CN114575791B - Structure and process for extracting gas from lower protective layer of high-level high-drainage roadway and downward drilling hole - Google Patents
Structure and process for extracting gas from lower protective layer of high-level high-drainage roadway and downward drilling hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN114575791B CN114575791B CN202210204257.3A CN202210204257A CN114575791B CN 114575791 B CN114575791 B CN 114575791B CN 202210204257 A CN202210204257 A CN 202210204257A CN 114575791 B CN114575791 B CN 114575791B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
Abstract
The invention discloses a gas structure and a process for extracting a lower protective layer from a high-level high drainage roadway and a downward drilling hole, wherein the gas structure comprises a protective layer and a protected layer positioned above the protective layer; the protective layer is internally provided with an air return gate, a tape machine gate and a working face cutting hole of the protective layer, and a high-level high-suction roadway is arranged above the protected layer; a plurality of groups of drilling holes are arranged in the high-level pumping roadway, the 1 st group of drilling holes are positioned at positions along the advancing direction of the working face from the cutting hole of the working face of the protective layer, each group of drilling holes are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the working face, the distance between every two adjacent groups of drilling holes is 20-40m, and each group of drilling holes is 3 types, and the high-level pumping roadway comprises: a first borehole, a second borehole, a third borehole; and the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the third drilling hole are all constructed in the falling zone of the working surface of the mined protective layer. The method comprises the steps of constructing a roadway, drilling holes, sealing holes, extracting gas and draining water. The invention has the advantages that: the extraction structure and the process are simple, and the extraction effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine gas control, in particular to a structure and a process for extracting lower protective layer gas from a high-level high drainage roadway and a downward drilling hole.
Background
Coal and gas outburst seriously threatens the coal mine safety production. The pressure relief effect of the mining protective layer on the protected layer is very uniform, and the mining protective layer is the most reliable and effective anti-outburst measure; therefore, a prominent hazard zone with conditions for the exploitation of the protective layer is necessary. The protection layer is mined and the pressure relief gas of the protected layer is extracted at the same time, so that the protection effect of the protected layer is improved, the gas of the protected layer is prevented from rushing into the working surface of the protection layer, and the production safety is threatened. In the process of mining the upper protective layer, a gas control tunnel is constructed on a working face bottom plate of the protected layer or in the process of mining the long-distance lower protective layer, a gas control tunnel is constructed on a working face top plate (the working face bottom plate of the protected layer), and pressure relief gas (see figure 1) of the protected layer is pumped towards a through-layer drilling hole in the gas control tunnel, so that the gas of the protected layer can be effectively pumped. In the process of mining the short-distance lower protective layer, a construction gas control roadway is not arranged between the protective layer and the protected layer, the gas control roadway (high drainage roadway) is constructed on the top plate of the working surface of the protected layer, the high drainage roadway layer is higher, cracks between the protected layer and the working surface of the protective layer do not develop, the high drainage roadway has poor drainage effect, and the invention is provided for solving the problems of high drainage roadway layer and poor drainage effect in the process of mining the short-distance lower protective layer.
In the prior art, the damage condition of the roof strata of the goaf after working face mining is generally divided into three zones, namely a caving zone, a fracture zone and a bending sinking zone, as shown in fig. 2; as the working surface advances, the goaf cracks in the middle of the working surface gradually compact, and a communicated mining crack development area, called a mining crack 'O' -ring, exists around the goaf, as shown in fig. 3.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
the technical problem of poor extraction effect due to high layer height of a high extraction roadway in the short-distance lower protective layer extraction process in the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
a gas structure of a lower protective layer is extracted from a high-level high drainage roadway and a downward drilling hole, and comprises a protective layer and a protected layer positioned above the protective layer;
the protective layer is internally provided with an air return gate, a tape machine gate and a working face cutting hole of the protective layer, and a high-level high-suction roadway is arranged above the protected layer;
the high-level high-suction roadway is positioned in a transition zone of a bending subsidence zone or a fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone after the mining of the working face of the protective layer in the vertical direction;
set up a plurality of groups of drilling in the high-order entry, 1 st group drilling is located from protective layer working face cutting eye along working face advancing direction 5-10m department, and each group drilling sets gradually along working face advancing direction, and adjacent two sets of drilling interval is 20-40m, and every group drilling divides 3 types, includes:
the first drilling hole can extract gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the return air cis-slot of the goaf on the working surface of the protective layer;
the second drilling hole can be used for extracting pressure relief gas of the protected layer;
and thirdly, drilling holes, and extracting gas in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the gate of the goaf belt conveyor on the working face of the protective layer.
