CN113549795A - High-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit and production process - Google Patents
High-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113549795A CN113549795A CN202110317568.6A CN202110317568A CN113549795A CN 113549795 A CN113549795 A CN 113549795A CN 202110317568 A CN202110317568 A CN 202110317568A CN 113549795 A CN113549795 A CN 113549795A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to a high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit and a production process thereof. The aluminum alloy product comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: s i: 0.70-0.90%; mg: 0.90-1.20%; cu: 0.20-0.40%; cr: 0.10 to 0.16 percent; mn: 0.21-0.26%; zr: 0.13 to 0.18 percent; y: 0.04-0.08%; t i: 0.04-0.07%; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. The production process comprises multiple procedures of smelting, refining, online refining, ultrasonic semi-continuous casting, casting blank homogenizing treatment, extrusion forming, heating aging treatment and the like. The aluminum alloy produced by the process has high strength and toughness and strong corrosion resistance, and can meet the requirements of the rail transit field on high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to a high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit and a production process thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is a light material with excellent performance and has wide application prospect in the field of rail transit. Aluminum alloy materials are receiving more and more attention due to their advantages of small density, high strength, good corrosion resistance, easy surface processing and coating, etc.
The aluminum alloy vehicle body structural member for rail transit vehicles such as high-speed trains, subways, light rails and the like is processed and manufactured by adopting large thin-wall hollow extruded sections and aluminum alloy plates, and the in-train equipment such as side walls, inner and outer end walls, door column covers, seats, water tanks and the like and other structural members are manufactured by adopting aluminum alloy, so that the aluminum alloy vehicle body structural member has excellent performances of light weight, corrosion resistance, attractiveness, coating prevention and the like. However, the aluminum alloy material for rail transit needs to have higher strength and higher toughness, and the aluminum alloy material on the market at present does not meet the requirement of rail transit on high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy for the time being.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit, which has higher strength and toughness and strong corrosion resistance capability and can meet the requirements of the rail transit field on the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.70-0.90%; mg: 0.90-1.20%; cu: 0.20-0.40%; cr: 0.10 to 0.16 percent; mn: 0.21-0.26%; zr: 0.13 to 0.18 percent; y: 0.04-0.08%; ti: 0.04-0.07%; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
As a further improvement of the invention, the aluminum alloy product comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.75-0.85%; mg: 0.95 to 1.15 percent; cu: 0.25-0.35%; cr: 0.13 to 0.15 percent; mn: 0.23-0.25%; zr: 0.14-0.16%; y: 0.05-0.07%; ti: 0.05 to 0.06 percent; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
In addition, the invention also provides a production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit, and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the mass of each raw material according to the element formula, adding the electrolytic aluminum liquid into the smelting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to be 755-: 0.70-0.90%; cu: 0.20-0.40%; cr: 0.10 to 0.16 percent; mn: 0.21-0.26%; zr: 0.13 to 0.18 percent; y: 0.04-0.08%; ti: 0.05-0.06%, stirring and melting into aluminum alloy liquid;
(2) magnetically stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 13-15min, standing for 8-10min, stirring again, circularly stirring, standing until the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is reduced to 730-: 0.95-1.15%, stirring until the magnesium ingot is completely melted;
(3) adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the dosage of the refining agent is 0.35-0.45Kg per ton of the aluminum alloy liquid, spraying powder and refining for 14-16min, removing surface scum, and then sampling and analyzing the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) Calculating and supplementing simple substance metal and/or intermediate alloy according to the analysis result, and stirring for 6-8min at the temperature of 750-760 ℃;
(5) blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace for 16-20min by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace after slagging off, reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid to 715-725 ℃, and standing for 20-25 min;
(6) adding a grain refiner into the aluminum alloy liquid after standing for online refining;
(7) online degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after online refining, and removing impurities through a two-stage ceramic filter plate;
(8) carrying out ultrasonic semi-continuous casting on the aluminum alloy liquid after impurity removal to obtain a casting blank;
(9) raising the temperature of the casting blank to 480-520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, then reducing the temperature of the casting blank to 110-130 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 50-60min, and transferring the casting blank into a room temperature environment to naturally recover to the room temperature after the treatment is finished;
(10) heating the casting blank, carrying out hot extrusion molding, and carrying out quenching treatment after heat preservation for 1-1.5 h;
(11) and (4) heating and aging the aluminum alloy treated in the step (10), and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a finished product.
As a further improvement of the invention, the refining agent in the step (3) is a sodium-free refining agent.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grain refiner in the step (6) is Al-5Ti-B grain refiner.
As a further improvement of the invention, the degassing medium for the in-line degassing in the step (7) is argon gas with the purity of 99.99 percent, and the double-stage ceramic filter plate consists of a 40ppi +60ppi foamed ceramic filter plate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic semi-continuous casting in the step (8) is 18-22kHZ, the ultrasonic power is 750-850W, the casting temperature is 730-750 ℃, and the casting speed is 70-80 mm/min.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step (10), the casting blank is heated to 480-500 ℃ for extrusion treatment, and the extrusion speed is 12-14 m/min.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heat aging in the step (11) is a double-stage aging treatment comprising the following steps: the first stage aging temperature is 330-350 ℃, the time is 4-5h, the second stage aging temperature is 180-195 ℃, and the time is 2-3 h.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, on the basis of an Al-Cu-Mg-Mn main alloy element system, alloying elements such as zirconium (Zr), chromium (Cr), yttrium (Y) and the like are added, and the generated alloy compound is dispersed and distributed in a matrix grain boundary and can refine grains, so that the room temperature strength and the high temperature strength of the aluminum alloy are improved, particularly the tensile strength and the yield limit of the aluminum alloy are improved, the quenching sensitivity of the alloy can be improved, namely recrystallization is inhibited, and Al2CuMg dissolution is promoted, so that the toughness and the corrosion resistance of the alloy are improved;
In the aluminum alloy, the added yttrium (Y) and zirconium (Zr) have the synergistic strengthening and grain refinement effects, so that the grains can be refined during the casting of the aluminum alloy, the number of effective shape nuclei in unit volume is increased, the transformation of columnar crystal orientation equiaxial crystals is promoted, the recrystallization structure is controlled, the secondary spacing is reduced, the gas and impurities in the alloy are reduced, and the impurity phase tends to be spheroidized; therefore, the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy is more uniform, the generation of structural defects is reduced, and the fatigue resistance and the corrosion resistance of the alloy are obviously improved;
in addition, the crystal grain refiner is added to provide an effective nucleation core, which is beneficial to the transformation of an alloy solidification structure from dendritic crystal to spherical crystal, thereby refining product crystal grains, providing mechanical property and reducing casting cracks;
in the production process, by controlling the adding sequence of the simple substance metal and/or the intermediate alloy, and the steps of twice refining, online refining, ultrasonic semi-continuous casting, casting blank homogenizing treatment, extrusion forming, heating aging treatment and the like, the finally obtained plate has a more uniform and compact microstructure, so that the prepared aluminum alloy has higher strength and toughness, the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is improved, and the requirements of the rail transit field on the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy can be met.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.70 percent; mg: 0.90 percent; cu: 0.20 percent; cr: 0.10 percent; mn: 0.21 percent; zr: 0.13 percent; y: 0.04 percent; ti: 0.04 percent; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
In addition, the invention also provides a production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit, and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the mass of each raw material according to the element formula, adding the electrolytic aluminum liquid into the smelting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to be 755-: 0.70 percent; cu: 0.20 percent; cr: 0.10 percent; mn: 0.21 percent; zr: 0.13 percent; y: 0.04 percent; ti: 0.04 percent of the aluminum alloy liquid is obtained by stirring and melting;
(2) magnetically stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 13min, standing for 8min, stirring again, circularly stirring and standing until the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is reduced to 730 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged, removing dross on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and then adding Mg: 0.95 percent, stirring until the magnesium ingot is completely melted;
(3) Adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the dosage of the refining agent is 0.35Kg per ton of the aluminum alloy liquid, spraying powder and refining for 14-16min, removing floating slag on the surface, and then sampling and analyzing the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) calculating and supplementing simple substance metal and/or intermediate alloy according to the analysis result, and stirring for 6min at the temperature of 750 ℃;
(5) blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace for 16min by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace after slagging off, reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid by 715 ℃, and standing for 20 min;
(6) adding a grain refiner into the aluminum alloy liquid after standing for online refining;
(7) online degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after online refining, and removing impurities through a two-stage ceramic filter plate;
(8) carrying out ultrasonic semi-continuous casting on the aluminum alloy liquid after impurity removal to obtain a casting blank;
(9) raising the temperature of the casting blank to 480 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, then reducing the temperature of the casting blank to 110 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 50min, and transferring the casting blank to a room temperature environment to naturally recover to the room temperature after the treatment is finished;
(10) heating the casting blank, carrying out hot extrusion molding, and carrying out quenching treatment after heat preservation for 1 h;
(11) and (4) heating and aging the aluminum alloy treated in the step (10), and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the refining agent in the step (3) is a sodium-free refining agent.
Wherein the grain refiner in the step (6) is an Al-5Ti-B grain refiner.
Wherein, the degassing medium for on-line degassing in the step (7) is argon with the purity of 99.99 percent, and the double-stage ceramic filter plate consists of a 40ppi +60ppi foamed ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic semi-continuous casting in the step (8) is 18kHZ, the ultrasonic power is 750W, the casting temperature is 730 ℃, and the casting speed is 70 mm/min.
Wherein, the casting blank is heated to 480 ℃ in the step (10) and is extruded at the extrusion speed of 12 m/min.
Wherein the heating aging in the step (11) is a two-stage aging treatment comprising: the first stage aging temperature is 330 ℃ and the time is 4h, and the second stage aging temperature is 180 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
Example 2
The high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.90 percent; mg: 1.20 percent; cu: 0.40 percent; cr: 0.16 percent; mn: 0.26 percent; zr: 0.18 percent; y: 0.08 percent; ti: 0.07 percent; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
In addition, the invention also provides a production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit, and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Calculating the mass of each raw material according to the element formula, adding electrolytic aluminum liquid into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 765 ℃, and then adding Si: 0.90 percent; cu: 0.40 percent; cr: 0.16 percent; mn: 0.26 percent; zr: 0.18 percent; y: 0.08 percent; ti: 0.07 percent of the aluminum alloy liquid is melted by stirring;
(2) magnetically stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 15min, standing for 10min, stirring again, circularly stirring and standing until the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is reduced to 740 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged, removing dross on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and then adding Mg: 1.15 percent, stirring until the magnesium ingot is completely melted;
(3) adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the dosage of the refining agent is 0.45Kg per ton of the aluminum alloy liquid, spraying powder and refining for 14-16min, removing floating slag on the surface, and then sampling and analyzing the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) calculating and supplementing simple substance metal and/or intermediate alloy according to the analysis result, and stirring for 6-8min at the temperature of 760 ℃;
(5) blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace for 16-20min by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace after slagging off, reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid by 715-725 ℃, and standing for 25 min;
(6) adding a grain refiner into the aluminum alloy liquid after standing for online refining;
(7) Online degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after online refining, and removing impurities through a two-stage ceramic filter plate;
(8) carrying out ultrasonic semi-continuous casting on the aluminum alloy liquid after impurity removal to obtain a casting blank;
(9) raising the temperature of the casting blank to 520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, then lowering the temperature of the casting blank to 130 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 60min, and transferring the casting blank to a room temperature environment to naturally recover to the room temperature after the treatment is finished;
(10) heating the casting blank, carrying out hot extrusion molding, and carrying out quenching treatment after heat preservation for 1.5 h;
(11) and (4) heating and aging the aluminum alloy treated in the step (10), and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the refining agent in the step (3) is a sodium-free refining agent.
Wherein the grain refiner in the step (6) is an Al-5Ti-B grain refiner.
Wherein, the degassing medium for on-line degassing in the step (7) is argon with the purity of 99.99 percent, and the double-stage ceramic filter plate consists of a 40ppi +60ppi foamed ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic semi-continuous casting in the step (8) is 22kHZ, the ultrasonic power is 850W, the casting temperature is 750 ℃, and the casting speed is 80 mm/min.
Wherein, the casting blank is heated to 500 ℃ in the step (10) and is extruded at the extrusion speed of 14 m/min.
Wherein the heating aging in the step (11) is a two-stage aging treatment comprising: the first stage aging temperature is 350 ℃ and the time is 5h, and the second stage aging temperature is 195 ℃ and the time is 3 h.
Example 3
The high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.80 percent; mg: 0.10 percent; cu: 0.30 percent; cr: 0.13 percent; mn: 0.23 percent; zr: 0.15 percent; y: 0.06 percent; ti: 0.06 percent; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
In addition, the invention also provides a production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit, and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the mass of each raw material according to the element formula, adding electrolytic aluminum liquid into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 765 ℃, and then adding Si: 0.80 percent; cu: 0.30 percent; cr: 0.13 percent; mn: 0.23 percent; zr: 0.15 percent; y: 0.06 percent; ti: 0.06 percent of aluminum alloy liquid is obtained by stirring and melting;
(2) magnetically stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 14min, standing for 9min, stirring again, circularly stirring and standing until the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is reduced to 735 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged, removing dross on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and then adding Mg: 0.10 percent of magnesium ingot is stirred until the magnesium ingot is completely melted;
(3) Adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the dosage of the refining agent is 0.40Kg per ton of the aluminum alloy liquid, spraying powder and refining for 14-16min, removing floating slag on the surface, and then sampling and analyzing the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) calculating and supplementing simple substance metal and/or intermediate alloy according to the analysis result, and stirring for 7min at the temperature of 755 ℃;
(5) blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace for 18min by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace after slagging off, reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid by 720 ℃, and standing for 23 min;
(6) adding a grain refiner into the aluminum alloy liquid after standing for online refining;
(7) online degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after online refining, and removing impurities through a two-stage ceramic filter plate;
(8) carrying out ultrasonic semi-continuous casting on the aluminum alloy liquid after impurity removal to obtain a casting blank;
(9) raising the temperature of the casting blank to 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, then lowering the temperature of the casting blank to 120 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 55min, and transferring the casting blank to a room temperature environment to naturally recover to the room temperature after the treatment is finished;
(10) heating the casting blank, carrying out hot extrusion molding, and carrying out quenching treatment after heat preservation for 1.3 h;
(11) and (4) heating and aging the aluminum alloy treated in the step (10), and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the refining agent in the step (3) is a sodium-free refining agent.
Wherein the grain refiner in the step (6) is an Al-5Ti-B grain refiner.
Wherein, the degassing medium for on-line degassing in the step (7) is argon with the purity of 99.99 percent, and the double-stage ceramic filter plate consists of a 40ppi +60ppi foamed ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic semi-continuous casting in the step (8) is 20kHZ, the ultrasonic power is 800W, the casting temperature is 740 ℃, and the casting speed is 75 mm/min.
Wherein, the casting blank is heated to 490 ℃ in the step (10) to be extruded, and the extrusion speed is 13 m/min.
Wherein the heating aging in the step (11) is a two-stage aging treatment comprising: the first stage aging temperature is 340 ℃, the time is 4.5h, the second stage aging temperature is 188 ℃, and the time is 2.5 h.
