CN113540827B - High-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions - Google Patents
High-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540827B CN113540827B CN202110804224.8A CN202110804224A CN113540827B CN 113540827 B CN113540827 B CN 113540827B CN 202110804224 A CN202110804224 A CN 202110804224A CN 113540827 B CN113540827 B CN 113540827B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an omnibearing radiating high-power microwave system, which comprises a high-power microwave source for generating high-power microwaves, a radiating antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified space position and a power distributor for connecting the high-power microwave source and the radiating antenna, wherein the radiating antenna is of a polyhedral structure, and a plurality of output ends of the power distributor are respectively corresponding to and connected with a plurality of faces of the radiating antenna. The high-power microwave system has the characteristics of wide beam coverage range and simple topological structure, has small volume and weight, is simple in control mode, and can meet various application requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to an omnibearing radiation high-power microwave system.
Background
Generally, high power microwaves (High Power Microwave, HPM) refer to coherent electromagnetic radiation having peak power greater than 100MW and frequencies between 1GHz and 300 GHz. It is a new research field developed in the 70 s of this century along with the development of pulse power technology, relativistic electronics, plasma physics and other subjects. The high-power microwave has wider application space in the fields of plasma heating, remote radar, industrial irradiation, electronic countermeasure and the like.
Many applications require that the high power microwave system have omnidirectional radiation capability in order to radiate high power microwave energy to any desired point in space. The common method is to radiate microwave energy to a required angle according to the need by adopting a scanning antenna, however, the beam scanning angle range of the antenna is limited, and the energy of a single high-power microwave system is difficult to fully cover the space 4pi solid angle. The space full coverage is realized by combining a plurality of microwave systems, so that the whole system is huge in size and weight, the coordination and synchronization requirements among the plurality of microwave systems are high, the control system is complex, and the application is unchanged.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system is proposed. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a high-power microwave system of all-round radiation, includes the high-power microwave source that is used for producing high-power microwave, is used for radiating high-power microwave to the radiation antenna of appointed spatial location and is used for connecting high-power microwave source and radiation antenna's power distributor, radiation antenna is the polyhedral structure, a plurality of output of power distributor correspond and connect with a plurality of faces of radiation antenna respectively.
Preferably, the power distributor comprises a plurality of transmission mechanisms respectively connected with the high-power microwave source, each transmission mechanism comprises a feed-in waveguide, a microwave switch and an output waveguide which are sequentially connected in sequence, the feed-in waveguide is connected with the output end of the high-power microwave source, and the output waveguide is connected with the radiation antenna.
Preferably, the length of the feed-in waveguide is n+λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer, and λ is the waveguide guided wave wavelength.
Preferably, the high power microwave source comprises a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating means, and ancillary equipment or components including vacuum, guiding magnetic fields.
Preferably, the high-power microwave source is a compact Marx generator, the compact Marx generator drives the relativistic return tube to generate high-power microwaves, the output microwave mode is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and the output end is a hollow circular waveguide.
Preferably, the radiation antenna comprises a polyhedral structure formed by a plurality of radiation array surfaces, the radiation array surfaces comprise radiation surfaces and feeder lines arranged on the inner sides of the radiation surfaces, and phase modulation devices used for adjusting the pointing direction of radiation beams on the radiation array surfaces are arranged in the feeder lines.
Preferably, the radiating array surface further comprises an antenna window, and the antenna window is arranged on the outer side of the radiating array surface.
Preferably, the radiation array surface is one or a combination of two of a mechanical scanning antenna and a phased array antenna.
Preferably, the radiation antenna is formed by 6 radiation array surfaces into a hexagonal structure, the radiation array surfaces are two-dimensional phased arrays, and the beam adjusting range is a cone angle of plus or minus 60 degrees perpendicular to the front surface.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system provided by the invention has the characteristics of wide beam coverage range and simple topological structure, has smaller volume and weight, is simple in control mode, and can meet various application requirements.
2. The omnibearing radiating high-power microwave system provided by the invention can ensure that microwaves are radiated to a designated space position rapidly on the premise of adopting only one set of high-power microwave source, thereby greatly reducing the volume weight and complexity of the system.