When the gas structure of the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole for extracting the lower protective layer is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the working face of the protective layer are increased, the downward drilling holes are constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working face falls down, the problem that the downward drilling holes are easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole extraction effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole extraction effect are effectively improved through the structure, and the gas safety in the working face extraction process of the protective layer is ensured.
Optimally, a sealing wall is arranged in the high-level high-suction roadway, and the sealing wall buries a drainage pipeline and a suction pipeline.
During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline buried in the sealing wall of the high-level high-extraction roadway, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
And optimally, the positions of the final holes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the third drilling hole are all constructed to fall into the working surface falling zone of the mined protective layer.
Optimally, the first drilling terminal position is:
constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 25-50m from the projection flat distance of the return air cis-slot on the working surface of the protective layer in the horizontal direction;
the number of first holes is 6-15 holes in each group of holes.
The first drilling is mainly used for increasing the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the return air gate of the goaf of the working face of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the protective layer, and extracting goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and pressure relief gas of the protected layer.
Optimally, the third drilling terminal position is:
constructing to a position 0-5m above the top plate of the protective layer in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 5-20m from the projected flat distance of the protective layer working surface adhesive tape machine crossheading in the horizontal direction;
the number of third holes in each group of holes is 3-5.
The third drilling is mainly used for increasing the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the gate of the goaf belt conveyor of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the working face of the protective layer, and extracting goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and pressure-relief gas of the protected layer.
Optimally, the second drilling end hole position:
constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer in the vertical direction; ensuring the hole bottom spacing of the holes in the protected layer to be 20-40m in the horizontal direction.
The primary purpose of the second borehole is to extract the pressure relief gas from the protected layer.
Optimally, the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the third drilling hole are all sealed by using a sleeve, the diameter of the sleeve is matched with the diameter of the drilling hole, the diameter of the sleeve is 75-110 mm, the length of the sleeve is not less than 10m, the sealing depth is not less than 8m, and the sleeve is 0.1-0.3 m higher than the hole.
Preferably, the high-order high-suction roadway is constructed at a position which is not less than 10m above the top plate of the protected layer.
The high-level high drainage roadway is constructed at a position which is not less than 10m above the top plate of the protected layer, so that the outburst prevention safety of the high-level high drainage roadway construction can be ensured, and the influence of the outburst coal seam on the high-level high drainage roadway construction is reduced.
Optimally, the working surface rail of the protection layer staggered inwards in the horizontal direction of the high-order high-level pumping lane is 40-60 m.
The arrangement of the high-level pumping roadway can relieve the shearing damage of the downward drilling hole in the high-level pumping roadway.
