CN113563050A - Ceramic tile and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic tile and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113563050A CN113563050A CN202110867115.0A CN202110867115A CN113563050A CN 113563050 A CN113563050 A CN 113563050A CN 202110867115 A CN202110867115 A CN 202110867115A CN 113563050 A CN113563050 A CN 113563050A
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- ceramic tile
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- tile body
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(8-methylnonyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OCCCCCCCC(C)C QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical group [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 34
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 peroxide free radical Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroperoxide group Chemical group [O-]O MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B41/4857—Other macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B41/4861—Polyalkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/82—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/83—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/442—Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/448—Sulphates or sulphites
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The application specifically discloses a ceramic tile and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the field of ceramic tiles. The ceramic tile comprises a ceramic tile body and a film coating agent coated on the surface of the ceramic tile body, wherein the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials: polyvinyl acetate, polyisobutylene, paraffin powder and an antioxidant; the ceramic tile body is made of the following raw materials: bentonite, granite powder, marble powder, cement, gypsum powder and water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of mixing, ball milling, injection molding, drying and demolding raw materials of the ceramic tile body to obtain a blank, firing the blank to prepare the ceramic tile body, uniformly mixing the raw materials of the film covering agent, heating to prepare the film covering agent, and coating the film covering agent on the surface of the ceramic tile body. The ceramic tile has excellent impact toughness, and the defect that the ceramic tile is easy to crack in the transportation process is effectively reduced; in addition, the preparation method has the advantages of energy conservation and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a ceramic tile and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The ceramic tile is made up by using refractory metal oxide and semimetal oxide through the processes of grinding, mixing, pressing, glazing and sintering, and is a kind of acid-and alkali-resistant building or decorative material made of porcelain or stone, etc. and is called ceramic tile. The raw materials are mostly mixed by clay, quartz sand and the like.
At present, the ceramic tiles in the related art have ceramic characteristics, so that the brittleness of the ceramic tiles is high, the ceramic tiles are only slightly deformed, namely broken and damaged under the action of external force (such as stretching, impact and the like), and the dynamic load resistance or impact resistance of the ceramic tiles is poor. Therefore the ceramic tile need wrap up the protection layer by layer to the ceramic tile in the transportation to it is cracked to avoid leading to the ceramic tile because of jolting the collision in the ceramic tile transportation, and the cost of transportation that leads to the ceramic tile from this is higher.
In the related art, the inventor thinks that the toughness of the related art is poor, and the related art has the defect of easy cracking during transportation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the toughness of the ceramic tile, the application provides the ceramic tile and the preparation process thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a ceramic tile, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the ceramic tile is characterized by comprising a ceramic tile body and a film coating agent coated on the surface of the ceramic tile body, wherein the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 30-40 parts of polyisobutylene and 15-20 parts of paraffin powder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at ceramic tile body surface coating laminating agent, because polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene have toughness and plasticity of preferred, consequently the laminating agent after the drying forms the protection film, protection film and the good ceramic tile body surface of firing combine closely to can promote the impact toughness of ceramic tile, because polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene self have certain hydroscopicity, consequently can reduce the ceramic tile because of the phenomenon that the surface of getting damp produced the surface and swamp. Add the paraffin powder in the laminating agent, the cross-linking that the paraffin powder can promote poly ethyl acetate and polyisobutylene combines for form more stable network structure in the laminating agent, thereby promote the intensity and the toughness of protection film, and then guarantee that the ceramic tile keeps excellent impact toughness. Through the synergistic effect of paraffin powder and polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene, can make the protection film after the drying closely combine with the ceramic tile body surface of firing well to can promote the impact toughness of ceramic tile, reduce the transportation of ceramic tile or the cracked defect of easy in the handling.
Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the film covering agent also comprise 10-20 parts of antioxidant.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyvinyl acetate and the polyisobutylene are easily oxidized and denatured under the influence of long-time high-temperature illumination, and the toughness, the plasticity and the tensile strength of the oxidized polyvinyl acetate and the oxidized polyisobutylene are reduced, so that the antioxidant is added into the film covering agent, the oxidation and denaturation rate of the polyvinyl acetate and the polyisobutylene can be reduced, the film covering agent can be favorably kept in better toughness and plasticity for a long time, the ceramic tile can be favorably kept in good impact toughness, and the defect that the ceramic tile is easily cracked in the transportation or carrying process is further reduced.
Preferably, the antioxidant consists of the following components in percentage by weight: BHA60-80%, triisodecyl phosphite 20-40%, and other components 0-10%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the BHA as the antioxidant can react with free radicals in the automatic oxidation process to eliminate the free radicals or promote the decomposition of hydroperoxide, so that the chain reaction in the oxidation process is promoted to be interrupted, and the BHA can be used as a hydrogen donor or a free radical trapping agent in the oxidation process, so that the BHA has strong oxidation resistance; after the BHA captures the oxidation free radical or the peroxide free radical, the hydrogen atom of the BHA is absorbed by the free radical, and then the low-activity triisodecyl phosphite can supply the hydrogen atom to regenerate the high-activity BHA antioxidant, so that the two antioxidants can generate a synergistic effect after being compounded and used, and the antioxidant can keep long-term antioxidant efficacy. When the antioxidant is used for preparing the film covering agent, the film covering agent keeps the advantage of excellent enhanced impact toughness for a long time.
Preferably, the tile body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of bentonite, 25-35 parts of granite powder, 23-35 parts of marble powder, 10-20 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of gypsum powder and 8-12 parts of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the bentonite has good physical and chemical properties such as plasticity, fire resistance and the like, the granite powder and the marble powder have higher strength and can realize better bonding with the bentonite, the components are further bonded tightly through the cement and the gypsum powder, the structural defect of perforation or crack of the ceramic tile body is avoided, and the ceramic tile body prepared according to the raw materials has better strength and impact resistance.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the ceramic tile body also comprise 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add the pore-forming agent in ceramic tile body's raw materials, can form many pore structures at this internal formation of ceramic tile in sintering process, when guaranteeing ceramic tile body self intensity, not only can alleviate the weight of ceramic tile self, and when coating laminating agent, laminating agent can get into in the hole on ceramic tile surface, thereby be favorable to laminating agent and the more inseparable bonding of ceramic tile body together, pore structure helps laminating agent to permeate to the ceramic tile is inside, and then reinforcing the holistic compressive strength of ceramic tile and impact toughness. When the pore-forming agent is less than 10 parts, uniform pores cannot be formed in the ceramic tile body effectively, when the weight part is greater than 20 parts, the pores in the ceramic tile body are too concentrated, the strength of the ceramic tile body is affected, and therefore the pore-forming agent in the weight part is selected to be beneficial to forming a pore structure with reasonable density in the ceramic tile body.
Preferably, the pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate and graphite powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ammonium bicarbonate enters between the matrix particles of the ceramic tile raw material, occupies a certain point position in the stirring process, and then forms ammonia gas and carbon dioxide gas to escape in the sintering process, and the occupied space is changed into pores so as to form a communicated pore structure; graphite powder granule is fine and smooth, and the surface is smooth, can play lubricated effect to ammonium bicarbonate for ammonium bicarbonate can change in other raw materials of ceramic tile body in the dispersion, and graphite powder can be high temperature resistant and nature stable, can not react with other raw materials firing the in-process, therefore graphite powder is favorable to making ammonium bicarbonate disperse evenly in the ceramic tile, and then be favorable to this internal formation of ceramic tile size unanimous, the even tiny pore structure of distribution.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a process for preparing a ceramic tile, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a ceramic tile comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, batching: weighing and proportioning the raw materials of the ceramic tile body and the film coating agent according to the formula proportion;
s2, mixing, ball-milling, injection molding, drying and demolding the raw materials of the ceramic tile body in the S1 to obtain a blank, and firing the blank at 1050-;
uniformly mixing the raw materials of the film coating agent in S1, and heating to 50-60 ℃ to obtain the film coating agent;
s3, coating: and coating the film coating agent on the surface of the ceramic tile body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at ceramic tile body surface coating laminating agent, form the protection film after the laminating agent is dry, protection film and ceramic tile surface combine closely, because the protection film that laminating agent formed has the plasticity and the toughness of preferred, consequently can strengthen the impact toughness of ceramic tile itself to a certain extent after adding the gum base, and then can reduce the fragility of ceramic tile, reduce the transportation of ceramic tile or the cracked defect of easy among the handling.
