CN113526460A - Device and method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste - Google Patents
Device and method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526460A CN113526460A CN202110873550.4A CN202110873550A CN113526460A CN 113526460 A CN113526460 A CN 113526460A CN 202110873550 A CN202110873550 A CN 202110873550A CN 113526460 A CN113526460 A CN 113526460A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber and a hydrogen purification unit, wherein the combustion chamber and the hydrogen purification unit are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit; the pyrolysis unit is used for carrying out the pyrolysis to organic solid phase rubbish, and the gas that the pyrolysis produced can get into carry out postcombustion in the combustion chamber, the waste heat that the postcombustion produced is used for doing the heat supply of pyrolysis unit, hydrogen purification unit is used for carrying out the purification of hydrogen to pyrolysis gas, just hydrogen purification unit with still be provided with air feed channel between the combustion chamber for gas after the purification gets back to the combustion chamber. The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste. The invention can effectively improve the hydrogen yield, save energy, reduce energy consumption and have good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen extraction, in particular to a device and a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes.
Background
Hydrogen has been widely used in various fields as a clean energy source, and the conventional hydrogen production method: such as electrolysis, hydrocarbon cracking, hydrocarbon steam reforming, and refinery gas extraction, all can produce hydrogen with high purity, but these methods consume much power and are relatively poor in economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste, which improves the hydrogen yield, saves energy, reduces energy consumption and has good economic benefit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber and a hydrogen purification unit, wherein the combustion chamber and the hydrogen purification unit are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit;
the pyrolysis unit is used for carrying out the pyrolysis to organic solid phase rubbish, and the gas that the pyrolysis produced can get into carry out postcombustion in the combustion chamber, the waste heat that the postcombustion produced is used for doing the heat supply of pyrolysis unit, hydrogen purification unit is used for carrying out the purification of hydrogen to pyrolysis gas, just hydrogen purification unit with still be provided with air feed channel between the combustion chamber for gas after the purification gets back to the combustion chamber.
The working process of extracting hydrogen in the invention is as follows:
firstly, controlling the initial pyrolysis temperature in a pyrolysis unit to be 200-400 ℃, and carrying out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, wherein the content of hydrogen in pyrolysis gas is lower and is only about 5%, and if the hydrogen is extracted at the moment, the economy is poor; consequently, the control second valve is opened, first valve is closed, pyrolysis gas just gets into and carries out the postcombustion in the combustion chamber, the waste heat of production can continuously be the pyrolysis unit heat supply, temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches more than 800 ℃, when hydrogen content is higher in the pyrolysis gas, alright open with control first valve, the second valve is closed, pyrolysis gas gets into hydrogen purification unit and purifies, residual gas then returns the combustion chamber and continues to burn, continuously be the pyrolysis unit heat supply, guarantee that the temperature in the pyrolysis unit maintains more than 800 ℃, guarantee the output of hydrogen.
Therefore, the organic solid-phase garbage pyrolysis device carries out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber to carry out secondary combustion, and the waste heat generated by the secondary combustion is fully utilized to supply heat to the pyrolysis unit so as to enable the pyrolysis temperature to reach the preset temperature, so that the waste heat recycling is realized, the yield of hydrogen is improved, the energy is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefit is good.
Optionally, the pyrolysis unit is a low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace, and the initial temperature in the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace is 200-400 ℃;
or, the temperature in the combustion chamber is above 1100 ℃.
Optionally, the combustion chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet channel, and the pyrolysis unit is internally provided with a heat supply pipe and communicated with the tail gas outlet channel.
Optionally, the pyrolysis device further comprises a temperature detection unit arranged in the pyrolysis unit and a controller, wherein the temperature detection unit is used for monitoring the pyrolysis temperature, the temperature detection unit, the first valve and the second valve are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve according to a monitoring result of the temperature detection unit.
Optionally, the hydrogen purification unit comprises a membrane separation device and a pressure swing adsorption device which are connected in sequence, and the membrane separation device comprises at least two stages of membrane separators.
Optionally, the membrane separation device further comprises a first compressor and a buffer tank which are connected in sequence, the pyrolysis gas is compressed by the first compressor and then stored in the buffer tank, and an outlet of the buffer tank is connected with the membrane separation device.
Optionally, the hydrogen storage device further comprises a second compressor and a gas storage tank which are connected in sequence, and the hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device is pressurized by the second compressor and then stored in the gas storage tank.