The invention also discloses a process for constructing the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling gas drainage structure of the lower protective layer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, construction roadway
Cutting holes on a working surface of a construction protection layer, a return air gate, a tape machine gate and a high-position high-suction roadway;
s2, drilling
Constructing downwards drilling holes from a high-level pumping roadway, constructing a 1 st group of drilling holes from a position of the high-level pumping roadway corresponding to a position of a working surface cut hole of a protective layer along the working surface pushing direction of 5-10m, and constructing 1 st group of drilling holes from the high-level pumping roadway at intervals of 20-40m along the working surface pushing direction;
each set of boreholes is classified into 3 categories, including:
the first drilling hole can extract gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the return air cis-slot of the goaf on the working surface of the protective layer;
the second drilling hole can be used for extracting pressure relief gas of the protected layer;
the third drilling hole can be used for extracting gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the gate of the goaf belt conveyor on the working face of the protective layer;
the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the third drilling hole are all constructed in the falling zone of the working surface of the mined protective layer, so that the hole bottom spacing of the drilling holes in the protected layer is not more than 40m;
s3, hole sealing
The drilling hole openings are sealed by sleeves, the diameters of the sleeves are matched with the diameters of the drilling holes, the diameters of the sleeves are 75-110 mm, the lengths of the sleeves are not less than 10m, the sealing depth is not less than 8m, and the sleeves are 0.1-0.3 m higher than the hole openings;
s4, construction sealing wall
The high-level high-extraction roadway is closed by constructing a closed wall from the outer opening of the high-level high-extraction roadway, all drilling holes in the roadway are opened before the closed wall is constructed, a drainage pipeline is not required to be connected, and the drainage pipeline and a drainage pipeline are buried in the closed wall;
s5, gas extraction and drainage
Connecting an extraction pipeline outside the closed wall with an extraction device to perform gas extraction;
and connecting the drainage pipeline outside the closed wall with a drainage device to drain water.
When the technology for constructing the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole to drain the lower protection layer gas structure is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the protection layer working surface are increased, the downward drilling hole is constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working surface falls down, the problem that the downward drilling hole is easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole drainage effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole drainage effect are effectively improved through the technology, the gas safety in the working surface mining process of the protection layer is guaranteed, and the safety and social benefits are good. During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline buried in the sealing wall of the high-level high-extraction roadway, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. when the gas structure of the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole for extracting the lower protective layer is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the working face of the protective layer are increased, the downward drilling holes are constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working face falls down, the problem that the downward drilling holes are easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole extraction effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole extraction effect are effectively improved through the structure, and the gas safety in the working face extraction process of the protective layer is ensured.
2. During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline buried in the sealing wall of the high-level high-extraction roadway, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
3. The first drilling is mainly used for increasing the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the return air gate of the goaf of the working face of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the protective layer, and extracting goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and pressure relief gas of the protected layer.
4. The primary purpose of the second borehole is to extract the pressure relief gas from the protected layer.
5. The third drilling is mainly used for increasing the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the gate of the goaf belt conveyor of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the working face of the protective layer, and extracting goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and pressure-relief gas of the protected layer.
6. The high-level high drainage roadway is constructed at a position which is not less than 10m above the top plate of the protected layer, so that the outburst prevention safety of the high-level high drainage roadway construction can be ensured, and the influence of the outburst coal seam on the high-level high drainage roadway construction is reduced.
7. The arrangement of the high-level pumping roadway can relieve the shearing damage of the downward drilling hole in the high-level pumping roadway.
8. When the technology for constructing the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole to drain the lower protection layer gas structure is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the protection layer working surface are increased, the downward drilling hole is constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working surface falls down, the problem that the downward drilling hole is easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole drainage effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole drainage effect are effectively improved through the technology, the gas safety in the working surface mining process of the protection layer is guaranteed, and the safety and social benefits are good. During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline buried in the sealing wall of the high-level high-extraction roadway, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drilling method for roof (floor) rock roadway construction in the prior art for extracting gas;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a "tri-band" profile of roof formation damage after face mining in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mining-induced fracture distribution "O" ring in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a middle-high level high drainage roadway and a downward drilling drainage lower protective layer gas structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a structure for extracting gas from a lower protective layer in a middle-high drainage roadway and a downward drilling hole according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein,
a protective layer-1; a protected layer-2; cutting the working surface of the protective layer into a hole-3; return air cis-slot-4; the adhesive tape machine is a gate 5; high-order pumping lane-6; a first borehole-7; a second borehole-8; a third borehole-9; a sealing wall-10; extraction pipeline-11.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the structure for extracting gas from a lower protective layer in a high-level high-drainage roadway and a downward drilling hole comprises a protective layer 1, a protected layer 2, a protective layer working surface cutting hole 3, a return air gate 4, a tape machine gate 5, a high-level high-drainage roadway 6, a first drilling hole 7, a second drilling hole 8, a third drilling hole 9, a sealing wall 10 and an extraction pipeline 11.
