and serious bottom heave is preferably 1000mm, and the distance between the sections of the vibration blasting and the construction at each time is controlled within the range of 10-20 m.
The invention has the further improvement that the high-pressure gas release mechanism comprises an outer shell, a storage box and an inner shell, the storage box and the inner shell are positioned in the outer shell, the storage box is positioned on the upper end surface of the inner shell, a pressure relief ball is arranged on the inner side of the inner shell, the diameter of the pressure relief ball is the same as the inner diameter of the inner shell, a return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage box, the lower ends of a plurality of return springs are connected with the top of the pressure relief ball, an opening is arranged at the axis of the pressure relief ball, through holes are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the outer shell and the inner shell, the diameter of the through hole arranged on the inner shell is larger than that of the through hole arranged on the outer shell, a fixing nail is arranged in each through hole, the diameter of the tail part of the fixing nail is larger than that of the through hole on the outer shell but smaller than that of the through hole on the inner shell, a cavity is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the outer shell, the rubber membrane has been placed to the inside of cavity, the border and the cavity of rubber membrane are connected, the stopper is installed to the bottom of the inboard of interior casing and is used for preventing the interior casing of pressure release ball roll-off, the pressure release ball during operation slides in interior casing, the outside of pressure release ball covers there is one deck magnetic material.
The invention is further improved in that a heater is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the storage box, the lower end of the heater is connected with a high heat conduction rod, liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the storage box, and a pressure release valve is arranged at the bottom of the storage box.
The invention has the further improvement that a support frame is arranged on the outer side of the high-pressure gas release mechanism, and the support frame is adjusted according to the placement angle of the high-pressure gas release mechanism so as to prevent the high-pressure gas release mechanism from falling into a blast hole.
The invention further improves the supporting method aiming at the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress, and the high-pressure gas release mechanism comprises the following use steps:
1): the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is placed into the blasthole, the support frame is adjusted according to the angle of the blasthole to finish the placement of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism, a heater in the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is started, the high heat conducting rod is rapidly heated, liquid carbon dioxide is rapidly gasified and rushes out of the storage box, the pressure releasing ball is impacted by the high-pressure gas to slide downwards until being blocked by the limiting block, and meanwhile, the reset spring is stretched, and the high-pressure gas is discharged from an opening of the pressure releasing ball;
2): the fixing nail in the through hole is also impacted by high-pressure gas, the tip of the fixing nail is extruded out of the outer shell and fixed with the rock mass in the blast hole, the high-pressure gas release mechanism is prevented from being flushed out of the blast hole due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, and the fixing nail is more firmly fixed with the rock mass in the blast hole when the impact force of the high-pressure gas is larger;
3): part of high-pressure gas rushed out of the pressure relief ball passes through a gap between the high-pressure gas release mechanism and the gun hole, the high-pressure gas passes through the gap at a high speed, and the air tension can pull out the rubber film in the cavity until the rubber film completely fills the gap between the high-pressure gas release mechanism and the gun hole, so that the waste of the high-pressure gas is avoided;
4): after the release of high-pressure gas finishes, the gas can't resist the pulling force of reset spring to the impact force of pressure release ball, and the in-process that the pressure release ball resets is through the staple, and the one deck magnetic material in the pressure release ball outside is in inhaling the through-hole with the staple back, is convenient for withdraw high-pressure gas release mechanism, carries out used repeatedly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pressure relief groove is broken by two times of impact through the supporting method, so that more gaps are generated on the rock mass, the problems that the cracks generated by breaking once are too small, the grout is difficult to contact with the rock mass fully and is cemented are avoided, a pot-shaped cavity is blasted at the bottom of the blast hole, cracks in the surrounding rock body are activated at the same time, the void degree of the cracks is improved, after the cracks are shocked by the blast gun for 8 hours, the stress of surrounding rocks around the roadway is orderly released through fracture channels developed by the shock gaps, the generated waste rocks are cleaned, after concrete adopting fine aggregate is injected into the pot-shaped cavity through blast holes, the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is started, the released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity to generate high-pressure shock waves, the concrete is pushed by the shock waves to further crush and separate rock masses in the pressure relief groove, meanwhile, the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity into a newly generated gap, so that the injected slurry is more tightly cemented;
2. through the arranged fixing nail and the rubber film, the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism can not be flushed out of the blasthole due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas can not overflow from a gap between the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism and the blasthole, the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism can be quickly taken out to be convenient for repeated use, the fixing nail in the blasthole is also impacted by the high-pressure gas, the tip of the fixing nail is extruded out of the outer shell and is fixed with the rock mass in the blasthole to prevent the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism from being flushed out of the blasthole due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, the fixing nail is more firmly fixed with the rock mass in the blasthole when the high-pressure gas is more strongly released, the impact force of the gas on the pressure relief ball can not resist the tensile force of the reset spring, the pressure relief ball passes through the fixing nail in the resetting process, and the layer of magnetic material outside the pressure relief ball sucks the fixing nail back into the blasthole, the high-pressure gas release mechanism is convenient to withdraw for repeated use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of pressure relief by blasting of a pressure relief groove in the supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high rock burst ground pressure stress.
