CN113605926B - Cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure - Google Patents
Cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113605926B CN113605926B CN202110989803.4A CN202110989803A CN113605926B CN 113605926 B CN113605926 B CN 113605926B CN 202110989803 A CN202110989803 A CN 202110989803A CN 113605926 B CN113605926 B CN 113605926B
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- lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and provides a cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure which comprises a joint bridging mechanism, a bridging plate joint buckle plate, bridging plate joint rubber, a waterproof plate protective layer, a drag reduction layer and a foam concrete damping filling layer, wherein the joint bridging mechanism is connected with a cross-fault tunnel segment lining; the joint bridging mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of annular directions along the cross-fault tunnel, and adjacent joint bridging mechanisms are connected with bridging plate joint rubber through bridging plate joint buckle plates; and meanwhile, a waterproof board protective layer and a drag reduction layer are further arranged between the outer side of the joint bridging mechanism and the waterproof board on the inner side of the primary tunnel support, and a foam concrete damping filling layer is arranged in a joint of the joint bridging mechanism and the secondary tunnel lining. The invention has the advantages that: not only waterproof and deformability are good, but also the bearing requirement of the surrounding rock load near the lining seam can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure.
Background
In recent years, as the traffic infrastructure of China enters the comprehensive development stage, more and more traffic tunnels penetrate through the fault-crossing area, such as a water diversion tunnel of a stone barrage, a majoriter majour tunnel, a major tunnel, a major berth tunnel and the like, which are positioned in a high-intensity earthquake area and penetrate through a fault fracture zone. The phenomenon that damages such as tunnel shearing dislocation and the like are caused under the action of strong shock and fault dislocation is also a frequent phenomenon due to the obvious sudden change of the rigidity of surrounding rocks. According to the statistical data of relevant documents, the maximum vertical distortion of the tunnel structure of the broken zone after a disaster is suffered can reach 4.0m, and the maximum horizontal distortion can reach 3.0 m.
The normal traffic order and the life and property safety of people are seriously threatened under the condition of dislocation and strong vibration of the cross-fault tunnel, and the construction safety, the operation maintenance and the economic benefit of a construction project are influenced, so that the optimization of the cross-fault tunnel lining structure becomes an unavoidable problem. At present, the research on the anti-shock structure of the cross-fault tunnel at home and abroad has some achievements, wherein the arrangement of the sectional type lining is considered as an effective anti-shock measure of the cross-fault tunnel.
In the step of arranging the sectional lining measures across the fault tunnel, the design of the joint is always a problem which is difficult to solve. At present, the problems of unreliable waterproof measures, insufficient deformation capability and the like exist at the position of a lining joint. The joint width is increased to enhance the deformability of the flexible joint, but the load-bearing reliability near the lining joint is greatly reduced. When an earthquake occurs, disasters such as water leakage, lining damage, surrounding rock body invasion and the like caused by joint damage often occur near the lining joint.
Therefore, at present, a flexible joint for cross-fault tunnel segment lining, which has good waterproof and deformation capabilities and can meet the bearing requirements of surrounding rock loads near the lining joint, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure which has good waterproof and deformation capabilities and can meet the bearing requirement of surrounding rock load near a lining joint.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a passive vector type flexible joint structure for a cross-fault tunnel segment lining comprises a joint bridging mechanism, a bridging plate joint buckle plate, bridging plate joint rubber, a waterproof plate protective layer, a resistance reducing layer and a foam concrete damping filling layer; the joint bridging mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of annular directions along the cross-fault tunnel, and adjacent joint bridging mechanisms are connected with bridging plate joint rubber through bridging plate joint buckle plates; and meanwhile, a waterproof board protective layer and a drag reduction layer are further arranged between the outer side of the joint bridging mechanism and the waterproof board on the inner side of the primary tunnel support, and a foam concrete damping filling layer is arranged in a joint of the joint bridging mechanism and the secondary tunnel lining.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, each joint bridging mechanism comprises a lining outer side bridging plate, a lining inner side bridging plate and a bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod respectively; the lining outer side bridge girder is arranged at the outer side of the secondary lining, the lining inner side bridge girder is arranged at the inner side of the corresponding secondary lining, and the lining outer side bridge girder and the lining inner side bridge girder are connected through the bridge girder memory alloy connecting rod; one end of the bridge plate memory alloy connecting rod is hinged with the lining outer side bridge plate, and the other end of the bridge plate memory alloy connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lining inner side bridge plate through a fastening nut; the fastening nut exerts certain prestressing force on the bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod when being installed.
