CN113550068A - 一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113550068A
CN113550068A CN202110813821.7A CN202110813821A CN113550068A CN 113550068 A CN113550068 A CN 113550068A CN 202110813821 A CN202110813821 A CN 202110813821A CN 113550068 A CN113550068 A CN 113550068A
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China
Prior art keywords
fiber
melt
blown
ultra
soft composite
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CN202110813821.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
李世煌
巫朝胜
陈永恭
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Xiamen Yanjan New Material Co Ltd
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Xiamen Yanjan New Material Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110813821.7A priority Critical patent/CN113550068A/zh
Publication of CN113550068A publication Critical patent/CN113550068A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/074241 priority patent/WO2023000643A1/zh
Priority to US18/288,197 priority patent/US20240200245A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其为层状结构，所述柔软复合擦拭无纺布的两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网由纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，纤维的长径比为1100～8000的熔喷聚酯纤维组成，中间层纤维网主要由吸水纤维组成，所述两侧面层与中间纤维层的相邻层之间具有纤维交织穿插区域。与传统的聚丙烯熔喷纤维相比较，由于聚酯的刚性较大，容易形成较长的纤维，而较长的纤维有利于提升无纺布的手感，使得在用于擦拭用品时，与皮肤接触柔软舒适，不易受纤维断头刺激产生皮肤过敏。

Description

一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布领域，尤其涉及应用于个人护理、婴幼儿护理用的一种柔软舒适的擦拭用无纺布及其制造方法。
背景技术
擦拭用无纺布由于携带及收纳相当的方便，且使用便利，因此受到广大消费者的喜爱。目前，擦拭用无纺布多为水刺无纺布制品。较传统的布类擦拭巾，其生产方法方便，价格低廉，并且干湿均可使用。中国发明专利申请号为CN201610660119.0，专利名称：聚酯木浆湿法水刺材料，该发明专利涉及一种采用聚酯超短纤维、木浆为主要原料，经过湿法水刺工艺加工成型的水刺材料，由原材料重量百分比为10-80％的聚酯超短纤维、0-5％的加强型超短纤维、15-90％配比的经过磨浆分丝帚化的木浆混合而成。该材料是通过斜网水刺的成型方式将聚酯超短纤维、加强型超短纤维及木浆缠结在一起形成的，由于成型过程中是先湿法成型然后再水刺成型，湿法成型类似于纸张成型工艺，所以形成的材料的密度较大、手感生硬，柔软性差且湿强低，从而影响了将该材料用于擦拭巾时的使用效果，同时也减少了使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种柔软舒适，并且力学强度较大的复合擦拭无纺布及其制造方法，克服现有产品及生产方法的缺陷。
为实现上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：
一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其为层状结构，所述超柔复合擦拭无纺布的两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网由纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，纤维的长径比为1100～8000的熔喷聚酯纤维组成，中间层纤维网主要由吸水纤维组成，所述上、下表面层与中间纤维层的相邻层之间具有纤维交织穿插区域，其中，所述中间层纤维的重量占所述复合无纺布总重量的百分比大于65％，所述熔喷聚酯纤维由分子结构中含有酯键的树脂形成的，所述单个分子中酯键的含量为70～100，特性粘度[η]为0.50～0.68dL/g。
所述的熔喷聚酯纤维为单组分纤维、表面含有低熔点树脂的双组分熔喷纤维或两者相混合。
所述的双组份熔喷纤维为双组份皮芯型熔喷纤维、双组份橘瓣型熔喷纤维或双组份并列型熔喷纤维。
所述含有酯键的树脂为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯。
所述中间层纤维网中的吸水纤维主要由粘胶纤维、木浆纤维、单组分或双组份短纤维、其他天然纤维或它们的混合纤维组成。
所述吸水纤维中粘胶纤维的质量百分含量≥15％。
一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布的制造方法，其具体制造步骤为：
(1)吸水纤维通过梳理机将其梳理成纤维网或通过开松辊将其开松打散，在辅助气流的作用下通过喷管形成所述的中间纤维层，其中，所述的吸水纤维为粘胶纤维、木浆纤维、其他纤维或它们的混合纤维。
(2)将分子结构中含有酯键的树脂烘干，采用熔喷法工艺，将烘干后的树脂在螺杆挤出机中加热，熔融，然后在熔喷模头组件中利用热风气流将从喷丝板中喷出的溶体细流吹散成的纤维束，伴随气流形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网在中间层纤维网的两个侧面处相交汇，形成由两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网和中间层纤维网组成的多层结构纤维网，其中：分子结构中含有酯键的树脂中单个分子中酯键的含量为70～100，特性粘度为0.50～0.68dL/g，热风风压：0.3-3Mpa，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维的纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，纤维的长径比为1100～8000。
(3)所述的多层纤维网通过加热装置将纤维网固结在一起，形成由两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网和中间层纤维网组成的超柔复合擦拭无纺布。
所述的加热装置为热风烘箱、热轧辊或两者相结合。
采用上述结构及其制造方法，由于两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网的纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，熔喷聚酯纤维的长径比为1100～8000，与传统的聚丙烯熔喷纤维相比较，由于聚酯的刚性较大，容易形成较长的纤维，而较长的纤维有利于提升无纺布的手感，使得在用于擦拭用品时，与皮肤接触柔软舒适，不易受纤维断头刺激产生皮肤过敏；并且由于熔喷聚酯纤维的长径比较大，纤维直径较小，因此形成的擦拭无纺布表层纤维排列致密，使得中间层纤维时不易从两侧面熔喷聚酯纤维网孔隙中钻出，防止“掉毛、掉屑”现在发生；同时，力学性能较好，在使用过程中可以抗撕裂，也提高了其使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中超柔复合擦拭无纺布的制造示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1中超柔复合擦拭无纺布的剖面图；
图3为本发明实施例2中超柔复合擦拭无纺布的制造示意图；
图4为本发明实施例2中超柔复合擦拭无纺布的剖面图。
具体实施方式
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来对本发明进行详细阐述。
实施例1
如图1、图2所示，将粘胶纤维通过梳理机A1，将其梳理成粘胶纤维纤维网11，在辅助气流的作用下通过喷管B1形成由粘胶纤维组成的中间层纤维网13。
将单个分子中酯键的含量为80个，特性粘度为0.55dL/g的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇树脂烘干，采用熔喷法工艺，将烘干后的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇树脂在螺杆挤出机(图中未显示)中加热，熔融，然后在熔喷模头组件C1、C1’中利用热风气流a1、a1’将从喷丝板D1、D1’中喷出的溶体细流吹散成很细的纤维束，伴随气流形成主要由熔喷聚酯纤维组成的熔喷聚酯纤维网12、12’，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网12、12’在中间层纤维网13的两个侧面处相交汇，形成由两侧熔喷聚酯纤维网12、12’和中间层纤维网13组成的多层结构纤维网，其中：热风风压：2.5Mpa，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维的纤维长度为：25mm，纤维的长径比为3800；熔喷聚酯纤维为单组分聚酯纤维，也可以为表面含有低熔点树脂的双组份皮芯型熔喷纤维、双组份橘瓣型熔喷纤维或双组份并列型熔喷纤维或它们相混合；粘胶纤维的重量占复合擦拭无纺布总重量的百分比为73％。