Fig. 3 is an installation schematic diagram of a high-pressure gas release mechanism of the support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high rock burst stress.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a high-pressure gas release mechanism of the support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a in fig. 4, which is directed to a supporting method of soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high rock burst stress according to the invention.
In the figure: 1. a roadway; 2. a pressure relief groove; 3. carrying out blast hole drilling; 4. a pot-shaped cavity; 5. a high pressure gas release mechanism; 6. a support frame; 7. an outer housing; 8. a storage box; 9. an inner housing; 10. a heater; 11. a high thermal conductivity rod; 12. liquid carbon dioxide; 13. a pressure relief ball; 14. a return spring; 15. a through hole; 16. fixing nails; 17. a cavity; 18. a rubber film; 19. and a limiting block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting, wherein certain elements may be omitted, enlarged or reduced in size, and are not intended to represent the actual dimensions of the product, so as to better illustrate the detailed description of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress comprises the following steps:
a: after a complete and reliable first-level support is required to be made in an excavated deep roadway (1), pressure relief grooves (2) with the thickness of not less than 600mm multiplied by 600mm are excavated at the bottom corners of two sides of the soft rock roadway (1) at a distance of about 5m from the head to the head, the pressure relief grooves (2) penetrate into the sides of the soft rock roadway and are not less than 300mm, blastholes (3) of vibration guns are arranged in the pressure relief grooves (2), the hole distance of the blastholes (3) is 800 mm-1200 mm according to the difference of surrounding rock strength, the vertical angle of the drilling blastholes (3) is 5-25 degrees, the horizontal angle is 0 degree, the depth of the blastholes (3) is preferably 1800 mm-2200 mm, the loading amount in the blastholes (3) during actual operation is 200-300 g, hole sealing operation is carried out on the blastholes (3) after the blasting, and the total length of stemming is more than 600 mm;
b: after the step A is finished, blasting a pot-shaped cavity (4) at the bottom of a blast hole (3), activating cracks in the surrounding rock body at the same time, improving the void degree of the cracks, after the blast shock gap is exploded for 8 hours, orderly discharging the stress of the surrounding rock around the roadway (1) through crack channels developed by the blast hole, cleaning the generated gangue, injecting concrete adopting fine aggregate into the pot-shaped cavity (4) through the blast hole (3), allowing part of the concrete to flow into the cracks of the rock body, and storing the other part of the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4);
c: after the step B is finished, a high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) is installed in the blasthole (3), the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) is started, released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity (4) to generate high-pressure shock waves, concrete is pushed by the shock waves, rock masses in the pressure relief groove (2) are further crushed and separated, meanwhile, the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4) is extruded into newly generated gaps by the high-pressure gas, injected grout is more tightly cemented, grouting operation is carried out into the pressure relief groove (2) through a grouting anchor rod after 4 hours, stone shoes are formed in the pressure relief groove (2) after the grout is solidified, and two 'strong structures' are formed at the bottom corners of two sides of the roadway (1);
d: after the step C is completed, a strong-weak-strong supporting structure is formed on a bottom plate of the roadway (1), floor heave of the roadway (1) is effectively controlled, when two sides of the roadway (1) deform and the sinking speed of the top plate is stable, the two sides and the top plate of the roadway (1) are reinforced by grouting, and surrounding rock and an anchor grouting supporting system of the roadway (1) tend to be balanced and soft surrounding rock is in a stable state for a long time from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock supporting strength of the roadway (1) and reducing the surrounding rock stress.