Preferably, in the step S3, the coating agent is coated on the surface of the tile body for multiple times, the thickness of each coating is 0.5-1mm, and the interval of each coating is 30-40 min.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the tectorial membrane agent of a lot of coating can form the protective layer that thickness is suitable on ceramic tile body surface, and after the coating was accomplished at every turn, wait for the coating that the one deck protection film dried and then carry out the next floor, it is inseparable to be favorable to bonding between the multilayer protection film to promote the wholeness between the protection film, reduce the problem that the protection film falls the skin and drops easily, and guarantee its excellent improvement ceramic tile impact toughness's effect.
Preferably, before the green body is fired by the S2 method, the demolded green body is dried at a temperature of 85-95 ℃.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out drying process to the body before firing, can fall the moisture evaporation in the body to moisture acutely produces destruction to the inside structure of ceramic tile in the body when avoiding firing, the stoving can preheat the body simultaneously, efficiency when promoting follow-up firing.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. through at ceramic tile body surface coating laminating agent, because polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene have toughness and plasticity of preferred, consequently laminating agent after the drying forms the protection film, the protection film closely combines with the ceramic tile body surface of firing, thereby can promote the impact toughness of ceramic tile, the paraffin powder can promote the cross-linking combination of polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene, make the interior more stable network structure that forms of laminating agent, thereby improve the intensity and the toughness of protection film, and then guarantee that the ceramic tile keeps excellent impact toughness. Through protection film and the good ceramic tile body surface of firing combine closely to can promote the impact toughness of ceramic tile, reduce the transportation of ceramic tile or the cracked defect of easy in the handling.
2. Preferably adopt BHA and the tri-isodecyl phosphite as antioxidant in this application, BHA has very strong anti-oxidant effect, can slow down the rate of polyvinyl acetate and polyisobutylene oxidative denaturation, BHA is after catching oxidizing free radical or peroxide free radical, the tri-isodecyl phosphite can supply with the hydrogen atom, make high active BHA antioxidant regeneration, can produce the synergistic action after this BHA and the compound use of tri-isodecyl phosphite, make BHA antioxidant keep permanent anti-oxygen efficiency, and then the protection film that makes laminating agent form has stronger anti-oxidant and durability, thereby be favorable to the ceramic tile to keep good impact toughness.
3. The utility model provides a preparation technology is through at ceramic tile surface coating laminating agent, forms the protection film after the laminating agent is dry, and the protection film combines closely with the ceramic tile surface, because the protection film that the laminating agent formed has the plasticity and the toughness of preferred, can strengthen the toughness of ceramic tile itself to a certain extent behind the coating laminating agent, and then reduces the transportation of ceramic tile or the cracked defect of easy in the handling.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials referred to herein are commonly available and one source of the materials referred to herein is provided below:
the bentonite is purchased from the alta-mud limited company;
granite powder was purchased from Shandong Zhanfei building materials, Inc.;
the marble powder is purchased from Shandong Zhanfei building materials Co., Ltd;
the cement is ordinary portland cement purchased from a West Anhui cement plant;
the gypsum powder is purchased from Shandong Taian Yuquan gypsum powder factory;
polyvinyl acetate, polyisobutylene, and polymethyl acrylate were purchased from Jiangsu Yinyang Gum base materials, Inc.;
the paraffin powder is purchased from Hengxia Liangqi commercial Co Ltd;
BHA and Hizhen constant Biotech, Inc.;
triisodecyl phosphite was purchased from Shanghai Jinjinle industries, Inc.;
starch is available from national agricultural starch, Inc. of Foshan, and has a starch model of GN 803;
ammonium bicarbonate was purchased from gay workers, Inc. of Dongguan;
graphite powder was purchased from the manufacturer of the roc rich mineral products from the lingshou county.