所述的多层纤维网通过一对压花辊E1将纤维网固结在一起，形成两侧面层为熔喷聚酯纤维网12和12’，中间层纤维网13是粘胶纤维网11的超柔复合擦拭无纺布14，其中，熔喷聚酯纤维网12、12’和中间层纤维网13相邻层之间具有纤维交织穿插区域。
实施例2
如图3、图4所示，将粘胶纤维通过梳理机A2，将其梳理成粘胶纤维网21，木浆纤维22通过开松辊F2，将其开松打散，并与粘胶纤维网21相混合后，在辅助气流的作用下通过喷管B2形成主要由粘胶纤维和木浆纤维组成的中间层纤维网24。
将单个分子中酯键的含量为100个，特性粘度为0.68dl/g的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇树脂烘干，采用熔喷法工艺，将烘干后的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇树脂在螺杆挤出机(图中未显示)中加热，熔融，然后在熔喷模头组件C2、C2’中利用热风气流a2、a2’将从喷丝板D2、D2’中喷出的溶体细流吹散成很细的纤维束，伴随气流形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网23、23’，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网23、23’在中间层纤维网24的两个侧面处相交汇，形成由两侧熔喷聚酯纤维网23、23’和中间层纤维网24组成的多层结构纤维网，其中：热风风压：1.5Mpa，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维的纤维长度为：47mm，纤维的长径比为6900；熔喷聚酯纤维为双组分皮芯型熔喷纤维，也可以为单组分熔喷纤维、表面含有低熔点树脂的双组份橘瓣型熔喷纤维或双组份并列型熔喷纤维或它们相混合；粘胶纤维的重量占复合擦拭无纺布总重量的百分比为80％。
所述的多层纤维网先通过热风烘箱G2使得两侧面层双组份皮芯型熔喷纤维的表层可以在热风作用下熔融，并与相邻的纤维之间相互粘结在一起，然后再通过一对压花辊E2将纤维网固结在一起，形成两侧面层为熔喷聚酯纤维网23和23’，中间层纤维网24是由粘胶纤维网21和木浆纤维22共混后组成的超柔复合擦拭无纺布25，其中，熔喷聚酯纤维网23、23’和中间层纤维网24相邻层之间具有纤维交织穿插区域。
力学性能测试
通过XLW-100N智能电子拉力试验机进行拉伸强度检测，测试参数如下所示：
MD纵向方向：样品宽度：50mm，夹距：200mm，拉伸速度：100m/min
CD横向方向：样品宽度：50mm,夹距：100mm，拉伸速度：100m/min
掉粉率测试
仪器：掉粉率测定仪、天平
参考测试标准：GB/T 20810-2018卫生纸附录B掉粉率的测定
测试步骤：
1、取约150g样品，用天平称其重量计为m1，将样品折叠成长度为200mm的试样，折叠时长边方向保持平齐。
2、将取好的试样长边一端固定在试样夹上，固定时应使试样的表面垂直于摆动方向，并确保测定过程中试样不应与箱体内壁接触。
3、启动仪器，让试样在箱体内摆动2min，往返摆动次数：180±10次/min，摆动距离：100±5mm。
4、试验结束后，关闭仪器，取下试样，称量试样质量计为m2。
5、试样的掉粉率按下式计算：
Figure BDA0003169474040000061
式中：
X—试样的掉粉率，％；
m1—试样处理前的质量，单位为克(g)；
m2—试样处理后的质量，单位为克(g)；
纤维长径比测试
纤维的长径比是衡量纤维表观形态结构的一个重要的指标，纤维长径比对纤维的成网及产品的成形结构有着很大的影响。
仪器：直尺、基恩士VHX-6000超景深3D数码显微镜
测试步骤：
①采用直尺测试纤维的长度；
②使用基恩士VHX-6000超景深3D数码显微镜对纤维进行拍摄；
③然后使用其测量软件对样品的图片进行测量，点击VHX菜单中[测量·标尺]截面中的平面测量，即可对图片进行尺寸测量；
④每种样品测量20组，得到纤维的长度L和直径d。
⑤纤维长径比计算：
Figure BDA0003169474040000071
L——纤维长度，mm
d——纤维直径，μm
柔软度测试
测试仪器：Handle-O-Meter柔软度测试仪
测试样品：100mm×50mm，5片
测试步骤：调整狭缝宽度，拧松平台四个螺丝，放入选择的狭缝模具(宽度5mm)，调整平台，模具槽与刀片对齐。将样品放置在测试平台上，处于刀片下方，同时测试方向与狭缝口垂直，测试位置为样品1/3位置处，合上保护盖，开始测试，刀片向下移动，将样品压入平台狭缝处。仪器记录该过程中产生的最大力值。
