CN113602302B - Control method of split type railway vehicle air conditioning unit - Google Patents
Control method of split type railway vehicle air conditioning unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113602302B CN113602302B CN202110823976.9A CN202110823976A CN113602302B CN 113602302 B CN113602302 B CN 113602302B CN 202110823976 A CN202110823976 A CN 202110823976A CN 113602302 B CN113602302 B CN 113602302B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of a split type air conditioning unit of a railway vehicle, belonging to the technical field of air conditioning of railway vehicles, and comprising the following steps: step A, setting the set temperature in the carriage, and controlling the system according to the outdoor temperature and the temperature in the carriageThe temperature control air conditioning unit operates in a ventilation mode or a refrigeration mode; step B, when the air conditioner unit operates in a refrigeration mode, monitoring the temperature T of the IGBT in the frequency conversion unit in real time IGBT And according to T IGBT And adjusting the operating frequency range of the frequency conversion unit. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the method of the invention can ensure that the frequency conversion unit works at a better working temperature, and the comfort level of passengers in the carriage is ensured; 2. the guide plate is added to the frequency conversion unit, so that airflow passing through the radiating fins of the frequency converter and the radiating fins of the power factor correction device is more uniform, the flow speed is higher, and the temperature control of the IGBT is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle air conditioners, and particularly relates to a control method of a split type rail vehicle air conditioning unit.
Background
The rail vehicle air conditioner can be divided into an integrated air conditioner unit and a split air conditioner unit according to a mechanical structure. The integrated air conditioning unit is an air conditioning unit in which an indoor evaporation unit and an outdoor condensation unit are integrated into a cabinet body; the split type air conditioner is an air conditioning unit in which an indoor evaporation unit and an outdoor condensation unit are separately provided.
The indoor evaporation unit and the outdoor condensation unit of the split air conditioner are respectively installed at different positions of the vehicle body. Typically the compressor is located in the outdoor condensing unit. For the inverter unit associated with the compressor, the inverter unit is also placed in the condensing unit closest to the compressor in order to reduce harmonics and pressure drop. For rail vehicles, outdoor equipment may be exposed to higher operating temperature conditions.
The core component inside the frequency conversion unit is an IGBT, a large amount of loss is generated during operation of the IGBT and is directly converted into heat, a semiconductor structure of the IGBT is very heat sensitive, the maximum temperature resistance of a PN junction inside the IGBT is 150 ℃, the IGBT is considered to be damaged when the temperature of the PN junction inside the IGBT exceeds the temperature, and therefore the temperature of the IGBT must be strictly controlled. The temperature of 150 ℃ is a requirement for the temperature inside the IGBT, and the temperature protection is generally set to within 100 ℃ in view of the loss of heat conduction.
From the characteristics and installation positions of all units of the air conditioner, the control box is installed in the carriage, the temperature in the carriage is about 20-30 ℃, and the environment temperature is most suitable; the air supply area and the air return area in the evaporation unit can provide proper environmental temperature; and the condensing unit is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle and is influenced by the temperature of the condensed outlet air, and the ambient temperature may reach 45-60 ℃. The control disk and the evaporation unit are the best mounting locations.
But the length of each car is about 20 meters or so for a subway car, and the length of the wire line between each unit is very long for a split type air conditioner. If the frequency conversion unit is arranged in the control panel and the evaporation unit, the output power supply line is very long, and the voltage drop of the power supply output by the frequency conversion unit is very large; in addition, the position of each condensing unit is different, the power supply lines are different in length and difficult to control. And the compressor is arranged inside the condensing unit, if the frequency conversion unit is placed in the condensing unit, the circuit between the frequency conversion unit and the compressor is shortest and consistent in length, and the optimal pressure drop solution is realized. However, when the inverter unit is installed in the condensing unit, the ambient temperature of the condensing unit may be as high as 45 ℃ to 60 ℃, which is not favorable for the operation of the IGBT.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a control method of a split type rail vehicle air conditioning unit, which can effectively reduce the working temperature of an IGBT and ensure the operation of a compressor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a control method of a split type air conditioning unit for a railway vehicle comprises an evaporation unit positioned on the roof of the vehicle, a condensation unit positioned on the bottom of the vehicle and a matched control system, wherein a frequency conversion unit and a power factor correction device in the control system are both arranged in the condensation unit, and the control method comprises the following steps:
step A, setting a set temperature in a carriage, and controlling the air conditioning unit to operate in a ventilation mode or a refrigeration mode by a control system according to the outdoor temperature and the temperature in the carriage;
step B, when the air conditioner unit operates in a refrigeration mode, monitoring the temperature T of the IGBT in the frequency conversion unit in real time IGBT ：
When T is IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T1, the frequency conversion unit operates in the full frequency range;
when T1 < T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T2, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 55Hz at the maximum, and when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T1-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can operate in the full frequency range again according to the requirement;
when T2 < T IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T3, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 50Hz at the highest; when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T2-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be increased to the maximum working frequency of 55Hz again to operate according to the requirement;
when T is IGBT > T3, the frequency conversion unit is stopped, only ventilation is carried out, and when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T3-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be started again according to the requirement;
wherein, the value range of T1 is 83-87 ℃, T2 is T1+5 ℃, T3 is T2+10 ℃, and T is more than 0 and less than or equal to 5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the method of the invention can ensure that the frequency conversion unit works at a better working temperature, and the comfort level of passengers in the carriage is ensured; 2. the guide plate is added to the frequency conversion unit, so that airflow passing through the radiating fins of the frequency converter and the radiating fins of the power factor correction device is more uniform, the flow speed is higher, and the temperature control of the IGBT is facilitated.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the air conditioning unit of the present invention on a vehicle compartment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a condensing unit in the air conditioning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a baffle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of CFD airflow calculations before and after addition of a baffle;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the V/f operation of the compressor;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of air conditioner temperature control according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a control flowchart of the temperature of the IGBT in the invention.
In the drawings: 1 is a first radiating fin, 2 is a second radiating fin, 3 is a first guide plate, 4 is a second guide plate, 5 is a frequency converter, 6 is a power factor correction device,
a represents an evaporation unit, B represents a condensation unit, and C represents a control system.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached drawings 1-3, the invention provides a control method of a split type air conditioning unit for a railway vehicle, which is based on the split type air conditioning unit, the air conditioning unit for the railway vehicle comprises an evaporation unit A positioned on the roof of the vehicle, a condensation unit B positioned on the bottom of the vehicle and a matched control system C, and a frequency conversion unit in the control system C is arranged on the condensation unit B.
The frequency conversion unit comprises a frequency converter 5 and a power factor correction device 6. The frequency converter 5 and the power factor correction device 6 are both arranged at an air inlet of the condensing unit B, and the frequency converter 5 and the power factor correction device 6 are respectively fixed with a first radiating fin 1 and a second radiating fin 2.
A first guide plate 3 and a second guide plate 4 which are respectively matched with the frequency converter 5 and the power factor correction device 6 are also arranged in the box body of the condensation unit B, a gap between the first guide plate 3 and the first radiating fin 1 is arranged to form a radiating air duct of the frequency conversion unit, and a gap between the second guide plate 4 and the second radiating fin 2 is arranged to form a radiating air duct of the power factor correction device. The first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4 are both bending plates, and the bending angle is 55-65 degrees.
Taking a heat dissipation air duct matched with the frequency converter 5 as an example, as can be seen from the CFD analysis result in fig. 4, most of the air flow of the heat dissipation fins of the frequency converter is below 3.0m/s when no guide plate is added, and the air flow attached to the surface of the frequency converter is below 0.6 m/s; and most of the air flow is about 4.5m/s after the guide plate is added, so that the air flow distribution is more uniform, and the frequency converter 5 can better dissipate heat.
Further, the number of the condensing units B in the air conditioning unit is two. Thus, the air conditioning unit has 6 refrigeration levels, one of the two condensing units B is in the operating mode when operating in the 1-3 level refrigeration mode, and both condensing units B are in the operating mode when operating in the 4-6 level refrigeration mode.
Air conditioner refrigeration mode classification:
based on the V/f curve of the compressor operation and the requirement of the refrigeration grade of the air conditioner in fig. 5, the compressor will operate at the maximum under the power output of 460V/60Hz, and at this time, the pre-stage rectification and voltage boosting module of the frequency conversion unit needs to boost the bus voltage to DC660V at least to ensure the output requirement is met. At good ambient temperatures (e.g., 25 ℃), a conventional design is to keep the bus voltage at DC660V to ensure its full range output. However, when the output voltage requirement is low, the higher the bus voltage is, the larger the IGBT switching loss is, the lower the overall conversion efficiency is, and the larger the heat productivity is. Therefore, when the output frequency of the frequency converter 5 is less than or equal to 55Hz, the output voltage of the power factor correction device 6 is DC 610V; when the output frequency of the frequency converter 5 is greater than 55Hz, the output voltage of the power factor correction device 6 is DC 660V.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the present invention provides a control method of a split type air conditioning unit for a railway vehicle, including the steps of:
step A, setting a set temperature in a carriage, and controlling the air conditioning unit to operate in a ventilation mode or a refrigeration mode by a control system C according to the outdoor temperature and the temperature in the carriage;
step B, when the air conditioner unit operates in a refrigeration mode, monitoring the temperature T of the IGBT in the frequency conversion unit in real time IGBT ：
When T is IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T1, the frequency conversion unit operates in the full frequency range.
When T1 < T IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T2, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 55Hz at the maximum. Only when the temperature is restored to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T1-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can operate in the full frequency range again according to the requirement. Here, design T IGBT The frequency conversion unit can be operated in the full frequency range again only if the frequency conversion unit is not T1, but not T IGBT T1 is considered when T IGBT Around T1, between the two states, affecting the life of the device.
When T2 < T IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T3, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 50Hz at the highest; when the temperature is restored to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T2-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be increased to the maximum working frequency of 55Hz again to operate according to the requirement. Here, T is designed IGBT The T2 frequency conversion unit can be increased again to the maximum 55Hz working frequency to operate according to the requirement, but not the T1 < T IGBT ≦ T2, considering when T is IGBT Around T2, between the two states, affecting the life of the device.
When T is IGBT If the temperature is more than T3, the frequency conversion unit is stopped, only the ventilation operation is carried out, and when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T3-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be started again according to the requirement.
Wherein, the value range of T1 is 83-87 ℃, T2 is T1+5 ℃, T3 is T2+10 ℃, and T is more than 0 and less than or equal to 5. Considering that the service life of the IGBT is nearly halved every time the operating temperature of the IGBT rises by 10 ℃, the maximum temperature operation of the IGBT is 150 ℃, but the maximum setting of the temperature is about 100 ℃ and the tolerance temperature of other electronic components (such as electrolytic capacitors) inside the frequency conversion equipment is considered. When the temperature is about 85 ℃ in an ideal state, the normal work of the frequency conversion equipment in a whole life cycle of 15 years can be ensured.