As one preferable mode of the invention, a rubber pad is arranged between the fastening nut and the lining inner side bridging plate; the rubber pad can increase the deformability there.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rubber supports are provided on the opposite surfaces of the lining outer side bridge plate and the lining inner side bridge plate, respectively, and the secondary lining is supported between the rubber supports of the lining outer side bridge plate and the lining inner side bridge plate.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the rubber supports on the lining outer side bridge girder and the lining inner side bridge girder are respectively an outer side bridge girder support and an inner side bridge girder support; and the inner side bridging plate support and the outer side bridging plate support are arranged at the end parts of the corresponding bridging plates and are respectively supported at the inner side and the outer side of the secondary lining.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the bridging plate seam buckle plate is specifically arranged at the seam outside two adjacent joint bridging mechanisms and is used for preventing surrounding rock materials from invading from the seam; the bridging plate joint rubber is arranged at the joint of the inner sides of two adjacent joint bridging mechanisms, and plays a role in shock absorption and leakage stoppage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the bridge plate joint rubber is T-shaped.
As one of preferable modes of the present invention, the waterproof board protective layer is specifically a rubber board, and is disposed between the waterproof board and the joint bridging mechanism to prevent the waterproof board from being scratched by the joint bridging mechanism; the drag reduction layer is a polyethylene plate, is arranged between the waterproof plate protective layer and the waterproof plate and is used for reducing the friction force between the mechanism and the initial support and between the mechanism and the waterproof plate during movement.
In a preferred mode of the invention, the foam concrete shock absorption filling layer is specifically basalt fiber foam concrete; the basalt fiber foam concrete is filled in the joints of the joint bridging mechanism and the secondary lining, and plays a role in shock absorption in the earthquake motion process.
The invention is suitable for the sectional secondary lining in the cross-fault tunnel as one of the preferable modes; in the cross-fault tunnel, the primary support, the waterproof plate and the secondary lining are sequentially arranged along the cross section of the tunnel from outside to inside; wherein, flexible joint design arranges between each segmental type secondary lining, and adjacent secondary lining passes through flexible joint design connects.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: in the design of the sectional lining of the cross-fault tunnel, the design of a joint structure is always a technical bottleneck in engineering; based on the ideas of waterproof, passive deformation and active restoration of the joint mechanism, the joint position of the segmental lining has better waterproof, deformation and deflection capabilities, and better practicability and operability, so that the earthquake disaster risk of the tunnel structure can be effectively reduced, the maintenance cost of the tunnel structure is saved, and the life and property safety of people is effectively protected. The method has the following specific advantages:
(1) under the static bearing condition of the tunnel, the joint bridging mechanism enables the lining to be longitudinally integrated, and the waterproof system is arranged behind the waterproof board protective layer and is not disconnected, so that the bearing requirement can be met under the condition that the lining joint is wide;
(2) under the action of earthquake motion, surrounding rock near a fault deforms to enable the position of a joint of the lining structure to generate differential displacement; according to the invention, the array type joint bridging mechanism system provides larger deformability for the segmental lining, and the requirements of joint position bearing, deformation deflection and water resistance are met under the condition of not changing a bearing mechanism and a water resistance mechanism by passive deformation along with the segmental lining;
(3) according to the invention, the self-restoring force is provided between the bridge plate outside the lining and the bridge plate inside the lining through the bridge plate memory alloy connecting rod, so that the joint has certain self-restoring capability after being deformed, and the structure is prevented from being loosened and damaged;
(4) the foam concrete filled with low strength and high damping in the joint can effectively absorb seismic energy and reduce the damage of a lining structure near the joint;
(5) due to the lapping effect of the bridging mechanism, even if the lining joint deforms and shifts greatly, the supporting structure near the joint still keeps continuous, and the using function of the tunnel structure is prevented from being influenced by surrounding rock damage and rock-soil material invasion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a passive vector type flexible joint structure for a cross-sectional tunnel segment lining in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a single joint bridging mechanism in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a fitting structure of the joint bridging mechanism, the bridging plate joint buckle, and the bridging plate joint rubber in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the protective layer and the resistance reducing layer of the waterproof sheet in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a cellular concrete shock-absorbing filling layer and its surrounding structure in example 1.