Examples
Example 1
A ceramic tile comprises a ceramic tile body and a film coating agent coated on the surface of the ceramic tile body.
The ceramic tile body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60kg of bentonite, 35kg of granite powder, 35kg of marble powder, 10kg of cement, 5kg of gypsum powder and 8kg of water;
the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.0kg of polyvinyl acetate, 4.0kg of polyisobutene and 2.0kg of paraffin powder.
The ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
s1, batching: weighing the raw materials of the ceramic tile body and the raw materials of the film coating agent according to the formula ratio;
s2, mixing the bentonite, the granite powder, the marble powder, the cement, the gypsum powder and the water which are weighed in the S1, and stirring for 5min to obtain a mixture; sending the uniformly stirred mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, setting ball milling time according to the fineness of the required slurry, and obtaining the slurry after ball milling; then atomizing the slurry by adopting a spray tower, and then drying and granulating to obtain powder; then filling the powder into a die cavity frame with corresponding specification, applying 50Mpa pressure to the die by using an automatic hydraulic brick press to form the powder, naturally airing for 3h at 30 ℃, and then demoulding to obtain a blank.
And drying the blank body at 90 ℃ for 3h, sintering the dried blank body at 1100 ℃ for 4h to obtain a prefabricated ceramic tile, glazing, printing and drying the prefabricated ceramic tile to obtain the ceramic tile body.
The raw material of the coating agent in S1 is stirred uniformly and then heated in water bath for 40min at 60 ℃ to obtain the coating agent.
S3, coating: and uniformly coating the film coating agent on the surface of the ceramic tile for three times, drying the upper layer, and then coating the lower layer at intervals of 30min, wherein the thickness of each coating is 0.8-1 mm.
Example 2
A ceramic tile differing from example 1 in that: the ceramic tile body raw material has different component contents and the film covering agent raw material has different component contents, and the specific contents are shown in table 1.
Example 3
A ceramic tile differing from example 1 in that: the ceramic tile body raw material has different component contents and the film covering agent raw material has different component contents, and the specific contents are shown in table 1.
Table 1 examples 1-3 component contents of tile body stock and coating agent stock
Example 4
A ceramic tile differing from example 3 in that: 1.0kg of BHA was added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA was added in S2 when preparing the coating agent.
Example 5
A ceramic tile differing from example 3 in that: 1.5kg of BHA was added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA was added in S2 when preparing the coating agent.
Example 6
A ceramic tile differing from example 3 in that: 2.0kg of BHA was added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA was added in S2 when preparing the coating agent.
Example 7
A ceramic tile differing from example 6 in that: 1.2kg of BHA and 0.8kg of triisodecyl phosphite were added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA and triisodecyl phosphite were added at the time of preparing the coating agent in S2.
Example 8
A ceramic tile differing from example 6 in that: 1.4kg of BHA and 0.6kg of triisodecyl phosphite were added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA and triisodecyl phosphite were added at the time of preparing the coating agent in S2.
Example 9
A ceramic tile differing from example 6 in that: 1.6kg of BHA and 0.4kg of triisodecyl phosphite were added to the raw materials for preparing the coating agent of this example, and BHA and triisodecyl phosphite were added at the time of preparing the coating agent in S2.
Example 10
A ceramic tile differing from example 9 in that: in the preparation of the coating agent of this example, 1.4kg of BHA, 0.4kg of triisodecyl phosphite and 0.2kg of ethanol were used as raw materials, and BHA, triisodecyl phosphite and ethanol were added at the time of preparing the coating agent in S2.
Example 11
A ceramic tile differing from example 10 in that: in the raw materials for preparing the tile body of this example, 15kg of ammonium bicarbonate was added, and the ammonium bicarbonate was added while stirring in S2 to prepare a mixed material.
Example 12
A ceramic tile differing from example 10 in that: 15kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 5kg of graphite powder were added to the raw materials for preparing the tile body of this example, and the ammonium bicarbonate and graphite powder were added while stirring in S2 to prepare a mixed material.
Example 13
A ceramic tile differing from example 12 in that: and S4, coating the film coating agent on the surface of the ceramic tile for three times in total, and coating the next layer after the previous layer is dried, wherein the interval is 40min each time.
Example 14
A ceramic tile differing from example 12 in that: and S4, coating the film coating agent on the surface of the ceramic tile for three times in total, and coating the next layer after the previous layer is dried, wherein the interval is 20min each time.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A ceramic tile is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40kg of kaolin, 21kg of broken stone, 15kg of waste glass, 10kg of magnesia, 9kg of high-alumina and 8kg of refractory binder.
The ceramic tile is prepared by the following method: weighing the kaolin, the broken stone, the waste glass, the magnesia and the high-alumina bauxite in parts by weight, grinding the materials into powder by using a ball mill, and sieving the powder by using a sieve; mixing the sieved powder with a refractory binder, and spraying and powdering by using a sprayer; feeding the powder into a ceramic press to be pressed and formed into a green brick; firing the green bricks in a roller kiln; and finally, edging to obtain the finished product of the ceramic tile.
Comparative example 2
A ceramic tile differing from example 13 in that: the surface of the ceramic tile body is not coated with a film coating agent.
Comparative example 3
A ceramic tile differing from example 13 in that: the coating agent is prepared from polymethyl acrylate, the polymethyl acrylate is directly coated on the surface of the ceramic tile body after the ceramic tile body is prepared, the coating is carried out for three times, and the coating of the next layer is carried out after the previous layer is dried, wherein the interval is 40min each time.
Comparative example 4
A ceramic tile differing from example 13 in that: the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9.0kg of polyvinyl acetate, 1.5kg of paraffin powder, 1.4kg of BHA, 0.4kg of triisodecyl phosphite and 0.2kg of ethanol.
Comparative example 5
A ceramic tile differing from example 13 in that: the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9.0kg of polyisobutene, 1.5kg of paraffin powder, 1.4kg of BHA, 0.4kg of triisodecyl phosphite and 0.2kg of ethanol.
Comparative example 6
A ceramic tile differing from example 13 in that: the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.0kg of polyvinyl acetate, 3.5kg of polyisobutene, 1.4kg of BHA, 0.4kg of triisodecyl phosphite and 0.2kg of ethanol.
Performance test
Detection method/test method
Test-impact toughness test
Test samples: the tiles obtained in examples 1 to 14 were used as test samples 1 to 14, and the tiles obtained in comparative examples 1 to 6 were used as control samples 1 to 6.
The test method comprises the following steps: the tiles were subjected to an impact toughness test according to the method in engineering ceramic impact toughness test method (GB/T14389-1993).
The test instrument: GB3808 pendulum impact tester.
And (3) test results: as shown in table 2.
Experimental Secondary antibody Oxidation test
Test samples: the tiles obtained in examples 1 to 14 were used as test samples 1 to 14, and the tiles obtained in comparative examples 1 to 6 were used as control samples 1 to 6.
The test method comprises the following steps: the samples were subjected to an exposure test for six months according to the method specified in GB/T9276-1996 test methods for Natural climate Exposure for coatings, and then the appearance of the protective film was observed, followed by testing the impact toughness of the tiles in the same manner as in test one.
The test instrument: double 85 test chamber, GB3808 pendulum impact tester.
And (3) test results: as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 results of the Performance test tests of examples 1 to 14 and comparative examples 1 to 6
As can be seen from Table 2, comparing test sample 1-3 with comparison sample 1 respectively, the ceramic tile that this application example 1 made compares with conventional ordinary ceramic tile, and impact toughness has showing and promotes, compares more conventional ceramic tile, and test sample 3 of this application compares impact toughness with ordinary ceramic tile and promotes 57%, and wherein test sample 3 compares with test sample 1 and test sample 2 and has better impact toughness.
