CN113586134A - Method for treating gas by hole-lane-replacement combined drainage on coal seam working face - Google Patents
Method for treating gas by hole-lane-replacement combined drainage on coal seam working face Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas drainage control of fully mechanized coal mining faces, and particularly relates to a method for gas drainage control of a coal seam working face by combining hole-lane replacement. According to the method, according to the gas drainage drilling hole arrangement principle, a ground large-diameter drilling hole and an underground high-position directional drilling hole are constructed, and the ground temporary gas drainage pump station system is matched to drain the gas on the working face and the upper corner in a multi-dimensional mode, so that the problem of gas over-limit is effectively solved, the safety recovery is guaranteed, the tunnel digging engineering amount is reduced, and the aims of reducing the cost, relieving the connection of the working face and the like are fulfilled. The method has important significance for the construction of tens of millions of tons of intelligent mines and has good practical effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas drainage control of fully mechanized caving faces, in particular to a method for gas drainage control of a coal seam working face by combining hole-lane replacement.
Background
Gas is the first of five disasters in coal mines, and the safe production of mines is severely restricted. In recent years, along with the increase of the coal mining depth and strength, the gas content of a coal face is gradually increased, the gas emission phenomenon in a goaf is increasingly remarkable, and how to reasonably and effectively solve the problem of gas overrun in the coal seam stoping process becomes a primary problem for coal mine enterprises.
At present, several ventilation modes such as W, U, Z and Y are mainly adopted in coal mining in China, and the technical means of laying a bottom suction lane, a high suction lane and the like are combined to solve the problem of gas overrun of a working face and an upper corner of the working face. However, with the extension of the mine to the deep part and the continuous increase of the mining strength, the problems existing in the process of constructing the gas extraction roadway, such as long tunneling time, large workload, large investment, obvious influence of geological structure and the like, are gradually highlighted. In addition, along with the recovery of the working face, cracks of a coal seam top and bottom plate develop to form crack zones, and pressure relief gas generated in the cracks moves upwards along the crack zones to form upper corner gas enrichment and even over-limit, so that the safety recovery of the working face is seriously influenced.
Therefore, the research and the invention of the method for treating the gas by the combination of hole-lane replacement and gas drainage on the coal seam working face are urgently needed. The gas treatment method has the advantages of controllable gas extraction drilling track, high gas extraction efficiency, large concentration, wide influence area and the like, can effectively solve the problem of gas overrun of the return airway and the upper corner, reduces the tunneling engineering quantity of the roadway and achieves the aims of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating gas by using hole-lane-replacement combined drainage on a coal seam working face, which is used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for treating gas by hole-lane-replacement combined drainage on a coal seam working face comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the horizontal distance between the ground large-diameter drill hole and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s2: determining the arrangement distance between the drill holes along the working face direction according to the control area of the ground large-diameter drill hole single-hole gas drainage;
s3: designing and constructing a ground large-diameter borehole by drilling twice;
s31: firstly, a phi 425mm roller bit is adopted, after a matrix weathering zone is drilled through by 10m, a phi 377.7mm x 10mm steel grade J55 surface casing pipe is arranged, and an earth surface loose layer is sealed;
s32: secondly, drilling a drill bit with the diameter of 311.1mm to 50m above a top plate of a target coal seam, and putting a steel grade J55 technical casing with the diameter of 244.5mm by 8.94mm, and well cementing and cement injecting to return to a goaf;
s33: three-drilling is carried out by adopting a drill bit with the diameter of 215.9mm, the drill is drilled to be 3m above the floor of the target coal seam, and the drill is finished by the naked eye;
s4: according to the gas drainage amount of the ground drill hole, the number of 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pumps installed in a temporary gas drainage pump station is designed and selected, a DN500 steel pipe is matched and connected with the ground drill hole, and 2 drill holes are kept all the time for drainage.