3. The omnibearing radiation high-power microwave system provided by the invention can be well applied to a high-power microwave system needing full space coverage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power divider.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation antenna.
In the figure: 100. a high power microwave source; 200. a power divider; 210. a feed-in waveguide; 220. a microwave switch; 230. an output waveguide; 300. a radiation array surface; 310. a feed line; 320. a radiation surface; 330. an antenna window.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and based on the embodiments in the present application, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system provided in this embodiment includes a high-power microwave source 100 for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a designated spatial location, and a power divider 200 for connecting the high-power microwave source 100 and the radiation antenna, where the radiation antenna is in a sealed polyhedral structure, multiple output ends of the power divider 200 are respectively corresponding to and connected with multiple faces of the radiation antenna, the high-power microwave source 100 is located at a central position of the whole system, and the high-power microwaves are distributed and transmitted to corresponding radiation faces through the power divider 200 according to radiation requirements.
The high power microwave source 100 generally includes a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating device, and ancillary equipment or components including vacuum, guiding magnetic fields, depending on the radiated microwave power and frequency band required by the system. Specifically, in this embodiment, the high-power microwave source 100 is a compact Marx generator, and the compact Marx generator drives the relativistic return tube to generate high-power microwaves, where the output microwave mode is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and the output end is a hollow circular waveguide.
The power divider 200 includes multiple transmission mechanisms respectively connected to the high-power microwave source 100, where the number of the transmission mechanisms corresponds to the number of the radiating antennas, each transmission mechanism includes a feed waveguide 210, a microwave switch 220 and an output waveguide 230 sequentially connected in sequence, where the feed waveguide 210 is uniformly disposed on a side surface of the high-power microwave output end and connected to the same, the length of the feed waveguide 210 is n+λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer, λ is a waveguide guided wave wavelength, and setting the length of the feed waveguide 210 can ensure that reflection of microwave energy transmitted into the feed waveguide 210 is cancelled when the corresponding microwave switch 220 is turned off, and does not affect the microwave energy transmission efficiency. The output waveguide 230 is connected to the radiation antenna, and the microwave switch 220 controls whether microwaves are transmitted to the corresponding transmission mechanism, and when the microwave switch 220 is turned on, microwave energy is transmitted to the corresponding radiation surface.
The radiation antenna comprises a polyhedral structure formed by a plurality of radiation array surfaces 300, wherein the radiation array surfaces 300 comprise radiation surfaces 320, feeder lines 310 arranged on the inner sides of the radiation surfaces 320 and antenna windows 330 arranged on the outer sides of the radiation surfaces 320, phase modulation devices for adjusting the direction of radiation beams on the radiation array surfaces 300 are arranged in the feeder lines 310, the antenna windows 330 cover the outer sides of the radiation array surfaces 300 and are positioned on the outermost layers of the system, and the antenna windows 330 are made of common microwave medium materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramics and serve as microwave radiation windows. The interior of the transmission waveguide between the high power microwave source 100 and each radiating array plane 300 is vacuum.
Further, the number of the radiating surfaces 320 is selectively set according to the coverage requirement of the system microwave radiating space and the radiating range of the single radiating array surface 300, and each radiating array surface 300 may be the same or different, and each radiating surface 320 may adopt a mechanical scanning antenna, a phased array antenna or a technical route combining the two. Specifically, in this embodiment, the radiating antenna preferably has a regular hexagonal structure formed by 6 radiating array planes 300, each radiating array plane 300 is a two-dimensional phased array, the beam adjustment range is a cone angle of plus or minus 60 ° in the normal direction of the vertical front plane, and the six radiating array planes 300 ensure coverage of the 4 pi solid angle of the whole space.
The omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system further comprises a control system, the microwave switch 220, the phase modulation device and the high-power microwave source 100 are respectively in communication connection with the control system, and the corresponding relation between the radiation angle phase limit and the array surface is stored in a storage unit in the control system in advance.
