CN113560345B - 一种采用直接轧制工艺生产tc4钛合金超宽板的方法 - Google Patents

一种采用直接轧制工艺生产tc4钛合金超宽板的方法 Download PDF

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CN113560345B
CN113560345B CN202110794704.0A CN202110794704A CN113560345B CN 113560345 B CN113560345 B CN 113560345B CN 202110794704 A CN202110794704 A CN 202110794704A CN 113560345 B CN113560345 B CN 113560345B
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田宇
隋松言
张友鹏
王小强
石威
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法,生产工艺流程为:EB铸锭、初次加热、初次轧制、冷却、再次加热、再次轧制、在线退火。采用TC4钛合金EB扁锭,经两火直接轧制,并通过对加热温度、轧制方向、单道次变形量、总变形量的控制以及合理的热处理制度,获得纵横向机械性能优异的TC4钛合金超宽板,宽度可达到3600‑4500mm,也可实现宽倍尺生产,并且具有α相+β相等轴组织,同时有效解决了边裂缺陷问题。具有流程短、成本低、成材率高、生产效率高,表面质量好,板幅宽以及纵横向机械性能差异小,组织优异,产品性能满足并高于国家标准要求,适于批量生产。

Description

一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有色金属材料制造领域,尤其涉及一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法。
背景技术
业内传统的TC4钛合金超宽板的生产方式为先将VAR圆锭通过多火锻造的方式获得钛坯,然后再经过板材轧机多火次轧制,从而获得成品的TC4钛合金超宽板,此工艺压缩比大,但成材率仅55%-65%。而采用EB熔炼的TC4扁锭经直接轧制的TC4钛合金板材,成材率可达75%以上,但压缩比小,通过退火处理后,常规力学性能可满足标准要求,但其组织为拉长的层状α相分布在β转变基体上;同时,在制备3600mm以上超宽板时,还会存在较为严重的板形翘曲及边裂缺陷。
专利CN104651767A,公布的一种医用TC4ELI钛合金中厚板的加工方法,采用传统工艺经锻造制坯后轧制为板材,分两火次轧制,加热温度均在β相变点之下。
专利CN103045906A,公布的一种高得料率低成本生产优质TC4合金热轧板工艺方法,采用了EB扁锭直接轧制工艺,经多火次才完成宽度约2000mm TC4钛合金中厚板的成品。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法,流程短、成本低、成材率高、生产效率高,表面质量好。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法,生产工艺流程为:EB铸锭、初次加热、初次轧制、冷却、再次加热、再次轧制、在线退火,具体包括以下步骤:
1)EB铸锭
选用一级海绵钛、Al-V中间合金、高纯度Al作为炉料,并压制电极;使用EB炉进行熔炼,得到厚宽长尺寸为(220-350)*(1200-2300)*(2500-5000)mm的TC4钛合金EB扁锭;
2)初次加热
修磨去除TC4钛合金EB扁锭两面氧化层后在连续式加热炉中进行初次加热,预热段700~900℃保温40~60min,加热段1100~1150℃保温120~180min,均热段1130~1150℃保温120~150min;加热炉出口温度控制在1130~1150℃;
3)初次轧制
采用宽幅中厚板轧机对钛合金EB扁锭进行往返轧制5~12道次,先横轧后纵轧,首道次压下率5~10%,之后以每道次压下率增加3-10%的阶梯轧制策略进行轧制,末道次压下率控制在0~10%,总压下率≥60%;轧机出口钛合金板坯料厚度为60~120mm;1050℃≤开轧温度≤1100℃,轧制结束温度为≥850℃;热矫直后,冷却至室温;
4)再次加热
经修磨去除表面缺陷后连续式加热炉中进行再次加热,预热段700~800℃保温40~60min,加热段920~950℃保温90~120min,均热段940~950℃保温60~90min;加热炉出口温度控制在940~950℃;
5)再次轧制
再次轧制前,关闭轧机输送辊道的冷却水、除鳞水;轧制时全程启用保温罩;采用宽幅中厚板轧机对钛合金板坯进行往返轧制6~15道次,先横轧后纵轧,横轧时,首道次压下率≥20%,之后以每道次压下率降低3-10%的阶梯轧制策略进行轧制;纵轧时,首道次压下率≥30%,之后以每道次压下率降低3-10%的阶梯轧制策略进行轧制,末道次压下率控制在0~5%,总压下率≥80%;轧机出口钛合金板材厚度为8~30mm;880℃≤开轧温度≤920℃,轧制结束温度为≥750℃;热矫直后,即转至罩式缓冷炉;
6)在线退火
利用钛合金板余温带温装至罩式缓冷炉完成在线退火,对轧制的钛合金板下铺上盖850~900℃热钢板,完成退火处理温度为800~880℃,退火时间为2~4h。
所述宽幅中厚板轧机为4300mm以上四辊可逆轧机。
所述钛合金超宽板的板宽为3600-4500mm。
与现有的技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明采用TC4钛合金EB扁锭,经两火直接轧制,并通过对加热温度、轧制方向、单道次变形量、总变形量的控制以及合理的热处理制度,获得纵横向机械性能优异的TC4钛合金超宽板,宽度可达到3600-4500mm,也可实现宽倍尺生产,并且具有α相+β相等轴组织,同时有效解决了边裂缺陷问题。具有流程短、成本低、成材率高、生产效率高,表面质量好,板幅宽以及纵横向机械性能差异小,组织优异,产品性能满足并高于国家标准要求,适于批量生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明:
以下实施例对本发明进行详细描述。这些实施例仅是对本发明的最佳实施方案进行描述,并不对本发明的范围进行限制。
实施例
一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法,EB铸锭的化学成分及其含量是:Al为6.206wt%,V为4.030wt%,Fe为0.08wt%,C为0.0128wt%,N为0.007wt%,H为0.005wt%,O为0.08wt%,其余为Ti及不可避免的杂质。具体轧制工艺包括以下步骤:
1)将厚度230mm,宽度1200mm,长度3500mm的EB扁锭在连续式加热炉进行加热,预热段700~900℃保温40min,加热段1100~1150℃保温120min,均热段1130~1150℃保温120min,加热炉出口温度控制在1130~1150℃。
2)高压水除磷箱压力调至16MPa进行除磷。采用4300mm四辊可逆轧机进行往返轧制6道次,前3道次为横轧、后3道次为纵轧。终轧温度为1000℃,各道次轧制量分别为20mm、30mm、34mm、35mm、33mm、3mm,轧制后厚度75mm,宽度1890mm,长度6813mm,然后进入热矫机进行矫直,冷却到室温。
3)修磨表面缺陷后,将厚度为70mm,宽度1890mm,长度3206mm的钛合金板坯在连续式加热炉进行加热,预热段700~800℃保温40min,加热段920~950℃保温90min,均热段940~950℃保温60min;加热炉出口温度控制在940~950℃。
4)采用4300mm四辊可逆轧机进行轧制,轧制前,关闭输送辊道冷却水、除鳞水,往返轧制7道次,前两个道次为横轧、后5道次为纵轧。终轧温度为800℃,各道次轧制量分别为20mm、18mm、8mm、6mm、4mm、2.5mm、0.8mm,轧制后厚度为8.5mm,宽度3675mm,长度13578mm。随后进行在线退火处理,退火温度850℃,保温时间2h,随炉冷却,然后进行冷矫直。
轧制后TC4钛合金板的板形良好符合国家标准的要求,其横向屈服强度为896MPa,抗拉强度962MPa,延伸率11.8%;纵向屈服强度为897MPa,抗拉强度964MPa,延伸率12.8%。性能满足TC4国家标准GB/T3621-2007和美国国家标准AMS 6945技术条件。

