CN113581371B

CN113581371B - Tide level self-adaptive device based on tensioning type anchoring and anchoring system with same

Info

Publication number: CN113581371B
Application number: CN202111045056.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹飞飞; 江小强; 杜牧远; 高上松; 范玉鑫; 李欣泽; 许丞玮; 史宏达
Original assignee: Ocean University of China
Current assignee: Ocean University of China
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2022-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-07
Also published as: CN113581371A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tide level self-adaptive device based on tension type anchoring and an anchoring system with the same, comprising: a sealed spherical work chamber having a pair of openings symmetrically formed in a radial direction of the sphere; the two elastic ropes extend out of the openings on the two sides of the working cabin, one elastic rope is connected with the wave energy device near the sea surface, and the other elastic rope is connected with the gravity anchor on the sea bottom; the work cabin is provided with: the hoisting unit is respectively connected with the upper elastic rope and the lower elastic rope; a locking unit which can be engaged with the winding unit through a gear; and the control unit is used for controlling the starting and the stopping of the hoisting unit and the locking unit. Therefore, the length of the anchor rope can be dynamically adjusted according to the change of the tide level, so that the tension type anchoring system has the advantages of both the self-adaptive capacity of the tide level and the draught adjusting capacity, low energy consumption and high stability.

Description

Tide level self-adaptive device based on tensioning type anchoring and anchoring system with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wave energy, in particular to a tide level self-adaption device based on tensioning type anchoring and an anchoring system with the same.

Background

With the gradual depletion of fossil energy, the ocean is drawing attention as an important resource and strategic space for the development of human economic society, and new energy represented by marine energy is a huge energy treasury. Among them, wave energy is one of the main renewable energy sources in the ocean, and has large reserves, wide distribution and wide development prospect. How to utilize the clean, pollution-free and easily-converted energy of good wave energy has great significance for social and economic development and environmental protection.

Currently, wave energy devices can be classified into fixed and floating types according to the different forms of constraint. The floating type wave energy device is more suitable for being developed to deep and open sea with higher wave energy density due to the characteristics of small influence on hydrodynamic environment and relatively good water depth adaptability, and is an important direction for the field research of wave energy.

However, the constraint of the wave energy device anchoring system on itself, and the draft of the device associated with the constraint, are important parameters affecting its energy capture. The existing floating type wave energy device is mainly anchored by tensioning, but because the floating type wave energy device is relatively small in size and obvious in action on the tide level, the length of an anchor rope cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the change of the actual tide level, the working performance of the wave energy device is influenced when the tide level changes, for example, the draught of the wave energy device is increased when the tide level rises, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the wave energy device are changed, the energy obtaining efficiency is influenced, when the tide level falls, the anchor rope cannot be tensioned, the constraint relation between an anchoring system and the wave energy device is greatly weakened, and the reliability and the energy obtaining efficiency of the wave energy device are both reduced. Therefore, it is an important subject to design a tide level self-adaptive device aiming at the tension type anchoring of the floating type wave energy device, so as to improve the reliability of an anchoring system and enable the wave energy device to obtain energy stably and efficiently.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:

in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a tension anchor-based tide level adaptive device and an anchor system having the same, which can dynamically adjust the length of an anchor rope according to the change of the tide level, and allow a tension anchor system to have both the tide level adaptive capability and the draft adjusting capability, and have low energy consumption and high stability.

The technical means for solving the problems are as follows:

the invention provides a tide level self-adaptive device based on tension type anchoring, which comprises: a sealed spherical work chamber completely submerged in water, and having a pair of openings symmetrically formed in a radial direction of the sphere; the two elastic ropes extend out of the openings on the two sides of the working cabin, one elastic rope is connected with the wave energy device near the sea surface, and the other elastic rope is connected with the gravity anchor on the sea bottom; the work cabin is provided with: the hoisting units are respectively connected with the upper elastic rope and the lower elastic rope, and the elastic ropes can be recovered and released in a winding mode; the locking unit can be meshed with the hoisting unit through a gear, the hoisting unit is locked to rotate in the direction of releasing the elastic rope in the non-electrified state, and the locking of the hoisting unit is released in the electrified state; and the control unit is used for controlling the opening and closing of the hoisting unit and the locking unit.

