CN113545444A - Preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour - Google Patents
Preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour Download PDFInfo
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- CN113545444A CN113545444A CN202110825009.6A CN202110825009A CN113545444A CN 113545444 A CN113545444 A CN 113545444A CN 202110825009 A CN202110825009 A CN 202110825009A CN 113545444 A CN113545444 A CN 113545444A
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- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 182
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 selenocarrageenan Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC(=O)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3O)=CC=C21 PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209763 Avena sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007558 Avena sp Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001881 sodium selenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018716 sodium selenate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011655 sodium selenate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010074686 Selenoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000008114 Selenoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/20—Malt products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of malt flour, in particular to a preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour, which comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, uniformly mixing wheat seeds with a low-concentration selenium-containing solution with the selenium concentration of 0.001-0.01%, then draining excessive water, and culturing the wheat seeds until the wheat seeds germinate to obtain the malt A. (2) And (2) regularly spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding a selenium-containing solution, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and continuously culturing the malt to obtain the malt B. (3) And washing the malt B with clear water, drying, and then crushing to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder. The improved process is adopted and the absorbent is added, so that the organic selenium proportion of the malt flour can be effectively improved, the utilization rate of a human body on the selenium malt flour is improved, and the selenium supplementing effect of the selenium malt flour is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of malt flour, in particular to a preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour.
Background
The information disclosed in this background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
According to the regulation of the world health organization, each person must take 50-200 micrograms of selenium every day, selenium malt is a selenium supplement product rich in natural organic selenium, and the malt can be used as an active carrier for selenium conversion to absorb inorganic selenium and then enrich the selenium on molecules such as amino acid, protein and the like contained in the malt through the absorption and conversion effects in the germination process so as to be convenient for absorption and utilization by the human body. The research shows that: compared with inorganic selenium, the organic selenium is easier to be absorbed by human tissues and participates in the life metabolic activity of human bodies, and daily quantitative selenium supplement has certain benefits for preventing selenium deficiency, sub-health, cancers, excessive heavy metals and toxins in the bodies and the like.
At present, the process for preparing selenium malt mainly comprises the steps of soaking wheat in a solution containing inorganic selenium to enable the wheat to absorb selenium elements, and then accelerating germination to obtain the selenium malt. However, the selenium element in the selenium malt obtained by the method mainly exists in the form of inorganic selenium, only a small part of selenium element is converted into organic selenium in the malt, and the inorganic selenium is not easy to be absorbed and utilized by human bodies, so that the selenium supplementing effect of the selenium malt powder is reduced. In addition, the method is not beneficial to the absorption of inorganic selenium by the malt, and is also an important reason for the lower content of organic selenium in the malt, so that the overall process efficiency is still required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour, which adopts an improved process and is supplemented with an absorbent, so that the organic selenium proportion of the malt flour can be effectively improved, the utilization rate of a human body on the selenium malt flour is improved, and the selenium supplementing effect of the selenium malt flour is improved. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly stirring the wheat seeds and the selenium-containing solution, then draining the excessive water, and culturing the wheat seeds until the wheat seeds germinate to obtain the malt A.
(2) And (2) spraying a compound aqueous solution on the malt A at regular intervals, wherein the selenium-containing compound aqueous solution is formed by compounding sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and continuously culturing the malt to obtain the malt B.
(3) And washing the malt B with clear water, drying, and then crushing to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Further, in the step (1), the selenium-containing solution is composed of one or more of sodium selenite, selenocarrageenan, sodium selenate and L-selenium-methyl selenocysteine.
Further, in the step (1), the mass concentration of the selenium-containing solution is between 0.001% and 0.01% in terms of selenium.
Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the selenium-containing solution to the wheat seeds is 1: 3.5-5. By mixing the low-concentration sodium selenite solution with the wheat seeds, the selenium element required by the wheat seeds in the initial germination stage can be obtained, and a large amount of inorganic selenium which cannot be utilized is not left in the wheat seeds due to the fact that the wheat seeds are soaked in the sodium selenite solution like the traditional process. Meanwhile, the influence on the development of the malt due to the excessive concentration of the sodium selenite solution in the germination process can be ensured.
Further, in the step (1), the wheat seeds comprise at least one of barley, wheat and oat. Wheat is preferably used as wheat seeds, and vitamin E in the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution can improve the absorption and utilization of selenium.
Further, in the step (1), the culture temperature is 20-25 ℃, clear water is sprayed every 4-5 hours in the culture process, and the wheat seeds are cultured until more than 70% germinate, so that the malt A is obtained.
Further, in the step (2), the selenium-containing solution and the ferrous sulfate in the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution have mass concentrations of 0.01-0.03% and 0.05-0.1%, respectively, and the concentration volume of the vitamin E is 1-1.5 × 103IU/ L。
Further, in the step (2), the culture temperature is 20-25 ℃, selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is sprayed every 4-5 hours in the culture process, and the malt is cultured to be more than 2cm, so that the malt B is obtained.
Further, in the step (3), the malt B is washed clean by clean water, cut into segments, dried and crushed.
Further, in the step (3), the malt B is dried at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and then ground into powder, so that the selenium-rich malt powder is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention firstly adopts the method of mixing the low-concentration selenium-containing aqueous solution into the wheat seeds, so that the wheat seeds can obtain selenium element required in the initial germination stage, and the phenomenon that the wheat seeds are soaked in the sodium selenite solution to cause a large amount of inorganic selenium which cannot be utilized is remained in the wheat seeds as in the traditional process, because the wheat seeds are cultured in the non-germination stage, the metabolism is relatively low, the required selenium is not much, and meanwhile, because selenite and metabolites thereof are mainly accumulated at the roots and are rarely transferred to the overground part, the soaking method adopted before the stage ensures that the wheat seeds contain a large amount of inorganic selenium which cannot promote absorption and conversion, and because the conversion of the sodium selenite by the wheat seeds is mainly concentrated at the roots with limited metabolism.
(2) After the initial germination is completed, the wheat seeds are transferred to a stage of culturing by adopting the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution, because the metabolism of malt on the wheat seeds is more vigorous, and after the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is sprayed, on one hand, the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is converted into organic selenides such as selenium amino acid, selenoprotein and the like in the malt through the vigorous metabolism of the malt, the organic conversion of sodium selenite is realized more by utilizing the limited growth time of the malt, and the content of organic selenium in the malt is improved. On the other hand, the vitamin E is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of selenium, thereby increasing the absorption path of selenium element; finally, the proportion of the organic selenium in the malt flour prepared by the invention reaches more than 90 percent of the total selenium content.
(3) According to the invention, ferrous ions are added into the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution, so that the obtained malt flour also contains iron element, and the iron element is beneficial to promoting the absorption and utilization of selenium element by human body, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the malt flour.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the effect of malt A in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of malt B in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, further specific details of the invention are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular advantages and features of the invention only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Unless otherwise indicated, the drugs or agents used in the present invention are used according to the instructions of the product or by the conventional methods in the art.
As mentioned above, the selenium element in the selenium malt obtained by some current methods mainly exists in the form of inorganic selenium, and the content of organic selenium which is easy to be absorbed and utilized by human body is low, meanwhile, because some current methods for preparing selenium malt are not beneficial to the absorption of inorganic selenium by malt, and are also an important reason for the low content of organic selenium in malt, the selenium supplementing effect of the selenium malt powder is reduced. Therefore, the invention provides a preparation process of selenium-enriched malt flour capable of effectively improving the proportion of organic selenium in the malt flour, and the process is further explained according to the drawings and the specific implementation mode of the specification.
First embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and cleaning wheat as wheat seeds to obtain clean wheat seeds.
(2) Mixing the clean wheat seeds and the selenium-containing aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.01% according to the mass ratio of 4:1, uniformly stirring, then placing the wheat seeds on a net disc, draining for a while, transferring the wheat seeds onto a culture disc after the completion, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 20 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 4.5 hours in the culture process, paying attention to ventilation of the culture disc to prevent the wheat seeds from mildewing in the culture process, and culturing until more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A (shown in figure 1), and then culturing in the next stage.
(3) Continuously keeping the culture temperature in the step (2), and periodically spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding a selenium-containing aqueous solution, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and the culture temperature is as follows: the selenium content and ferrous sulfate mass concentration in the selenium-containing water solution are respectively 0.03% and 0.05%, and the concentration volume of vitamin E is 1.5 × 103IU/L; spraying the selenium-containing composite water solution every 4 hr during the culture, ventilating the culture dish, and continuously culturing malt to grow to 2cm above to obtain malt B (shown in FIG. 2).
(4) Washing the malt B with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 80 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Second embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and cleaning barley as a wheat seed to obtain a clean wheat seed.
(2) Taking the clean wheat seeds and the selenium-containing water solution with the mass concentration of 0.01%, mixing the clean wheat seeds and the selenium-containing water solution according to the mass ratio of 3.5:1, uniformly stirring, then placing the wheat seeds on a net disc, draining for a while, transferring the wheat seeds to a culture disc after the completion, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 23 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 4 hours in the culture process, paying attention to ventilation of the culture disc to prevent the wheat seeds from mildewing, culturing until more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A, and then culturing in the next stage.
(3) Continuously keeping the culture temperature in the step (2), and periodically spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding a selenium-containing aqueous solution, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and the method comprises the following steps: of selenium-containing aqueous solutions, ferrous sulfateThe mass concentration is 0.02% and 0.08%, respectively, and the concentration volume of vitamin E is 1.5 × 103IU/L; spraying the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution every 4.5 hours in the culture process, taking care of ventilation of the culture tray, and continuously culturing the malt to grow to be more than 2cm to obtain the malt B.
(4) And washing the malt B with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 75 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Third embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and cleaning wheat as wheat seeds to obtain clean wheat seeds.
(2) And (2) mixing the clean wheat seeds and the selenium-containing water solution with the mass concentration of 0.008%, uniformly stirring the mixture according to the mass ratio of 5:1, then placing the wheat seeds on a net disc, draining for a while, transferring the wheat seeds onto a culture disc after the drying, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 23 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 5 hours in the culture process, ventilating the culture disc to prevent the wheat seeds from mildewing in the culture process, culturing until more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A, and then culturing in the next stage.
(3) Continuously keeping the culture temperature in the step (2), and periodically spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding a selenium-containing aqueous solution, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and the method comprises the following steps: the selenium-containing water solution and ferrous sulfate have mass concentration of 0.01% and 0.1%, respectively, and the concentration volume of vitamin E is 1.0 × 103IU/L; spraying the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution every 5 hours in the culture process, taking care of ventilation of the culture tray, and continuously culturing the malt to grow to more than 2cm to obtain the malt B.
(4) And washing the malt B with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 75 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Fourth embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and cleaning barley as a wheat seed to obtain a clean wheat seed.
(2) And (2) mixing the clean wheat seeds and the selenium-containing water solution with the mass concentration of 0.01% according to the mass ratio of 5:1, uniformly stirring, then placing the wheat seeds on a net disc, draining for a while, transferring the wheat seeds onto a culture disc after the completion, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 23 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 4 hours in the culture process, taking attention to ventilation of the culture disc to prevent mildew in the wheat seed culture process, culturing until more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A, and then culturing in the next stage.
(3) Continuously keeping the culture temperature in the step (2), and periodically spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding a selenium-containing aqueous solution, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and the method comprises the following steps: the selenium-containing water solution and ferrous sulfate have mass concentration of 0.03% and 0.1%, respectively, and the concentration volume of vitamin E is 1.5 × 103IU/L; spraying the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution every 4 hours in the culture process, taking care of ventilation of the culture tray, and continuously culturing the malt to grow to more than 2cm to obtain the malt B.
(4) And washing the malt B with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 75 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Fifth embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting and cleaning wheat as wheat seeds to obtain clean wheat seeds.
(2) And (2) mixing the clean wheat seeds and the sodium selenite solution with the mass concentration of 0.01% according to the mass ratio of 4:1, uniformly stirring, then placing the wheat seeds on a net disc, draining for a while, transferring the wheat seeds onto a culture disc after the completion, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 20 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 4.5 hours in the culture process, taking attention to ventilation of the culture disc to prevent mildew in the wheat seed culture process, culturing until more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A, and then culturing in the next stage.
(3) Continuously maintaining the culture temperature in the step (2), and periodically spraying a selenium-containing compound aqueous solution on the malt A, wherein the selenium-containing compound aqueous solution is formed by compounding sodium selenite and ferrous sulfate, and the culture temperature is as follows: the mass concentrations of the sodium selenite and the ferrous sulfate are respectively 0.03 percent and 0.05 percent; spraying the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution every 4 hours in the culture process, taking care of ventilation of the culture tray, and continuously culturing the malt to grow to more than 2cm to obtain the malt B.
(4) Washing the malt B with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 80 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
Sixth embodiment
A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the technical scheme, the weight ratio of wheat to a 0.01% sodium selenite solution is 1 kg: and 5L, pouring the wheat into a sodium selenite solution to soak for 8 hours.
(2) Placing the soaked wheat on a net tray, draining off excessive liquid, transferring the wheat onto a culture tray after the completion of the soaking, spraying clear water once, starting to culture, keeping the culture temperature at 20 +/-2 ℃, spraying clear water once every 4.5 hours in the culture process, and paying attention to the ventilation of the culture tray to prevent the wheat from mildewing in the culture process, wherein the malt grows to be more than 2 cm.
(3) And (3) washing the malt cultured in the step (2) with clear water, cutting into segments, drying at 80 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and grinding into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
And (4) testing the selenium content:
the content of selenium in the selenium-enriched malt flours prepared in the first to sixth steps is tested, the detection method refers to a detection method of total selenium content in products in GB 5009.932017 'determination of selenium in food', but all selenium content in the malt flours detected by the method cannot be distinguished from organic selenium and inorganic selenium, so that after the total selenium content in the malt flours is detected, the same malt flours are extracted by ethanol, the organic selenium in the malt flours is extracted into the ethanol, the content is determined by a method in GB 5009.932017 'determination of selenium in food', the proportion of the organic selenium in the same malt flours can be obtained, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 test results of selenium content in selenium-enriched malt flours prepared in the first to sixth of table 1
| Example number | First of all | Second one | Third step | Fourth step of | Fifth aspect of the invention | Sixth aspect of the invention |
| Selenium content/(mg/kg) | 481 | 462 | 496 | 418 | 466 | 611 |
| Organic selenium/(mg/kg) | 447 | 418 | 454 | 395 | 283 | 233 |
| Organic selenium proportion (%) | 92.9 | 90.5 | 91.5 | 94.5 | 60.7 | 38.1 |
As can be seen from the test results in table 1, the organic selenium in the first to fourth examples accounts for most of the total selenium content in the malt powder, while the organic selenium in the fifth and sixth examples accounts for a significantly lower proportion of the total selenium content, and especially when the sixth example adopts the conventional method of soaking wheat in sodium selenite solution for cultivation, most of the selenium in the malt powder is present in the form of inorganic selenium, while the organic selenium accounts for less than 40%, because: the method is a method of permeating sodium selenite into wheat and then converting the sodium selenite into organic selenium in the germination process of the wheat, but the metabolism inside the wheat is effective on the conversion capability of the sodium selenite, so that most of selenium in the obtained selenium malt powder is inorganic selenium of residual sodium selenite soaked in the wheat, and the selenium content in the malt powder is high, but the organic selenium content which can be better absorbed and utilized by human bodies is not high.
With the method of the present invention, it can be seen that the above problems are well overcome because: the invention firstly adopts the method of mixing the low-concentration selenium-containing aqueous solution into the wheat seeds, so that the selenium element required by the wheat seeds in the initial germination stage can be obtained, and the phenomenon that the sodium selenite solution is adopted to soak the wheat seeds to cause a large amount of inorganic selenium which cannot be utilized to remain in the wheat seeds is avoided like the traditional process, because the metabolism of the wheat seeds is relatively low during the culture of the non-germination stage, the required selenium is not much, and simultaneously, because selenite and metabolites thereof are mainly accumulated at the roots and are rarely transferred to the overground part, even if the soaking method is adopted to cause the wheat seeds to contain a large amount of inorganic selenium before the stage, the effect of promoting absorption and conversion is not realized, and because the conversion of the wheat seeds to the sodium selenite is mainly concentrated at the roots with limited metabolism.
Further, after the initial germination is completed, the present invention is distinguished from the conventional method in that the cultivation of wheat seeds is transferred to another stage: the selenium-containing composite water solution is adopted for culture, because the metabolism of the malt on the wheat seeds is more vigorous, and after the selenium-containing composite water solution is sprayed, on one hand, selenium element is converted into organic selenides such as selenium amino acid, selenoprotein and the like in the malt through the vigorous metabolism of the malt, the organic conversion of selenium is realized more by utilizing the limited growth time of the malt, and the content of organic selenium in the malt is improved. On the other hand, the vitamin E increases the absorption way of selenium element, and finally effectively improves the content and the proportion of organic selenium in the malt flour. In addition, the ferrous ions in the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution enable the obtained malt flour to also contain iron elements, and the absorption and utilization of selenium elements by a human body are promoted.
The above description is only illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that other persons skilled in the art can make modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is to be determined by the claims as set forth below.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of selenium-rich malt flour is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly stirring wheat seeds and a selenium-containing solution, then draining excessive water, and culturing the wheat seeds until the wheat seeds germinate to obtain malt A;
(2) spraying a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution on the malt A at regular intervals, wherein the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is formed by compounding sodium selenite, ferrous sulfate and vitamin E, and continuously culturing the malt to obtain malt B;
(3) and washing the malt B with clear water, drying, and then crushing to obtain the selenium-rich malt powder.
2. The preparation process of the selenium-enriched malt flour as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the selenium-containing solution is composed of one or more of sodium selenite, selenocarrageenan, sodium selenate and L-selenium-methyl selenocysteine.
3. The process for preparing selenium-enriched malt flour according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass concentration of the selenium-containing solution is 0.001-0.01% of selenium.
4. The preparation process of the selenium-rich malt flour as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the selenium-containing solution to the wheat seeds is 1: 3.5-5.
5. The process for preparing selenium-enriched malt flour according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the wheat seeds comprise at least one of barley, wheat and oat, preferably wheat as the wheat seeds.
6. The preparation process of the selenium-rich malt flour as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the culture temperature is 20-25 ℃, clear water is sprayed every 4-5 hours in the culture process, and the malt A is obtained after more than 70% of the wheat seeds germinate.
7. The preparation process of the selenium-rich malt flour as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the selenium-containing solution and the ferrous sulfate in the selenium-containing composite aqueous solution have mass concentrations of 0.01-0.03% and 0.05-0.1% respectively, and the concentration volume of vitamin E is 1-1.5 x 103IU/L。
8. The preparation process of the selenium-rich malt flour according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the culture temperature is 20-25 ℃, a selenium-containing composite aqueous solution is sprayed every 4-5 hours in the culture process, and the malt is continuously cultured to be more than 2cm in length to obtain the malt B.
9. The process for preparing selenium-enriched malt flour according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the step (3), the malt B is washed clean with clear water, cut into segments, dried and crushed.
10. The preparation process of the selenium-rich malt flour as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step (3), the malt B is dried at 75-80 ℃ until the water content is less than 3%, and then ground into powder to obtain the selenium-rich malt flour.
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