CN113533977A - Method for detecting internal reaction parameters of lithium ion power battery - Google Patents
Method for detecting internal reaction parameters of lithium ion power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113533977A CN113533977A CN202110578265.XA CN202110578265A CN113533977A CN 113533977 A CN113533977 A CN 113533977A CN 202110578265 A CN202110578265 A CN 202110578265A CN 113533977 A CN113533977 A CN 113533977A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting internal reaction parameters of a lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps: 1) the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet is pre-arranged in the battery, and deforms under the action of the change of an electric field generated by the reaction in the battery through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet to form dynamic excitation; 2) detecting a vibration signal by a vibration pickup and converting the vibration signal into an electric signal; 3) compared with the prior art, the lithium ion power battery voltage measuring method has the advantages of no damage to battery integrity, nondestructive detection, signal loss avoidance, high accuracy, good real-time performance, large dynamic measurement range, simple structure, easiness in maintenance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion power batteries and detection, in particular to a method for detecting internal reaction parameters of a lithium ion power battery.
Background
In the context of rapid consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, natural gas, etc., conventional shallow drilling has become a difficult deep drilling. While traditional energy acquisition difficulties have increased exponentially, energy demand has increased. Therefore, new renewable energy sources are becoming the inevitable choice. Lithium ion power batteries have occupied a large proportion of electronic products and automotive energy systems due to the advantages of power density and cleanliness.
With the continuous rising of the energy density of the lithium ion power battery for the vehicle, the safety of the pure electric vehicle becomes a problem to be solved urgently. Under the conditions of ultralow temperature, high-rate quick charge, overheating, extrusion, collision, internal short circuit and the like, the internal reaction mechanism is relatively complex, the information measured by an external parameter detection means is very limited, and the difference between the information and the internal reaction parameter is relatively large. The existing technical means such as thermocouple implantation and the like need drilling, implantation and glue sealing on the surface of a battery shell, and the risk of damaging sealing glue at a sealing part exists due to a large amount of gas generation and overpressure in the battery shell in the actual use process. There is also a loss of signal transmission due to internal electrical signal shielding.
Therefore, the method is placed in the early stage of battery production, and the research of the reaction of each working condition through wireless transmission of internal reaction parameters becomes a necessary way for the research of the safety protection of the lithium ion power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for detecting internal reaction parameters of a lithium ion power battery.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting internal reaction parameters of a lithium ion power battery comprises the following steps:
1) the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet is pre-arranged in the battery, and deforms under the action of the change of an electric field generated by the reaction in the battery through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet to form dynamic excitation;
2) detecting a vibration signal by a vibration pickup and converting the vibration signal into an electric signal;
3) and the demodulator acquires the electric signal and then demodulates the electric signal to obtain the internal parameters of the lithium ion power battery, namely the real-time change condition of the voltage.
In the step 1), when the lithium ion power battery is produced, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheets are preset between the sheet materials in the battery and are compressed.
In the step 1), the thickness of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is below millimeter level.
For the lithium ion power battery implanted with the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the internal reaction parameter detection of the parameter battery can be carried out only if the difference between the external characteristic of the lithium ion power battery and the external characteristic of the lithium ion power battery not implanted with the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is within 1 percent.
The manufacturing method of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet comprises the following steps:
and sticking the piezoelectric ceramic sheet made of lead zirconate titanate material on the round brass sheet to make the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet.
In the step 1), when the internal reaction electric field of the battery changes and a voltage is applied to the two ends of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a displacement is generated in the vertical direction according to the inverse piezoelectric effect, and the displacement is in a linear relationship with the voltage applied to the two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the following steps are provided:
Δy＝kU
where Δ y is a displacement amount of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the vertical direction, U is a voltage applied across the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and k is a proportionality coefficient of the inverse piezoelectric effect.
In the step 2), the vibration pickup is arranged on a measuring point of the battery shell.
In the step 2), the vibration pickup converts the battery excitation as an input quantity from the mechanical receiving part into a mechanical quantity, and then converts the mechanical quantity into an electric signal through the electromechanical conversion part.
In the step 2), the electric signal generated by the vibration pickup is decoded by the decoder after passing through the digital frequency device.
The step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
31) under normal conditions, the vibration pickup measures and obtains an initial vibration signal of the tested lithium ion power battery;
32) measuring by a vibration pickup to obtain corresponding vibration signals of the lithium ion power battery to be measured under various working conditions;
33) and obtaining a difference value obtained by subtracting the corresponding vibration signal and the initial vibration signal under each working condition as the displacement of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the vertical direction, further obtaining the change of the electric field in the lithium ion power battery to be measured, and finishing the measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is placed in the battery and then packaged during battery production, so that nondestructive detection, diagnosis and reaction parameter wireless transmission of various internal parameters of the lithium ion power battery under failure and reaction are realized on the premise of not damaging the integrity of the lithium ion power battery, and signal loss caused by electric signal shielding in the battery can be effectively avoided.
Secondly, the accuracy is high, the real-time is good, the dynamic measurement range is large, the structure is simple, and the maintenance is easy.
And thirdly, obtaining the corresponding relation between the internal reaction of different batteries and the characteristics of the excitation signal under different working conditions through experimental determination, and establishing each reaction database for correcting the existing model and providing data support for subsequent battery detection modeling.
The electric field intensity variation parameters which are generated by the internal reaction of the battery and difficult to measure are ingeniously converted into vibration data through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic, the vibration data are collected and converted into electric signals through the vibration pickup and then are decoded, and finally real vibration signals under various working conditions are obtained, so that the variation condition of the internal voltage of the battery can be directly and accurately reflected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the detection of an internal reaction parameter according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting the internal reaction of a lithium ion power battery based on the inverse piezoelectric effect, vibration signal pickup and conversion.
The notation in the figure is:
1. battery, 2, miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet, 3, vibration pickup, 4, digital frequency device, 5, decoder.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the invention provides a method for detecting internal reaction parameters and wirelessly transmitting signals of a lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, changing an electric field in the battery in the electrochemical reaction process, and continuously generating deformation of piezoelectric ceramics through an inverse piezoelectric effect under the action of the electric field to form dynamic excitation;
secondly, the vibration pickup converts the vibration signal into an electric signal;
thirdly, the vibration pickup sends the generated electric signal to a digital demodulator;
and fourthly, demodulating by a demodulator to obtain the measured internal reaction parameter, decoding, and finally obtaining the internal reaction parameter, namely the voltage, of the lithium ion power battery.
In the first step, before beginning to detect, miniature piezoceramics thin slice is implanted among the inside lamella material of battery in battery production process, need not to implant battery case drilling after the encapsulation shaping, and in the aspect of the concrete realization, lithium ion power battery is before the capsule shaping, puts miniature piezoceramics thin slice and compresses tightly among the inside lamella material of battery, carries out subsequent handling such as encapsulation, stoving, notes liquification formation again.
The thickness of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is below millimeter level, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is compressed by a sheet material in the battery in the production process, and the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is compared with the external characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic battery which is not placed, and only the difference is below 1 percent, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet can be used for parameter measurement, which shows that the implanted miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet has no influence on the normal use of the battery.
The piezoelectric ceramic used in the embodiment is made of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) materials, and the PZT materials are adhered to the micro brass sheet to form the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet which has obvious piezoelectric effect and inverse piezoelectric effect. Application of an electric field along the dielectric polarization direction causes mechanical deformation of the crystal. Without the action of an electric field, the dielectric deformation disappears immediately.
In the second step, the electrical signal generated by the vibration pickup cannot be directly received by the subsequent analyzing and recording instrument, and needs to be processed by a digital frequency processor and then decoded by a decoder.
The detection principle of the invention is as follows:
in the electrochemical reaction process in the battery, the internal electric field changes, so that the voltages at two ends of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet change, and displacement is generated in the vertical direction according to the inverse piezoelectric effect, and the displacement is in a linear relation with the voltages at two ends within a certain range, so that the following steps are provided:
Δy＝kU
in the formula, Δ y is the displacement of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the vertical direction; u is the voltage at two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; k is a scaling factor.