According to the invention, when the tide level is not changed, the locking unit does not work, the rotation of the winding unit is locked in a single direction, the locking direction is the direction of releasing the elastic rope, and at the moment, the elastic rope can not be released and keeps tensioning. When the tide level rises, the locking unit works, the hoisting unit is unlocked, namely the hoisting unit is not limited to rotate, the elastic rope is pulled under the action of the tide level to be automatically released, and after the elastic rope is released to a specified length, the control unit enables the locking unit to stop working again to lock the hoisting unit again. When the tide level descends, the hoisting unit works, and the locking unit locks the hoisting unit to rotate towards the releasing direction but allows the hoisting unit to rotate towards the recovering direction, so that the elastic rope can be recovered and tensioned under the action of the hoisting unit. Similarly, when the wave energy device needs to submerge and leave the place near the sea surface with complex water power conditions due to an extreme sea condition, the locking unit does not need to be started, the winding unit is directly controlled by the control unit to recover the elastic rope, and the survivability of the wave energy device under the extreme sea condition can be improved through simple operation and lower energy consumption.

With the help of the above, the tide level self-adaptive device has a simple mechanical structure and high reliability, the hoisting unit and the locking unit do not need to work simultaneously in the process of adjusting the elastic rope to the target length, no extra electric energy is consumed, and after the elastic rope is adjusted to the target length, the hoisting motor and the locking motor stop working and no electric energy is consumed. In addition, the working mode of tide level adaptation is realized by adjusting the length of the elastic rope, so that the draft of the wave energy device C can be completely changed by adjusting the length of the anchor rope, the optimal draft is achieved to obtain the maximum efficiency, the tension type anchoring system has the tide level adaptation capability and the draft adjusting capability, the working performance and the reliability of the tension type anchoring system are improved, and the working performance and the energy obtaining stability of the wave energy device C are improved.

The invention may also further comprise a connecting unit for connecting the elastic rope with the working cabin, the wave energy device and the gravity anchor; the connection unit includes: two connecting caps respectively connected with the gravity anchor and the wave energy device; and the two connecting cores are respectively connected with one ends of the two elastic ropes.

According to the invention, one end of one elastic rope which is relatively close to the upper part of the two elastic ropes is connected with the upper part of the working cabin, the other end of the elastic rope is connected with the connecting unit and further fixed on the wave energy device, one end of one elastic rope which is relatively close to the lower part of the working cabin is connected with the lower part of the working cabin, and the other end of the elastic rope is connected with the connecting unit and further fixed on the gravity anchor, so that the tide level self-adaptive device can be respectively connected with the wave energy device on the sea surface and the gravity anchor on the sea bottom through the two connecting cores and the connecting cap, and a simple and stable connecting structure is realized.

In the present invention, the inner diameter of the connecting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting core, and two pairs of mutually angled holes for inserting two bolts are respectively formed at corresponding positions of the connecting cap and the connecting core in a nested state.

According to the invention, the connecting cap can be pre-installed on the wave energy device and the gravity anchor, the connecting core connected with the elastic rope is inserted into the connecting cap, and the connecting core and the connecting cap are relatively fixed and inseparable through two bolts forming an angle with each other, so that the tide level self-adaptive device is connected with the gravity anchor and the wave energy device, thereby not only having small installation and disassembly difficulty, but also being more convenient for replacement and maintenance of the tide level self-adaptive device.

In the present invention, the hoisting unit may include: a pair of hoisting shafts respectively located near the openings on both sides of the working chamber and respectively wound with the elastic ropes; a pair of parallel output rods connected with the pair of hoisting shafts respectively; the two ends of the driven rod are respectively connected with the output rod in a rotating way; the transmission rod is connected with the driven rod in a rotating mode in parallel with the output rod; and the hoisting motor is connected with the transmission rod.

According to the invention, when the hoisting motor is started, the transmission rod, the driven rod and the two output rods are sequentially driven to rotate the hoisting shaft, so that the elastic rope is wound and unwound, and the hoisting shaft is driven by the rod piece, so that the mechanism can bear larger external force on the whole, and the rod transmission design has higher reliability compared with the gear transmission design and can resist more complex sea conditions.

