CN113530558B - Double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method for high-large chamber - Google Patents
Double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method for high-large chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113530558B CN113530558B CN202110962731.4A CN202110962731A CN113530558B CN 113530558 B CN113530558 B CN 113530558B CN 202110962731 A CN202110962731 A CN 202110962731A CN 113530558 B CN113530558 B CN 113530558B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YTAHJIFKAKIKAV-XNMGPUDCSA-N [(1R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-1-phenylpropyl] N-[(3S)-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl]carbamate Chemical compound O=C1[C@H](N=C(C2=C(N1)C=CC=C2)C1=CC=CC=C1)NC(O[C@H](CCN1CCOCC1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O YTAHJIFKAKIKAV-XNMGPUDCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/02—Driving inclined tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of a high-large chamber, which comprises the following steps: determining the length, width and height of the chamber and the arch height of the chamber; determining the layering height of the chamber; constructing a lower straight roadway; constructing a slag tapping gallery; constructing a lower curved roadway; constructing a mountain inclined roadway; constructing a rock drilling platform; constructing an upper straight roadway; constructing a slag-discharging drop shaft; brushing vaults on a rock drilling platform and an upper straight roadway until the vault of the chamber is excavated, and deslagging by utilizing a deslagging drop shaft and a deslagging gallery; and carrying out layered construction until the construction of the chamber is completed. The invention has the characteristics of low slag discharging cost, simple slag discharging process, safety, environmental protection and good ventilation effect, and can reduce the construction cost, reduce the safety risk and easily control the quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mine construction, in particular to a double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of a tall and large chamber.
Background
The increase of mine exploitation scale and the improvement of mechanization level provide space for the use of large underground chambers of underground mines, and the popularization rate of the large underground chambers is higher and higher. The tunneling and supporting of the high-large chamber are always key and difficult points of mine foundation construction, and the traditional chamber tunneling method is generally divided into four methods according to the stability degree and the excavation size of surrounding rock of the chamber, namely a full-section construction method, a step construction method, a pilot tunnel construction method and a ore sliding method, however, the four methods have certain limitations or are influenced by the section size, the construction difficulty is high and the construction efficiency is low, or are influenced by the chamber size and the surrounding rock condition, the span is large, the section is large and variable, the inlet and outlet channels are narrow, the mutual interference is large, the applicability is poor, and the potential safety hazards existing in the construction process are correspondingly increased; if a full-section construction method is adopted, the problems of complex supporting procedure, large exposed area of roof surrounding rock and difficult guarantee of personnel safety exist in the early stage, slag discharge is difficult, ventilation is difficult to ensure, investment is large, and construction cost is high. Therefore, the construction method suitable for the high-rise chamber is researched and provided, the quality and the safety of the mine chamber construction are ensured, the chamber construction cost is reduced, and the method has important practical significance for the mine construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method for a high-large chamber, which is simple to operate and high in construction efficiency.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a double drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of a tall chamber comprises the following steps:
a. determining the length, width and height of the chamber and the arch height of the chamber according to the construction requirements of the chamber;
b. determining the layering height of the chamber according to the height of the chamber;
c. constructing a lower straight lane reaching the central axis of the chamber along the middle position of one side of the opening of the chamber, and determining the section size of the lower straight lane;
d. constructing a slag tapping gallery at the middle position of the bottom of the chamber along the length direction of the chamber, and determining the section size of the slag tapping gallery until the slag tapping gallery reaches the front end and the rear end of the chamber;
e. constructing a lower curved roadway reaching the left side wall of the chamber along the lower straight roadway, wherein the center line of the lower curved roadway is 10m away from the tail end of the chamber, the lower curved roadway is communicated with the lower straight roadway, and the section size of the lower curved roadway is determined;
f. constructing an upward inclined drift which reaches the arch part of the chamber along the left side wall of the chamber at one side of the lower curved drift, wherein the central line of the upward inclined drift forms an angle of 12 degrees with the central line of the lower curved drift;
g. constructing a rock drilling platform communicated with the inclined drift of the mountain at a first layering position at the front end of the chamber, and determining the height and the section size of the rock drilling platform;
h. constructing an upper straight roadway on one side of a rock drilling platform, and determining the height and the section size of the upper straight roadway;
i. constructing vertical slag pass through the first layered position of the chamber at the front end and the rear end of a slag pass at the bottom of the chamber, wherein the front slag pass is communicated with the slag pass and an upper straight lane, the rear slag pass is constructed to the first layered interface and is communicated with the slag pass, and the height and the section size of the slag pass are determined;
j. brushing vaults on a rock drilling platform and an upper straight roadway until the vault of the chamber is excavated, and deslagging by utilizing a deslagging drop shaft and a deslagging gallery;
k. the subsequent layered construction method is the same as the construction step of j until the construction of the chamber is completed.