S5: determining the vertical position distribution of the high-position directional drilling according to the development heights of the caving zone and the fractured zone of the overlying rock layer on the working surface;
s6: determining the horizontal distance between the underground high-position directional drilling (3) and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s7: drilling a high-position directional borehole in the pit by using a mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine;
s71: drilling holes by using a phi 89mm cable-through drill rod and a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottom directional drill bit;
s72: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 153 mm;
s73: reaming to 15m by using a phi 193mm drill bit;
s74: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 215 mm;
s75: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 250mm, connecting a water stop sleeve pipe by using an iron sleeve pipe with the diameter of 220mm multiplied by 1m in a screw thread manner, and grouting and plugging the sleeve pipe with the length of 15 m;
s76: utilizing a directional deflecting section to enable the drilling position to reach a designed layer position, then drilling along the working face direction and the bedding layer, and drilling a final hole with the diameter of phi 193 mm;
s8: and (3) extracting by using a water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas extraction pump station, wherein the extraction negative pressure is 35-40 KPa, the total flow of extracted mixed gas is 20-45 m3/min, and when the distance between the working face and the high-position directional drilling hole is 20m, the high-position directional drilling hole is started to extract gas.
Preferably, a) the drill holes are arranged at the upper part of the caving zone and the middle lower part of the fractured zone of the goaf in the vertical direction, b) the drill holes are transversely positioned in an mining O-shaped ring at one side of the return airway, and c) the hole distance is reasonable, so that the effective superposition of the drainage areas of the single holes can be ensured.
Preferably, the ground large-diameter gas drainage drill holes are distributed in an O-shaped ring of the overburden mining fracture on one side of the return airway and drilled to be 3m above the floor of the coal seam, and the drill holes are distributed along the trend of the working face according to the single-hole gas drainage control area, so that the effective superposition of the drainage areas of the drill holes is ensured.
Preferably, the surface large diameter borehole is drilled using a double drilling process.
Preferably, the ground temporary gas drainage pump station system mainly adopts 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pumps, and is matched with a DN500 steel pipe to be connected with a ground large-diameter gas drainage drill hole, so that gas on an underground fully mechanized caving face is extracted.
Preferably, the underground high-position directional drilling hole is vertically arranged in a rock stratum at the top of a coal seam roof caving zone and horizontally arranged in an O-shaped ring of a mining fracture on one side away from the return airway.
Preferably, the underground high-position directional drilling hole is drilled by a ZDY12000LD type mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine.
Preferably, the underground temporary gas drainage system adopts a 2BEC120 type water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas drainage pump station for drainage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the technical scheme, the roadway engineering amount can be effectively reduced, the engineering cost is reduced, and the problem of mine connection tension is relieved.
2. And the gas content of the upper corner and the working face is obviously lower than that of an alarm line by multi-element three-dimensional combined drainage of the ground large-diameter drill hole and the underground high-position directional drill.
3. The hole-to-lane gas drainage technology has the advantages of controllable drilling track, high gas extraction efficiency, large concentration, wide influence area and the like, and has a good application effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 plan view of a large diameter borehole in the ground
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the hole of the underground high directional drilling
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a design trajectory of a downhole high-position directional drilling
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the combined drainage method of 'replacing a roadway with a hole' in the gas control of the fully mechanized mining face is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the horizontal distance between the ground large-diameter drill hole and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s2: determining the arrangement distance between the drill holes along the working face direction according to the control area of the ground large-diameter drill hole single-hole gas drainage;
s3: designing and constructing a ground large-diameter borehole by drilling twice;
s31: firstly, a phi 425mm roller bit is adopted, after a matrix weathering zone is drilled through by 10m, a phi 377.7mm x 10mm steel grade J55 surface casing pipe is arranged, and an earth surface loose layer is sealed;
s32: secondly, drilling a drill bit with the diameter of 311.1mm to 50m above a top plate of a target coal seam, and putting a steel grade J55 technical casing with the diameter of 244.5mm by 8.94mm, and well cementing and cement injecting to return to a goaf;
s33: three-drilling is carried out by adopting a drill bit with the diameter of 215.9mm, the drill is drilled to be 3m above the floor of the target coal seam, and the drill is finished by the naked eye;
s4: according to the gas drainage amount of the ground drill hole, the number of 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pumps installed on a temporary gas drainage pump station is designed and selected, a DN500 steel pipe is matched and connected with the ground drill hole, and 2 drill holes are kept all the time for gas drainage.