Optionally, the device further comprises an after-treatment unit communicated with the combustion chamber, and the after-treatment unit is used for performing after-treatment on tail gas generated after combustion and discharging the tail gas after reaching standards.
The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen from the organic solid waste by pyrolysis, which is based on the device for extracting hydrogen from the organic solid waste by pyrolysis as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
controlling the initial temperature in the pyrolysis unit, opening the first valve and closing the second valve, pyrolyzing the organic solid-phase garbage by the pyrolysis unit, feeding the generated pyrolysis gas into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion, and supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit by using waste heat generated by the secondary combustion;
when the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches the preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is opened, the generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit to carry out hydrogen purification, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber to continue to combust, so that heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, and the pyrolysis temperature is kept above the preset temperature.
The method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste is suitable for the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, so that the method has the same technical effect as the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, and is not repeated herein.
Optionally, the initial temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the preset temperature is 800 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen purification unit in the apparatus for extracting hydrogen from the organic solid waste by pyrolysis in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the hydrogen purification unit of FIG. 2;
wherein the reference numerals of fig. 1-3 are explained as follows:
1-low temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace; 2-a combustion chamber; 3-a hydrogen purification unit; 31-a buffer tank; 32-a membrane separation device; 33-a first compressor; 34-a pressure swing adsorption unit; 35-a gas storage tank; 4-post-processing unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, the technical idea will be explained.
According to engineering practice, a large amount of combustible gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and the like is generated in the process of pyrolyzing the organic solid wastes. Therefore, if the hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas can be extracted and recycled, good economic benefit and environmental benefit can be generated, and resource waste can not be caused.
According to the research, the content of hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas gradually increases along with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, and the industrial solid waste treatment technology published by the Chinese petrochemical press gives relevant data of the influence of the pyrolysis temperature on the gas components and content, as shown in the following table.
Influence of pyrolysis temperature on gas composition (%)
From the above table, when the pyrolysis temperature reaches 815 ℃, the hydrogen occupancy rate is as high as about 27.6%, and the yield of hydrogen is greatly increased, but if the organic solid phase garbage is directly pyrolyzed at a high temperature of more than 800 ℃, the energy consumption is high, the equipment is complex, great energy waste is caused, and the economic benefit is not high.
The present invention is designed based on this technical idea, and the following describes the specific scheme of the present invention in detail.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, herein are used for convenience in describing two or more structures or components that are identical or similar in structure and/or function and do not denote any particular limitation in order and/or importance.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of an apparatus for extracting hydrogen gas by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to the present invention.
The invention provides a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber 2 and a hydrogen purification unit 3, wherein the combustion chamber 2 and the hydrogen purification unit 3 are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit;
the pyrolysis unit is used for carrying out the pyrolysis to organic solid phase rubbish, and the gas that the pyrolysis produced carries out the postcombustion in can getting into combustion chamber 2, and the waste heat that the postcombustion produced is used for the pyrolysis unit heat supply to make the pyrolysis temperature reach preset the temperature, hydrogen purification unit 3 is used for carrying out the purification of hydrogen to the pyrolysis gas, and still is provided with gas supply channel between hydrogen purification unit 3 and combustion chamber 2, is used for the gas after the purification to return to combustion chamber 2.
The working process of extracting hydrogen in the invention is as follows:
firstly, controlling the initial pyrolysis temperature in a pyrolysis unit to be 200-400 ℃, and carrying out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, wherein the content of hydrogen in pyrolysis gas is lower and is only about 5%, and if the hydrogen is extracted at the moment, the economy is poor; consequently, the control second valve is opened, first valve is closed, pyrolysis gas just gets into and carries out the postcombustion in the combustion chamber 2, the waste heat of production can continuously be the pyrolysis unit heat supply, when the temperature in the pyrolysis unit improves to 800 ℃, hydrogen content is higher in the pyrolysis gas, at this moment, alright open with control first valve, the second valve is closed, pyrolysis gas gets into hydrogen purification unit 3 and purifies, residual gas then returns combustion chamber 2 and continues to burn, continuously be pyrolysis unit heat supply, guarantee that the temperature in the pyrolysis unit maintains more than 800 ℃, guarantee the output of hydrogen.