The seam or seam that was mined first to eliminate or attenuate the risk of outburst or rock burst of the adjacent seam is referred to as a protective layer; the risk of outburst or rock burst of adjacent coal seams is eliminated or reduced by the relief of the recovery pressure of the protective layer, known as the protected layer. According to the positions of the protective layer and the protected layer, the protective layer can be divided into an upper protective layer and a lower protective layer; the working face of the lower protective layer is mined, and the working face of the lower protective layer can be classified into a short-distance protective layer, a long-distance protective layer and an ultra-long-distance protective layer according to the factors such as the angle of a protective layer coal seam, mining height, distance between the working face and the protected layer and the like. After the working face of the close-range protective layer is mined, the protected layer is positioned in a roof falling zone or a crack zone of the working face of the protective layer, the stress of the protected layer is reduced, the air permeability is increased, the gas pressure is reduced, and the gas of the protected layer easily flows into the working face of the protective layer.
In this embodiment, the protected layer 2 is located above the protective layer 1; the protective layer 1 is provided with an air return gate 4, a tape machine gate 5 and a protective layer working surface cutting hole 3, and a high-position high-suction roadway 6 is arranged above the protected layer 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the passivation layer and the protected layer is 35m, and 2 layers are formed between the passivation layer and the protected layerThe thin coal layers with the degrees of 0.5-1.3m and 2 layers of thin coal layers are all outstanding coal layers, so that the condition of constructing a high drainage roadway is not provided between the protective layer and the protected layer. In order to ensure the outburst prevention safety of the high drainage roadway construction and reduce the influence of the outburst coal seam on the high drainage roadway construction, the high drainage roadway is constructed at a position which is not less than 10m above the top plate of the protected layer, in the embodiment, the high drainage roadway is constructed at a position which is 15m above the top plate of the protected layer, namely, the high drainage roadway is positioned at a position which is 50m above the top plate of the working surface of the protected layer. After the mining of the working surface of the site protection layer is implemented, the height of the falling zone is 8-20m above the top plate, the height of the fracture zone is 40-60m above the top plate, the high-level high-suction roadway 6 is positioned in the vertical direction in a bending sinking zone or a transition zone between the fracture zone and the bending sinking zone after the mining of the working surface of the protection layer, and the vertical fracture of the high-level high-suction roadway 6 is not very sufficient. In order to relieve shearing damage to downward drilling holes in a high-level roadway, the rails of the working surface of the protection layer staggered in the horizontal direction of the high-level roadway 6 are arranged along 40-60m, preferably 50m, and are less influenced by working mining of the protection layer; section of roadway 12m 2 The section meets the drilling construction requirement, the roadway is constructed in a mountain, and the roadway is easy to drain.
A plurality of groups of drilling holes are arranged in the high-level roadway 6, the 1 st group of drilling holes are positioned at the position of 5-10m along the advancing direction of the working face from the working face cutting hole 3 of the protective layer, each group of drilling holes are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the working face, the distance between every two adjacent groups of drilling holes is 20-40m, and each group of drilling holes is 3 types, and the high-level roadway comprises:
the first drilling hole 7 can extract gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the goaf return air cis-slot 4 of the working face of the protective layer 1
A second borehole 8 capable of extracting pressure relief gas from the protected layer 2;
and the third drilling hole 9 can be used for extracting gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the goaf belt conveyor cis-slot 5 of the working face of the protective layer 1.
The first drilling hole 7, the second drilling hole 8 and the third drilling hole 9 are all constructed in the falling zone of the working face of the mined protective layer 1, and the apertures of the first drilling hole 7, the second drilling hole 8 and the third drilling hole 9 are 100-133 mm.