When the omnibearing radiating high-power microwave system is used, the system receives an instruction to radiate microwaves to a certain specific angle, the control system calculates the corresponding radiating array surface 300 of the current emission according to the prestored relation between the phase limit of the radiating angle and the corresponding array surface, and the control system sends an instruction to control the power distributor 200 to close the microwave switch 220 corresponding to the radiating antenna array surface which does not need to radiate microwaves, so that the high-power microwaves generated by the high-power microwave source 100 can only flow to the appointed radiating array surface 300 through the corresponding output waveguide 230 and radiate; meanwhile, the corresponding radiation array surface 300 adjusts the beam direction of the corresponding radiation array surface by a phase modulation device according to the radiation angle requirement, so that the final beam direction is ensured to be at a required position; after the above actions are completed, the control system controls the high-power microwave source 100 to generate high-power microwaves, and the high-power microwaves are fed into the designated radiation array surface 300 through the opened one-path transmission mechanism and finally radiated to the target position. The omnibearing radiating high-power microwave system can ensure that microwaves are radiated to a designated space position rapidly on the premise of adopting only one set of high-power microwave source 100, thereby greatly reducing the volume weight and the complexity of the system.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The high-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions is characterized by comprising a high-power microwave source for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified space position and a power distributor for connecting the high-power microwave source and the radiation antenna, wherein the radiation antenna is of a polyhedral structure, and a plurality of output ends of the power distributor are respectively corresponding to and connected with a plurality of faces of the radiation antenna;
the radiation antenna comprises a polyhedral structure formed by a plurality of radiation array surfaces, wherein the radiation array surfaces comprise radiation surfaces, feeder lines arranged on the inner sides of the radiation surfaces and antenna windows arranged on the outer sides of the radiation surfaces, and phase modulation devices used for carrying out directional adjustment on radiation beams on the radiation array surfaces are arranged in the feeder lines.
2. The omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system as recited in claim 1, wherein said power splitter comprises a plurality of transmission mechanisms respectively coupled to said high-power microwave source, each transmission mechanism comprising a feed waveguide, a microwave switch and an output waveguide sequentially coupled in sequence, said feed waveguide being coupled to an output of said high-power microwave source, said output waveguide being coupled to said radiating antenna.
3. The omnidirectional radiating high-power microwave system of claim 2, wherein the length of the feed waveguide is n+λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer and λ is the waveguide guided wave length.
4. The omnidirectional radiating high power microwave system of claim 1, wherein the high power microwave source comprises a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating device, and ancillary equipment or components including vacuum, a guiding magnetic field.
5. The omnidirectional radiation of claim 4, wherein the high power microwave source is a compact Marx generator, the compact Marx generator drives a relativistic return tube to generate high power microwaves, the output microwave mode is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and the output end is a hollow circular waveguide.
6. The omnidirectional radiating high-power microwave system of claim 1, wherein the radiating array surface is a combination of one or both of a mechanically scanned antenna and a phased array antenna.
7. The omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system of claim 6, wherein the radiating antenna comprises a hexagonal structure of 6 radiating array planes, the radiating array planes are two-dimensional phased arrays, and the beam adjustment range is a cone angle of plus or minus 60 ° perpendicular to the front surface.
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| CN102510271A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Microwave power synthesis method |
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| EP2393339B1 (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2016-12-07 | Whirlpool Corporation | Versatile microwave heating apparatus |
| US8963790B2 (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2015-02-24 | Raytheon Company | Universal microwave waveguide joint and mechanically steerable microwave transmitter |
| US9786993B1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2017-10-10 | Scientific Application & Research Associates, Inc. | Steerable high-power microwave antennas |
| CN106469854B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2020-02-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Microwave millimeter wave dual-frequency antenna |
| CN207303370U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-05-01 | 大连港森立达木材交易中心有限公司 | A kind of two-way Uniform Irradiation antenna-feeder system of High-Power Microwave |
| CN109994822B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-08-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-power microwave space beam swept planar array antenna |
| CN110875507B (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2021-07-27 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Four-path high-power microwave synthesizer manufacturing method based on 3D printing and synthesizer |
| CN111128645A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 深圳市思博克科技有限公司 | X-waveband high-power microwave device for forced stop of vehicles and ships |
| CN112086747B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-04-20 | 西北工业大学 | Inflatable high-power microwave array antenna |
| CN112615156B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Flat waveguide feed two-dimensional beam scanning antenna |
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