As can be seen from Table 2, comparing test sample 1 with control sample 2, test sample 1 compares with control sample 2, and impact toughness promotes about 54%, because the production of the ceramic tile in this application at the surface coating tectorial membrane agent of ceramic tile body, forms the protection film that has better plasticity and toughness after the tectorial membrane agent is dry, has consequently effectively improved the impact toughness of ceramic tile to can reduce the easy cracked defect of ceramic tile in transportation or handling process.
As can be seen from table 2, when the test sample 1 is compared with the control sample 2 and the control sample 3, the impact toughness of the control sample 3 is reduced compared with the test sample 1, which indicates that the effect of using polymethyl acrylate as the coating agent is poorer than that of using polyvinyl acetate, polyisobutylene and paraffin powder as the coating agent in the present application, but the impact toughness of the control sample 3 is still improved to a certain extent compared with the control sample 2, which indicates that the impact toughness of the ceramic tile can be enhanced by using a general gum base material as the coating agent, but the enhancement effect is not as good as that of the coating agent provided in the present application.
As can be seen from table 2, when the test sample 4, the test sample 5, and the test sample 6 were compared with the test sample 3, respectively, the addition of BHA antioxidant during the preparation of the film-coating agent did not significantly affect the impact toughness of the tile; however, after the tile is subjected to an oxidation resistance test, the protective film on the outer surface of the tile is only slightly yellowed, which shows that after the BHA antioxidant is added, the oxidation resistance and the aging resistance of the protective film are greatly improved, the loss of the impact toughness of the test samples 4-6 after the oxidation resistance test is about 23%, and the loss of the impact toughness of the test sample 3 after the oxidation resistance test is about 32%, because the oxidation denaturation of the protective film on the surface of the tile is slower after the antioxidant is added, the protective film is beneficial to maintaining good toughness and plasticity for a long time, and the ceramic tile is beneficial to maintaining good impact toughness.
As can be seen from table 2, test sample 7, test sample 8, test sample 9 and test sample 6 are compared respectively, BHA and triisodecyl phosphite are added as antioxidants during preparation of the film coating agent, which has no significant effect on the impact toughness of the tile, but after the tile is subjected to an antioxidant test, the protective film on the outer surface of the tile is still colorless and transparent and does not change significantly, which indicates that the BHA and triisodecyl phosphite are used in combination, so that the antioxidant and aging resistance of the protective film can be further improved, after the antioxidant test, the impact toughness loss of the tile is about 11%, and compared with test sample 8, the impact toughness loss is further reduced, so that the BHA and triisodecyl phosphite are used in combination as antioxidants, which is more beneficial for the tile to maintain good impact toughness.
As can be seen from table 2, when the test sample 10 is compared with the test sample 9, the impact toughness of the tile is not significantly changed, but after the tile is subjected to the antioxidant test, the loss of the impact toughness of the test sample 10 is reduced compared with the test sample 9, because the addition of ethanol to the antioxidant enables the BHA and the triisodecyl phosphite to be more easily dissolved in the film coating agent, the uniform dispersion of the BHA and the triisodecyl phosphite in the film coating agent is facilitated, and the BHA and the triisodecyl phosphite exert better antioxidant performance.
It can be known from table 2, compare test sample 11 with test sample 10, add ammonium bicarbonate in the ceramic tile raw materials as the pore-forming agent, the ceramic tile that makes compares with the ceramic tile that does not add ammonium bicarbonate, impact toughness has further promotion, the impact toughness of ceramic tile is also higher after the ageing-resistant test, because ammonium bicarbonate can fire the pore structure that the in-process formed the intercommunication at the ceramic tile, consequently when coating laminating agent, the pore structure of intercommunication helps laminating agent to permeate to the ceramic tile is inside, and then strengthens the holistic impact toughness of ceramic tile.