A roadway (1) in the step A is excavated into a pressure relief groove (2) not smaller than 800mm x 800mm under the conditions of large span and serious bottom heave, 1-2 pressure relief grooves (2) not smaller than 600mm x 800mm are additionally arranged in the middle of a bottom plate of the roadway (1), and the roadway (1) and the bottom plate form an angle of more than 45 degrees in the direction of the pressure relief groove (2) at the serious bottom heave section.
The position of the eye opening of the blast hole (3) in the step A is 100-200 mm lower than the bottom plate of the roadway (1), the eye distance of the blast hole (3) drilled in the area with larger width of the roadway (1) and serious bottom heave is preferably 1000mm, and the section distance of each construction of vibration blasting is controlled within the range of 10-20 meters.
By adopting the technical scheme: the pressure relief groove (2) is impacted and crushed twice by the supporting method, so that a rock body generates more gaps, the situation that the generated cracks are too small due to one-time crushing is avoided, slurry is difficult to contact and bond with the rock body fully, a pot-shaped cavity (4) is blasted at the bottom of a blast hole (3), the cracks in a surrounding rock body are activated at the same time, the void degree of the cracks is improved, after the blast hole is blasted for 8 hours, the stress of the surrounding rock around a roadway (1) is orderly discharged through crack channels developed by the cracks, the generated waste rocks are cleaned, concrete adopting fine aggregates is injected into the pot-shaped cavity (4) through the blast hole (3), a high-pressure gas release mechanism (5) is started, the released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity (4) to generate high-pressure shock waves, the concrete is pushed by the shock waves, the rock body in the pressure relief groove (2) is further crushed and separated, and the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4) into newly generated gaps, making the injected slurry more tightly bound.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-5, a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress comprises the following steps:
a: after a complete and reliable first-level support is required to be made on an excavated deep roadway (1), pressure relief grooves (2) with the thickness of not less than 600mm multiplied by 600mm are respectively excavated at the bottom corners of two sides of the soft rock roadway (1) at a distance of about 5m from the head, the pressure relief grooves (2) penetrate into the sides of the soft rock roadway and are not less than 300mm, blastholes (3) of vibration guns are arranged in the pressure relief grooves (2), the hole distance of the blastholes (3) is 800 mm-1200 mm according to the difference of surrounding rock strength, the vertical angle of the blastholes (3) is 5-25 degrees, the horizontal angle is 0 degree, the depth of the blastholes (3) is preferably selected from 1800 mm-2200 mm, the loading amount in the blastholes (3) during actual operation is 200-300 g, the blastholes (3) are subjected to hole sealing operation after loading, the total length of the stemming is more than 600mm, the relation between the crushing degree and the unit consumption amount is determined through tests, and then the unit consumption amount is determined according to the crushing degree required, as a basis for calculating other blasting parameters; the unit drug consumption is usually selected according to experience data and a relevant manual, and is corrected according to a test;
b: after the step A is finished, blasting a pot-shaped cavity (4) at the bottom of a blast hole (3), activating cracks in the surrounding rock body at the same time, improving the void degree of the cracks, after the blast shock gap is exploded for 8 hours, orderly discharging the stress of the surrounding rock around the roadway (1) through crack channels developed by the blast hole, cleaning the generated gangue, injecting concrete adopting fine aggregate into the pot-shaped cavity (4) through the blast hole (3), allowing part of the concrete to flow into the cracks of the rock body, and storing the other part of the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4);
c: after the step B is finished, a high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) is installed in the blasthole (3), the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) is started, released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity (4) to generate high-pressure shock waves, concrete is pushed by the shock waves, rock masses in the pressure relief groove (2) are further crushed and separated, meanwhile, the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4) is extruded into newly generated gaps by the high-pressure gas, injected grout is more tightly cemented, grouting operation is carried out into the pressure relief groove (2) through a grouting anchor rod after 4 hours, stone shoes are formed in the pressure relief groove (2) after the grout is solidified, and two 'strong structures' are formed at the bottom corners of two sides of the roadway (1);
d: after the step C is completed, a strong-weak-strong supporting structure is formed on a bottom plate of the roadway (1), floor heave of the roadway (1) is effectively controlled, when two sides of the roadway (1) deform and the sinking speed of the top plate is stable, the two sides and the top plate of the roadway (1) are reinforced by grouting, and surrounding rock and an anchor grouting supporting system of the roadway (1) tend to be balanced and soft surrounding rock is in a stable state for a long time from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock supporting strength of the roadway (1) and reducing the surrounding rock stress.