In the present invention, the lock unit may include: a locking motor and a driving wheel coaxially fixed with the locking motor; a driven wheel meshed with the driving wheel; a pawl and a barrel for pre-torque fixed coaxially with the driven wheel; and a ratchet wheel engaged with the pawl; the ratchet wheel is connected with the hoisting unit.

According to the invention, when the locking motor does not work, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel under the action of the restoring force of the spring barrel, so that the hoisting unit is locked in a single direction, the elastic rope cannot be released, and the elastic rope can only be recovered and tensioned under the action of the hoisting motor. When the locking motor works, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven to rotate, the restoring force of the spring barrel is overcome, the pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel, the hoisting unit is unlocked, the elastic rope can be released, when the elastic rope is released to a specified length under the influence of tide level, the locking motor stops working, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel again, and the hoisting unit is locked again. Generally, the locking unit works when the elastic rope needs to be released, and the hoisting motor works when the elastic rope needs to be tightened, so that high energy conservation of the tide level self-adaptive device can be realized.

In the present invention, the ratchet may be fixed coaxially with the winding shaft of the winding unit.

According to the invention, the rod piece of the hoisting unit is matched with the ratchet wheel of the locking unit, so that the stress of the transmission mechanism is more reasonable, compared with the traditional design only depending on gear transmission, the invention skillfully utilizes the rod piece combination with higher reliability and the ratchet wheel to match and bear external force, so that the transmission gear is prevented from bearing damage caused by overlarge external force, the reliability of the device is improved, the gear abrasion is also avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

In the invention, the outer casing of the barrel is fixed to the working chamber, and the inner rotating shaft is coaxially fixed to the pawl and the driven wheel.

An anchoring system suitable for a floating wave energy device, comprising: a wave energy device suspended on the sea surface; a seabed mounted gravity anchor; and the tide level self-adaption device is connected with the gravity anchor and the wave energy device respectively.

In the present invention, the wave energy device may further include a submerged body connected to the gravity anchor, and the tide level adaptive device may be connected to the wave energy device and the submerged body.

The invention has the following effects:

the tide level self-adaption device of the tensioning type anchoring system and the anchoring system with the tide level self-adaption device are high in reliability, stable in working performance and easy to replace and maintain, internal mechanism stress is optimized through the cooperation of rod transmission and gear locking, energy consumption is saved, the mechanism can bear larger anchor rope tension and the survivability of the anchoring system and a wave energy device under extreme sea conditions through a simple means, and especially the tide level self-adaption capability and the draft adjustment capability can be considered.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view showing a wave energy device and an anchoring system to which the present invention is applied;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tide level adaptive device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of a connection unit;

FIG. 4 is a structural sectional view showing the working compartment shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure of the hoist unit viewed from another perspective;

fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a structure of the locking unit viewed from another angle;

fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the construction of the winding unit and the locking unit shown in fig. 4;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a principle of locking the locking unit with the winding unit;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view showing a wave energy device and an anchoring system according to another aspect of the present invention;

description of the symbols:

a C-wave energy device, an S-tide level self-adapting device, a Q-submerged floating body, a G-gravity anchor,

101-connection unit, 102-elastic cord, 103-opening, 104-mounting bracket

101A-connecting cap, 101B-connecting core,

201-working compartment, JY-hoisting unit, SZ-locking unit, 202-control unit,

203-hoisting motor, 204-first hoisting shaft, 205-second hoisting shaft,

301-drive rod, 302-driven rod, 303-first output rod, 304-second output rod,

401-lock motor, 402-barrel, 403-pawl, 404-ratchet, 405-driving wheel, 406-driven wheel.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the invention. The same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same components in the respective drawings, and redundant description is omitted. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Also, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and to provide those skilled in the art with the understanding that the meaning of such terms in the context of the invention is to be understood in a particular manner.