Can know by table 2, compare test sample 12 with test sample 11, adopt ammonium bicarbonate and graphite powder as the pore-forming agent, the impact toughness of the ceramic tile that makes has further promotion, because ammonium bicarbonate can decompose into ammonia and carbon dioxide when being heated, consequently can be at the inside pore structure that forms of ceramic tile, and the graphite powder is favorable to ammonium bicarbonate to disperse evenly in the ceramic tile, thereby be favorable to forming the pore structure that distributes evenly inside the ceramic tile, the even intercommunication of size, consequently, more be favorable to the laminating agent to the inside even infiltration of ceramic tile, thereby can further promote the impact toughness of ceramic tile.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the test samples 14 and 13 are compared with the test sample 12, when the coating agent is coated on the surface of the ceramic tile, the interval between every two coating agents is 40min, and the next coating layer is coated after the last protective film is dried, so that the adhesion among multiple layers of protective films is tight, and the impact toughness of the ceramic tile is further improved.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the comparative sample 4 and the comparative sample 5 are compared, the impact toughness of the comparative sample 4 is relatively high, which indicates that the use of the polyvinyl acetate as the coating agent has a better effect of enhancing the impact toughness of the ceramic tile than the use of the polyisobutylene as the coating agent.
As can be seen from table 2, when the test sample 13 is compared with the control sample 4 and the control sample 5, respectively, and 15kg of the polyvinyl acetate is replaced by an equal amount of polyisobutylene, the impact toughness of the prepared tile is rather enhanced, and probably because the polyvinyl acetate and the polyisobutylene generate a synergistic effect, the protective film formed after the coating agent is dried has better toughness, so that the impact toughness of the prepared tile is stronger.
As can be seen from table 2, when comparing the test sample 13 with the control sample 6, the impact toughness of the prepared tile was reduced after replacing 1.5kg of paraffin powder in the coating agent with 1.0kg of polyvinyl acetate and 0.5kg of polyisobutylene, respectively, indicating that the impact toughness of the tile could be improved by tightly bonding the dried protective film to the surface of the fired tile body through the synergistic use of the paraffin powder, the polyvinyl acetate and the polyisobutylene.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The ceramic tile is characterized by comprising a ceramic tile body and a film coating agent coated on the surface of the ceramic tile body, wherein the film coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyvinyl acetate, 30-40 parts of polyisobutylene and 15-20 parts of paraffin powder.
2. A tile according to claim 1 wherein: the preparation raw material of the film covering agent also comprises 10-20 parts of antioxidant.
3. A tile according to claim 2 wherein: the antioxidant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: BHA60-80%, triisodecyl phosphite 20-40%, and other components 0-10%.
4. A tile according to claim 1 wherein: the ceramic tile body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of bentonite, 25-35 parts of granite powder, 23-35 parts of marble powder, 10-20 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of gypsum powder and 8-12 parts of water.
5. A tile according to claim 4 wherein: the preparation raw materials of the ceramic tile body also comprise 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent.
6. A tile according to claim 5 wherein: the pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate and graphite powder.
7. A process for the preparation of a ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, batching: weighing and proportioning the raw materials of the ceramic tile body and the film coating agent according to the formula proportion;
s2, mixing, ball-milling, injection molding, drying and demolding the raw materials of the ceramic tile body in the S1 to obtain a blank, and firing the blank at 1050-;
uniformly mixing the raw materials of the film coating agent in S1, and heating to 50-60 ℃ to obtain the film coating agent;
s3, coating: and coating the film coating agent on the surface of the ceramic tile body.
8. A process for the preparation of ceramic tiles according to claim 7, wherein: and in the step S3, the film coating agent is coated on the surface of the tile body for multiple times, the thickness of each coating is 0.5-1mm, and the interval of each coating is 30-40 min.
9. A process for the preparation of ceramic tiles according to claim 7, wherein: and the S2 is used for drying the demolded blank before firing the blank, wherein the drying temperature is 85-95 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20211029 |