The process of converting substantial electrical energy of the inverse piezoelectric effect into mechanical energy is described as follows:
S＝eE
wherein S is the Young' S modulus of the crystal; e is a piezoelectric constant; e is the electric field strength.
The vibration pickup is directly fixed on a measuring point of the battery shell, the vibration pickup converts battery excitation in an original state as input quantity from a mechanical receiving part into mechanical quantity suitable for conversion, and then the mechanical and electrical conversion part converts the mechanical quantity into electrical signals, the battery excitation in the original state is the inherent vibration of the battery, under each working condition to be measured, when the sensor shell moves along with the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet, an inertia mass block supported by an elastic body moves relative to the shell, the recording notes on the mass block record the relative vibration displacement amplitude of a mass element and the battery shell, and the difference between the relative vibration displacement amplitude and the battery excitation in the original state is obtained to obtain the vibration data of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet under the working condition, so that the voltage data and the electric field change condition of two ends of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet are obtained, and the detection of the battery internal parameters is completed.
The invention can realize nondestructive detection, diagnosis and reaction parameter wireless transmission of various invalid and reacted internal parameters of the lithium ion power battery on the premise of not destroying the integrity of the commercial battery, and can avoid signal loss caused by electric signal shielding in the conventional battery. The method has the characteristics of high accuracy, good real-time performance, large dynamic measurement range, simple structure, easy maintenance and the like.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting internal reaction parameters of a lithium ion power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet is pre-arranged in the battery, and deforms under the action of the change of an electric field generated by the reaction in the battery through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet to form dynamic excitation;
2) detecting a vibration signal by a vibration pickup and converting the vibration signal into an electric signal;
3) and the demodulator acquires the electric signal and then demodulates the electric signal to obtain the internal parameters of the lithium ion power battery, namely the real-time change condition of the voltage.
2. The method for detecting the internal reaction parameters of the lithium-ion power battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheets are pre-arranged between the internal sheet materials of the battery and are compressed during the production of the lithium-ion power battery.
3. The method for detecting the internal reaction parameter of the lithium-ion power battery according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the thickness of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet is less than or equal to a millimeter.
4. The method for detecting the internal reaction parameters of the lithium ion power battery according to claim 3, wherein the lithium ion power battery with the embedded miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheets can be used for detecting the internal reaction parameters of the parameter battery only if the difference between the external characteristics of the lithium ion power battery and the external characteristics of the lithium ion power battery without the embedded miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheets is within 1%.
5. The method for detecting the internal reaction parameters of the lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, wherein the method for manufacturing the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet is as follows:
and sticking the piezoelectric ceramic sheet made of lead zirconate titanate material on the round brass sheet to make the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1), when the internal reaction electric field of the battery changes and a voltage is applied to two ends of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the method generates a displacement in the vertical direction according to the inverse piezoelectric effect, and the displacement is in a linear relationship with the voltage applied to the two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and includes:
Δy＝kU
where Δ y is a displacement amount of the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the vertical direction, U is a voltage applied across the micro piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and k is a proportionality coefficient of the inverse piezoelectric effect.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2), the vibration pickup is mounted on a measuring point of the battery case.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2), the vibration pickup converts the battery excitation as an input into a mechanical quantity by the mechanical receiving portion, and then converts the mechanical quantity into an electrical signal by the electromechanical converting portion.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2), the electrical signal generated by the vibration pickup is decoded by the decoder after passing through the digital frequency device.
10. The method for detecting the internal reaction parameters of the lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
31) under normal conditions, the vibration pickup measures and obtains an initial vibration signal of the tested lithium ion power battery;
32) measuring by a vibration pickup to obtain corresponding vibration signals of the lithium ion power battery to be measured under various working conditions;
33) and obtaining a difference value obtained by subtracting the corresponding vibration signal and the initial vibration signal under each working condition as the displacement of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the vertical direction, further obtaining the change of the electric field in the lithium ion power battery to be measured, and finishing the measurement.
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2021
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