Disclosed herein are a tension-based anchor adaptive tide level device S and an anchor system having the same, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a wave energy device C and an anchor system to which the adaptive tide level device S of the present invention is applied. In general, the tension type anchoring system for floating wave energy devices is composed of two parts, an "anchor" and a "rope", the self-adaptive tide level device S of the invention is equivalent to the part of the "rope", and the gravity anchor G is equivalent to the part of the "anchor". As shown in fig. 1, the anchoring system is provided with a tide level adaptive device S and a gravity anchor G. The gravity anchor G is fixedly installed on the seabed and is connected with the wave energy device C through the tide level self-adaptive device S. Fig. 1 is a side view, which only schematically shows the stable fixing of a wave energy device C by two gravity anchors G, but in practice the number of anchor points, except for the single point anchor, is generally not less than 3, as the case may be.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tide level adaptive device S of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the tide level adaptive device S includes: a working chamber 201 completely submerged in water, two

elastic cords

102, 102 extending up and down from the working chamber 201, and two

connection units

101, 101 connected to the two elastic cords. Specifically, the working chamber 201 is formed in a sealed structure and is formed in a spherical shape, and the pair of

openings

103, 103 are symmetrically formed in the spherical radial direction, that is, a line connecting the structural centers of the pair of

openings

103, 103 passes through the spherical center of the working chamber 201. The two

elastic ropes

102 and 102 respectively extend from the openings 103 on both sides of the working cabin 201, one elastic rope 102 is connected with the wave energy device C near the sea surface through the connecting unit 101, the other elastic rope 102 is connected with the gravity anchor G on the sea bottom through the connecting unit 101, and the two

openings

103 and 103 of the working cabin 201 are naturally pulled to be relatively upward and downward under the action of buoyancy and gravity. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, two

elastic cords

102 and 102 extend from two upper and

lower openings

103 and 103, and two extending ends (i.e., free ends) are connected to two connecting

units

101 and 101, respectively, and the two connecting

units

101 and 101 have the same structure, and only the connecting unit 101 on the upper end side is described below as an example. In the present embodiment, the nacelle 201 is formed in a spherical shape, but may be formed in other structures such as an ellipsoidal shape as required.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of the connection unit 101. As shown in fig. 3, the connection unit 101 includes a cylindrical connection cap 101A and a cylindrical connection core 101B. The inner diameter of the coupling cap 101A is larger than the outer diameter of the coupling core 101B, and the coupling core 101B is coaxially fitted into the coupling cap 101A in the mounted state. The connecting core 101B is connected to the elastic cord 102 in a non-limiting manner, such as by welding or bonding. The wave energy device C and the gravity anchor G may be provided with a connection cap 101A in advance, that is, the upper connection cap 101A is rigidly connected to the wave energy device C, and the lower connection cap 101A is rigidly connected to the gravity anchor G, but the rigid connection method is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, welding or bolting, and the object to which the connection cap 101A is rigidly connected is not limited to the wave energy device C or the gravity anchor G, and may be, for example, a below-described submerged body Q or another anchoring system component, which is determined according to the specific needs of the anchoring system, and is not particularly limited thereto.

The connecting cap 101A and the connecting core 101B are correspondingly provided with two groups of four openings, the through direction of each group of openings coincides with the diameter direction of the connecting unit 101, and the through directions of the two groups of openings are perpendicular to each other. The connecting cap 101A and the connecting core 101B can be respectively inserted with bolts in each group of open holes in a nested state, and the two bolts are in a mutually perpendicular state observed along the axial direction of the connecting unit 101, so that the relative locking of the connecting cap 101A and the connecting core 101B is realized, the disassembly and the assembly of the tide level self-adaptive device S, the gravity anchor G and the wave energy device C can be easily realized, the maintenance and the replacement are convenient, the replacement can be directly carried out at sea, the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved, and the influence of the maintenance of an anchoring system on the power generation time of the wave energy device C is reduced. In the present embodiment, two sets of holes having mutually perpendicular penetrating directions are used, but the penetrating directions are not necessarily perpendicular, and a cross-fastening form by bolts is not necessarily used, and other fastening means commonly used in the art, such as snap-lock, may be used.

According to the invention, one end of the upper elastic rope 102 of the two elastic ropes extends out of the upper part of the working cabin 201, the other end of the upper elastic rope is fixedly connected with the connecting cap 101A arranged on the wave energy device C through the connecting core 101B, one end of the lower elastic rope 102 of the two elastic ropes extends out of the lower part of the working cabin 201, and the other end of the lower elastic rope 102 of the two elastic ropes is fixedly connected with the connecting cap 101A arranged on the gravity anchor G through the connecting core 101B, so that the tide level self-adaptive device S can be respectively connected with the wave energy device C on the sea surface and the gravity anchor G on the sea bottom through the two connecting units 101 and the two

elastic ropes

102 and 102, and a simple and stable connecting structure is realized.