In the figure: 1 is primary support, 2 is a waterproof board, 3 is a secondary lining, 4 is a flexible joint structure, 41 is a joint bridging mechanism, 411 is a lining outer side bridging board, 4111 is an outer side bridging board support, 412 is a lining inner side bridging board, 4121 is an inner side bridging board support, 413 is a bridging board memory alloy connecting rod, 414 is a fastening nut, 415 is a rubber pad, 42 is a bridging board seam buckle, 43 is bridging board seam rubber, 44 is a waterproof board protective layer, 45 is a drag reduction layer, and 46 is a foam concrete shock absorption filling layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the cross-sectional tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure of the embodiment is suitable for a cross-sectional tunnel middle segment type secondary lining. In the cross-fault tunnel, a primary support 1, a waterproof plate 2 and a secondary lining 3 are sequentially arranged along the cross section of the tunnel from outside to inside. The flexible joint structure 4 of this embodiment is arranged between the sectional secondary linings 3 for connection.
The flexible joint structure 4 of this embodiment includes a joint bridging mechanism 41, a bridging plate seam buckle 42, a bridging plate seam rubber 43, a waterproof plate protective layer 44, a drag reduction layer 45 and a foam concrete shock-absorbing filling layer 46. A plurality of joint bridging mechanisms 41 are arranged, the joint bridging mechanisms 41 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cross-fault tunnel, and adjacent joint bridging mechanisms 41 are connected with a bridging plate joint rubber 43 through a bridging plate joint buckle plate 42; meanwhile, a waterproof board protective layer 44 and a drag reduction layer 45 are arranged between the outer side of the joint bridging mechanism 41 and the waterproof board 2 on the inner side of the tunnel primary support 1, and a foam concrete damping filling layer 46 is arranged in a joint between the joint bridging mechanism 41 and the tunnel secondary lining 3.
Further, referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, each joint bridging mechanism 41 includes a lining outer side bridging plate 411, a lining inner side bridging plate 412 and a bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod 413. The lining outside bridge girder 411 is provided on the outside of the secondary lining 3, the lining inside bridge girder 412 is provided on the inside of the corresponding secondary lining 3, and the lining outside bridge girder 411 and the lining inside bridge girder 412 are connected by a bridge girder memory alloy connecting rod 413. One end of the bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod 413 is hinged with the lining outer bridging plate 411, the other end of the bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lining inner bridging plate 412 through a fastening nut 414, and a rubber pad 415 is arranged between the fastening nut 414 and the lining inner bridging plate 412. In this embodiment, the fastening nut 414 exerts a certain pre-stress on the bridge plate memory alloy connection rod 413 during installation, and the rubber pad 415 is used for enhancing the deformation capability.
In addition, two outer bridging plate supports 4111 and two inner bridging plate supports 4121 are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the lining outer bridging plate 411 and the lining inner bridging plate 412; these rubber bearings are provided at the ends of the corresponding bridge plates and are supported on the inner and outer sides of the secondary lining 3 of the tunnel structure, respectively.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the bridge plate joint buckle 42 is specifically disposed at the joint of two adjacent lining outer bridge plates 411 for preventing surrounding rock materials from entering from the joint. The bridging plate joint rubber 43 is arranged at the joint of two adjacent lining inner bridging plates 412, and the cross section of the bridging plate joint rubber is T-shaped, so that the functions of shock absorption and leakage stoppage are achieved.
Further, referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the waterproof board protection layer 44 is specifically a rubber board, and is disposed between the waterproof board 2 and the joint bridging mechanism 41 to prevent the waterproof board 2 from being scratched by the joint bridging mechanism 41. The resistance reducing layer 45 is a polyethylene plate, is arranged between the waterproof plate protective layer 44 and the waterproof plate 2, and is used for reducing the friction force between the mechanism and the primary support 1 and the waterproof plate 2 during movement.
Further, referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the foam concrete shock absorption filling layer 46 is specifically basalt fiber foam concrete; the basalt fiber foam concrete is filled in the joints of the joint bridging mechanism 41 and the secondary lining 3, and plays a role in shock absorption in the earthquake motion action process.