High-pressure gas release mechanism (5) includes shell body (7), store box (8) and interior casing (9) and be located the inside of shell body (7), store box (8) and be located the up end of interior casing (9), the inboard of interior casing (9) is provided with pressure release ball (13), the diameter of pressure release ball (13) is the same with the internal diameter of interior casing (9), the bottom of storing box (8) is connected and is fixed with reset spring (14), the lower extreme of a plurality of reset spring (14) all is connected with the top of pressure release ball (13), the axle center department of pressure release ball (13) is equipped with the opening, through-hole (15) have all been seted up to the lower part of shell body (7) and interior casing (9), through-hole (15) diameter of seting up on interior casing (9) is greater than through-hole (15) diameter of seting up on shell body (7), staple (16) have all been placed to the inside of every through-hole (15), the afterbody diameter of staple (16) is greater than the diameter of through-hole (15) on shell body (7) and is less than the diameter of through-hole (15) on interior casing (9), cavity (17) have been seted up to the bottom in the outside of shell body (7), rubber film (18) have been placed to the inside of cavity (17), the border and cavity (17) of rubber film (18) are connected, stopper (19) are installed to the bottom of the inboard of interior casing (9) and are used for preventing to discharge ball (13) roll-off interior casing (9), slide in interior casing (9) of discharge ball (13) during operation, the outside of discharge ball (13) covers there is one deck magnetic material.
The top of the inner wall of the storage box (8) is provided with a heater (10), the lower end of the heater (10) is connected with a high heat conduction rod (11), liquid carbon dioxide (12) is stored in the storage box (8), and the bottom of the storage box (8) is provided with a pressure release valve.
The support frame (6) is installed on the outer side of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5), and the support frame (6) is adjusted according to the placement angle of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) and used for preventing the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) from falling into the blasthole (3).
By adopting the technical scheme: through the arranged fixing nail (16) and the rubber film (18), the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) can not be flushed out of the blasthole (3) due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas can not overflow from the gap between the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) and the blasthole (3), the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) can be quickly taken out for convenient reuse, the fixing nail (16) in the through hole (15) is also impacted by the high-pressure gas, the tip of the fixing nail (16) is extruded out of the outer shell (7) and is fixed with the rock mass in the blasthole (3), the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism (5) is prevented from being flushed out of the blasthole (3) due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, the larger the impact force of the high-pressure gas is, the firmer the fixing nail (16) is fixed with the rock mass in the blasthole (3), and after the high-pressure gas is released, the impact force of the gas on the pressure release ball (13) can not resist the tensile force of the reset spring (14), the pressure relief ball (13) resets in-process through staple (16), and one deck magnetic material in pressure relief ball (13) outside inhales staple (16) back in through-hole (15), is convenient for retrieve high-pressure gas release mechanism (5), carries out used repeatedly.