Claims (1)

1.一种采用直接轧制工艺生产TC4钛合金超宽板的方法,其特征在于,宽度可达到3600-4500mm,轧制后TC4钛合金板具有α相+β相等轴组织,横向屈服强度为896MPa,抗拉强度962MPa,延伸率11.8%;纵向屈服强度为897MPa,抗拉强度964MPa,延伸率12.8%;
EB铸锭的化学成分及其含量是:Al为6.206wt%,V为4.030wt%,Fe为0.08wt%,C为0.0128wt%,N为0.007wt%,H为0.005wt%,O为0.08wt%,其余为Ti及不可避免的杂质,具体轧制工艺包括以下步骤:
1)将厚度230mm,宽度1200mm,长度3500mm的EB扁锭在连续式加热炉进行加热,预热段700~900℃保温40min, 加热段1100~1150℃保温120min,均热段1130~1150℃保温120min,加热炉出口温度控制在1130~1150℃;
2)高压水除磷箱压力调至16MPa进行除磷,采用4300mm四辊可逆轧机进行往返轧制6道次,前3道次为横轧、后3道次为纵轧,终轧温度为1000℃,各道次轧制量分别为20mm、30mm、34mm、35mm、33mm、3mm,轧制后厚度75mm,宽度1890mm,长度6813mm,然后进入热矫机进行矫直,冷却到室温;
3)修磨表面缺陷后,将厚度为70mm,宽度1890mm,长度3206mm的钛合金板坯在连续式加热炉进行加热,预热段700~800℃保温40min, 加热段920~950℃保温90min, 均热段940~950℃ 保温60min;加热炉出口温度控制在940~950℃;
4)采用4300mm四辊可逆轧机进行轧制,轧制前,关闭输送辊道冷却水、除鳞水,往返轧制7道次,前两个道次为横轧、后5道次为纵轧,终轧温度为800℃,各道次轧制量分别为20mm、18mm、8mm、6mm、4mm、2.5mm、0.8mm,轧制后厚度为8.5mm,宽度3675mm,长度13578mm,随后进行在线退火处理,退火温度850℃,保温时间2h,随炉冷却,然后进行冷矫直。
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