The embodiment has the advantages that: (1) under the static bearing condition, the joint bridging mechanism 41 of the embodiment enables the secondary lining 3 to be longitudinally integrated, and the waterproof system is not disconnected after being arranged on the waterproof board protective layer 44, so that the bearing requirement can be met under the condition that the joint of the secondary lining 3 is wide; (2) under the action of earthquake motion, surrounding rock near the fault deforms to enable the position of the joint of the secondary lining 3 structure to generate differential displacement; in the embodiment, the array type joint bridging mechanism 41 system provides a large deformation capacity for the sectional type secondary lining 3, and the requirements of joint position bearing, deformation deflection and water resistance are met under the condition of not changing a bearing mechanism and a water resistance mechanism by passive deformation along with the sectional type secondary lining 3; (3) in the embodiment, a self-restoring force is provided between the lining outer side bridging plate 411 and the lining inner side bridging plate 412 through the bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod 413, so that the joint has a certain self-restoring capability after being deformed, and the structure is prevented from being loosened and damaged; (4) the foam concrete filled with low-strength and high-damping in the joint can effectively absorb seismic energy and reduce the damage of a lining structure near the joint; (5) due to the lapping effect of the joint bridging mechanism 41, even if the lining joint deforms and shifts greatly, the supporting structure near the joint of the embodiment still keeps continuous, and the using function of the tunnel structure is prevented from being influenced by surrounding rock damage and rock and soil material invasion.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A passive vector type flexible joint structure for a cross-fault tunnel segment lining is characterized by comprising a joint bridging mechanism, a bridging plate joint buckle plate, bridging plate joint rubber, a waterproof plate protective layer, a resistance reducing layer and a foam concrete damping filling layer; the joint bridging mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of annular directions along the cross-fault tunnel, and adjacent joint bridging mechanisms are connected with bridging plate joint rubber through bridging plate joint buckle plates; meanwhile, a waterproof board protective layer and a drag reduction layer are arranged between the outer side of the joint bridging mechanism and a waterproof board on the inner side of a primary tunnel support, and a foam concrete damping filling layer is arranged in a joint of the joint bridging mechanism and a secondary tunnel lining;
in addition, each joint bridging mechanism comprises a lining outer side bridging plate, a lining inner side bridging plate and a bridging plate memory alloy connecting rod respectively; the lining outer side bridge girder is arranged at the outer side of the secondary lining, the lining inner side bridge girder is arranged at the inner side of the corresponding secondary lining, and the lining outer side bridge girder and the lining inner side bridge girder are connected through the bridge girder memory alloy connecting rod; one end of the bridge plate memory alloy connecting rod is hinged with the bridge plate outside the lining, and the other end of the bridge plate memory alloy connecting rod is fixedly connected with the bridge plate inside the lining through a fastening nut.
2. The cross-sectional tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure of claim 1, wherein a rubber gasket is arranged between the fastening nut and the lining inner bridge plate.
3. The cross-sectional tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein rubber supports are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the lining outer side bridge plate and the lining inner side bridge plate, and the secondary lining is supported between the rubber supports of the lining outer side bridge plate and the lining inner side bridge plate.
4. The cross-sectional tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rubber supports on the lining outer side bridge plate and the lining inner side bridge plate are respectively an outer side bridge plate support and an inner side bridge plate support; and the inner side bridging plate support and the outer side bridging plate support are arranged at the end parts of the corresponding bridging plates and are respectively supported at the inner side and the outer side of the secondary lining.
5. The cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bridging plate joint buckle is specifically arranged at the outer side joint of two adjacent joint bridging mechanisms; the bridging plate joint rubber is arranged at the inner side joint of the two adjacent joint bridging mechanisms.
6. The cross-sectional tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure of claim 5, wherein the cross section of the bridge plate joint rubber is T-shaped.
7. The cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof board protective layer is a rubber board and is arranged between the waterproof board and the joint bridging mechanism; the resistance reducing layer is a polyethylene plate and is arranged between the waterproof plate protective layer and the waterproof plate.
8. The cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foam concrete shock-absorbing filling layer is specifically basalt fiber foam concrete; and the basalt fiber foam concrete is filled in the joint bridging mechanism and the joint of the secondary lining.
9. The cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure is characterized by being suitable for cross-fault tunnel middle segment type secondary lining; in the cross-fault tunnel, the primary support, the waterproof plate and the secondary lining are sequentially arranged along the cross section of the tunnel from outside to inside; wherein, flexible joint design arranges between each segmental type secondary lining, and adjacent secondary lining passes through flexible joint design connects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110989803.4A CN113605926B (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure |
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| CN202110989803.4A CN113605926B (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Cross-fault tunnel segment lining passive vector type flexible joint structure |
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| CN113605926A CN113605926A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
| CN113605926B true CN113605926B (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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| CN115081149B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Method for arranging retractable joint of yielding support structure of highway tunnel |
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