The invention is to be noted that the invention is a supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high impact ground pressure stress, when in use, firstly, after a complete and reliable first-level support is needed to be made for an excavated deep roadway (1), pressure relief grooves (2) with the diameter of not less than 600mm multiplied by 600mm are respectively excavated at the bottom corners of two sides of the soft rock roadway (1) at the distance of about 5m from the head to the head, the deep parts of the pressure relief grooves (2) are not less than 300mm, blastholes (3) of vibration guns are arranged in the pressure relief grooves (2), according to the difference of surrounding rock strength, the eye distance of the blastholes (3) is 800 mm-1200 mm, the vertical angle of the drilling blastholes (3) is 5-25 degrees, the horizontal angle is 0 degree, the depth of the blastholes (3) is preferably selected from mm-2200 mm, the charge in the blastholes (3) is 200-300 g during actual operation, and the blastholes (3) are subjected to hole sealing operation after blasting, the total length of stemming hole sealing is more than 600mm, secondly, a pot-shaped cavity (4) is blasted at the bottom of a blast hole (3) through blasting, cracks in surrounding rock bodies are activated at the same time, the void degree of the cracks is improved, after blast shock cracks are 8 hours, stress of the surrounding rock around a roadway (1) is orderly released through crack channels developed by the cracks, generated waste rocks are cleaned, concrete adopting fine aggregate is injected into the pot-shaped cavity (4) through the blast hole (3), part of the concrete flows into the cracks of the rock bodies, the other part of the concrete is stored in the pot-shaped cavity (4), furthermore, a high-pressure gas release mechanism (5) is arranged in the blast hole (3), the high-pressure gas release mechanism (5) is started, released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity (4) to generate high-pressure shock waves, the concrete is pushed by the shock waves, the rock bodies in a pressure relief groove (2) are further crushed and separated, and simultaneously the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity (4) into newly generated cracks, the grouting operation is carried out in the pressure relief groove (2) through a grouting anchor rod after 4 hours, stone shoes are formed in the pressure relief groove (2) after the grout is solidified, two 'strong structures' are formed at the bottom corners of two sides of the roadway (1), finally, a 'strong-weak-strong' supporting structure is formed on a bottom plate of the roadway (1), floor heave of the roadway (1) is effectively controlled, after deformation of the two sides of the roadway (1) and stable sinking speed of a top plate, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the two sides and the top plate of the roadway (1), and the surrounding rock and the anchor grouting supporting system of the roadway (1) tend to be balanced and soft surrounding rock is in a stable state for a long time from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock supporting strength of the roadway (1) and reducing the surrounding rock stress.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a: after complete and reliable first-level support is required to be carried out on an excavated deep roadway, pressure relief grooves with the diameter of not less than 600mm multiplied by 600mm are respectively excavated at the bottom corners of two sides of a soft rock roadway at a distance of about 5m from the head to the head, the pressure relief grooves penetrate into the sides of the soft rock roadway and are not less than 300mm, blastholes of vibration blastholes are arranged in the pressure relief grooves, the hole pitch of the blastholes is 800-1200 mm according to the difference of the strength of surrounding rocks, the vertical angle of the drilling blastholes is 5-25 degrees, the horizontal angle is 0 degree, the depth of the blastholes is preferably 1800-2200 mm, the charge amount in the blastholes is 200-300 g during actual operation, the blastholes are subjected to hole sealing operation after the blastholes are filled, and the total length of stemming sealing is more than 600 mm;
b: after the step A is completed, blasting a pot-shaped cavity at the bottom of the blast hole, simultaneously activating cracks in the surrounding rock body, improving the void degree of the cracks, after the blast hole shakes and excites the cracks for 8 hours, orderly discharging the stress of the surrounding rock around the roadway through crack channels developed by the cracks, cleaning the generated waste rock, injecting concrete adopting fine aggregate into the pot-shaped cavity through the blast hole, enabling part of the concrete to flow into the cracks of the rock body, and storing the other part of the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity;
c: after the step B is finished, a high-pressure gas release mechanism is installed in the blast hole, the high-pressure gas release mechanism is started, released gas enables the pot-shaped cavity to generate high-pressure shock waves, concrete is pushed by the shock waves to further break and separate rock masses in the pressure relief groove, meanwhile, the high-pressure gas extrudes the concrete in the pot-shaped cavity into newly generated gaps, injected slurry is more tightly cemented, grouting operation is carried out into the pressure relief groove through a grouting anchor rod after 4 hours, stone shoes are formed in the pressure relief groove after the slurry is solidified, and two 'strong structures' are formed at the bottom corners of two sides of the roadway;
d: and after the step C is finished, forming a strong-weak-strong supporting structure on a bottom plate of the roadway, effectively controlling floor heave of the roadway, and after the two sides of the roadway deform and the sinking speed of the top plate is stable, grouting and reinforcing the two sides of the roadway and the top plate, so that the surrounding rock and the anchor grouting supporting system of the roadway tend to be balanced and the soft surrounding rock is in a stable state for a long time from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock supporting strength of the roadway and reducing the surrounding rock stress.
2. The method for supporting the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst ground pressure stress according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and B, excavating a pressure relief groove with the thickness not less than 800mm multiplied by 800mm in the roadway in the step A under the conditions of large span and serious bottom heave, additionally excavating 1-2 pressure relief grooves with the thickness not less than 600mm multiplied by 800mm in the middle of a bottom plate of the roadway, and forming an angle of more than 45 degrees between the pressure relief groove direction of the roadway and the bottom plate in the section with serious bottom heave.