S5: determining the vertical position distribution of the high-position directional drilling according to the development heights of the caving zone and the fractured zone of the overlying rock layer on the working surface;
s6: determining the horizontal distance between the underground high-position directional drilling hole and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s7: drilling a high-position directional borehole in the pit by using a mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine;
s71: drilling holes by using a phi 89mm cable-through drill rod and a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottom directional drill bit;
s72: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 153 mm;
s73: reaming to 15m by using a phi 193mm drill bit;
s74: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 215 mm;
s75: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 250mm, and adopting a water-stopping sleeve
The iron sleeve is connected in a screw thread mode, and the grouting plugging length is 15 m;
s76: utilizing a directional deflecting section to enable the drilling position to reach a designed layer, and then drilling along the working face to the bedding layer, wherein the diameter of the drilling hole is phi 193 mm;
s8: gas extraction is carried out by utilizing a water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas extraction pump station, the extraction negative pressure is 35-40 KPa, and the total flow of extracted mixed gas is 20-45 m3And min, when the distance between the working face and the high-position directional drilling hole is 20m, the high-position directional drilling hole is started to extract the gas.
One specific application of this embodiment is:
the design trend length of a certain fully mechanized caving face of a certain coal mine is 2600m, the trend length is 200m, and the elevation of the face is 834-866 m. And (3) during the tunneling of the roadway, finding that the coal seam has a bifurcation phenomenon, tunneling to a 1800m change layer according to the actual production requirement plan, and only mining the upper coal seam. Because coal seam occurrence and tunneling horizon change, if the top suction roadway is required to be constructed in a rock roadway during continuous construction, the construction speed is slow and cannot meet the requirement of mine connection, so that the working face is determined to be tunneled to about 2080m and stopped tunneling, and the method for constructing gas drainage drilling holes is adopted for the residual distance, so that the problem of high gas in the stoping process of the fully mechanized caving face is solved.
(1) The gas drainage drilling hole arrangement is characterized in that: a) the drill holes are arranged on the upper part of the caving zone and the middle lower part of the fractured zone of the goaf in the vertical direction, b) the drill holes are transversely positioned in an mining O-shaped ring on one side of the return airway, and c) the hole distance is reasonable so as to ensure effective superposition of single-hole drainage areas.
(2) Referring to the attached figure 1, it is determined that a row of ground drilled holes is constructed at a position 9m away from a return airway of a working face and drilled to be 3m above a target coal seam floor. The first ground drilling hole is arranged at a distance of 30m from the cutting hole and is staggered with 9m in the return airway, and 1 drilling hole is arranged every 50m along the trend of the working face according to the single-hole gas drainage control area (about 25m), and 9 drilling holes are arranged in total.
(3) A ground large-diameter drill hole I is drilled by a phi 425mm roller bit, and after the drill hole is drilled through a bedrock weathering zone by 10m, a phi 377.7mm 10mm steel grade J55 surface casing pipe is put into the drill hole I to seal a ground surface loose layer; secondly, drilling a drill bit with the diameter of 311.1mm to 50m above a top plate of a target coal seam, and putting a steel grade J55 technical casing with the diameter of 244.5mm by 8.94mm, and well cementing and cement injecting to return to a goaf; and (3) drilling by using a drill bit with the diameter of 215.9mm until the drill bit reaches 3m above the floor of the target coal seam, and finishing drilling by using an open hole.
(4)3 ground large-diameter drill holes are simultaneously drawn and released by 300m3Min, 2 water-ring vacuum pumps of type 2BEC72 were selected accordingly (1 stage for work and 1 stage for future use). DN500 steel pipes are matched to connect 9 drilled holes on the ground with a 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pump.
(5) The extraction negative pressure of a 2BEC72 type water-ring vacuum pump is 16-101 KPa, and the rated extraction air volume is 410m3And/min. And when the working face pushes 5m of the drill hole, starting the drill hole for extraction, when the 3 rd drill hole is buried into the goaf for 5m, starting the drill hole and stopping the 1 st drill hole for extraction, wherein 2 drill holes are kept for extraction all the time, and the deepest extraction distance of the single-hole buried into the goaf is 105 m.
(5) According to the advancing speed of the working face, the vertical distance between the final hole of the drilled hole and the top plate of the coal seam is 3-5 times of the mining thickness, the thickness of the coal seam is 3.8m, and the height of the final hole is 11.4-19 m. In order to effectively pump and discharge gas in a goaf and prevent the concentration of the gas at an upper corner from exceeding the limit, the arrangement of the drill holes in the direction of the working face top plate is to reduce the layer position and arrange the drill holes in the rock layer at the top of a caving zone, so that the vertical distance between the positions of the final holes of the drill holes and the coal seam top plate is set to be 7.1-13.1 m.
(6) According to the theory of the mining crack O-shaped ring (the peripheral width is about 34m), directional drilling is deployed within the range of 10.7-32.7 m away from the return airway.
(7) Referring to the attached figure 2, two rows of bedding long drill holes are constructed in a fully mechanized mining face air return roadway 2000m drill site along the central line direction of the roadway, the holes are distributed in an inverted W shape, the height of the upper row of drill holes is 2.5m, the height of the lower row of drill holes is 2m, 5 drill holes are distributed in total, wherein holes 1, 2 and 3# are drilled on the side wall of the chamber, and holes 4 and 5# are drilled right in front of the chamber.
(8) Referring to fig. 3, the final hole positions for the 5 drilled holes are designed as follows: the distance between the No. 1 drill hole and the coal seam top plate is 10.1m, and the distance between the No. 1 drill hole and the return airway side is 32.7 m; the distance between the No. 2 drill hole and the coal seam roof is 13.1m, and the distance between the No. 2 drill hole and the return airway side is 24.7 m; the distance between the No. 3 drill hole and the coal seam roof is 8.6m, and the distance between the No. 3 drill hole and the return airway side is 18.9 m; the distance between the No. 4 drill hole and the coal seam roof is 11.8m, and the distance between the No. 4 drill hole and the return airway wall is 10.7 m; the No. 5 drill hole is 7.1m away from the coal seam roof and 22.4m away from the return airway side.
(9) The high-position directional drilling adopts a ZDY12000LD type mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine, a hole is formed by using a phi 89mm through cable drilling rod and a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottom directional drill bit, then the hole is expanded to 15m by using a phi 153mm drill bit, then the hole is expanded to 15m by using a phi 193mm drill bit, then the hole is expanded to 15m by using a phi 215mm drill bit, finally the hole is expanded to 15m by using a phi 250mm drill bit, a water-stopping sleeve pipe adopts a phi 220mm x 1m iron sleeve pipe, the sleeve pipe is connected in a screw thread mode, and the length of the grouting plugging is 15 m. And (3) utilizing the directional deflecting section to enable the drilling position to reach a designed horizon, and then drilling along the working face to the bedding layer, wherein the diameter of the final hole is 193 mm.
(10) The 5 high-position directional drill holes are mainly connected with DN350 mm steel pipes arranged in a return air gateway by using phi 193mm telescopic hoses, a branch pipeline in the return air gateway is connected with a DN900 mm gas extraction main pipeline arranged in a main return airway, and extraction is carried out by using a 2BEC120 type water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas extraction pump station.
(11)2BEC120 type water ring type vacuum gas pump extraction negative pressure is 35-40 KPa, and the total flow rate of extracted mixed gas is 20-45 m3And/min. And when the working face is stoped to the position of 20m, starting to extract until the stoping is finished.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for treating gas by hole-lane-replacement combined drainage on a coal seam working face is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the horizontal distance between the ground large-diameter drill hole and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s2: determining the arrangement distance between the drill holes along the working face direction according to the control area of the ground large-diameter drill hole single-hole gas drainage;
s3: designing and constructing a ground large-diameter borehole by drilling twice;
s31: firstly, a phi 425mm roller bit is adopted, after a matrix weathering zone is drilled through by 10m, a phi 377.7mm x 10mm steel grade J55 surface casing pipe is arranged, and an earth surface loose layer is sealed;
s32: secondly, drilling a drill bit with the diameter of 311.1mm to 50m above a top plate of a target coal seam, and putting a steel grade J55 technical casing with the diameter of 244.5mm by 8.94mm, and well cementing and cement injecting to return to a goaf;
s33: three-drilling is carried out by adopting a drill bit with the diameter of 215.9mm, the drill is drilled to be 3m above the floor of the target coal seam, and the drill is finished by the naked eye;
s4: according to the gas drainage amount of the ground drill hole, the number of 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pumps installed in a temporary gas drainage pump station is designed and selected, a DN500 steel pipe is matched and connected with the ground drill hole, and 2 drill holes are kept all the time for drainage.
S5: determining the vertical position distribution of the high-position directional drilling according to the development heights of the caving zone and the fractured zone of the overlying rock layer on the working surface;
s6: determining the horizontal distance between the underground high-position directional drilling (3) and the return airway according to the O-shaped ring theory of the overburden mining fracture;
s7: drilling a high-position directional borehole in the pit by using a mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine;
s71: drilling holes by using a phi 89mm cable-through drill rod and a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottom directional drill bit;
s72: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 153 mm;
s73: reaming to 15m by using a phi 193mm drill bit;
s74: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 215 mm;
s75: reaming to 15m by using a drill bit with the diameter of 250mm, connecting a water stop sleeve pipe by using an iron sleeve pipe with the diameter of 220mm multiplied by 1m in a screw thread manner, and grouting and plugging the sleeve pipe with the length of 15 m;
s76: utilizing a directional deflecting section to enable the drilling position to reach a designed layer position, then drilling along the working face direction and the bedding layer, and drilling a final hole with the diameter of phi 193 mm;
s8: and (3) extracting by using a water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas extraction pump station, wherein the extraction negative pressure is 35-40 KPa, the total flow of extracted mixed gas is 20-45 m3/min, and when the distance between the working face and the high-position directional drilling hole is 20m, the high-position directional drilling hole is started to extract gas.
2. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a) the drill holes are arranged on the upper part of the caving zone and the middle lower part of the fractured zone of the goaf in the vertical direction, b) the drill holes are transversely positioned in an mining O-shaped ring on one side of the return airway, and c) the hole distance is reasonable, so that the effective superposition of the single-hole drainage areas can be ensured.
3. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) arranging ground large-diameter gas drainage drill holes in an O-shaped ring of a overburden mining fracture on one side of the return airway, drilling to a position 3m above the floor of the coal seam, and arranging the drill holes along the trend of the working surface according to the single-hole gas drainage control area to ensure that the drainage areas of the drill holes are effectively overlapped.
4. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ground large-diameter drilling adopts a twice drilling process.
5. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ground temporary gas drainage pump station system mainly adopts 2BEC72 type water ring vacuum pumps, and is matched with a DN500 steel pipe to be connected with a ground large-diameter gas drainage drill hole, so that the gas on the underground fully mechanized caving face is extracted.
6. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the underground high-position directional drilling hole is vertically arranged in a rock stratum at the top of a coal seam roof caving zone and horizontally arranged in an O-shaped ring of a mining-induced fracture on one side away from a return airway.
7. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the underground high-position directional drilling adopts a ZDY12000LD type mining crawler-type full-hydraulic tunnel drilling machine for drilling.
8. The method for treating gas by combined drainage of the coal seam working face by replacing a roadway with a hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the underground temporary gas drainage system adopts a 2BEC120 type water ring type vacuum gas pump arranged in a ground gas drainage pump station to extract.
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