According to the double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method for the high-large chamber, the front end and the rear end of the chamber are in a closed state, and only the lower straight drift is used as a personnel inlet and outlet.
In the step a, the arch height of the chamber is designed according to 1/3-1/4 of the width of the chamber.
In the step j, in order to facilitate the perforation and blasting of the arch part layer, a working platform is erected by a frame pipe for perforation during each gun tunneling, the tunneling gangue is shoveled to the slag drop shaft by a loader, falls to the slag drop shaft, is conveyed to a gangue bin by a scraper, is lifted to the ground by a skip, an anchor rod lifting point is pre-arranged at the top of the chamber after the tunneling of the arch part of the chamber is completed, in the construction process, if the surrounding rock of the arch part of the chamber is unstable after the excavation, the section of the arch part of the chamber is inspected according to a middle waist line, and then anchor ropes and anchor nets are permanently supported by spraying concrete, and the anchor ropes and the anchor nets are permanently supported by spraying concrete with the thickness of the strength grade C25 and 200 mm.
According to the double-drop shaft-inclined roadway combined layered construction method for the high-large chamber, the front-end slag drop shaft is communicated with the slag drop shaft and the upper straight roadway, the rear-end slag drop shaft is constructed to the first layered interface and is communicated with the slag drop shaft, and the double-drop shaft mode is adopted for construction.
In the step k, the anchor rod is used for spraying the anchor slurry for supporting in the process of digging by finding the upper side and hanging the net, and after the front end and the rear end of the chamber are constructed, the permanent supporting of the front end and the rear end of the chamber is sequentially carried out from top to bottom until the construction of the chamber is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the characteristics of simple slag discharging process, safety, environmental protection and good ventilation effect, and can reduce construction cost, reduce safety risk and easily control quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic construction diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the construction of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal inclined drift-drilling platform.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a double drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of a tall and large chamber comprises the following steps:
a. the length, width and height of the chamber 1 are determined according to the construction requirements of the chamber 1, and the arch height of the chamber 1. The length of the chamber 1 exceeds 100m, the height exceeds 30m, the width exceeds 15m, the arch height exceeds 6m, the arch height of the chamber 1 is designed according to 1/3-1/4 of the width of the chamber 1, and the arch height of the chamber 1 is determined to be 6.5m after the arch height of the chamber 1 is calculated to be 6.66 m-5.0 m.
b. The layered height of the chamber 1 is determined according to the height of the chamber 1.
Because the span and the length of the chamber 1 are large, the division of the layered height of the chamber 1 should meet the construction requirement, and the drilling requirement should be met at the same time, the first layered 9 is 6.5m, the second layered 10, the third layered 11, the fourth layered 12 and the fifth layered 13 are 5.0m, and the sixth layered 14 is 5.5m.
c. And constructing a lower straight lane 2 reaching the central axis of the chamber 1 along the middle position of one side of the opening of the chamber 1, and determining the section size of the lower straight lane 2.