3. The method for supporting the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst ground pressure stress as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the position of the eye opening of the blast hole in the step A is lower than the bottom plate of the roadway by 100-200 mm, the distance between the blast holes drilled in the area with larger roadway width and serious bottom heave is preferably 1000mm, and the distance between construction sections of vibration blasting each time is controlled within the range of 10-20 m.
4. The method for supporting the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst ground pressure stress according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism comprises an outer shell, a storage box and an inner shell, wherein the storage box and the inner shell are positioned inside the outer shell, the storage box is positioned on the upper end face of the inner shell, a pressure relief ball is arranged on the inner side of the inner shell, the diameter of the pressure relief ball is the same as the inner diameter of the inner shell, a reset spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage box, the lower ends of a plurality of reset springs are connected with the top of the pressure relief ball, an opening is formed in the axis of the pressure relief ball, through holes are formed in the lower parts of the outer shell and the inner shell, the diameter of each through hole formed in the inner shell is larger than that of each through hole formed in the outer shell, a fixing nail is placed inside each through hole, the tail diameter of each fixing nail is larger than that of each through hole in the outer shell and smaller than that of each through hole in the inner shell, and a cavity is formed in the bottom of the outer side of the outer shell, the rubber membrane has been placed to the inside of cavity, the border and the cavity of rubber membrane are connected, the stopper is installed to the bottom of the inboard of interior casing and is used for preventing the interior casing of pressure release ball roll-off, the pressure release ball during operation slides in interior casing, the outside of pressure release ball covers there is one deck magnetic material.
5. The method for supporting the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst stress according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heater is installed at the top of the inner wall of the storage box, the lower end of the heater is connected with a high heat conduction rod, liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the storage box, and the pressure release valve is installed at the bottom of the storage box.
6. The method for supporting the soft rock roadway surrounding rock under the high rock burst stress according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the support frame is installed on the outer side of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism, and the support frame is adjusted according to the placement angle of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism and used for preventing the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism from falling into a blast hole.
7. A supporting method for soft rock roadway surrounding rocks under high rock burst compressive stress according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-pressure gas release mechanism comprises the following steps:
1): the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is placed into the blasthole, the support frame is adjusted according to the angle of the blasthole to finish the placement of the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism, a heater in the high-pressure gas releasing mechanism is started, the high heat conducting rod is rapidly heated, liquid carbon dioxide is rapidly gasified and rushes out of the storage box, the pressure releasing ball is impacted by the high-pressure gas to slide downwards until being blocked by the limiting block, and meanwhile, the reset spring is stretched, and the high-pressure gas is discharged from an opening of the pressure releasing ball;
2): the fixing nail in the through hole is also impacted by high-pressure gas, the tip of the fixing nail is extruded out of the outer shell and fixed with the rock mass in the blast hole, the high-pressure gas release mechanism is prevented from being flushed out of the blast hole due to the reaction force of the high-pressure gas, and the fixing nail is more firmly fixed with the rock mass in the blast hole when the impact force of the high-pressure gas is larger;
3): part of high-pressure gas rushed out of the pressure relief ball passes through a gap between the high-pressure gas release mechanism and the gun hole, the high-pressure gas passes through the gap at a high speed, and the air tension can pull out the rubber film in the cavity until the rubber film completely fills the gap between the high-pressure gas release mechanism and the gun hole, so that the waste of the high-pressure gas is avoided;
4): after the release of high-pressure gas finishes, the gas can't resist the pulling force of reset spring to the impact force of pressure release ball, and the in-process that the pressure release ball resets is through the staple, and the one deck magnetic material in the pressure release ball outside is in inhaling the through-hole with the staple back, is convenient for withdraw high-pressure gas release mechanism, carries out used repeatedly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111030127.4A CN113605927B (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2021-09-03 | Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111030127.4A CN113605927B (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2021-09-03 | Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113605927A true CN113605927A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
| CN113605927B CN113605927B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
Family
ID=78310012
