CN113583687B - Method for improving environment of top area of coke oven - Google Patents

Method for improving environment of top area of coke oven Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113583687B
CN113583687B CN202010366050.7A CN202010366050A CN113583687B CN 113583687 B CN113583687 B CN 113583687B CN 202010366050 A CN202010366050 A CN 202010366050A CN 113583687 B CN113583687 B CN 113583687B
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coke oven
air
hot air
coke
pipeline
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CN113583687A (en
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刘杰
周海忠
姜伟忠
卫福全
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B29/00Other details of coke ovens

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Abstract

A method for improving the environment of the top area of a coke oven comprises the steps that brace ditch air channels are arranged on the top surface of the coke oven along brace ditches on two sides of a coal feeding port, and a plurality of connecting air channels are arranged between the two brace ditch air channels and connected with each other; the coke side and the coke side at the top of the coke oven are respectively provided with an air supply system and a hot air collection system. According to the invention, through designing the airflow guide of the furnace top region, the air is used for absorbing and isolating the heat loss of the furnace top region, the air in the furnace top region can be continuously updated under the condition that the furnace top region is closed, and finally, the operation environment of the furnace top region is improved.

Description

Method for improving environment of top area of coke oven
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection of coke ovens, and particularly relates to a method for improving the environment of the top area of a coke oven.
Background
Coke ovens come in a variety of forms including conventional mechanical ovens, heat recovery ovens, and semi-coke (semi-coke) ovens, with conventional mechanical ovens representing the vast majority. The coke oven smelting is a process of air-isolated high-temperature dry distillation of coking coal in a coking chamber of the coke oven, and the temperature in the coke oven is usually as high as 1200-1350 ℃. Due to the characteristics of coking production and coke oven structure, the surface temperature of the top of the coke oven is higher, generally exceeds 70 ℃, sometimes reaches more than 100 ℃, and the heat dissipation of the top of the coke oven accounts for more than 8 percent of the total heat consumption of the coke oven. The existing coke oven has high temperature at the top area of the coke oven, which brings about a plurality of negative effects, mainly comprising: firstly, the temperature of the top area of the coke oven is high, the operating environment of post personnel is poor, and the labor efficiency of alternate operation is low; secondly, the heat dissipation capacity of the top of the coke oven is large, the heat consumption for coking is high, and the coke oven is a key unit for energy conservation and consumption reduction of industrial enterprises; thirdly, when equipment such as a rising pipe and a furnace protecting iron piece in the top area of the coke oven is in a high-temperature environment for a long time, the tightness of the coke oven masonry is reduced due to high-temperature deterioration such as longitudinal bracing pieces and cross bracing pieces, and the service life of the coke oven is influenced; fourthly, the oven top area of the coke oven is affected by weather and frequent operation to damage brickworks, raw gas in a carbonization chamber is escaped, unorganized emission of the coke oven exceeds the standard, and the field operation environment is further deteriorated.
The method has the advantages that the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure are promoted according to the state, the green development of the industry is promoted, the pollution control, upgrading and transformation planning of the key industry is promoted, the special emission limit value of the atmospheric pollutants is definitely required to be comprehensively executed by sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matters and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the key area, the ultralow emission transformation of the industries such as steel and the like is promoted to be implemented, the covering and sealing of the furnace body of the coke oven in the urban built-up area of the key area are implemented, and the waste gas is collected and treated.
In conclusion, the existing coke oven top area has poor working environment and high energy waste due to inherent defects, particularly, after the requirement of covering the oven body is met, the environment of the coke oven top area is rapidly deteriorated, and the safety and environmental protection risks are increased, so that the improvement of the environment of the coke oven top area is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present and is also an important part of industrial enterprises which need to be modified in the national action plan of the blue sky guard war.