The front end and the rear end of the chamber 1 are in a closed state, and only the lower straight roadway 2 is used as a personnel entrance and exit. The section size of the lower straight lane 2 meets the passing requirements of mechanical equipment and personnel.
d. And constructing a slag tap gallery 3 at the middle position of the bottom of the chamber 1 along the length direction of the chamber 1, and determining the section size of the slag tap gallery 3 by leading the slag tap gallery 3 to the front end and the rear end of the chamber 1. In order to facilitate rapid deslagging, the deslagging gallery 3 is selected to be positioned at the middle position in the length direction of the chamber 1, and the section size is 3m wide and 3m high.
e. And a lower curved roadway 4 reaching the left side wall of the chamber 1 is constructed along the lower straight roadway 2, the center line of the lower curved roadway 4 is 10m away from the tail end of the chamber 1, the lower curved roadway 4 is adopted to prevent overlarge gradient so as to ensure crawling and personnel passing of construction machinery, the lower curved roadway 4 is communicated with the lower straight roadway 2, and the section size of the lower curved roadway 4 is the same as the size of the lower straight roadway 2.
f. And constructing an ascending inclined roadway 5 which reaches the arch part of the chamber 1 along the left side of the chamber 1 at one side of the lower curved roadway 4, wherein the central line of the ascending inclined roadway 5 and the central line of the lower curved roadway 4 form an angle of 12 degrees, and the ascending inclined roadway 5 mainly has the functions of temporarily storing gangue and slag ores and facilitating the transportation of the slag ores.
g. And constructing a rock drilling platform 6 communicated with the inclined drift 5 at the first layered 9 position at the front end of the chamber 1, wherein the length of the rock drilling platform 6 exceeds 5m, and determining that the height and the section size of the rock drilling platform 6 meet the construction rock drilling requirement, so that the construction is convenient and efficient.
h. And an upper straight roadway 8 is constructed on one side of the rock drilling platform 6, the length of the upper straight roadway 8 exceeds 6m, and the height and the section size of the upper straight roadway 8 meet the rock drilling requirements of construction, so that the high-efficiency construction is convenient.
i. The front end and the rear end of the slag pass 3 at the bottom of the chamber 1 are respectively constructed to reach vertical slag pass 7 at the position of the first layered 9 of the chamber 1, the number of the slag passes 7 is 2, the size of the slag passes 7 is 3m in diameter and 25.5m in height, wherein the slag passes 7 at the front end are communicated with the slag pass 3 and the upper straight pass 8, and the slag passes 7 at the rear end are constructed to the interface of the first layered 9 and are communicated with the slag pass 3 at a distance of 114m; and constructing by adopting a double drop shaft mode.
j. And (3) brushing vaults on the rock drilling platform 6 and the upper straight roadway 8 until the vault of the chamber 1 is excavated, and deslagging by using the deslagging drop shaft 7 and the deslagging roadway 3.
In order to facilitate the perforation and blasting of the arch part layer, a working platform is erected by a frame pipe for perforation during each gun tunneling, the tunneling gangue adopts a loader shovel to a slag chute 7, falls to a slag gallery 3, is conveyed to a gangue bin by a scraper, is lifted to the ground by a skip, and can also run gangue through a climbing inclined gallery 5, after the tunneling of the arch part of a chamber 1 is completed, an anchor rod hanging point is preset at the top of the chamber 1, thereby providing convenience for the installation of later equipment; in the construction process, if surrounding rock of the arch part is unstable after excavation, checking the arch part section of the chamber 1 according to the middle waist line, and after the section is qualified, performing anchor cable and anchor net spraying permanent support, wherein the anchor cable and the anchor net spraying concrete are subjected to permanent support with the strength grade of C25 and 200 mm.
k. The subsequent layered construction method is the same as the construction step of j until the construction of the chamber 1 is completed.
And (3) in the tunneling process, searching the upper and hanging the net, and bolting, spraying anchor slurry and supporting, and after the front end and the rear end of the chamber 1 are constructed, sequentially carrying out permanent supporting on the front end and the rear end of the chamber 1 from top to bottom until the construction of the chamber 1 is completed.
