CN113540827A - Omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system - Google Patents
Omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540827A CN113540827A CN202110804224.8A CN202110804224A CN113540827A CN 113540827 A CN113540827 A CN 113540827A CN 202110804224 A CN202110804224 A CN 202110804224A CN 113540827 A CN113540827 A CN 113540827A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system, which comprises a high-power microwave source for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified space position, and a power distributor for connecting the high-power microwave source and the radiation antenna, wherein the radiation antenna is in a polyhedral structure, and a plurality of output ends of the power distributor respectively correspond to and are connected with a plurality of surfaces of the radiation antenna. The high-power microwave system has the characteristics of wide beam coverage range and simple topological structure, is small in size and weight, is simple in control mode, and can meet various application requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to an omnidirectional radiation high-power microwave system.
Background
Generally, High Power Microwave (HPM) refers to coherent electromagnetic radiation with peak Power greater than 100MW and frequency between 1GHz and 300 GHz. It is a new research field developed with the development of pulse power technology, relativistic electronics and plasma physics, etc. in the 70 s of this century. The high-power microwave has wider application space in the fields of plasma heating, remote radar, industrial irradiation, electronic countermeasure and the like.
Many applications require high power microwave systems with omnidirectional radiation capability to radiate high power microwave energy to any desired point in space. The common method is to adopt a scanning antenna to radiate microwave energy to a required angle according to the requirement, however, the beam scanning angle range of the antenna is limited, and the energy of a single high-power microwave system is difficult to fully cover a spatial 4 pi solid angle. Therefore, the combination of a plurality of microwave systems is needed to realize full space coverage, so that the whole system has large volume and weight, the requirement on coordination and synchronization among the plurality of microwave systems is high, the control system is complex, and the application is unchanged.
The invention is provided to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a high power microwave system with omnidirectional radiation is proposed. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the high-power microwave system comprises a high-power microwave source for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified space position, and a power distributor for connecting the high-power microwave source and the radiation antenna, wherein the radiation antenna is in a polyhedral structure, and a plurality of output ends of the power distributor respectively correspond to and are connected with a plurality of surfaces of the radiation antenna.
Preferably, the power distributor comprises a plurality of transmission mechanisms respectively connected with the high-power microwave source, each transmission mechanism comprises a feed-in waveguide, a microwave switch and an output waveguide which are sequentially connected in sequence, the feed-in waveguide is connected with the output end of the high-power microwave source, and the output waveguide is connected with the radiation antenna.
Preferably, the length of the feed waveguide is n + λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer and λ is a waveguide guided wavelength.
Preferably, the high power microwave source comprises a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating device and accessories or components including a vacuum, a guided magnetic field.
Preferably, the high-power microwave source is a compact Marx generator, the compact Marx generator drives a relativistic backward wave tube to generate high-power microwaves, the output microwave mode of the compact Marx generator is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and the output end of the compact Marx generator is a hollow circular waveguide.
Preferably, the radiation antenna is a polyhedral structure composed of a plurality of radiation fronts, each radiation front includes a radiation surface and a feeder line arranged inside the radiation surface, and a phase modulation device for performing directional adjustment on a radiation beam on the radiation front is arranged in the feeder line.
Preferably, the radiation front further comprises an antenna window, and the antenna window is arranged outside the radiation front.
Preferably, the radiation front is one or a combination of a mechanically scanned antenna and a phased array antenna.
Preferably, the radiation antenna is in a hexagonal structure formed by 6 radiation fronts, the radiation fronts are two-dimensional phased arrays, and the beam adjusting range is a cone angle which is perpendicular to the normal direction of the front face and is plus or minus 60 degrees.
Has the advantages that:
1. the omni-directional radiation high-power microwave system has the characteristics of wide beam coverage range, simple topological structure, small volume and weight, simple control mode and capability of meeting various application requirements.