By adopting the air conditioning unit and the method, when the lowest voltage is output under the same working condition of 52.5 ℃, the temperature of the IGBT is reduced by 3 ℃ when the bus voltage is DC 610V; at the lowest voltage output under the same 52.5 ℃ operating conditions, the bus voltage was DC610V and the IGBT temperature decreased by 10 ℃ with the addition of the baffles, as shown below.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover all modifications within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a control method of split type rail vehicle air conditioning unit, rail vehicle air conditioning unit include the evaporation unit that is located the roof, be located the condensation unit and the supporting control system of vehicle bottom, frequency conversion unit among the control system sets up at the condensation unit, its characterized in that includes following step:
step A, setting a set temperature in a carriage, and controlling the air conditioning unit to operate in a ventilation mode or a refrigeration mode by a control system according to the outdoor temperature and the temperature in the carriage;
step B, when the air conditioner unit operates in a refrigeration mode, monitoring the temperature T of the IGBT in the frequency conversion unit in real time IGBT ：
When T is IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T1, the frequency conversion unit operates in the full frequency range;
when T1 < T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T2, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 55Hz at the maximum, and when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T1-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can operate in the full frequency range again according to the requirement;
when T2 < T IGBT When the frequency is less than or equal to T3, the controller controls the frequency conversion unit to operate at 50Hz at the highest; when the temperature is restored to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T2-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be increased to the maximum working frequency of 55Hz again to operate according to the requirement;
when T is IGBT If the temperature is more than T3, the frequency conversion unit is stopped, only the ventilation operation is carried out, and when the temperature is recovered to T IGBT When the temperature is less than or equal to T3-T ℃, the frequency conversion unit can be started again according to the requirement;
wherein, the value range of T1 is 83-87 ℃, T2 is T1+5 ℃, T3 is T2+10 ℃, T is more than 0 and less than or equal to 5;
the frequency conversion unit comprises a frequency converter (5) and a power factor correction device (6), the frequency converter (5) and the power factor correction device (6) are both arranged at an air inlet of the condensation unit, and a first radiating fin (1) and a second radiating fin (2) are respectively fixed on the frequency converter (5) and the power factor correction device (6);
a first guide plate (3) and a second guide plate (4) which are respectively matched with the frequency converter (5) and the power factor correction device (6) are further arranged in the box body of the condensation unit, the first guide plate (3) and the first radiating fin (1) are arranged in a clearance mode to form a frequency conversion unit radiating air duct, and the second guide plate (4) and the second radiating fin (2) are arranged in a clearance mode to form a power factor correction device radiating air duct;
the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4) are both bending plates, and the bending angle is 55-65 degrees.
2. The control method of the split type rail vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein the output frequency of the inverter unit is 45-60 Hz.
3. The split rail vehicle air conditioning unit control method according to claim 1, wherein there are two condensing units.
4. The control method of a split-type rail vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning unit has 6 refrigeration levels, one of the two condensing units is in the operation mode when operating in the 1-3 level refrigeration mode, and both condensing units are in the operation mode when operating in the 4-6 level refrigeration mode.
5. The control method of a split type rail vehicle air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein in step B, when the output frequency of the inverter (5) is equal to or less than 55Hz, the output voltage of the power factor correction device (6) is DC 610V; when the output frequency of the frequency converter (5) is more than 55Hz, the output voltage of the power factor correction device (6) is DC 660V.
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| CN202110823976.9A CN113602302B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Control method of split type railway vehicle air conditioning unit |
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| CN202110823976.9A CN113602302B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Control method of split type railway vehicle air conditioning unit |
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| CN113602302B true CN113602302B (en) | 2022-08-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201530284U (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-07-21 | 郑州科林车用空调有限公司 | Multi-borne multiplex bus air conditioner |
| CN103167780B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2016-06-08 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Power model combined radiator assembly |
| JP5988733B2 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2016-09-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Vehicle air conditioning system |
| CN105180350B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2018-02-02 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | The cooling control method and heat abstractor of transducer air conditioning |
| CN107388489B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Frequency converter temprature control method, device and PV air-conditioner |
| CN107289545B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2023-08-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Radiator, air conditioner outdoor unit and air conditioner |
| DE102017223214A1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Track-bound vehicle, arrangement for cooling an energy storage device of the track-bound vehicle and method for controlling the arrangement |
| CN111238009A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-05 | 唐荣利 | Frequency conversion control method of central air conditioner |
| CN211995572U (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-11-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle air conditioning unit and rail vehicle |
| CN112277987B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-10-22 | 石家庄国祥运输设备有限公司 | Multi-stage refrigeration control method for air conditioning unit of railway vehicle |
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