Fig. 4 is a structural sectional view showing the work module 201 shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 4, the working compartment 201 is provided with a winding unit JY, a lock unit SZ, and a control unit 202. Specifically, inside the work compartment 201, two mounting

brackets

104, 104 are symmetrically provided near the two openings 103, respectively. In the present embodiment, a plane perpendicular to a line connecting the centers of the pair of openings 103 and in which the center of the sphere of the work chamber 201 is located is defined as a reference plane. Therefore, since the two mounting

brackets

104 and 104 are symmetrical with respect to the reference plane structure, only one of them will be described, and the mounting bracket 104 is formed in a frame shape that is open to one side, and the size of the open side matches the opening 103. The hoisting unit JY is mounted between the two mounting brackets 104, i.e. is jointly fixed by the two mounting brackets 104, and the locking unit SZ is mounted between the two mounting

brackets

104, 104 in a manner not to interfere with the mounting position of the hoisting unit JY. The control unit 202 is located in the working cabin 201 and is electrically connected with the winding unit JY and the locking unit SZ, and the installation position is not limited.

Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the hoist unit JY viewed from another angle. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the hoisting unit JY is mounted between the upper and lower mounting

brackets

104 and 104, and includes: the winch comprises a first winch shaft 204, a second winch shaft 205, a first output rod 303 connected with the first winch shaft 204, a second output rod 304 connected with the second winch shaft 205, a driven rod 302 with two ends respectively connected with the first output rod 303 and the second output rod 304, a transmission rod 301 connected with the driven rod 302 and a winch motor 203 connected with the transmission rod 301. Specifically, the first hoisting shaft 204 and the second hoisting shaft 205 are respectively rotatably connected to the mounting

brackets

104 and 104 above and below the working chamber 201 through dynamic seals, and two ends of the first hoisting shaft and the second hoisting shaft extend into the working chamber 201.

More specifically, the first winding shaft 204 and the second winding shaft 205 are the same in size and parallel to each other, and are structurally symmetrical with respect to the reference plane, so that only one will be described. The first winding shaft 204 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 104 near the opening 103 of the working compartment 201, and both ends of the first winding shaft 204 protrude from the frame edges of the mounting bracket 104, respectively. One end of the elastic rope 102 is fixed to a portion of the first winch shaft 204 enclosed by the frame of the mounting bracket 104, and the elastic rope 102 is wound or released when rotating, and both ends of the first winch shaft 204 protruding from the frame of the mounting bracket 104 are connected to the first output rod 303 and a ratchet 404, which will be described later, respectively.

One end of the first output rod 303 is fixedly connected with one end of the first winding shaft 204, and the other end is rotatably connected with one end of the driven rod 302. One end of the second output rod 304 is fixedly connected with one end of the second winding shaft 205, and the other end is rotatably connected with the other end of the driven rod 302. One end of the transmission rod 301 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal center of the driven rod 302, and the other end is fixedly connected to a shaft (not shown) of the winding motor 203. More specifically, the first output lever 303, the second output lever 304, and the transmission lever 301 are rotatably connected to the driven lever 302, respectively, and are equal in length and parallel to each other and located in the same plane, which is always perpendicular to the plane formed by the first winding shaft 204 and the second winding shaft 205. Based on the positional relationship of the rods, the first winding shaft 204, the second winding shaft 205, the first output rod 303, the second output rod 304, and the transmission rod 301 rotate at the same angular velocity. Also, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the length refers to the distance between the centers of rotation of the two ends of the rod.

As can be seen from the above, when the hoisting motor 203 starts to work, the transmission rod 301 rotates along with the transmission rod to drive the driven rod 302 to move, and the driven rod 302 further drives the first output rod 303 and the second output rod 304 to rotate, so that the first hoisting shaft 204 and the second hoisting shaft 205 rotate, and further the two

elastic ropes

102 and 102 are tightened and released.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of the locking unit SZ viewed from another angle of view. As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the lock unit SZ is mounted between the two upper and lower mounting

brackets

104 and 104, and includes: a lock motor 401; a transmission wheel 405 coaxially fixed with a power shaft of the lock motor 401; two driven

pulleys

406, 406 respectively engaged with the driving wheel 405; two

pawls

403, 403 coaxially fixed with the two driven

wheels

406, 406; two

ratchet wheels

404, 404 that engage with the two pawls 403, respectively; and two

barrels

402, 402 coaxially fixed with two

pawls

403, 403 and two driven wheels 406, respectively. The lock unit SZ is formed to have a central symmetry with respect to the reference plane, and functions of both the upper and lower sides are completely the same, so that only one side (the lower side in the present embodiment) will be described.