2. The high-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions provided by the invention can ensure that microwaves are quickly radiated to a specified space position on the premise of only adopting one set of high-power microwave source, and the volume, weight and complexity of the system are greatly reduced.
3. The high-power microwave system with omnidirectional radiation provided by the invention can be well applied to high-power microwave systems needing full-space coverage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an omni-directional radiation high-power microwave system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the omni-directional radiation high-power microwave system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the power divider.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation antenna.
In the figure: 100. a high power microwave source; 200. a power divider; 210. feeding a waveguide; 220. a microwave switch; 230. an output waveguide; 300. a radiation front; 310. a feeder line; 320. a radiating surface; 330. an antenna window.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention is made clearly and completely, and other similar embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the omni-directional radiation high-power microwave system provided in this embodiment includes a high-power microwave source 100 for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified spatial location, and a power divider 200 for connecting the high-power microwave source 100 and the radiation antenna, wherein the radiation antenna is a sealed polyhedral structure, a plurality of output ends of the power divider 200 respectively correspond to and are connected to a plurality of faces of the radiation antenna, the high-power microwave source 100 is located at a central position of the entire system, and the high-power microwaves are distributed and transmitted to the corresponding radiation faces through the power divider 200 according to radiation requirements.
The high power microwave source 100 generally includes a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating device, and accessories or components including vacuum, guided magnetic fields, depending on the desired radiated microwave power and frequency band of the system. Specifically, in this embodiment, the high power microwave source 100 is a compact Marx generator, the compact Marx generator drives a relativistic backward wave tube to generate high power microwaves, an output microwave mode of the compact Marx generator is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and an output end of the compact Marx generator is a hollow circular waveguide.
The power distributor 200 includes a plurality of transmission mechanisms respectively connected to the high power microwave source 100, the number of the transmission mechanisms corresponds to the number of the radiation antenna surfaces, each transmission mechanism includes a feed-in waveguide 210, a microwave switch 220 and an output waveguide 230 sequentially connected in sequence, the feed-in waveguide 210 is uniformly disposed on and connected to the side surface of the high power microwave output end, the length of the feed-in waveguide 210 is n + λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer and λ is a waveguide guided wave wavelength, and the length of the feed-in waveguide 210 is set to ensure that reflection of microwave energy transmitted into the feed-in waveguide 210 is cancelled when the corresponding microwave switch 220 is turned off, so that transmission efficiency of the microwave energy is not affected. The output waveguide 230 is connected to the radiation antenna, and the microwave switch 220 controls whether the corresponding transmission mechanism transmits the microwave or not, and when the microwave switch 220 is turned on, the microwave energy is transmitted to the corresponding radiation surface.
The radiation antenna is a polyhedral structure formed by a plurality of radiation fronts 300, wherein the radiation fronts 300 comprise radiation surfaces 320, feeder lines 310 arranged on the inner sides of the radiation surfaces 320 and antenna windows 330 arranged on the outer sides of the radiation surfaces 320, phase modulation devices used for performing directional adjustment on radiation beams on the radiation fronts 300 are arranged in the feeder lines 310, the antenna windows 330 cover the outer sides of the radiation fronts 300 and are positioned on the outermost layer of the system, and the antenna windows 330 are made of common microwave dielectric materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramics and serve as microwave radiation windows. The interior of the transmission waveguide between the high power microwave source 100 to each radiation front 300 is evacuated.
Furthermore, the number of the radiation surfaces 320 is selected and set according to the requirement of the microwave radiation space coverage of the system and the radiation range of a single radiation front 300, and each radiation front 300 may be the same or different, and each radiation surface 320 may adopt a technical route of a mechanical scanning antenna, a phased array antenna or a combination of the two. Specifically, in this embodiment, the radiation antenna is preferably a regular hexagon structure composed of 6 radiation fronts 300, each radiation front 300 is a two-dimensional phased array, the beam adjustment range is a cone angle of plus or minus 60 ° perpendicular to the front surface, and the six radiation fronts 300 ensure the coverage of a 4 pi solid angle in the whole space.