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111030127.4A Active CN113605927B (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2021-09-03 | Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113605927B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116816385A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-29 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | Grouting method and related equipment for water-rich broken surrounding rock |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202360105U (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-08-01 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Gap-exciting pressure-relief soft rock roadway supporting structure |
| CN202851027U (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2013-04-03 | 西安科技大学 | Support system treating soft rock roadway floor heaves |
| CN103437770A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-11 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Supporting method for excitation gap pressure relief soft rock roadway |
| CN103867213A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | United construction method preventing gas leakage and bottom heave deformation of coal-included layer base plate of coal mine |
| US20190071968A1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-07 | Chang'an University | Method for Deformation Control of Large-span Tunnel in Chlorite Schist Stratum |
| WO2019148788A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for preventing rock bursts by means of active support reinforcement and active pressure relief |
| CN111022085A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司 | Pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure and construction method thereof |
| CN113107527A (en) * | 2021-04-24 | 2021-07-13 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Multi-level supporting process and monitoring method for roadway with large rock burst |
-
2021
- 2021-09-03 CN CN202111030127.4A patent/CN113605927B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202360105U (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-08-01 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Gap-exciting pressure-relief soft rock roadway supporting structure |
| CN202851027U (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2013-04-03 | 西安科技大学 | Support system treating soft rock roadway floor heaves |
| CN103437770A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-11 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Supporting method for excitation gap pressure relief soft rock roadway |
| CN103867213A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | United construction method preventing gas leakage and bottom heave deformation of coal-included layer base plate of coal mine |
| US20190071968A1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-07 | Chang'an University | Method for Deformation Control of Large-span Tunnel in Chlorite Schist Stratum |
| WO2019148788A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for preventing rock bursts by means of active support reinforcement and active pressure relief |
| CN111022085A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司 | Pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure and construction method thereof |
| CN113107527A (en) * | 2021-04-24 | 2021-07-13 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Multi-level supporting process and monitoring method for roadway with large rock burst |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张普田: "开滦矿区深部矿井软岩巷道支护技术研究", 《煤矿开采》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116816385A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-29 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | Grouting method and related equipment for water-rich broken surrounding rock |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113605927B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107740410B (en) | Full-length prestressed anchorage support device and process capable of combining and expanding internal anchoring body | |
| CN102287198B (en) | Construction method for river-crossing shield tunnel crushed stratum communication channel | |
| CN103061781B (en) | Method for preventing rock burst by manually regulating tunnel surrounding rock support energy dissipation damping characteristics | |
| CN113605927B (en) | Support method for soft rock roadway surrounding rock under high rock burst stress | |
| CN102536278B (en) | Progressive yielding combined-type extensible anchor rod and construction method thereof | |
| CN101603431A (en) | A kind of method for reinforcing outburst-prone coal seam cross-cut coal uncovering | |
| CN111764940B (en) | Double-layer primary supporting structure of weak surrounding rock tunnel and construction method thereof | |
| CN108645300A (en) | Complex reflex cumulative and buffering energy dissipator and the blasting construction method based on the device | |
| KR20070089895A (en) | Method for installing anchors and an anchor which can be used according to said method | |
| CN106677804B (en) | A kind of gob side entry retaining roadside support system and its construction method | |
| CN101545746B (en) | Method for smooth blasting construction with pre-eccentric uncoupling charging | |
| CN106152887A (en) | Inflation expanding perforation plugging device certainly for tunnel deep hole blasting | |
| KR101442074B1 (en) | Piles with an Extended Head and Construction Method thereof | |
| KR101995174B1 (en) | structure base rock fragmentation of slight vibration | |
| CN207229125U (en) | A kind of thrust device for being exclusively used in concrete filled steel tube pier stud | |
| CN202417556U (en) | Progressive yielding combined type extendable anchor rod | |
| CN110017741B (en) | Non-integrated rock interface foundation lossless blasting excavation method | |
| CN210622819U (en) | Pipe shed and steel support combined supporting device | |
| JP2007146522A (en) | Cavity filling method | |
| CN104453914B (en) | The construction method of ingate anti-impact shock-absorbing supporting construction | |
| CN208313149U (en) | A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit | |
| CN114353609B (en) | Structure and method for sectional charging in downward blast hole | |
| CN115638703A (en) | Multi-time-sequence step-by-step blasting control method for fractured rock mass | |
| CN107228608B (en) | The blasting method of rock directional splitting | |
| CN111486760B (en) | High-stage blasting control method for underground mine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |