CN113563327A - 新型介离子化合物及其合成与应用 - Google Patents
新型介离子化合物及其合成与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113563327A CN113563327A CN202010349367.XA CN202010349367A CN113563327A CN 113563327 A CN113563327 A CN 113563327A CN 202010349367 A CN202010349367 A CN 202010349367A CN 113563327 A CN113563327 A CN 113563327A
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- Prior art keywords
- halo
- compound
- alkylthio
- alkyl
- och
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型介离子化合物及其合成与应用,具体地,本发明公开了一种新型介离子化合物,如式(I)所示,其中X为CH或N;A为苯基、萘基、1,3‑苯并二噁唑‑5‑基、C1‑6烷基、C2‑6烯基、C2‑6炔基或C3‑6环烷基;R1和R2各自独立地为氢、C1‑6烷基等等。所述式(I)所示化合物或包含式(I)所示化合物的组合物具有优异的杀虫活性,适合在农业、林业和/或园艺中作为杀虫剂应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域,具体地,本发明涉及一种新型介离子化合物及其合成方法与其在农业中作为杀虫剂的应用。
背景技术
害虫防治一直以来都是农药科学研究的核心领域,市场上的杀虫剂的使用使得多数害虫得到了有效治理。但随着市场上杀虫剂应用规模的不断扩大,传统农药品种的抗药性问题日益凸显,加上新的病虫害的不断出现,使得高效、安全、经济、环境相容性和具有不同作用方式的新农药的继续研究和开发成为必然选择。
发明内容
本发明提供一种新型的介离子化合物,其对农业中的害虫,特别是对粘虫、小菜蛾、苜蓿蚜、水稻褐飞虱等具有优异的防效。
具体地,一方面,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有式(I)所示的结构,或式(I)所示化合物的立体异构体、氮氧化物或其盐:
其中:
X为CH或N;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基或卤代C1-6烷硫基;
或者,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成5-6元饱和杂环;所述的5-6元饱和杂环任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基或卤代C1-6烷硫基的取代基取代;
A为苯基、萘基、1,3-苯并二噁唑-5-基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基或C3-6环烷基;其中A任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基、卤代C1-6烷硫基或苯氧基的取代基取代;
条件为:
一些实施方案中,R1和R2各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基或卤代C1-4烷硫基。
又一些实施方案中,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成5-6元饱和杂环;所述的5-6元饱和杂环任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基或卤代C1-4烷硫基的取代基取代。
优选地,在一些实施方案中,R1和R2各自独立地为C1-4烷基。
又一些实施方案中,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成四氢吡咯环、哌啶环或吗啉环;所述的四氢吡咯环、哌啶环和吗啉环任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基或卤代C1-4烷硫基的取代基取代。
另一些实施方案中,R1和R2各自独立地为氢、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3或-C(CH3)3。
优选地,在另一些实施方案中,R1和R2各自独立地为-CH3或-CH2CH3。
又一些实施方案中,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成四氢吡咯环、哌啶环或吗啉环;所述的四氢吡咯环、哌啶环和吗啉环任选地被1或2个选自选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3、-C(CH3)3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-OCH2CH2CH3、-OCH(CH3)2、-CH2Br、-CF3、-CHF2、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-OCH2CF3或-OCH2CHF2的取代基取代。
一些实施方案中,A为苯基、萘基、1,3-苯并二恶唑-5-基、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基或C3-6环烷基;其中A任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基、卤代C1-4烷硫基或苯氧基的取代基取代。
其中Ra1、Ra2、Ra3、Ra4和Ra5各自独立地为氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基、卤代C1-4烷硫基或苯氧基。
其中Ra1、Ra2、Ra3、Ra4和Ra5各自独立地为氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3、-C(CH3)3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-OCH2CH2CH3、-OCH(CH3)2、-CH2Br、-CF3、-CHF2、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-OCH2CF3、-OCH2CHF2或苯氧基。
一些实施方案中,A为以下子结构式:
另一方面,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有以下结构之一的化合物,或具有以下结构之一化合物的立体异构体、氮氧化物或其盐:
另一方面,本发明提供一种组合物,其包含至少一种本发明所述的化合物。
进一步地,本发明所述的组合物包含农药学上可接受的辅助剂。
另一方面,本发明提供本发明所述的化合物和/或本发明所述的组合物在农业中作为杀虫剂的应用。
又另一方面,本发明提供一种防治害虫的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的本发明所述的化合物和/或本发明所述的组合物施用于害虫、害虫生长介质和/或害虫生长环境。
本发明的详细说明
定义和一般术语
现在详细描述本发明的某些实施方案,其实例由随附的结构式和化学式说明。本发明意图涵盖所有的替代、修改和等同技术方案,它们均包括在如权利要求定义的本发明范围内。本领域技术人员应认识到,许多与本发明所述类似或等同的方法和材料能够用于实践本发明。本发明绝不限于本发明所述的方法和材料。在所结合的文献、专利和类似材料的一篇或多篇与本申请不同或相矛盾的情况下(包括但不限于所定义的术语、术语应用、所描述的技术,等等),以本申请为准。
应进一步认识到,本发明的某些特征,为清楚可见,在多个独立的实施方案中进行了描述,但也可以在单个实施例中以组合形式提供。反之,本发明的各种特征,为简洁起见,在单个实施方案中进行了描述,但也可以单独或以任意适合的子组合提供。
除非另外说明,本发明所使用的所有科技术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。本发明涉及的所有专利和公开出版物通过引用方式整体并入本发明。
除非另外说明,应当应用本发明所使用的下列定义。出于本发明的目的,化学元素与元素周期表CAS版,和《化学和物理手册》,第75版,1994一致。此外,有机化学一般原理可参考"Organic Chemistry",Thomas Sorrell,University Science Books,Sausalito:1999,和"March's Advanced Organic Chemistry"by Michael B.Smith and JerryMarch,John Wiley&Sons,New York:2007中的描述,其全部内容通过引用并入本发明。
除非另有说明或者上下文中有明显的冲突,本发明所使用的冠词“一”、“一个(种)”和“所述”旨在包括“至少一个”或“一个或多个”。因此,本发明所使用的这些冠词是指一个或多于一个(即至少一个)宾语的冠词。例如,“一组分”指一个或多个组分,即可能有多于一个的组分被考虑在所述实施方案的实施方式中采用或使用。
术语“包含”为开放式表达,即包括本发明所指明的内容,但并不排除其他方面的内容。
“立体异构体”是指具有相同化学构造,但原子或基团在空间上排列方式不同的化合物。立体异构体包括对映异构体、非对映异构体、构象异构体(旋转异构体)、几何异构体(顺/反)异构体、阻转异构体,等等。
“对映异构体”是指一个化合物的两个不能重叠但互成镜像关系的异构体。
“非对映异构体”是指有两个或多个手性中性并且其分子不互为镜像的立体异构体。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质,如熔点、沸点、光谱性质和反应性。非对映异构体混合物可通过高分辨分析操作如电泳和色谱,例如HPLC来分离。
本发明所使用的立体化学定义和规则一般遵循S.P.Parker,Ed.,McGraw-HillDictionary of Chemical Terms(1984)McGraw-Hill Book Company,New York;andEliel,E.and Wilen,S.,“Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds”,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York,1994中的描述。
许多有机化合物以光学活性形式存在,即它们具有使平面偏振光的平面发生旋转的能力。在描述光学活性化合物时,使用前缀D和L或R和S来表示分子关于其一个或多个手性中心的绝对构型。前缀d和l或(+)和(-)是用于指定化合物所致平面偏振光旋转的符号,其中(-)或l表示化合物是左旋的。前缀为(+)或d的化合物是右旋的。一种具体的立体异构体是对映异构体,这种异构体的混合物称作对映异构体混合物。对映异构体的50:50混合物称为外消旋混合物或外消旋体,当在化学反应或过程中没有立体选择性或立体特异性时,可出现这种情况。
本发明公开化合物的任何不对称原子(例如,碳等)都可以以外消旋或对映体富集的形式存在,例如(R)-、(S)-或(R,S)-构型形式存在。在某些实施方案中,各不对称原子在(R)-或(S)-构型方面具有至少50%对映体过量,至少60%对映体过量,至少70%对映体过量,至少80%对映体过量,至少90%对映体过量,至少95%对映体过量,或至少99%对映体过量。
依据起始物料和方法的选择,本发明化合物可以以可能的异构体中的一个或它们的混合物,例如外消旋体和非对应异构体混合物(这取决于不对称碳原子的数量)的形式存在。光学活性的(R)-或(S)-异构体可使用手性合成子或手性试剂制备,或使用常规技术拆分。如果化合物含有一个双键,取代基可能为E或Z构型;如果化合物中含有二取代的环烷基,环烷基的取代基可能有顺式或反式构型。
所得的任何立体异构体的混合物可以依据组分物理化学性质上的差异被分离成纯的或基本纯的几何异构体,对映异构体,非对映异构体,例如,通过色谱法和/或分步结晶法。
可以用已知的方法将任何所得终产物或中间体的外消旋体通过本领域技术人员熟悉的方法拆分成光学对映体,如,通过对获得的其非对映异构的盐进行分离。外消旋的产物也可以通过手性色谱来分离,如,使用手性吸附剂的高效液相色谱(HPLC)。特别地,对映异构体可以通过不对称合成制备。
像本发明所描述的,本发明的化合物可以任选地被一个或多个取代基所取代,如上面的通式化合物,或者像实施例里面特殊的例子,子类,和本发明所包含的一类化合物。应了解“任选取代的”这个术语与“取代或非取代的”这个术语可以交换使用。一般而言,术语“取代的”表示所给结构中的一个或多个氢原子被具体取代基所取代。除非其他方面表明,一个任选的取代基团可以在基团各个可取代的位置进行取代。当所给出的结构式中不只一个位置能被选自具体基团的一个或多个取代基所取代,那么取代基可以相同或不同地在各个位置取代。具体地,“一个或多个”的实例是指1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个。其中所述的取代基可以是,但并不限于,氘,氟,氯,溴,碘,氰基,羟基,硝基,氨基,羧基,烷基,烷氧基,烷硫基,卤代烷基,卤代烷氧基,卤代烷硫基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧基烷氨基,芳氧基,杂芳基氧基,杂环基氧基,芳基烷氧基,杂芳基烷氧基,杂环基烷氧基,环烷基烷氧基,烷氨基,烷氨基烷基,烷氨基烷氨基,环烷基氨基,环烷基烷氨基,羟基取代的烷基,羟基取代的烷氨基,氰基取代的烷基,氰基取代的烷氧基,氰基取代的烷氨基,氨基取代的烷基,烷基酰基,杂烷基,环烷基,环烯基,环烷基烷基,杂环基,杂环基烷基,杂环基酰基,芳基,芳基烷基,芳氨基,杂芳基,杂芳基烷基,杂芳基氨基,酰胺基,磺酰基,氨基磺酰基等等。
另外,需要说明的是,除非以其他方式明确指出,在本发明中所采用的描述方式“各…独立地为”与“…各自独立地为”和“…独立地为”可以互换,均应做广义理解,其既可以是指在不同基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响,也可以表示在相同的基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响。
在本说明书的各部分,本发明公开化合物的取代基按照基团种类或范围公开。特别指出,本发明包括这些基团种类和范围的各个成员的每一个独立的次级组合。例如,术语“C1-C6烷基”或“C1-6烷基”特别指独立公开的甲基、乙基、C3烷基、C4烷基、C5烷基和C6烷基。
本发明使用的术语“烷基”或“烷基基团”,表示含有1至20个碳原子,饱和的直链或支链一价烃基基团;其中所述烷基基团任选地被一个或多个本发明描述的取代基所取代。除非另外详细说明,烷基基团含有1-20个碳原子。在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-12个碳原子;在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-8个碳原子;在另一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-6个碳原子;在又一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-4个碳原子;还在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-3个碳原子。
烷基基团的实例包含,但并不限于,甲基(Me、-CH3),乙基(Et、-CH2CH3),正丙基(n-Pr、-CH2CH2CH3),异丙基(i-Pr、-CH(CH3)2),正丁基(n-Bu、-CH2CH2CH2CH3),异丁基(i-Bu、-CH2CH(CH3)2),仲丁基(s-Bu、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3),叔丁基(t-Bu、-C(CH3)3),正戊基(-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3),2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3),3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)2),2-甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH3),3-甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2),3-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH2CH(CH3)2),2-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3),等等。
术语“烯基”表示含有2-12个碳原子的直链或支链一价烃基,其中至少有一个不饱和位点,即有一个碳-碳sp2双键,其中,所述烯基基团可以任选地被一个或多个本发明所描述的取代基所取代,其包括“cis”和“tans”的定位,或者“E”和“Z”的定位。在一实施方案中,烯基基团包含2-8个碳原子;在另一实施方案中,烯基基团包含2-6个碳原子;在又一实施方案中,烯基基团包含2-4个碳原子。烯基基团的实例包括,但并不限于,乙烯基(-CH=CH2),烯丙基(-CH2CH=CH2),丙烯基(CH3-CH=CH-),氧代的丁烯基(CH3-C(=O)-CH=CH-)等等。
术语“炔基”表示含有2-12个碳原子的直链或支链一价烃基,其中至少有一个碳-碳sp三键,其中,所述炔基基团可以任选地被一个或多个本发明所描述的取代基所取代。在一实施方案中,炔基基团包含2-10个碳原子;在一实施方案中,炔基基团包含2-8个碳原子;在另一实施方案中,炔基基团包含2-6个碳原子;在又一实施方案中,炔基基团包含2-4个碳原子。炔基基团的实例包括,但并不限于,-C≡CH、-C≡CCH3、-CH2-C≡CH、-CH2-C≡CCH3、-CH2CH2-C≡CH、-CH2-C≡CCH2CH3、-CH2CH2-C≡CH2CH3等等。
术语“烷氧基”表示烷基基团通过氧原子与分子其余部分相连,其中烷基基团具有如本发明所述的含义。烷氧基基团的实例包括,但并不限于,甲氧基(MeO、-OCH3),乙氧基(EtO、-OCH2CH3),1-丙氧基(n-PrO、n-丙氧基、-OCH2CH2CH3),异丙氧基(i-PrO、i-丙氧基、-OCH(CH3)2)等等。
术语“烷硫基”表示烷基基团通过硫原子与分子其余部分相连,其中烷基基团具有如本发明所述的含义。烷硫基基团的实例包括,但并不限于,-SCH3、-SCH2CH3、-SCH2CH2CH3、-SCH(CH3)2等等。
术语“环烷基”表示含有3-12个碳原子的,单价或多价的饱和单环、双环或三环体系。在一实施方案中,环烷基包含3-10个碳原子;在另一实施方案中,环烷基包含3-8个碳原子;在又一实施方案中,环烷基包含3-6个碳原子。所述环烷基基团任选地被一个或多个本发明所描述的取代基所取代。这样的实例包括,但并不限于,环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,环庚基,环辛基,环壬基,环癸基,环十一烷基,环十二烷基,等等。
术语“卤代烷基”表示烷基基团被一个或多个卤素原子所取代,这样的实例包含,但并不限于,-CF3,-CHF2,-CH2Cl,-CH2CF3,-CH2CHF2,-CH2CH2CF3等。
术语“卤代烷氧基”表示烷氧基基团被一个或多个卤素原子所取代,这样的实例包含,但并不限于,-OCF3,-OCHF2,-OCHCl2,-OCH2CHF2,-OCH2CHCl2,-OCH(CH3)CHF2等。
术语“卤代烷硫基”表示烷硫基基团被一个或多个卤素原子所取代。
术语“杂环”和“杂环基”在此处可交换使用,都是指包含3-15个环原子的饱和或部分不饱和的单环、双环或三环,其中单环、双环或三环中不包含芳香环,且至少一个环原子选自氮、硫和氧原子。除非另外说明,杂环基可以是碳基或氮基,且-CH2-基团可以任选地被-C(=O)-替代。环的硫原子可以任选地被氧化成S-氧化物。环的氮原子可以任选地被氧化成N-氧化合物。
术语“5-6元杂环”或“5-6元”典型地描述分子中成环原子的数目。例如,哌啶基是6元杂环基。
本发明所述化合物的盐,包括衍生自碱金属或碱土金属的那些以及衍生自氨和胺的那些。优选的阳离子包括钠、钾、镁以及具有化学式N+(RAARBBRCCRDD)的铵阳离子,其中RAA、RBB、RCC和RDD独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基和C1-C6羟基烷基。本发明所述化合物的盐可以通过用金属氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钠)或胺(例如氨、三甲胺、二乙醇胺、2-甲硫基丙胺、双烯丙基胺、2-丁氧基乙胺、吗啉、环十二胺或苄胺)对本发明所述的化合物进行处理来制备。
当本发明的化合物包含一个碱部分时,可接受的盐可以由有机酸和无机酸形成,例如乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、丙二酸、扁桃酸、苹果酸、邻苯二甲酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硝酸、硫酸、甲磺酸、萘磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、樟脑磺酸以及类似地已知可接受的酸。
本发明化合物的组合物和制剂
本发明的化合物一般可用作组合物或制剂中的杀虫剂活性成分,通常还包括农药学上可接受的辅助剂,所述的辅助剂包括表面活性剂和/或载体。
上述表面活性剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种表面活性剂,本发明优选为乳化剂、分散剂和润湿剂中的一种或多种。
除上述表面活性剂外的其它载体可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种载体,包括各种硅酸盐类、碳酸盐类、硫酸盐类、氧化物类、磷酸盐类、植物载体类、合成载体类。具体地,例如:白炭黑、高岭土、硅藻土、粘土、滑石、有机膨润土、浮石、二氧化钛、糊精、纤维素粉、轻质碳酸钙、可溶性淀粉、玉米淀粉、锯末粉、尿素、胺肥、尿素和胺肥的混合物、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、无水碳酸钾、无水碳酸钠、无水碳酸氢钾、无水碳酸氢钠、凹凸棒土、无水碳酸钾与无水碳酸氢钾的混合物和无水碳酸钠与无水碳酸氢钠的混合物中的一种或多种。
上述乳化剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种乳化剂,具体地,该乳化剂可以为十二烷基苯磺酸钙、三苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、脂肪胺、脂肪酰胺的环氧乙烷加成物、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、松香酸环氧乙烷加成物、多元醇脂肪酸酯及其环氧乙烷加成物、苯乙烯基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、端羟基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、苯乙烯基苯酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
上述分散剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种分散剂,具体地,该分散剂为丙烯酸均聚物钠盐、马来酸二钠盐、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、松香嵌段聚氧乙烯醚聚氧丙烯醚磺酸盐、端羟基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物、三苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯和对羟苯基木质素磺酸钠盐中的一种或多种。
上述润湿剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种润湿剂,具体地,该润湿剂可以为十二烷基硫酸钠、仲烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基萘磺酸盐、烷基酚树脂聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的杀虫剂组合物,该杀虫剂组合物还可以含有农药剂型领域所常用的各种制剂用助剂,具体地,该制剂用助剂可以为溶剂、助溶剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、囊材、保护剂、消泡剂、崩解剂、稳定剂、防腐剂和粘结剂中的一种或多种。
上述溶剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种溶剂,具体地,该溶剂可以为有机溶剂、植物油、矿物油、溶剂油和水中的一种或多种。
其中,所述有机溶剂包括N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基癸酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、三甲苯、四甲苯、二甲苯、甲苯、辛烷、庚烷、甲醇,异丙醇、正丁醇、四氢糠醇、磷酸三丁酯、1,4-二氧六环和环己酮中的一种或多种。
所述植物油包括甲基化植物油,松脂基植物油,松节油,环氧大豆油、大豆油、花生油、菜籽油、蓖麻油、玉米油和松籽油中的一种或多种。
所述矿物油包括液蜡、机油、煤油和润滑油中的一种或多种。
同时,上述溶剂也可以作为助溶剂使用。
上述防冻剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种防冻剂,本发明优选为乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油和尿素中的一种或多种。
上述增稠剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种增稠剂,具体地,该增稠剂可以为黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯醇、聚乙二醇、白炭黑、硅藻土、高岭土、粘土、海藻酸钠、硅酸铝镁、硅酸铝钠、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素钠和有机膨润土中的一种或多种。
上述囊材可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种囊材,本发明优选为聚氨酯、聚脲和脲醛树脂中的一种或多种。
上述保护剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种保护剂,本发明优选为聚乙烯醇和/或聚乙二醇。
上述消泡剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种消泡剂,本发明优选为有机硅氧烷、磷酸三丁酯和硅酮中的一种或多种。
上述稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯、环氧氯丙烷和醋酐中的一种或多种。
上述防腐剂选自苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮(简称BIT)、卡松和山梨酸钾中的一种或多种。
本发明还提供一种由上述杀虫剂组合物所制备的制剂,所述制剂的剂型为乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂、可溶性液剂、水悬浮剂、悬乳剂、超低容量喷雾剂、油悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、水面展膜油剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散性颗粒剂、干悬浮剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶性粒剂、可乳化粉剂、可乳化颗粒剂、颗粒剂、固体微胶囊制剂、泡腾片剂、泡腾颗粒剂、水漂浮分散颗粒剂或种衣剂。上述剂型均可由本领域的常规方法来制备。
上述乳油制剂的制备方法例如可以包括将各活性组分、溶剂、助溶剂及乳化剂混合搅拌使其形成均匀透明油相,即可得到乳油制剂。
上述水乳剂制备方法例如可以包括将活性成分、乳化剂、助溶剂和溶剂混合,使其成为均匀油相;将水、增稠剂、防冻剂等混合,使其成均一水相。在高速剪切下,将水相加入到油相或将油相加入到水相,形成分散性良好的水乳剂。
上述微乳剂的制备方法例如可以是将活性成分,乳化剂,溶剂混合搅拌成均一透明的油相。在搅拌的条件下,逐渐的加入水,使其形成均一透明的微乳液。
上述水/油悬浮剂的制备方法:例如可以是以水或油为介质,将活性组分、表面活性剂等助剂加入砂磨釜中,进行研磨至一定粒径后,过滤。再将计量好的增稠剂加入到研磨好的母液中,剪切分散均匀。制成油悬浮剂或水悬浮剂。
上述水分散性粒剂及可溶性粒剂的制备方法:例如可以是将各活性组分、分散剂、润湿剂、载体等混合均匀,然后通过气流粉碎至一定粒径,再加入水进行捏合,最后加入造粒机中进行造粒,干燥后即可得到水分散性粒剂或可溶性粒剂。
上述可溶性粉剂及可湿性粉剂的制备方法:例如可以是将各活性组分、各种助剂及其他载体等填料充分混合,用超细粉碎机粉碎。
本发明的杀虫剂组合物可以以成品制剂形式提供,即组合物中各物质已经混合;也可以以单独制剂形式提供,使用前在桶或罐中自行混合,并根据所需活性物质的浓度选择性地与水混合进行稀释即可。
与制剂领域相关的其他信息,参见T.S.Woods的“The Formulator’s Toolbox-Product Forms for Modern Agriculture”,Pesticide Chemistry and Bioscience,TheFood-Environment Challenge,T.Brooks和T.R.Roberts编辑,Proceedings of the 9thInternational Congress on Pesticide Chemistry,The Royal Society of Chemistry,Cambridge,1999,第120-133页。还可参见U.S.3,235,361第6栏,第16行至第7栏,第19行和实施例10-41;U.S3,309,192第5栏,第43行至第7栏,第62行和实施例8、12、15、39、41、52、53、58、132、138-140、162-164、166、167和169-182;U.S.2,891,855第3栏,第66行至第5栏,第17行和实施例1-4;Klingman的Weed Control as a Science,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,New York,1961,第81-96页;Hance等人的Weed Control Handbook,第8版,BlackwellScientific Publications,Oxford,1989;以及Developments in formulationtechnology,PJB Publications,Richmond,UK,2000。
本发明化合物及组合物的应用
本发明化合物尤其适合防治有用植物中的动物害虫如节肢动物、腹足动物和线虫,包括但不限于:
半翅目(Hemiptera):飞虱(飞虱科(Delphacidae))如褐飞虱(Nilaparvatalugens)、小灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus);叶蝉(角顶叶蝉科(Deltocephalidae))如绿稻叶蝉(黑尾叶蝉(Nephotettix cincticeps));蚜虫(蚜科(Aphididae))如棉蚜(Aphisgossypii)、苜蓿蚜(Aphis craccivora Koch);蝽科(Pentatomidae)如花角绿蝽(Nezaraantennata);粉虱(Aleyrodidae)如温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum);蚧(Coccidae)如加州红蚌质蚧(Calformia red scale)(Aonidiella aurantii);网蝽科(Tingidae);木虱(Homoptera,Psyllidea);
鳞翅目(Lepidoptera):螟蛾(Pyralidae)如二化螟(Chilo suppressalis);夜蛾(Noctuidae)如斜纹贪夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)、粘虫(Pseudaletia separata)、实夜蛾属(Heliothis spp.)和铃夜蛾属(Helicoverpa spp.);粉蝶(Pieridae)如菜粉蝶(Pierisrapae);卷蛾(Tortricidae)如褐带卷蛾属(Adoxophyes);细蛾(Gracillariidae)如茶细蛾(Caloptilia theivora)和苹果细蛾(Phyllonorycter ringoneella);蛀果蛾(Carposinidae)如桃蛀果蛾(Carposina niponensis);潜蛾(Lyonetiidae)如潜蛾属(Lyonetia spp.);毒蛾(Lymantriidae)如毒蛾属(Lymantria spp.)和黄毒蛾属(Euproctis spp.);巢蛾(Yponomeutidae)如小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella);麦蛾(Gelechiidae)如红铃麦蛾(Pectinophora gossypiella)和马铃薯麦蛾(Phthorimaeaoperculella);灯蛾(Arctiidae)如美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea);以及谷蛾(Tineidae)如衣蛾(Tineatranslucens)和幕谷蛾(Tineola bisselliella);
缨翅目(Thysanoptera):西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)、棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi)、黄色硬蓟马(Scirtothrips dorsalis)、烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci)、丽花蓟马(Frankliniella intonsa)和马铃薯蓟马(Frankliniella fusca);
双翅目(Diptera):家蝇(Musca domestica)、淡色库蚊(Culex popienspallens)、三膝虻(Tabanus trigonus)、葱蝇(Hylemya anitqua)、灰地种蝇(Hylemyaplatura)、中华按蚊(Anopheles sinensis)、日本稻潜蝇(Agromyza oryzae)、稻潜蝇(Hydrellia griseola)、稻秆蝇(Chlorops oryzae)、瓜寡鬃实蝇(Dacus cucurbitae)、地中海果实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)和三叶草斑潜蝇(Liriomyza trifolii);
鞘翅目(Coleoptera):茄二十八星瓢虫(Epilachna vigintioctopunctata)、黄曲条菜跳甲(Phyllotreta striolata)、水稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)、稻象(Echinocnemussquameus)、稻水象(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、棉铃象(Anthonomus grandis)、绿豆象(Callosobruchus chinensis)、寄生谷象(Sphenophorus venatus)、日本弧丽金龟(Popillia japonica)、古铜异丽金龟(Anomala cuprea)、根萤叶甲属(Diabrotica spp.)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)、叩甲属(Agriotes spp.)、烟草窃蠹(Lasioderma serricorne)、小圆皮蠹(Anthrenus verbasci)、赤拟谷盗(Triboliumcastaneum)、褐粉蠹(Lyctus brunneus)、白斑星天牛(Anoplophoramalasiaca)和纵坑切梢小蠹(Tomicus piniperda);
直翅目(Orthoptera):东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)、非洲蝼蛄(Gryllotalpaafficana)、北海道稻蝗(Oxya yezoensis)和日本稻蝗(Oxya japanica);
膜翅目(Hymenoptera):新疆菜叶蜂(Athalia rosae)、切叶蚁属(Acromyrmexspp.)和火蚁属(Solenopsis spp.);
线虫(Nematodes):水稻干尖线虫(Aphelenchoides besseyi)、草莓芽线虫(Nothotylenchus acris)、大豆孢囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus penetrans)和异常珍珠线虫(Nacobbus aberrans);
蜚蠊目(Blattariae):德国小蠊(Blattella germanica)、黑胸大蠊(Periplanetafuliginosa)、美洲大蠊(Periplaneta Americana)、褐斑大蠊(Periplaneta brunnea)和东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis);
蜱螨目(Acarina):叶螨科(Tetranychidae)(例如,朱砂叶螨(Tetranychuscinnabarinus)、二斑叶螨(Tetranychusurticae)、柑橘全爪螨(Panonychus citri)和小爪螨属(Oligonychus spp.));瘿螨科(Eriophyidae)(例如,橘刺皮瘿螨(Aculopspelekassi));跗线螨科(Tarsonemidae);细须螨科(Tenuipalpidae);杜克螨科(Tuckerellidae);粉螨科(Tuckerellidae Acaridae);麦食螨科(Pyroglyphidae)(例如,粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)和屋尘螨(Dermatophagoides ptrenyssnus));肉食螨科(Cheyletidae)、马六甲肉食螨(Cheyletus malaccensis)和马六甲肉食螨(Cheyletusmoorei);以及皮刺螨科(Dermanyssidae)。
在本发明的范围内,有用植物包括以下植物种类:谷物(小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、稻、玉米、高粱以及相关物种);甜菜(糖萝卜以及饲用甜菜);梨果、核果以及软水果(苹果、梨、李子、桃、扁桃、樱桃、草莓、覆盆子和黑莓);豆科植物(扁豆、宾豆、豌豆、大豆);油料作物(油菜、芥菜、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻油植物、可可豆、落花生或大豆);瓜类植物(南瓜、黄瓜、甜瓜);纤维植物(棉花、亚麻、大麻、黄麻);柑橘属水果(桔子、柠檬、葡萄柚、柑橘);蔬菜(菠菜、莴苣、芦笋、甘蓝、胡萝卜、洋葱、番茄、马铃薯、红椒);月桂类植物(鳄梨、樟属、樟脑)或植物,例如烟草、坚果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶、胡椒、葡萄藤、啤酒花、香蕉以及天然橡胶植物,连同草皮、观赏和森林植物,例如花卉、灌木、阔叶树或常绿树,例如针叶树,以及植物繁殖材料。
术语“植物繁殖材料”应当被理解为表示该植物的生殖部分,例如种子,这些部分可以用于该植物的繁殖,以及营养性材料,例如插条或块茎(例如马铃薯)。
本发明的化合物或组合物通过有效量的活性物质可杀灭害虫。因此,本发明还涉及用于防治害虫的方法,所述方法通过将本发明的活性成分或组合物施用于种子、植物或植物部位、果实或植物生长的土壤进行。施用可以在种子、植物或植物部位、果实或植物生长的土壤被害虫侵染之前和之后进行。
所用术语“有效量”表示足以在栽培植物上或在材料保护中防治害虫且不对被处理植物引起显著损害的量的本发明化合物或组合物。该量可以在宽范围内变化且取决于各种因素如害虫品种、被处理的栽培植物或材料、气候条件以及所用具体化合物。
本发明化合物或组合物使用方法简单,将本发明化合物或组合物施于所述的害虫或其生长介质上。本发明化合物或组合物的施用剂量根据天气条件、剂型、施用时机、施用方法、施用面积、目标病害、目标作物等变化。
一般合成过程
下述方案描述本发明化合物的制备。除非有进一步的说明,本发明的化合物可以通过本发明所描述的方法制备得到。制备本发明的化合物所使用的原料、试剂等等均是可以商购的,或者可以通过本领域常规的方法制备得到。在本说明书中,如果在化学名称和化学结构间存在任何差异,结构是占优的。
本发明核磁共振氢谱的测试条件是:室温条件下,布鲁克(Bruker)400MHz或600MHz的核磁仪,以CDC13,d6-DMSO,CD3OD或d6-丙酮为溶剂(报导以ppm为单位),用TMS(0ppm)或氯仿(7.26ppm)作为参照标准。当出现多重峰的时候,将使用下面的缩写:s(singlet,单峰),d(doublet,双峰),t(triplet,三重峰),q(quartet,四重峰),m(multiplet,多重峰),br(broadened,宽峰),dd(doublet of doublets,双二重峰),dt(doublet of triplets,双三重峰)。偶合常数,单位用赫兹(Hz)表示。
本发明所用质谱分析方法为:使用Agilent 1260HPLC;Agilent 6120ESI。
A相:水(含0.1%甲酸);B相:乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)。
梯度洗脱:0-3min,5-100%B;3-6min,100%B。
流速:0.6mL/min。
检测波长:254nm。
MS参数:ESI正扫描,碰撞诱导电离:70V。
干燥氮气:12L/min,雾化气压力:40psi,气体温度:350℃。
取适量样品,溶于0.5mL甲醇,进样,在正ESI模式下进行一级MS全扫描得到准分子离子峰[M+H]+读数。
如无特别指明,本发明中“室温”是指事物所处位置周围的自然温度,所述环境温度可以依据所处地区、所处季节、所处时间有所不同,一般在-20℃-45℃之间或在大约18℃-30℃,或大约20℃-25℃或大约22℃。
下面的简写词释义贯穿本发明:
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DCM:二氯甲烷
THF:四氢呋喃
DCC:二环己基碳二亚胺
合成方案
合成方案一
式(I)所示的目标化合物可以通过合成方案一制备得到。中间体化合物N与中间体化合物Z在加热条件下(60-180℃)反应得到式(I)所示的目标化合物;
其中,X、A、R1和R2具有本发明所述含义。
实施例
中间体化合物Z-1:N-(((6-(吡咯烷基-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲基)吡啶-2-胺的合成
第一步:6-(吡咯烷-1-基)烟碱醛合成
在氮气保护下,将2-氯-5-吡啶醛(2.82g,20mmol),四氢吡咯(7.10g,100mmol)溶在DMF20mL中,室温搅拌均匀;将反应升温至50℃反应10小时;反应完成后,冷却至室温,加入水30mL;乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗涤(30mL×3)有机相,再用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,将滤液减压浓缩,残留物用柱层析法[乙酸乙酯/石油醚(v/v)=1/10]分离,得到黄色油状物2.0g,收率:57%。
第二步:N-((6-(吡咯烷基-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲基)吡啶-2-胺合成
将6-(吡咯烷-1-基)烟碱醛(1.0g,5.67mmol),2-胺基吡啶(0.54g,5.67mmol)溶于50mL二氯甲烷中,室温搅拌30min,减压浓缩除去溶剂,浓缩物在90℃下减压反应1小时后,继续加入二氯甲烷20mL室温搅拌30min,减压浓缩除去溶剂,浓缩物在90℃下减压反应1小时;循环进行三次,薄层色谱监控至反应完全,得到黄色油状物备用。
将硼氢化钠(0.22g,5.67mmol)溶于甲醇/THF(5mL/15mL)中,在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,将上述反应得到的油状物的THF溶液(15mL)缓慢滴入到硼氢化钠的溶液中;滴加完毕后,在室温下反应10小时,缓慢滴入盐酸2mL(1N)淬灭反应,再加入水30mL,混合物搅拌10分钟,加入乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,用氢氧化钠溶液(1N,30mL)洗涤有机相,再用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,过滤,将滤液减压浓缩,残留物用柱层析法[乙酸乙酯/石油醚(v/v)=1/3]分离,得黄色固体0.51g,收率:38%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.22(s,1H),8.15(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.39(t,J=15.7Hz,2H),6.68(d,J=5.9Hz,1H),6.53(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.74(s,2H),3.65(m,4H),1.9(m,4H).
MS(ES-API,pos.ion)m/z:255.16[M+1]+.
选择相应的起始物料,参照上述Z-1的合成方法进行反应,可得到表1中的中间体化合物。
表1
中间体化合物N-1:双(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-2-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)丙二酸酯的合成
第一步:3-三氟甲苯乙酸甲酯的合成
将3-三氟甲苯乙酸(4.08g,20mmol)溶于甲醇60mL中,加入浓硫酸2mL,将反应温度升至60℃,并在60℃下反应10小时;反应完成后,将反应体系浓缩,得到的残留物用乙酸乙酯100mL溶解;用水洗涤(30mL×3)后,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,过滤,将滤液减压浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱层析法[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=30/1]分离,得到无色液体4.0g,收率91.7%。
第二步:2-(3-三氟甲苯基)丙二酸二甲酯的合成
将3-氟甲苯乙酸甲酯(2.9g,17.5mmol)溶于四氢呋喃40mL中,室温下分批加入氢化钠(含量60%,分五次加入1.70g,42mmol),加入完毕后室温下反应30分钟;将碳酸二甲酯(8.1g,90mmol)滴入到反应中,滴加完毕后将反应升温至60℃,并回流反应18小时。反应完成后,加入氯化铵饱和溶液15mL淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,使用硫酸钠干燥1小时,过滤,将滤液浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱层析法[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=10/1]分离,得到无色液体3.0g,收率75.8%。
第三步:2-(3-三氟甲苯基)丙二酸的合成
称取2-(3-三氟甲苯基)丙二酸二甲酯(5.52g,20.00mmol)于100mL反应瓶中,缓慢加入氢氧化钠(4.00g,100.00mmol)的水溶液(40mL),在60℃油浴加热回流,反应3小时。待反应完成后,将反应移至0℃冰浴下搅拌,缓慢加入浓盐酸(10mL),使溶液pH值为1。加入乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相1小时后,过滤,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,得到黄色固体4.41g,收率:90%。
第四步:双(2,4,6-三氯苯基)2-(3-三氟甲苯基)丙二酸酯的合成
将2-(3-三氟甲苯基)丙二酸(4.41g,18.00mmol)、1mLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺和二氯甲烷50mL加入到250mL单口瓶中,在0℃下,将草酰氯(8mL,95mmol)缓慢滴加到反应中,加入完毕后,将反应恢复至室温,继续反应6小时。反应完成后,向反应液中加入2,4,6-三氯苯酚(8g,40.00mmol),继续反应12小时。浓缩反应液,加入甲醇40mL,室温静置3小时,反应液中析出了大量白色沉淀,过滤,用甲醇20mL洗涤滤饼,得到白色固体6.64g,收率:61%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.94(s,1H),7.87(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.62(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.49(s,2H),7.41(s,2H),5.40(s,1H).
MS(ES-API,pos.ion)m/z:607.85[M+1]+.
选择相应的起始物料,参照上述中间体N-1的合成方法进行反应,可得到表2中的中间体化合物。
表2
实施例1:4-氧-1-(((6-(吡咯烷-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-1-鎓-2-醇盐的合成
在氮气保护下,将N-(((6-(吡咯烷基-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲基)吡啶-2-胺(Z-1)(254mg,1mmol)、双(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-2-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)丙二酸酯(N-1)(1.05g,1.5mmol)及甲苯10mL加入到50mL三口瓶中,将反应温度升至110℃下加热回流18小时;待反应完成,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,残留物用柱层析法[正己烷/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=1/2]分离,得到黄色固体168mg,收率:36%。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ9.21(s,1H),8.60(s,1H),8.41(s,2H),8.01-7.946(m,2H),7.77(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.55-7.48(m,2H),7.38(s,1H),5.53(s,2H),3.65(m,4H),1.9(m,4H).
MS(ES-API,pos.ion)m/z:467.19[M+1]+.
使用中间体Z-1到Z-8和相应的中间体N-1到N-35为原料,参照实施例1的类似合成方法或参照现有技术中的制备方法进行反应,即可得到表3中的目标化合物。
表3
活性测试例
供试靶标:粘虫
浸叶法:将适量玉米叶片在配好的药液中充分浸润后自然阴干,放入垫有滤纸的培养皿中,接粘虫3龄中期幼虫10头/皿,置于24~27℃观察室内培养,72h后调查结果。样品试验浓度200mg/L。
供试靶标:小菜蛾
浸叶法:将适量白菜叶片在配好的药液中充分浸润后自然阴干,放入垫有滤纸的培养皿中,接小菜蛾2龄幼虫10头/皿,置于24~27℃观察室内培养,72h后调查结果。样品试验浓度200mg/L、100mg/L、50mg/L。
供试靶标:水稻褐飞虱
喷雾法:分别将接有水稻褐飞虱的水稻苗于Potter喷雾塔下喷雾处理,处理后置于24~27℃观察室内培养,72h后调查结果。样品试验浓度200mg/L、100mg/L、50mg/L、25mg/L。
测试结果显示:在200mg/L下,实施例20对粘虫的致死率为80~100%,而在相同的剂量下,实施例50对粘虫的致死率为0。
测试结果显示:在200mg/L下,实施例2、实施例3、实施例6、实施例13、实施例46、实施例48、实施例49对小菜蛾的致死率为80~100%,而在相同的剂量下,实施例50对小菜蛾的致死率为0。
测试结果显示:在50mg/L下,实施例2、实施例3、实施例6、实施例46、实施例48对小菜蛾的致死率为70~100%。
测试结果显示:在200mg/L下,实施例6、实施例7、实施例8、实施例9、实施例10、实施例11、实施例12、实施例14、实施例15、实施例18、实施例20、实施例21、实施例22、实施例25、实施例29、实施例30、实施例31、实施例34、实施例35、实施例36、实施例37、实施例44对褐飞虱的致死率为90~100%;在200mg/L下,实施例3对褐飞虱的致死率为80%;而在相同的剂量下,实施例50对褐飞虱的致死率为70%。
测试结果显示:在50mg/L下,实施例3、实施例6、、实施例7、实施例8、实施例9、实施例10、实施例11、实施例12、实施例14、实施例15、实施例18、实施例20、实施例21、实施例22、实施例25、实施例29、实施例30、实施例31、实施例34、实施例36、实施例37、实施例44对褐飞虱的致死率为80~100%。
测试结果显示:在25mg/L下,实施例6、实施例8和实施例14对褐飞虱的致死率为75~100%。
对比活性测试例
供试靶标:褐飞虱
喷雾法:供试靶标为水稻褐飞虱,分别将接有水稻褐飞虱的水稻苗于Potter喷雾塔下喷雾处理,处理后置于24~27℃观察室内培养,72h后调查结果,调查结果如表4。样品试验浓度100mg/L。
表4
由表4可知,本发明所提供的实施例6、实施例8和实施例14对褐飞虱的活性明显优于专利WO2011017342中公开的化合物,是褐飞虱防治的有效化合物。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种化合物,其为式(I)所示的化合物,或式(I)所示化合物的立体异构体、氮氧化物或其盐:
其中:
X为CH或N;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基或卤代C1-6烷硫基;
或者,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成5-6元饱和杂环;所述的5-6元饱和杂环任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基或卤代C1-6烷硫基的取代基取代;
A为苯基、萘基、1,3-苯并二噁唑-5-基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基或C3-6环烷基;其中A任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷硫基、卤代C1-6烷硫基或苯氧基的取代基取代;
条件为:
当X为CH,A为苯基时,R1和R2不能同时为甲基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中:
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基或卤代C1-4烷硫基;
或者,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成5-6元饱和杂环;所述的5-6元饱和杂环任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基或卤代C1-4烷硫基的取代基取代。
3.根据权利要求2所述的化合物,其中:
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3或-C(CH3)3;
或者,R1、R2和与之相连接的N原子形成四氢吡咯环、哌啶环或吗啉环;所述的四氢吡咯环、哌啶环和吗啉环任选地被1或2个选自选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3、-C(CH3)3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-OCH2CH2CH3、-OCH(CH3)2、-CH2Br、-CF3、-CHF2、-OCF3、-OCHF2、-OCH2CF3或-OCH2CHF2的取代基取代。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中:
A为苯基、萘基、1,3-苯并二噁唑-5-基、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基或C3-6环烷基;其中A任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、C1-4烷硫基、卤代C1-4烷硫基或苯氧基的取代基取代。
8.一种组合物,包含权利要求1-7任意一项所述的化合物。
9.权利要求1-7任意一项所述的化合物或权利要求8所述的组合物在农业中作为杀虫剂的应用。
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