Performance testing
According to the test methods in GB/T1173-1995 cast aluminum alloy and GB/T8733-2007 cast aluminum alloy ingot, the performance of the aluminum alloy product produced in the embodiment is tested, and a 6082 aluminum alloy is used as a comparison group to carry out a comparison test in the test process, so that the following test data are obtained as follows:
analysis of the above experimental data shows that the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and the like of the aluminum alloy provided by the embodiment are all higher than 6082, so that the aluminum alloy provided by the embodiment can be used in the field of rail transit, and can meet the requirements of the field of rail transit on high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloys.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy product comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.70-0.90%; mg: 0.90-1.20%; cu: 0.20-0.40%; cr: 0.10 to 0.16 percent; mn: 0.21-0.26%; zr: 0.13 to 0.18 percent; y: 0.04-0.08%; ti: 0.04-0.07%; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
2. The high strength, high toughness aluminum alloy for rail traffic of claim 1 wherein: the aluminum alloy product comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si: 0.75-0.85%; mg: 0.95 to 1.15 percent; cu: 0.25-0.35%; cr: 0.13 to 0.15 percent; mn: 0.23-0.25%; zr: 0.14-0.16%; y: 0.05-0.07%; ti: 0.05 to 0.06 percent; the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
3. A production process for producing the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the preparation process of the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the mass of each raw material according to the element formula, adding the electrolytic aluminum liquid into the smelting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to be 755-: 0.70-0.90%; cu: 0.20-0.40%; cr: 0.10 to 0.16 percent; mn: 0.21-0.26%; zr: 0.13 to 0.18 percent; y: 0.04-0.08%; ti: 0.05-0.06%, stirring and melting into aluminum alloy liquid;
(2) magnetically stirring the aluminum alloy liquid for 13-15min, standing for 8-10min, stirring again, circularly stirring, standing until the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is reduced to 730-: 0.95-1.15%, stirring until the magnesium ingot is completely melted;
(3) adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the dosage of the refining agent is 0.35-0.45Kg per ton of the aluminum alloy liquid, spraying powder and refining for 14-16min, removing surface scum, and then sampling and analyzing the components of the alloy liquid;
(4) calculating and supplementing simple substance metal and/or intermediate alloy according to the analysis result, and stirring for 6-8min at the temperature of 750-760 ℃;
(5) blowing and refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace for 16-20min by using argon with the purity of 99.9 percent, discharging the aluminum alloy liquid in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace after slagging off, reducing the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid to 715-725 ℃, and standing for 20-25 min;
(6) Adding a grain refiner into the aluminum alloy liquid after standing for online refining;
(7) online degassing the aluminum alloy liquid after online refining, and removing impurities through a two-stage ceramic filter plate;
(8) carrying out ultrasonic semi-continuous casting on the aluminum alloy liquid after impurity removal to obtain a casting blank;
(9) raising the temperature of the casting blank to 480-520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, then reducing the temperature of the casting blank to 110-130 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 50-60min, and transferring the casting blank into a room temperature environment to naturally recover to the room temperature after the treatment is finished;
(10) heating the casting blank, carrying out hot extrusion molding, and carrying out quenching treatment after heat preservation for 1-1.5 h;
(11) and (4) heating and aging the aluminum alloy treated in the step (10), and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a finished product.
4. The process for producing the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refining agent in the step (3) is a sodium-free refining agent.
5. The process for producing the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grain refiner in the step (6) is Al-5Ti-B grain refiner.
6. The process for producing the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the degassing medium for on-line degassing in the step (7) is argon gas with purity of 99.99%, and the double-stage ceramic filter plate is composed of a 40ppi +60ppi foamed ceramic filter plate.
7. The production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic semi-continuous casting in the step (8) is 18-22kHZ, the ultrasonic power is 750-.
8. The process for producing the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (10), the casting blank is heated to 480-500 ℃ for extrusion at a speed of 12-14 m/min.
9. The production process of the high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heating aging in the step (11) is a two-stage aging treatment comprising the following steps: the first stage aging temperature is 330-350 ℃, the time is 4-5h, the second stage aging temperature is 180-195 ℃, and the time is 2-3 h.
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| CN202110317568.6A Pending CN113549795A (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2021-03-25 | High-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy for rail transit and production process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114134375A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-04 | 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 | Stress corrosion resistant Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114540650A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-27 | 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 | Profile welding process |
| CN114790526A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-26 | 山东伟盛铝业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy for blades of large axial flow fan and production process of section bar of high-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN114959380A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 山东裕航特种合金装备有限公司 | Preparation process of marine aluminum alloy with width exceeding 400mm |
| CN115852217A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 广东兴发铝业有限公司 | High-strength easily-extruded aluminum alloy and section extrusion method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114134375A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-04 | 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 | Stress corrosion resistant Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114540650A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-27 | 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 | Profile welding process |
| CN114790526A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-26 | 山东伟盛铝业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy for blades of large axial flow fan and production process of section bar of high-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN114959380A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 山东裕航特种合金装备有限公司 | Preparation process of marine aluminum alloy with width exceeding 400mm |
| CN115852217A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 广东兴发铝业有限公司 | High-strength easily-extruded aluminum alloy and section extrusion method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211026 |