Specifically, the ratchet 404 is fixedly connected coaxially with the end of the second winding shaft 205 that is not fixedly connected with the second output rod 304, and the shaft of the barrel 402 and the shafts of the pawl 403 and the driven pulley 406 are formed coaxially and non-rotatably with respect to each other, and pre-torque at the time of mounting, that is, the barrel 402 always has a restoring force. Thus, when the lock motor 401 is not operated, the pawl 403 is engaged with the ratchet 404 by the restoring force, and at this time, the second winding shaft 205 is in a state where the rotation in a certain direction is locked by the restriction of the ratchet 404. When the locking motor 401 is started, the transmission wheel 405 rotates along with the locking motor, the driven wheel 406 and the pawl 403 are driven to rotate for a certain angle against the restoring force of the barrel 402, the pawl 403 is separated from the ratchet wheel 404, and at the moment, the second winding shaft 205 is unlocked and can rotate towards any direction under the action of the winding motor 203. Further, because of the pre-torque, it is preferable that the housing of the barrel 402 is directly fixed to the inner wall of the working compartment 201 or fixed to another bracket and indirectly fixed to the inner wall of the working compartment 201, so that the lock unit SZ and the winding unit JY are not disturbed by the restoring force and are stabilized as a whole.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating the structure of the hoisting unit JY and the lock unit SZ shown in fig. 4, and fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the locking principle of the lock unit SZ and the hoisting unit JY. As shown in fig. 7, the hoisting unit JY is formed in a rod transmission structure, the lock unit SZ is formed in a gear transmission structure, and both are built in the sealed working chamber 201, and the two are mainly supported by the upper and lower mounting brackets 104, and are formed in a structure capable of transmitting mechanical energy by coaxially fixing the first hoisting shaft 204, the second hoisting shaft 205, and the

ratchet wheels

404, 404. That is, the first winding shaft 204, the second winding shaft 205, and the

ratchets

404, 404 rotate in synchronization.

As shown in fig. 8, for simplicity of explanation, only the lower half of the locking unit SZ is taken as an example, and the rotation direction of the upper half is symmetrical (opposite) to it. The rotation direction mentioned in the following description is merely used to explain the locking principle of the present embodiment and should not be construed as limiting. For example, when the relative position relationship between the winding unit JY and the locking unit SZ is changed, the rotation relationship should be changed, which is not necessary for the skilled person to create any innovation.

Specifically, in the state where the lock motor 401 is not operated, the barrel 402 generates a restoring force of counterclockwise rotation about the shaft due to the pre-torque, the coaxially fixed pawl 403 presses the ratchet 404 and is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet 404 by the restoring force, thereby preventing clockwise rotation thereof, and the pawl 403 slides over the back of the tooth thereof without restriction when the ratchet 404 rotates counterclockwise. Since the ratchet 404 and the second winding shaft 205 are coaxially fixed, the second winding shaft 205 can drive the ratchet 404 to rotate counterclockwise under the driving of the winding motor 203, but the second winding shaft 205 cannot rotate clockwise under the action of the ratchet 404, the pawl 403 and the barrel 402. On the other hand, when the second hoisting shaft 205 rotates counterclockwise, the elastic rope 102 is tightened, and when the second hoisting shaft rotates clockwise, the elastic rope 102 is released, so the hoisting unit JY can only wind the rope and can not release the rope under the limitation of the locking unit SZ.

On the contrary, in the operating state of the lock motor 401, the power shaft (not shown) thereof rotates counterclockwise, the driving wheel 405 fixed coaxially with the power shaft rotates counterclockwise, the driven wheel 406 engaged with the driving wheel 405 rotates clockwise, so that the pawl 403 fixed coaxially with the driven wheel 406 rotates clockwise by a certain angle against the restoring force of the barrel 402 under the driving force, and the pawl 403 is separated from the ratchet 404, at this time, the clockwise rotation and the counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet 404 are not restricted, that is, the clockwise rotation and the counterclockwise rotation of the second winding shaft 205 are not restricted. Theoretically, the hoisting unit JY can be used for winding and unwinding the rope in a state of being separated from the limit of the locking unit.

Returning to the tide level adaptive device S of the present invention, under the control of the control unit 202, when the lock motor 401 does not operate, the

pawls

403, 403 engage with the

ratchets

404, 404 respectively under the restoring force of the barrel 402, so that the first winding shaft 204 and the second winding shaft 205 of the winding unit JY are unidirectionally locked, in this embodiment, the direction to release the elastic rope 102 is locked, and only the length can be maintained or the elastic rope 102 can be tightened (the length is shortened) under the operation of the winding motor 203, that is, the winding motor 203 is allowed to rotate in the other direction. When the locking motor 401 works, the driving wheel 405 and the driven

wheels

406 and 406 are sequentially driven to rotate in a mode of overcoming restoring force of the

barrel

402 and 402, the

pawls

403 and 403 are separated from the

ratchet wheels

404 and 404 respectively, unidirectional locking of the first winding shaft 204 and the second winding shaft 205 is released, the

elastic ropes

102 and 102 are in a releasable state, after the elastic ropes are released to a designated length under the action of buoyancy and the like, the locking motor 401 stops working, the

pawls

403 and 403 are reengaged with the

ratchet wheels

404 and 404, the first winding shaft 204 and the second winding shaft 205 are locked in one direction again, and the

elastic ropes

102 and 102 cannot be released.

According to the invention, when the tide level is not changed, the winding motor 203 and the locking motor 401 do not work, the rotation of the winding unit JY is locked in a single direction, the locking direction is the direction of releasing the elastic rope, and the elastic rope can not be released and is kept tensioned. When the tide level rises, the control unit 202 controls the locking motor 401 to work, the hoisting unit JY is unlocked, namely the hoisting shaft of the hoisting unit JY is not limited to rotate, at the moment, the position of the wave energy device C also rises due to the rise of the tide level, the two

elastic ropes

102 and 102 are pulled under the action of buoyancy force to be released, when the tide level is released to the target length, the control unit 202 controls the locking motor 401 to stop working, and the rotation of the hoisting shaft is locked again (at the moment, the ratchet 404 and the pawl 403 are locked at a new position). When the tide level falls, the control unit 202 controls the hoisting motor 203 to work, and the locking unit SZ locks the hoisting shaft to release the rotation of the elastic rope 102 in the axial direction and allows the reverse rotation, so that the elastic rope 102 can be recovered and tensioned under the action of the hoisting motor 203.

Generally, in the process of adjusting the elastic rope to the target length, the hoisting unit JY and the locking unit SZ do not need to work simultaneously, the locking motor 401 works when the elastic rope 102 needs to be released, the hoisting motor 203 works when the elastic rope 102 needs to be tightened, and the automatic locking of a mechanical structure can be used for maintaining the length without any motor working, so that the high energy saving of the tide level self-adaptive device S can be realized.

When the wave energy device C encounters an extreme sea condition, the control unit 202 can control the hoisting unit JY to recover the elastic rope in the state that the locking unit SZ is not started, so that the wave energy device C submerges and leaves the place near the sea surface with complex water power conditions, the survivability of the wave energy device under the extreme sea condition can be improved with low energy consumption, and meanwhile, the reliability of an anchoring system can be improved with a simple structure.

The locking motor 401 and the winding motor 203 are controlled by the control unit 202 to be turned on and off and provide power, and the tide level self-adaption device S can obtain electric energy through the wave energy device C on the sea surface.

In conclusion, through the structural matching of the hoisting unit JY and the locking unit SZ, the hoisting motor 203 and the locking motor 401 are started only when the length of the elastic rope 102 is adjusted, and the electric energy consumption is saved. In addition, the invention realizes the working mode of tide level adaptation by adjusting the length of the elastic rope 102, and can fully consider the draft adjustment of the wave energy device C, namely, the draft of the wave energy device C is changed by adjusting the length of the anchor rope, so that the optimal draft is achieved to obtain the maximum energy obtaining efficiency.

(other embodiment)

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a structure of a wave energy device C and an anchor system according to another aspect of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the wave energy device C further includes a submerged body Q connected to the wave energy device C, and the tide level adaptive device S is connected to the gravity anchor G and the submerged body Q via a connecting means 101 and an elastic rope 102. Therefore, for some wave energy devices with larger installation water depth, the overlarge water depth is not beneficial to the installation and the disassembly of the tide level self-adaptive device, so that the working water depth for the installation and the disassembly of the tide level self-adaptive device is reduced by means of the submerged floating body, for example, the operation on the seabed is not needed, and on the other hand, the implementation mode shortens the length of the elastic rope in the tide level self-adaptive device, so that the difficulty of the throwing and the recovery work is reduced. Only a single point form of anchorage between the wave energy device C and the submerged buoy Q is shown in fig. 9, but is not limited thereto.

The above embodiments are intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tide level self-adaptive device based on tensioning type anchoring is characterized by comprising:

a sealed spherical work chamber completely submerged in water, and having a pair of openings symmetrically formed in a radial direction of the sphere; and

the two elastic ropes extend out of the openings on the two sides of the working cabin, one elastic rope is connected with a wave energy device near the sea surface, and the other elastic rope is connected with a gravity anchor on the sea bottom;

the work cabin is provided with:

the hoisting units are respectively connected with the upper elastic rope and the lower elastic rope, and the elastic ropes can be recovered and released in a winding mode;

the locking unit can be meshed with the hoisting unit through a gear, the hoisting unit is locked to rotate in the direction of releasing the elastic rope in the non-electrified state, and the locking of the hoisting unit is released in the electrified state; and

the control unit controls the hoisting unit and the locking unit to open and close;

the hoisting unit is provided with a hoisting motor which is driven only in the direction of winding the elastic rope, and the locking unit is provided with a locking motor for releasing locking;

the control unit enables the hoisting motor to be electrified to work and the locking motor to be out of work when the elastic rope is recovered, and enables the hoisting motor to be out of work and the locking motor to be electrified to work when the elastic rope is released.

2. The tension-based anchor tide adaptive device according to claim 1,

the wave energy device is also provided with a connecting unit which connects the elastic rope with the working cabin, the wave energy device and the gravity anchor;

the connection unit includes:

two connecting caps respectively connected with the gravity anchor and the wave energy device; and

and the two connecting cores are respectively connected with one ends of the two elastic ropes.

3. The tension-based anchor tide adaptive device according to claim 2,

the inner diameter of the connecting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting core, and two pairs of mutually-angled hole sites for inserting two bolts are respectively arranged on the corresponding positions of the connecting cap and the connecting core in a nested state.

4. The tension-based anchor tide adaptive device according to claim 1,

the hoisting unit includes:

a pair of hoisting shafts respectively located near the openings on both sides of the working chamber and respectively wound with the elastic ropes;

a pair of parallel output rods connected with the pair of hoisting shafts respectively;

the two ends of the driven rod are respectively connected with the output rod in a rotating manner;

the transmission rod is connected with the driven rod in a rotating mode in parallel with the output rod; and

and the hoisting motor is connected with the transmission rod.

5. The tension-based anchor tide adaptive device according to claim 1,

the lock unit includes:

a locking motor and a driving wheel coaxially fixed with the locking motor;

a driven wheel meshed with the driving wheel;

a pawl and a barrel for pre-torque fixed coaxially with the driven wheel; and

a ratchet wheel engaged with the pawl;

the ratchet wheel is connected with the winding unit.

6. The tension-anchor-based tide adaptive device according to claim 5,

the ratchet wheel is coaxially fixed with a winding shaft of the winding unit.

7. The tension-anchor-based tide adaptive device according to claim 5,

the shell of the barrel is fixed on the working cabin, and the inner rotating shaft is coaxially fixed with the pawl and the driven wheel.

8. An anchoring system suitable for a floating wave energy device, comprising:

a seabed mounted gravity anchor; and

the tension anchor based tide level adaptive device according to any of claims 1-7 connected with the gravity anchor and the wave energy device respectively.

9. An anchoring system for a floating wave energy device according to claim 8,

the submerged floating body is connected with the gravity anchor;

the tide level self-adaption device is connected with the wave energy device and the submerged floating body.