The number of first bores 7 in each set of bores is 6-15. Specifically, in combination with fig. 4 and 5, in each set of holes in this embodiment, 10 first holes 7 are constructed, and the aperture is 133mm; first borehole 7 final hole position: and constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer 1 in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 25-50m from the projection flat distance of the return air cis-slot 4 of the working surface of the protective layer 1 in the horizontal direction.
In each group of drilling holes, 2 second drilling holes 8 are constructed, and the aperture is 133mm; second bore 8 termination site: constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer 1 in the vertical direction, and ensuring that the hole bottom spacing of the drilled holes in the protected layer (2) is not more than 40m; in each set of holes in this embodiment, 2 second holes 8 are constructed, wherein one of the second holes 8 is horizontally spaced from the first hole by 20-40m and the other second hole 8 is horizontally spaced from the third hole by 20-40m.
In each group of drilling holes, the number of the third drilling holes 9 is 3-5, and 4 third drilling holes 9 are constructed in the embodiment, and the aperture is 133mm; third borehole 9 termination site: and constructing to a position 0-5m above the top plate of the protective layer 1 in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 5-20m from the projection flat distance of the working surface adhesive tape machine crossheading 5 of the protective layer 1 in the horizontal direction.
The orifices of the first drilling hole 7, the second drilling hole 8 and the third drilling hole 9 are sealed by sleeves, the diameters of the sleeves are matched with the diameters of the drilling holes, the diameters of the sleeves are 75-110 mm, the lengths of the sleeves are not less than 10m, the sealing depth is not less than 8m, and the sleeves are 0.1-0.3 m higher than the orifices. In the embodiment, the diameter of the sleeve is 90mm, the length of the sleeve is 12m, the hole sealing depth is 10m, and the sleeve is 0.2m higher than the hole opening.
As shown in fig. 5, a sealing wall 10 is arranged in the high-level high-suction roadway 6, the sealing wall 10 buries a drainage pipeline and a suction pipeline 11, the pipe diameter of the drainage pipeline is 100mm, and the drainage pipeline is buries to a position of 2m in the sealing wall; and the pipe diameter of the extraction pipeline 11 is 426mm, and the extraction pipeline is buried and pressed to a 50m position in the sealing wall. The closed wall 10 is built by stone, 2 walls are constructed, the distance between the two walls is 2m, and concrete and cement paste are filled between the two walls. When the gas extraction device is applied, the extraction pipeline 11 outside the closed wall is connected with an extraction device to extract gas; and connecting the drainage pipeline outside the closed wall with a drainage device to drain water. The extraction device and the drainage device are all in the prior art.
Working principle:
the high drainage roadway of the working face of the protective layer is used for draining the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer in the mining process of the working face of the protective layer. Under the conventional condition, the arrangement position of the high drainage roadway is positioned in the working face goaf crack zone in the vertical direction and in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the return air cis-slot in the horizontal direction, and the coal rock mass in the area is fully depressurized, cracks develop, the gas concentration is high, and the gas drainage effect is good.
The working face of the short-distance lower protective layer is mined, and a high-level roadway arranged at the position of a top plate of the protected layer can only be arranged in a bending sinking zone or a transition area between the bending sinking zone and a fracture zone in the vertical direction, and cannot be stably arranged in the fracture zone of a goaf of the working face of the protective layer; the gas effect of the working face of the protective layer is not good by directly adopting the high-level high-drainage roadway, downward drilling is constructed in the high-level high-drainage roadway, and the drainage effect of the high-level high-drainage roadway is improved by increasing the cracks of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the working face of the protective layer. In order to relieve the shearing damage to downward drilling holes in a high-level pumping roadway, the rail of the working face of the inward staggered protection layer in the horizontal direction of the high-level pumping roadway is arranged along the direction of 50m, and the edge of an O-shaped ring of a mining crack near a return air direction gate of the working face is provided; the downward drilling is constructed in the falling zone of the working face goaf in the vertical direction, and after the working face is stoped to the drilling position, the drilling is communicated with the working face goaf of the protective layer, so that the problem that the downward drilling is easily blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling extraction effect is solved. According to the gas extraction rule of the high-level high-extraction roadway and the pressure relief gas emission rule of the protected layer, 10 holes are respectively constructed in each group in the horizontal direction from the downward drilling holes to the inside of the crack development zone on the return air cis-slot side of the goaf (the position 25-50m away from the projection flat distance of the return air cis-slot), 4 holes are respectively constructed from the downward drilling holes to the inside of the crack development zone on the cis-slot side of the goaf (the position 5-20m away from the projection flat distance of the cis-slot of the tape machine), and 2 holes are supplemented into the protected layer.