The coke oven is thermal equipment for producing coke, which is built by refractory bricks, in the production process, the coal charging of a coal charging car and the operation and cleaning of a riser system are frequently carried out in the area of the oven top, the weather is hot in summer, the temperature of the oven top is high, the labor intensity is high, and the environment is severe. In order to improve the operation environment of the top of the coke oven, the top of the coke oven is repaired, and the fire-resistant materials with relatively good heat-insulating property are tried to be adopted, so that the temperature of the top of the coke oven is reduced to a certain extent in a short time after the coke oven is implemented, but the operation environment of the top of the coke oven is not changed fundamentally, and if the coke oven area is further sealed, the safe and stable production and operation of the coke oven are difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the environment of the top area of a coke oven, which can realize the continuous update of the air in the top area under the condition that the top area is closed by designing the airflow guide of the top area and absorbing and isolating the heat loss of the top area by using the air, thereby finally realizing the improvement of the operating environment of the top area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the environment of the top area of a coke oven comprises the steps that brace ditch air channels are arranged on the top surface of the coke oven along brace ditches on two sides of a coal feeding port, and a plurality of connecting air channels are arranged between the two brace ditch air channels and connected with each other; the coke side and the coke side at the top of the coke oven are respectively provided with an air supply system and a hot air collecting system; wherein,
the air supply system comprises an air feeder, a cold air pipeline, a coke side flow orifice plate or an opening degree regulating valve; the cold air pipeline is arranged on the coke side of the top surface of the coke oven, one end of the brace ditch air channel is communicated with the cold air pipeline through a coke side connecting pipeline, and air is supplied by an air feeder to ensure that air keeps positive pressure circulation in the brace ditch air channel and the communicating air channel on the top surface of the coke oven; the coke side flow pore plate or the opening degree regulating valve is arranged in the coke side connecting pipeline, so that the air circulation of the top surface of the coke oven is balanced, the temperature of the top of the whole coke oven is reduced, and the operation environment of the top of the coke oven is improved;
the hot air collecting system comprises a hot air blower, a hot air pipeline, a machine side opening degree adjusting valve or a flow orifice plate; the hot air pipeline is arranged on the side of the top surface of the coke oven, an ascending pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the ascending pipe on the side of the top surface of the coke oven, and the hot air pipeline on the side of the coke oven is communicated with the ascending pipe and directly sucks air in the area of the top of the coke oven to accelerate the circulation of the air in the area of the top of the coke oven; the other end of the brace ditch air channel is communicated with the hot air pipeline through a machine side connecting pipeline, hot air collected from the top of the furnace is stably conveyed to a hot air machine, and the machine side opening degree regulating valve or the flow pore plate is arranged in the machine side connecting pipeline; in the operation process, the negative pressure circulation of the hot air pipeline is kept through the hot air blower, and the opening degree regulating valve or the flow orifice plate of the machine side is regulated.
And further, hot air collected by the hot air blower is returned to a coke oven heating system or enters a dust removal system.
Preferably, the far end of the cold air pipeline opposite to the inlet of the cold air pipeline and the outlet of the hot air pipeline are provided with pressure detection.
Preferably, the ascending pipe sleeve adopts an inner-outer double-layer or multi-layer air duct heat insulation structure design, the inner-layer air duct is connected with the hot air duct through a connecting pipeline, the outer-layer air duct sucks air at the top of the furnace, negative pressure operation is kept, and hot air collected from the ascending pipe is stably conveyed to the hot air blower; and a regulating valve is arranged in the connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the brace groove air duct and the communication air duct are respectively made of steel structures and hoop the refractory masonry.
Preferably, hot air collected by the hot air blower is returned to the coke oven heating system or enters the dust removal system, hot air volume detection, pressure detection, component detection and temperature detection are arranged, the alarm ranges of air volume, pressure, component and temperature are set, and an alarm is given if abnormality is found. If the conditions related to safety, environmental protection and abnormal conditions such as a large amount of CO gas or dust in the hot air are found, interlocking control is carried out, the hot air at the top of the coke oven is sent to a dust remover of the coke oven, or the system (comprising an air supply system and a hot air collection system) stops working immediately, and the coke oven recovers the original production mode.
The difference between the invention and the prior art is as follows:
the main reason that the effect of the existing measures for improving the environment of the top area of the coke oven is not obvious is that heat is emitted from the top surface of the coke oven, and meanwhile, a large amount of heat is concentrated at the ascending pipe (the environment temperature at the actually measured part is obviously higher than that at other parts), a coal feeding port, a vertical fire channel hole and other parts, so that the temperature of the top surface of the coke oven is high.
According to the invention, through designing the airflow guide of the furnace top region, the air is utilized to absorb and separate the heat loss of the furnace top region, the air in the furnace top region can be continuously updated under the condition that the furnace top region is closed, and finally, the operation environment in the furnace top region is improved.
According to the technical scheme, a corresponding optimized control and operation method is formed by optimizing a roof brace groove structure, adding a riser sleeve pipe, ventilating, returning preheated air to a coke oven heating system or entering a dust removal system, and matching detection equipment for gas temperature, pressure, component analysis and the like according to the operation characteristics of the roof of the coke oven.
The method of the invention not only improves the heat insulation effect of the furnace top area, recycles the heat, reduces the heat loss of the coke oven, improves the operation environment of the furnace top of the coke oven, but also can be used for collecting smoke dust, judging the leakage condition of the furnace body, reducing the environmental safety risk and the like under abnormal conditions, and compared with the traditional coke oven, the technical level is obviously improved.
Once the coke oven body is closed by covering, the heat dissipation of the coke oven in a closed space and the continuous accumulation of the unorganized emission of pollutants are bound to face huge risks, and the fundamental reason why the coke oven is always produced in the open air and cannot be closed is also considered.
The invention aims to form a method for monitoring and improving the operation environment of the top of the coke oven by optimally designing the top area of the coke oven, so that the environment of the top area of the coke oven is greatly improved, the heat dissipation of the coke oven can be recycled, and finally the requirements of safety, energy conservation and environmental protection of the top of the coke oven are met.
The invention collects cold air from the coke side at the top of the coke oven to the hot air pipe at the side of the coke oven through the cold air pipe, the brace groove air channel, the communicating air channel, the ascending pipe sleeve and the like, and then sends the cold air to the coke oven heating system through the hot air blower for heating the coke oven.
The air supply system ensures that air keeps micro-positive pressure circulation in each air channel of the top surface of the coke oven through the matching of the air feeder and the cold air pipe, and the air circulation of the top surface of the coke oven is balanced through the adjusting machine coke side flow pore plate and the adjustable valve, so that the temperature of the top of the whole coke oven is reduced, and the operation environment of the top of the coke oven is improved.
The brace groove air channel and the communication air channel are made of steel structures, so that air circulation is ensured, the heat insulation effect of the furnace top refractory material masonry is improved, and the good structural support is formed by tightening the refractory material masonry on the other hand.
The hot air collecting system is matched with the hot air pipe through the hot air blower, the hot air collected from the furnace top, the ascending pipe sleeve and other parts is stably conveyed to the heating system, and the negative pressure of the hot air pipe is kept through the hot air blower in the operation process; air at the positions of air channels on the top surface of the furnace, ascending pipe sleeves and the like is uniformly sucked through a side opening regulating valve and a flow orifice plate of the regulator.
The ascending pipe sleeve adopts a double-layer air duct or multi-layer air duct heat insulation structure design to ensure the heat insulation effect, the inner part keeps micro negative pressure operation under the conventional condition, a small amount of furnace top air is sucked, and measures such as adjusting a valve or opening a corresponding part can be adopted to deal with the abnormal condition.
Hot air detection and conveying: the method carries out real-time monitoring and analysis on the air quantity, temperature, pressure, components and the like of hot air, realizes the monitoring and reliable operation of forced hot air for heating the coke oven, links relevant parameters with a heating system, and sets corresponding parameter abnormal alarm or abnormal interlocking control. According to the operation requirement of a heating system, detecting CO, VOCs and the like on line, if a large amount of CO gas or dust and other related serious safety and environmental abnormal conditions exist in hot air, carrying out interlocking control, sending the hot air at the top of the furnace to a dust remover of the coke oven, or stopping the system immediately, and recovering the original production mode of the coke oven; in addition, the detection of related indexes is convenient for timely detecting and discovering the conditions of the leakage of the top area of the coke oven and the like, thereby achieving good coke oven operation and oven body maintenance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through air circulation, good purification and environment improvement effects are realized, and the problem of safety and environmental protection risks caused by coke oven closure is solved; meanwhile, the air has good heat exchange performance, and the preheated air is used as a part of the heating of the coke oven and is introduced into the coke oven for combustion, so that the heat radiation of the oven body is recycled. In addition, if the top area of the coke oven has abnormal leakage or smoke, early warning can be carried out in advance or negative pressure is pumped to a coke oven heating system for recycling, so that the pollution of the top area of the coke oven is reduced, the deterioration of the environment is avoided, and the safety risk is reduced.
The invention improves the operation environment of the top of the coke oven by reducing the temperature of the top of the coke oven; in addition, the preheated air enters a coke oven heating system, so that the heat dissipation of the oven body is recycled, and the energy is saved; meanwhile, the influence of high temperature on coke oven protection equipment such as cross braces and the like is also reduced, and the service lives of the equipment and the oven body are prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a riser sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the method for improving the environment of the coke oven top area, the surface 10 of the coke oven top is provided with brace groove air ducts 1 and 1' along brace grooves on two sides of a coal charging port 20, and a plurality of connecting air ducts 2 and 2' are arranged between the two brace groove air ducts 1 and 1' to be connected; the coke side and the machine side of the coke oven top 1 are respectively provided with an air supply system 3 and a hot air collection system 4; wherein,
the air supply system 3 comprises an air feeder 31, a cold air pipeline 32 and a coke side flow orifice plate or opening degree regulating valve 33; the cold air pipeline 32 is arranged on the coke side of the top surface of the coke oven, one end of the brace ditch air channel 1 is communicated with the cold air pipeline 32 through a coke side connecting pipeline 34, and air is supplied by an air feeder 31, so that positive pressure circulation of air in the brace ditch air channel 1 and the communicating air channel 2 on the top surface of the coke oven is ensured; the coke side flow pore plate or the opening regulating valve 33 is arranged in the coke side connecting pipeline 34, so that the air circulation of the top surface of the coke oven is balanced, the temperature of the top of the whole coke oven is reduced, and the operation environment of the top of the coke oven is improved;
the hot air collecting system 4 comprises a hot air blower 41, a hot air pipeline 42, a machine side opening degree regulating valve or a flow orifice plate 43; the hot air pipeline 42 is arranged on the side of the top surface of the coke oven, the ascending pipe 30 on the side of the top surface of the coke oven is externally sleeved with an ascending pipe sleeve 5, and the hot air pipeline 42 on the side is communicated with the ascending pipe sleeve 5 to directly suck air in the area of the top surface of the coke oven and accelerate the circulation of the air in the area of the top surface of the coke oven; the other end of the brace groove air duct 1 is communicated with the hot air duct 42 through a machine side connecting duct 44, and the hot air collected from the top of the furnace is stably conveyed to the hot air blower 41; the machine side opening degree adjusting valve or the flow orifice plate 43 is arranged in the machine side connecting pipe 44, and in the operation process, the hot air pipe 42 is kept in negative pressure circulation through the hot air blower 41, so that the machine side opening degree adjusting valve or the flow orifice plate is adjusted.
Further, the hot air collected by the hot air blower 41 is returned to the coke oven heating system 6 or enters the dust removal system 7.
Preferably, the far end of the cold air duct 32 opposite to the inlet thereof and the outlet of the hot air duct 42 are provided with pressure detection P1 and P2 hot air states; pressure detection P1 at the far end of the cold air duct 32 opposite to the inlet of the cold air duct can confirm whether the air in the cold air duct 32 is uniform or not; the pressure detection P2 can detect the hot air recovery condition of the hot air pipeline 42.
Referring to fig. 2, the ascending pipe sleeve 5 of the present invention adopts an inner and outer double-layer or multi-layer air duct heat insulation structure design, wherein an inner air duct 501 is connected to the hot air duct 42 through a connecting duct 503, an outer air duct 502 sucks in air at the top of the furnace, a negative pressure operation is maintained, and hot air collected from the ascending pipe 30 is stably delivered to the hot air blower 41; a regulating valve 504 is provided in the connecting pipe 503.
Preferably, the brace groove air duct and the communication air duct are respectively made of steel structures and hoop the refractory masonry.
Preferably, hot air collected by the hot air blower is returned to the coke oven heating system or enters the dust removal system, hot air volume detection, pressure detection, component detection and temperature detection are arranged, the alarm ranges of air volume, pressure, component and temperature are set, and an alarm is given if abnormality is found.

Claims (6)

1. A method for improving the environment of the top area of a coke oven is characterized in that brace ditch air channels are arranged on the top surface of the coke oven along brace ditches on two sides of a coal feeding port, and a plurality of connecting air channels are arranged between the two brace ditch air channels and connected with each other; the coke side and the machine side of the top of the coke oven are respectively provided with an air supply system and a hot air collection system; wherein,
the air supply system comprises an air feeder, a cold air pipeline, a coke side flow orifice plate or an opening degree regulating valve; the cold air pipeline is arranged on the coke side of the top surface of the coke oven, one end of the brace ditch air channel is communicated with the cold air pipeline through a coke side connecting pipeline, and air is supplied by an air feeder to ensure that air keeps positive pressure circulation in the brace ditch air channel and the communicating air channel on the top surface of the coke oven; the coke side flow pore plate or the opening degree regulating valve is arranged in the coke side connecting pipeline, so that the air circulation of the top surface of the coke oven is balanced, the temperature of the top of the whole coke oven is reduced, and the operating environment of the top of the coke oven is improved;
the hot air collecting system comprises a hot air blower, a hot air pipeline, a machine side opening degree regulating valve or a flow orifice plate; the hot air pipeline is arranged on the side of the top surface of the coke oven, an ascending pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the ascending pipe on the side of the top surface of the coke oven, and the hot air pipeline on the side of the coke oven is communicated with the ascending pipe and directly sucks air in the area of the top of the coke oven to accelerate the circulation of the air in the area of the top of the coke oven; the other end of the brace ditch air channel is communicated with the hot air pipeline through a machine side connecting pipeline, hot air collected from the top of the furnace is stably conveyed to a hot air machine, and the machine side opening degree regulating valve or the flow pore plate is arranged in the machine side connecting pipeline; in the operation process, the negative pressure circulation of the hot air pipeline is kept through the hot air blower, and the opening degree regulating valve or the flow orifice plate of the machine side is regulated.
2. The method of improving the environment at the roof area of a coke oven as set forth in claim 1, wherein the hot air collected by the hot air blower is returned to the coke oven heating system or to the dust removal system.
3. The method for improving the environment at the top area of a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein a pressure measurement is provided at the distal end of the cold air duct opposite to the inlet thereof and at the outlet of the hot air duct.
4. The method for improving the environment at the top area of the coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the ascending pipe sleeve is designed by adopting an inner-outer double-layer or multi-layer air duct heat insulation structure, the inner-layer air duct is connected with the hot air duct through a connecting pipe, the outer-layer air duct sucks in air at the top of the coke oven, the operation of negative pressure is kept, and the hot air collected from the ascending pipe is stably conveyed to a hot air blower; and a regulating valve is arranged in the connecting pipeline.
5. The method of improving the environment at the top area of a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the brace groove air duct and the communicating air duct are made of steel structures and hoop refractory bricks, respectively.
6. The method for improving the environment at the top area of the coke oven as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hot air collected by the hot air blower is sent back to the coke oven heating system or enters the dust removal system, and hot air volume detection, pressure detection, component detection and temperature detection are arranged, and the alarm ranges of air volume, pressure, component and temperature are set, and if abnormal conditions are found, an alarm is given.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4941824A (en) * 1988-05-13 1990-07-17 Heinz Holter Method of and apparatus for cooling and cleaning the roof and environs of a coke oven
CN202705299U (en) * 2012-06-08 2013-01-30 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 Water cooling coke oven top structure
CN104910925A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-09-16 成都中冶节能环保工程有限公司 Coke oven roof waste heat recovery power generation system based on power supply adjusting circuit
CN107955884A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-24 赤峰富邦铜业有限责任公司 A kind of new oxygen-enriched side-blowing copper smelting-furnace furnace roof cooling device
CN108048116A (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-05-18 山西潞安焦化有限责任公司 A kind of system for making batcher firm by ramming using the heat preservation of coke oven coke oven uprising tube waste heat anemophily formula
CN109513300A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-26 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 A kind of coke oven uncontrollable discharge pollutant comprehensive treatment system
CN109517606A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-26 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 A kind of ventilating system of coke oven integrally closed greenhouse

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4941824A (en) * 1988-05-13 1990-07-17 Heinz Holter Method of and apparatus for cooling and cleaning the roof and environs of a coke oven
CN202705299U (en) * 2012-06-08 2013-01-30 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 Water cooling coke oven top structure
CN104910925A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-09-16 成都中冶节能环保工程有限公司 Coke oven roof waste heat recovery power generation system based on power supply adjusting circuit
CN107955884A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-24 赤峰富邦铜业有限责任公司 A kind of new oxygen-enriched side-blowing copper smelting-furnace furnace roof cooling device
CN108048116A (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-05-18 山西潞安焦化有限责任公司 A kind of system for making batcher firm by ramming using the heat preservation of coke oven coke oven uprising tube waste heat anemophily formula
CN109513300A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-26 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 A kind of coke oven uncontrollable discharge pollutant comprehensive treatment system
CN109517606A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-26 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 A kind of ventilating system of coke oven integrally closed greenhouse

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