The high-power microwave system with omnidirectional radiation also comprises a control system, wherein the microwave switch 220, the phase modulation device and the high-power microwave source 100 are respectively in communication connection with the control system, and the corresponding relation between the radiation angle phase limit and the array surface is stored in a storage unit in the control system in advance.
When the omnibearing radiation high-power microwave system is used, the system receives an instruction to radiate microwaves to a certain specific angle, the control system calculates the radiation array surface 300 corresponding to the current emission according to the relationship between the radiation angle phase limit and the corresponding array surface which are stored in advance, the control system sends an instruction to control the power distributor 200 to close the microwave switch 220 corresponding to the radiation antenna array surface which does not need to radiate the microwaves, and the high-power microwaves generated by the high-power microwave source 100 can only flow to the specified radiation array surface 300 through the corresponding output waveguide 230 and are radiated out; meanwhile, the corresponding radiation array surface 300 adjusts the self beam direction through a phase modulation device according to the radiation angle requirement, and ensures that the beam finally points to the required position; after the above actions are completed, the control system controls the high power microwave source 100 to generate high power microwaves, and the high power microwaves are fed into the specified radiation front 300 through the opened transmission mechanism and finally radiated to the target position. The omnibearing radiation high-power microwave system can ensure that the microwave is quickly radiated to a specified space position on the premise of only adopting one set of high-power microwave source 100, and greatly reduces the volume, weight and complexity of the system.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The high-power microwave system is characterized by comprising a high-power microwave source for generating high-power microwaves, a radiation antenna for radiating the high-power microwaves to a specified space position, and a power divider for connecting the high-power microwave source and the radiation antenna, wherein the radiation antenna is in a polyhedral structure, and a plurality of output ends of the power divider respectively correspond to and are connected with a plurality of surfaces of the radiation antenna.
2. The omni-directional radiation high-power microwave system according to claim 1, wherein the power distributor comprises a plurality of transmission mechanisms respectively connected with the high-power microwave source, each transmission mechanism comprises a feed-in waveguide, a microwave switch and an output waveguide sequentially connected in sequence, the feed-in waveguide is connected with the output end of the high-power microwave source, and the output waveguide is connected with the radiation antenna.
3. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system according to claim 2, wherein the length of said feed waveguide is n + λ/4, where n is a non-negative integer and λ is the waveguide guided wavelength.
4. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system according to claim 1, wherein said high power microwave source comprises a primary energy source, a pulsed power source, a relativistic microwave generating device and accessories or components including vacuum, guided magnetic fields.
5. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system according to claim 4, wherein the high power microwave source is a compact Marx generator, the compact Marx generator drives a relativistic backward wave tube to generate high power microwave, the output microwave mode is a circular waveguide TM01 mode, and the output end is a hollow circular waveguide.
6. The omni-directionally radiating high-power microwave system according to claim 1, wherein said radiating antenna is a polyhedron structure composed of a plurality of radiating fronts, said radiating fronts include radiating surfaces and a feeder line disposed inside said radiating surfaces, and a phase modulation device for performing directional modulation on a radiation beam on the radiating fronts is disposed inside said feeder line.
7. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system of claim 6, wherein said radiation front further comprises an antenna window disposed outboard of the radiation front.
8. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system according to claim 6, wherein said radiation front is one or a combination of a mechanically scanned antenna and a phased array antenna.
9. The omni-directionally radiating high power microwave system according to claim 8, wherein said radiating antenna is a hexagonal structure with 6 radiating fronts, said radiating fronts are two-dimensional phased arrays, and the beam adjusting range is a cone angle of plus or minus 60 ° perpendicular to the normal of the front surface.
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| CN202110804224.8A CN113540827B (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | High-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions |
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| CN202110804224.8A CN113540827B (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | High-power microwave system capable of radiating in all directions |
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| CN113540827B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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