Claims (6)
1. The double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method for the high-large chamber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. determining the length, width and height of the chamber and the arch height of the chamber according to the construction requirements of the chamber;
b. determining the layering height of the chamber according to the height of the chamber;
c. constructing a lower straight lane reaching the central axis of the chamber along the middle position of one side of the opening of the chamber, and determining the section size of the lower straight lane;
d. constructing a slag tapping gallery at the middle position of the bottom of the chamber along the length direction of the chamber, and determining the section size of the slag tapping gallery until the slag tapping gallery reaches the front end and the rear end of the chamber;
e. constructing a lower curved roadway reaching the left side wall of the chamber along the lower straight roadway, wherein the center line of the lower curved roadway is 10m away from the tail end of the chamber, the lower curved roadway is communicated with the lower straight roadway, and the section size of the lower curved roadway is determined;
f. constructing an upward inclined drift which reaches the arch part of the chamber along the left side wall of the chamber at one side of the lower curved drift, wherein the central line of the upward inclined drift forms an angle of 12 degrees with the central line of the lower curved drift;
g. constructing a rock drilling platform communicated with the inclined drift of the mountain at a first layering position at the front end of the chamber, and determining the height and the section size of the rock drilling platform;
h. constructing an upper straight roadway on one side of a rock drilling platform, and determining the height and the section size of the upper straight roadway;
i. constructing vertical slag-discharging drop shafts at the front end and the rear end of a slag-discharging gallery at the bottom of the chamber and reaching the first layered position of the chamber, wherein the slag-discharging drop shaft at the front end is communicated with an upper straight gallery, and the slag-discharging drop shaft at the rear end is at the interface with the first layered position to determine the height and the section size of the slag-discharging drop shaft;
j. brushing vaults on a rock drilling platform and an upper straight roadway until the vault of the chamber is excavated, and deslagging by utilizing a deslagging drop shaft and a deslagging gallery;
k. the construction method of the subsequent layering is the same as the first layering construction step until the construction of the chamber is completed.
2. The double drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of the tall and large chamber according to claim 1, wherein the front end and the rear end of the chamber are in a closed state, and only a lower straight drift is used as a personnel entrance and exit.
3. The double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of the tall and large chamber according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the arch height of the chamber is designed according to 1/3-1/4 of the width of the chamber.
4. The double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of the tall and large chamber according to claim 1, wherein in the step j, in order to facilitate the perforation and blasting of arch part layers, a working platform is erected by a frame pipe for perforation during each gun tunneling, the tunneling gangue adopts a loader shovel to a slag drop shaft, falls to a slag drop shaft, is conveyed to a gangue warehouse by a scraper, is lifted to the ground by a skip bucket, after the tunneling of the arch part of the chamber is completed, anchor rod hanging points are arranged in advance at the top of the chamber, in the construction process, if the surrounding rock of the arch part is unstable after the excavation, the arch part section of the chamber is inspected according to a middle waist line, anchor ropes and anchor nets are permanently supported after the section is qualified, the anchor ropes and the anchor nets are sprayed with concrete, and the strength grade C25 and 200mm is permanently supported.
5. The double drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of the high and large chamber according to claim 1, wherein the front end slag drop shaft is communicated with a slag drop shaft and an upper straight drift, the slag drop shaft at the rear end is constructed to a first layered interface and is communicated with the slag drop shaft, and the construction is performed in a double drop shaft mode.
6. The double-drop shaft-inclined drift combined layered construction method of the tall and large chamber according to claim 1, wherein in the step k, the anchor rod is used for spraying the anchor slurry for supporting while finding the upper and hanging the net in the tunneling process, and after the front end and the rear end of the chamber are constructed, the permanent supporting of the front end and the rear end of the chamber is sequentially carried out from top to bottom until the chamber construction is completed.
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CN113863243A (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2021-12-31 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Construction method for quickly excavating underground powerhouse of hydropower station |
CN114753873A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-07-15 | 湖南涟邵建设工程(集团)有限责任公司 | Construction method for vertical deep hole in top of high and large chamber |
CN114893225B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2024-06-21 | 湖南科技大学 | Construction method for small-section tunnel tunneling-roof-picking and expanding brushing of oversized chamber |
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