And after the construction is completed before the working face of the protective layer is mined, the outer opening of the high-level high-drainage roadway is permanently sealed before the working face of the protective layer is mined, a drainage pipeline is buried in the high-drainage roadway by a sealing wall, and the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through the drainage negative pressure of the drainage pipeline.
When the gas structure of the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole for extracting the lower protective layer is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the working face of the protective layer are increased, the downward drilling holes are constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working face falls down, the problem that the downward drilling holes are easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole extraction effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole extraction effect are effectively improved through the structure, and the gas safety in the working face extraction process of the protective layer is ensured.
During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline 11 buried in a sealing wall 10 of the high-level high extraction roadway 6, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway 6 is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can possibly exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
The primary purpose of the first drilling 7 is to increase the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the return air gate of the goaf of the working face of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the protective layer, and to drain the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and the pressure-relief gas of the protected layer.
The main purpose of the second borehole 8 is to extract the pressure relief gas of the protected layer.
The third drilling hole 9 is mainly used for increasing the cracks in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the gate of the goaf belt conveyor of the high-level high-drainage roadway penetrating through the working face of the protective layer, and extracting goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer and pressure-relief gas of the protected layer.
The high-level high drainage roadway 6 is constructed at a position 15m above the top plate of the protected layer 2, so that the construction outburst prevention safety of the high-level high drainage roadway 6 can be ensured, and the construction influence of an outburst coal seam on the high-level high drainage roadway 6 is reduced.
The arrangement of the high-position high-suction roadway 6 can relieve the shearing damage of the downward drilling hole in the high-position high-suction roadway 6.
Embodiment two:
the invention also discloses a process for constructing the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling gas drainage structure of the lower protective layer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, construction roadway
A working face cutting hole 3, an air return gate 4, a tape machine gate 5 and a high-position high-suction roadway 6 of the construction protection layer;
in order to realize the exploitation of the working face of the protective layer, the roadways such as the cutting hole 3, the return air gate 4, the tape machine gate 5, the high-level high-suction roadway 6 and the like of the working face of the protective layer are required to be designed in advance, and the roadways such as the high-level high-suction roadway 6 and the like are required to be constructed in advance. In the embodiment, the working surface of the protection layer of the implementation site is arranged by adopting inclined strips, the working surface of the protection layer is 200m long, the mining thickness of the protection layer is 4m, the distance between the protection layer and the protected layer is 35m, 2 thin coal layers with the thickness of 0.5-1.3m are arranged between the protection layer and the protected layer, and the 2 thin coal layers are all protruding coal layers.
S2, drilling
Constructing downward drilling holes from a high-level high-suction roadway 6, constructing a 1 st group of drilling holes from the position of the high-level high-suction roadway 6 corresponding to the position of a working surface cut hole 3 along the working surface pushing direction 5m, and constructing 1 st group of drilling holes from the high-level high-suction roadway 6 at intervals of 20m along the working surface pushing direction;
each set of boreholes is classified into 3 categories, including:
the first drilling hole 7 can extract gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the goaf return air cis-slot 4 of the working face of the protective layer 1;
a second borehole 8 capable of extracting pressure relief gas from the protected layer 2;
the third drilling hole 9 can extract gas in the mining crack O-shaped ring near the goaf belt conveyor cis-slot 5 of the working face of the protective layer 1;
the first drilling hole 7, the second drilling hole 8 and the third drilling hole 9 are all constructed in the falling zone of the working surface of the mined protective layer 1; ensuring that the hole bottom spacing of the holes drilled in the protected layer 2 is not more than 40m;
s3, hole sealing
The hole openings of the drill holes are all sealed by DN90 polyvinyl chloride casings, the lengths of the casings are 12m, the sealing depths are 10m, and the heights of the casings are 0.2m higher than the hole openings;
s4, construction sealing wall
Before stoping of the working face of the protective layer, constructing a sealing wall from the outer opening of the high-level high-extraction roadway 6 to seal the high-level high-extraction roadway 6, wherein before construction of the sealing wall, all drilling holes in the roadway are opened without connecting extraction pipelines, and the extraction pipelines 11 and drainage pipelines are buried in the sealing wall;
s5, gas extraction and drainage
Connecting the extraction pipeline 11 outside the closed wall with an extraction device for gas extraction;
and connecting the drainage pipeline outside the closed wall with a drainage device to drain water.
When the technology for constructing the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole to drain the lower protection layer gas structure is practically applied, the downward drilling holes at three different positions are constructed in the high-level high drainage roadway, the cracks of the high-level high drainage roadway penetrating through the goaf of the protection layer working surface are increased, the downward drilling hole is constructed in the vertical direction until the goaf of the working surface falls down, the problem that the downward drilling hole is easy to be blocked by water and coal rock powder to influence the drilling hole drainage effect is solved, the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling hole drainage effect are effectively improved through the technology, the gas safety in the working surface mining process of the protection layer is guaranteed, and the safety and social benefits are good. During the extraction of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief gas of the protected layer and the goaf gas of the working face of the protective layer are directly extracted through an extraction pipeline 11 buried in a sealing wall 10 of the high-level high extraction roadway 6, the extraction process is simple, and the extraction effect is good. When the high-level roadway 6 is used for mountain construction, accumulated water can possibly exist near the sealing wall, and water can be effectively discharged through the drainage pipeline.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a high-order high drainage lane and downward drilling take out protective layer gas structure down which characterized in that: comprises a protective layer (1) and a protected layer (2) positioned above the protective layer (1);
an air return cis-slot (4), a tape machine cis-slot (5) and a protective layer working surface cutting hole (3) are arranged in the protective layer (1), and a high-level pumping roadway (6) is arranged above the protected layer (2);
the high-level high-suction roadway (6) is positioned in a transition zone of a bending subsidence zone or a fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone after the working face of the protective layer is mined in the vertical direction;
a plurality of groups of drilling holes are arranged in the high-order high-level roadway (6), the 1 st group of drilling holes are positioned at the position of 5-10m along the advancing direction of the working face from the working face cutting hole (3) of the protective layer, each group of drilling holes are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the working face, the distance between every two adjacent groups of drilling holes is 20-40m, and each group of drilling holes is 3 types, and the high-order high-level roadway comprises:
the first drilling hole (7) can be used for extracting gas in an O-shaped ring of a mining crack near a goaf return air cis-slot (4) of a working surface of the protective layer (1);
the second drilling hole (8) can be used for extracting pressure relief gas of the protected layer (2);
the third drilling hole (9) can be used for extracting gas in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the goaf belt conveyor cis-slot (5) of the working face of the protective layer (1);
the final hole positions of the first drilling hole (7), the second drilling hole (8) and the third drilling hole (9) are all constructed in the falling zone of the working surface of the mined protective layer (1);
the first drilling (7) terminal position:
constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer (1) in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 25-50m from the projection flat distance of the return air cis-slot (4) of the working surface of the protective layer (1) in the horizontal direction;
in each group of drilling holes, the number of the first drilling holes (7) is 6-15;
the second drilling (8) terminal position:
constructing to a position 5-8m above the top plate of the protective layer (1) in the vertical direction; ensuring the hole bottom spacing of the holes drilled in the protected layer (2) to be 20-40m in the horizontal direction;
third drilling (9) final hole position:
constructing to a position 0-5m above the top plate of the protective layer (1) in the vertical direction, and constructing to a position 5-20m from the projection flat distance of the adhesive tape machine crossheading (5) of the working surface of the protective layer (1) in the horizontal direction;
the number of third holes (9) in each group of holes is 3-5.
2. The high-level high drainage roadway and downward drilling drainage lower protection layer gas structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the high-level high-suction roadway (6) is internally provided with a sealing wall (10), and the sealing wall (10) buries a drainage pipeline and a suction pipeline (11).
3. The high-level high drainage roadway and downward drilling drainage lower protection layer gas structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the orifices of the first drilling hole (7), the second drilling hole (8) and the third drilling hole (9) are sealed by sleeves, the diameters of the sleeves are matched with the diameters of the drilling holes, the diameters of the sleeves are 75-110 mm, the lengths of the sleeves are not less than 10m, the sealing depth is not less than 8m, and the sleeves are 0.1-0.3 m higher than the orifices.
4. The high-level high drainage roadway and downward drilling drainage lower protection layer gas structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the high-level high-suction roadway (6) is constructed at a position which is not less than 10m above the top plate of the protected layer (2).
5. The high-level high drainage roadway and downward drilling drainage lower protection layer gas structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the working surface rails of the protection layer are staggered in the horizontal direction of the high-level roadway (6) by 40-60 m.
6. A process for constructing the gas structure of the high-level high drainage roadway and the downward drilling drainage lower protective layer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, construction roadway
A working surface cutting hole (3) of the construction protection layer, a return air cis-slot (4), a cis-slot (5) of the adhesive tape machine and a high-position high-suction roadway (6);
s2, drilling
Constructing downwards drilled holes from a high-level high-suction roadway (6), constructing a 1 st group of drilled holes from the position of the high-level high-suction roadway (6) corresponding to the position of a working surface cut hole (3) of the protective layer along the working surface pushing direction of 5-10m, and constructing 1 st group of drilled holes from the high-level high-suction roadway (6) at intervals of 20-40m along the working surface pushing direction;
each set of boreholes is classified into 3 categories, including:
the first drilling hole (7) can be used for extracting gas in an O-shaped ring of a mining crack near a goaf return air cis-slot (4) of a working surface of the protective layer (1);
the second drilling hole (8) can be used for extracting pressure relief gas of the protected layer (2);
the third drilling hole (9) can be used for extracting gas in the O-shaped ring of the mining crack near the goaf belt conveyor cis-slot (5) of the working face of the protective layer (1);
the first drilling hole (7), the second drilling hole (8) and the third drilling hole (9) are all constructed in the falling zone of the working surface of the mined protection layer (1), so that the hole bottom spacing of the drilling holes in the protected layer (2) is not more than 40m;
s3, hole sealing
The drilling hole openings are sealed by sleeves, the diameters of the sleeves are matched with the diameters of the drilling holes, the diameters of the sleeves are 75-110 mm, the lengths of the sleeves are not less than 10m, the sealing depth is not less than 8m, and the sleeves are 0.1-0.3 m higher than the hole openings;
s4, construction sealing wall
Constructing a sealing wall from the outer opening of the high-level high-extraction roadway (6) to seal the high-level high-extraction roadway (6), wherein all drilling holes in the roadway are opened before the sealing wall is constructed, and a drainage pipeline is not required to be connected, and the drainage pipeline (11) and a drainage pipeline are buried in the sealing wall;
s5, gas extraction and drainage
Connecting an extraction pipeline (11) outside the closed wall with an extraction device for gas extraction;
and connecting the drainage pipeline outside the closed wall with a drainage device to drain water.
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