CN113517526A - Multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for W-band EIO - Google Patents
Multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for W-band EIO Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for a W-band EIO, which comprises the following components: a plurality of mode conversion submodules with the same structure and a power synthesis section, wherein the mode conversion submodules with the same structure are arranged at a certain angle and are used for carrying out TE output by the input port of the W-band EIO10Mode, TE output of multiple EIO by conversion of multiple spatial power combining structure10Modes, spatially combined into one TEM00A mode; the mode conversion submodule includes: the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section is used for converting the high-power microwave output by the EIO from the rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide; the transition section of the circular waveguide and the radius of the circular waveguide is used for implementing mode conversion from the circular waveguide TE11 to the circular waveguide TE 11; a circular waveguide mode conversion section for outputting a Gaussian mode; the power synthesis section is used for realizing microwave power synthesis of multi-path EIO output; the rectangular waveguide-round waveguide section, the round waveguide-round waveguide radius transition section and the round waveguide mode conversion section adopt a smooth slope guide wall structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-power microwave power synthesis, in particular to a multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for W-band EIO.
Background
The power synthesis technology is to use a plurality of interference units to transmit electromagnetic waves with the same frequency and phases in accordance with a specific relation, so that the powers of the electromagnetic waves are mutually superposed in the space transmission process, thereby forming electromagnetic beams in a certain direction. The algorithmic idea of power combining is that the N antenna signals, the initial phase of each signal is random. The randomness of the phases of the signals causes the direct synthesis effect to be unsatisfactory and the power required by interference cannot be achieved. In order to obtain a larger power after the synthesis, frequency scanning must be performed, so that the signal is synthesized into an ideal value at a certain point in the frequency scanning process, and a threshold value is set to limit the output of the signal, namely, the output is generated when the peak value after the synthesis of the N antennas is larger than or equal to N times of the amplitude value of a single signal.
An Extended Interaction Oscillator (acronym for Extended Interaction Oscillator, EIO) is an important miniaturized source of electro-vacuum microwave radiation. The terahertz wave band can effectively work in millimeter waves and even terahertz wave bands with higher frequencies, and has the advantages of compact structure, small size, light weight, high power and the like. The electromagnetic wave can be used as an energy transmission carrier for research, and has important significance in the application fields of wireless energy transmission, millimeter wave imaging, microwave energy weapons, microwave heating and the like. These applications all have certain requirements on the power level of the electromagnetic waves, but the power that can be carried by a single EIO device is limited. Therefore, how to combine and effectively transmit the output power of a plurality of EIO devices in space is an urgent problem to be solved.
For waveguide power synthesis, several tens of watts of power which is generally used for solid-state device output is synthesized, and for an EIO device with the output power of kilowatt level, the waveguide power synthesis is not applicable, so that space power synthesis is proposed. As the high-power mode of EIO output is mostly rectangular waveguide TE10Mode, which is not suitable for spatial transmission, and is thus converted into a quasi-optical mode (TEM)00Mode), then radiate to space, and then perform spatial power combining. In the presence of TE10Conversion to TEM00When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is gradually increased to a millimeter wave even terahertz waveband, burrs are easy to appear on the traditional mode converter with the corrugated waveguide structure with the circumferential grooves, so that the corrugated waveguide is easy to be broken down by high-power microwaves, the application and development of the corrugated waveguide are limited,
Therefore, in order to solve the problem of spatially combining and efficiently transmitting output power of a plurality of EIO devices, it is necessary to design a new multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for a W-band EIO, which adopts a smooth waveguide structure, and adopts a polarization wire grid structure to carry out spatial power synthesis when a TEM00 mode is transmitted in space.
The invention aims to provide a multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for a W-band EIO, which comprises the following components: a plurality of mode conversion submodules with the same structure and a power synthesis section, wherein the mode conversion submodules with the same structure are arranged at a certain angle and are used for carrying out TE output by the input port of the W-band EIO10Mode, TE output of multiple EIO by conversion of multiple spatial power combining structure10Modes, spatially combined into one TEM00Mode(s).
Further, the mode conversion sub-module includes:
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1) is used for converting high-power microwaves output by the EIO from the rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide, namely the conversion from the rectangular waveguide TE10 to the circular waveguide TE11 is realized;
the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) is used for implementing mode conversion from the circular waveguide TE11 to the circular waveguide TE 11;
a circular waveguide mode transition section (3) for realizing output of Gaussian mode, i.e. circular waveguide TE11Collimated light mode TEM00The conversion of (1);
the power synthesis section (4) is used for realizing microwave power synthesis of multi-path EIO output;
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1), the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) and the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) are connected in sequence.
Furthermore, the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1), the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) and the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) adopt a smooth slope guide wall structure.
Further, the rectangular waveguide size in the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1) is as follows: 1.25mm 2.54mm, output circular waveguide radius is 2mm, total length is 10 mm.
Furthermore, the radius of the input circular waveguide in the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) is 2mm, the radius of the output circular waveguide is 2.7mm, and the total length is 10 mm.
Furthermore, the radius of the input circular waveguide in the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) is 2.7mm, the radius of the output circular waveguide is 5mm, and the total length is 37.6 mm.
Furthermore, the power synthesis section (4) is of a polarized grating structure, the radius of each cylindrical metal wire is 0.05mm, the length of each cylindrical metal wire is 40mm, the distance between the cylindrical metal wires is 0.15mm, and the number of the cylindrical metal wires is 150.
Further, the power capacity of the polarized wire grid of the power synthesis section (4) is calculated for the Gaussian beam transmitted in the space by using a numerical calculation method, and a theoretical value of the power capacity allowed to be transmitted by the polarized wire grid under the condition that no electric breakdown occurs is obtained.
Further, the numerical calculation method is a poynting vector formula:
wherein epsilon0Is the dielectric constant in free space, mu0Is the free space permeability, w0Is the radius of the Gaussian beam waist at the position of the polarization wire grid, and the air breakdown field strength is Ebr30kv/cm, the maximum field strength of the system is generally considered by engineering to be not more than one tenth of the breakdown field strength of air, i.e. according to 10% EbrAnd (4) calculating.
Furthermore, the working frequency of the structure is 90 GHz-100 GHz.
The multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for the W-band EIO provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the mode conversion structure is adopted to output the microwave of the EIO from the TE10Becomes a TEM00And power synthesis of the rear polarization grating is facilitated. Each mode conversion structure employs a smooth waveguide wall structure to prevent high power microwave ignition.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent in view of the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transformation structure of a multi-path spatial power combining mode for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-path spatial power combining segment for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microwave trace diagram of a multi-path spatial power combining structure for W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5(a) and fig. 5(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating two operation modes of a multipath spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of the combining efficiency and frequency relationship of a multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph of power capacity versus beam waist radius of a multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a multipath spatial power combining structure for W-band EIO, comprising: a plurality of mode conversion submodules with the same structure and a power synthesis section, wherein the mode conversion submodules with the same structure are arranged at a certain angle and are used for carrying out TE output by the input port of the W-band EIO10Mode, TE output of multiple EIO by conversion of multiple spatial power combining structure10Modes, spatially combined into one TEM00Mode(s).
The mode conversion submodule includes:
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section 1 is used for converting high-power microwaves output by the EIO from the rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide, namely the conversion from the rectangular waveguide TE10 to the circular waveguide TE11 is realized;
the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section 2 is used for implementing mode conversion from the circular waveguide TE11 to the circular waveguide TE 11;
a circular waveguide mode conversion section 3 for realizing output of a gaussian mode, that is, conversion of the circular waveguide TE11 into a quasi-optical mode TEM 00;
the power synthesis section 4 is used for realizing microwave power synthesis of multi-path EIO output;
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section 1, the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section 2 and the circular waveguide mode conversion section 3 are sequentially connected, and the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section 1, the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section 2 and the circular waveguide mode conversion section 3 adopt a smooth slope guide wall structure.
Referring to FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention, TE conversion from rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide10-TE11The rectangular waveguide has the following dimensions: 1.25mm 2.54mm, output circular waveguide radius is 2mm, total length is 10 mm. Thereby limiting the size of the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radius of the circular waveguide-circular waveguide transition section is 2mm at the input circular waveguide, 2.7mm at the output circular waveguide and 10mm at the total length.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circular waveguide mode conversion section has an input circular waveguide radius of 2.7mm, an output circular waveguide radius of 5mm, and a total length of 37.6 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power synthesis segment polarization grating structure has a radius of 0.05mm, a length of 40mm, a pitch of 0.15mm and 150 cylindrical wires.
Referring to fig. 4, a microwave trace diagram of a multipath spatial power synthesis structure for a W-band EIO is shown, in which traces in a microwave synthesis process under the power synthesis structure are clearly shown.
Fig. 5(a) and fig. 5(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating two working modes of a multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively, and the multi-path spatial power combining structure is differently copied to form different types of multi-path spatial power combining. Fig. 5(a) shows a first working principle, that is, each unit is a microwave output by multiple EIOs, and power synthesis is performed after mode conversion of a rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section 1, a circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section 2, and a circular waveguide mode conversion section 3, respectively, and finally total power synthesis is realized by collectively using one total power synthesis section, and parallel connection is formed among the units. Fig. 5(b) shows a second working principle, that is, each unit is a microwave output by multiple EIOs, and mode conversion is performed by a rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section 1, a circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section 2, and a circular waveguide mode conversion section 3, and finally, total power synthesis is realized by a total power synthesis section in a centralized manner, a series relationship is formed among the units, and the number of the power synthesis sections is reduced.
Referring to fig. 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-path spatial power synthesis structure of the W-band EIO provided in this embodiment is simulated by using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software, a microwave trace diagram obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 6, and a synthesis efficiency and frequency relationship obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 7. In a working frequency band (90 GHz-100 GHz), the synthesis efficiency of the multi-path space power synthesis structure of the W-band EIO provided by the invention is more than 90%, and the multi-path space power synthesis structure can be used in the frequency band of 90 GHz-100 GHz.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power capacity theoretical value allowed to be transmitted by the polarized wire grid without electrical breakdown is obtained by using a general poynting vector formula in the microwave engineering technology for the polarized wire grid of the power synthesis section 4 and using a numerical calculation method. For a gaussian beam transmitted in space, the power capacity is calculated by equation (1). Wherein epsilon0Is the dielectric constant in free space, mu0Is the free space permeability, w0Is the gaussian beam waist radius at the polarizing wire grid. Air breakdown field strength of Ebr30kv/cm, the maximum field strength of the system is generally considered by engineering to be not more than one tenth of the breakdown field strength of air, i.e. according to 10% EbrAnd (4) calculating.
From the graph in fig. 7, it can be seen that: along with the increasing of the radius of the beam waist of the Gaussian beam, the power capacity is increased continuously, and the power capacity reaches hundreds of kilowatts, so that the requirement of increasing the EIO output power continuously can be met.
The multi-path spatial power synthesis structure for the W-band EIO of the embodiment at least has the following beneficial effects: the mode conversion structure is adopted to output the microwave of the EIO from the TE10Becomes a TEM00And power synthesis of the rear polarization grating is facilitated. Each mode conversion structure employs a smooth waveguide wall structure to prevent high power microwave ignition.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications of the embodiments of the present invention can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multipath spatial power combining architecture for W-band EIO, comprising: a plurality of mode conversion submodules with the same structure and a power synthesis section, wherein the mode conversion submodules with the same structure are arranged at a certain angle and are used for carrying out TE output by the input port of the W-band EIO10Mode, TE output of multiple EIO by conversion of multiple spatial power combining structure10Modes, spatially combined into one TEM00Mode(s).
2. The multi-path spatial power combining architecture for W-band EIO as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mode transforming submodule comprises:
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1) is used for converting high-power microwaves output by the EIO from the rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide, namely the conversion from the rectangular waveguide TE10 to the circular waveguide TE11 is realized;
the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) is used for implementing mode conversion from the circular waveguide TE11 to the circular waveguide TE 11;
a circular waveguide mode transition section (3) for realizing output of Gaussian mode, i.e. circular waveguide TE11Collimation optical modeTEM type00The conversion of (1);
the power synthesis section (4) is used for realizing microwave power synthesis of multi-path EIO output;
the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1), the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) and the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) are connected in sequence.
3. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1), the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) and the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) adopt a smooth slope guide wall structure.
4. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the rectangular waveguide in the rectangular waveguide-circular waveguide section (1) has the following dimensions: 1.25mm 2.54mm, output circular waveguide radius is 2mm, total length is 10 mm.
5. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the radius of the input circular waveguide in the circular waveguide-circular waveguide radius transition section (2) is 2mm, the radius of the output circular waveguide is 2.7mm, and the total length is 10 mm.
6. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the radius of an input circular waveguide in the circular waveguide mode conversion section (3) is 2.7mm, the radius of an output circular waveguide is 5mm, and the total length is 37.6 mm.
7. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the power synthesis section (4) is of a polarized grating structure, the radius of each cylindrical metal wire is 0.05mm, the length of each cylindrical metal wire is 40mm, the distance between the cylindrical metal wires is 0.15mm, and the number of the cylindrical metal wires is 150.
8. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 2, wherein: the method of numerical calculation for the polarization wire grid of the power synthesis section (4) calculates the power capacity for the Gaussian beam transmitted in space, and obtains the theoretical value of the power capacity allowed to be transmitted by the polarization wire grid under the premise of no electric breakdown.
9. The structure of claim 8, wherein the numerical calculation is performed by a Poynting vector formula:
wherein epsilon0Is the dielectric constant in free space, mu0Is the free space permeability, w0Is the radius of the Gaussian beam waist at the position of the polarization wire grid, and the air breakdown field strength is Ebr30kv/cm, the maximum field strength of the system is generally considered by engineering to be not more than one tenth of the breakdown field strength of air, i.e. according to 10% EbrAnd (4) calculating.
10. The multi-path spatial power combining structure for a W-band EIO according to claim 1, wherein: the working frequency of the structure is 90 GHz-100 GHz.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118040267A (en) * | 2024-04-15 | 2024-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Circular waveguide TE02Mode low-loss right-angle turning waveguide |
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| CN106505280A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-15 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | A kind of millimeter wave multi-frequency multi-mode mode excitation device |
| CN110739519A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-31 | 电子科技大学 | phase correction surface type power combiner design method based on quasi-optical theory |
| CN111987402A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-24 | 成都航天智向安防科技有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power coupling output structure suitable for millimeter wave EIO microwave source |
| CN112864547A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-28 | 成都航天智向安防科技有限公司 | Miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106505280A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-15 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | A kind of millimeter wave multi-frequency multi-mode mode excitation device |
| CN110739519A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-31 | 电子科技大学 | phase correction surface type power combiner design method based on quasi-optical theory |
| CN111987402A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-24 | 成都航天智向安防科技有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power coupling output structure suitable for millimeter wave EIO microwave source |
| CN112864547A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-28 | 成都航天智向安防科技有限公司 | Miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118040267A (en) * | 2024-04-15 | 2024-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Circular waveguide TE02Mode low-loss right-angle turning waveguide |
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