采用上述测试项目和方法，分别检测并评定实施例1和实施例2中所生产的超柔复合擦拭无纺布和常规擦拭无纺布，所述的常规擦拭无纺布为聚酯木浆水刺无纺布和两侧面层为聚丙烯熔喷纤维网，中间层为木浆的聚丙烯木浆熔喷无纺布。
Figure BDA0003169474040000081
从以上测试数据可以看出，在柔软度测试中，常规的聚酯木浆水刺无纺布中聚酯的长径比较大，纤维直径加大，因此柔软度偏低，而实施例1和实施例2中的样品的两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网中纤维的长径比较大，且纤维长度较长，有利于纤维排列致密，减少纤维断头量，从而大大提高了无纺布的柔软度。并且使得中间层纤维时不易从两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网的孔隙中钻出，防止“掉毛、掉屑”现象发生；同时，中间层纤维也可以加入单组分或双组份短纤维、天然纤维等其他纤维，其他纤维的加入赋予复合擦拭无纺布更多的特性，例如加入单组分或双组份短纤维，如PET短纤维或PE/PP短纤维的加入可以进一步减少超柔复合擦拭无纺布的掉粉率，防止掉毛，而天然纤维，如棉纤维的加入可以增加超柔复合擦拭无纺布的柔软亲肤性。另外，从拉伸强度测试数据来看，由于聚丙烯木浆熔喷无纺布的两侧面层中的聚丙烯纤维的纤维长度较短，纤维刚性小，且纤维之间粘结不紧密，因此实施例1和实施例2中的样品与聚丙烯木浆熔喷无纺布相比较，力学性能较好，在使用过程中可以抗撕裂，也提高了其使用寿命。

Claims (8)

1.一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其为层状结构，其特征在于：所述超柔复合擦拭无纺布的两侧面层为熔喷聚酯纤维网，所述熔喷聚酯纤维网由纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，纤维的长径比为1100～8000的熔喷聚酯纤维组成，中间层纤维网主要由吸水纤维组成，所述两侧面层与中间纤维层的相邻层之间具有纤维交织穿插区域，其中，所述中间层纤维的重量占所述复合无纺布总重量的百分比大于65%，所述熔喷聚酯纤维由分子结构中含有酯键的树脂形成的，所述单个分子中酯键的含量为70～100，特性粘度为0.50～0.68dL/g。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其特征在于：所述的熔喷聚酯纤维为单组分纤维、表面含有低熔点树脂的双组分熔喷纤维或两者相混合。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其特征在于：所述的双组份熔喷纤维为双组份皮芯型熔喷纤维、双组份橘瓣型熔喷纤维或双组份并列型熔喷纤维。
4.如权利要1中所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其特征在于：所述为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其特征在于：所述中间层纤维网中的吸水纤维为粘胶纤维、木浆纤维、单组分或双组份短纤维、其他天然纤维或它们的混合纤维。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布，其特征在于：所述吸水纤维中粘胶纤维的质量百分含量≥15%。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的超柔复合擦拭无纺布的制造方法，其特征在于，具体制造步骤为：
（1）吸水纤维通过梳理机将其梳理成纤维网或通过开松辊将其开松打散，在辅助气流的作用下通过喷管形成所述的中间纤维层，其中，所述的吸水纤维为粘胶纤维、木浆纤维、其他纤维或它们的混合纤维；
（2）将分子结构中含有酯键的树脂烘干，采用熔喷法工艺，将烘干后的树脂在螺杆挤出机中加热，熔融，然后在熔喷模头组件中利用热风气流将从喷丝板中喷出的溶体细流吹散成纤维束，伴随气流形成主要由熔喷聚酯纤维组成的熔喷聚酯纤维网，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维网在中间层纤维网的两个侧面处相交汇，形成由两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网和中间层纤维网组成的多层纤维网，其中：分子结构中含有酯键的树脂中单个分子中酯键的含量为70～100，特性粘度为0.50～0.68dL/g，热风风压：0.3-3Mpa，形成的熔喷聚酯纤维的纤维长度为：10mm～50mm，纤维的长径比为1100～8000；
（3）所述的多层纤维网通过加热装置将纤维网固结在一起，形成由两侧面层熔喷聚酯纤维网和中间层纤维网组成的超柔复合擦拭无纺布。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种超柔复合擦拭无纺布的制造方法，其特征在于：所述的加热装置为热风烘箱、热轧辊或两者相结合。
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