Therefore, the organic solid-phase garbage is subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 2 for secondary combustion, and the waste heat generated by the secondary combustion is fully utilized to supply heat to the pyrolysis unit so as to enable the pyrolysis temperature to reach the preset temperature, so that the waste heat is recycled, the yield of hydrogen is improved, the energy is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the good economic benefit is achieved; meanwhile, the emission of carbon dioxide is greatly reduced, and the total amount of other gases except hydrogen is basically unchanged, so that the carbon neutralization is obviously facilitated.
Wherein, in this embodiment, the pyrolysis unit is low temperature magnetization pyrolysis oven 1 for carry out low temperature magnetization pyrolysis to organic solid phase rubbish, initial temperature in the low temperature magnetization pyrolysis oven 1 can set up to 200 ~ 400 ℃.
The low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis is that magnetized air is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace, and the activity of oxygen in the air is greatly improved after the air is magnetized, so that the air quantity entering the furnace can be reduced, and on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced; on the other hand, the content of nitrogen gas entering the furnace is correspondingly reduced, and the heat value of the pyrolysis combustible gas is improved. Meanwhile, the pyrolyzed solid garbage is also magnetized, the intermolecular cohesion is reduced, and the pyrolysis effect is effectively improved.
Specifically, the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 can comprise a thermal decomposition chamber and a feeding bin arranged on the thermal decomposition chamber, the feeding bin is communicated with the thermal decomposition chamber, a screen used for bearing garbage is arranged in the thermal decomposition chamber, and an ash removal device used for discharging incinerated ash from the thermal decomposition chamber is arranged below the screen in the thermal decomposition chamber; an air chamber is arranged outside the thermal decomposition chamber, a plurality of air pipes used for air to enter the thermal decomposition chamber from the air chamber are arranged on the air chamber, an oxygen magnetizing device is arranged outside the feeding chamber, and an air pipe used for inputting oxygen in the magnetized air into the air chamber is connected to the oxygen magnetizing device.
By adopting the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, when organic solid-phase garbage is treated, firstly, the ignition substances are ignited on the screen mesh, then, the organic solid-phase garbage is fed from the material inlet, and the garbage falls onto the screen mesh; simultaneously, the oxygen in the air is magnetized by the oxygen magnetizing device, the magnetized oxygen is sent into the air chamber through the air pipe, the magnetized oxygen fills the air chamber, then enters the thermal decomposition chamber through the air pipe, and after the magnetized oxygen is fully contacted with the garbage on the screen, the air containing a large amount of magnetized oxygen is forcibly sent into the thermal decomposition chamber to pressurize the thermal decomposition chamber, so that the garbage is magnetized and decomposed more fully; the ash generated after the garbage decomposition is automatically sent out of the thermal decomposition chamber through the ash cleaning device, and the whole process is efficient.
Wherein the temperature in the combustion chamber 2 may be set to 1100 deg.c or higher. Certainly, the combustion chamber 2 mainly serves to supply heat to the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, so that the temperature in the combustion chamber 2 is not strictly limited as long as the temperature in the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 can be stabilized to be above 800 ℃ in the later stage, specifically to be between 800 ℃ and 950 ℃, and at this time, the hydrogen yield is high, and the economic benefit is good.
Simultaneously, combustion chamber 2 is the heat supply of low temperature magnetization pyrolysis oven 1, specifically can be through setting up the heating pipe in low temperature magnetization pyrolysis oven 1 is inside, and combustion chamber 2 is provided with tail gas outlet passage, and tail gas outlet passage and heating pipe intercommunication, so, the tail gas that produces behind the postcombustion alright with get into the heating pipe and supply heat to low temperature magnetization pyrolysis oven 1, improve the pyrolysis temperature.
In practical application, the heating pipe can also be arranged in the interlayer of the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1.
The pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis unit, a first valve, a second valve, a controller and a temperature detection unit, wherein the pyrolysis unit is arranged in the pyrolysis unit, the temperature detection unit is used for monitoring the pyrolysis temperature, the temperature detection unit, the first valve and the second valve are electrically connected with the controller, the controller can control the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve according to the monitoring result of the temperature detection unit, specifically, when the temperature detection unit monitors that the pyrolysis temperature is lower than 800 ℃, the controller controls the first valve to be opened, the second valve to be closed, and pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 2 to be fully combusted; when the temperature detection unit monitors that the pyrolysis temperature reaches 800 ℃, the controller controls the first valve to be closed and the second valve to be opened, the pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit 3 to carry out hydrogen purification, and the intelligent level of the invention is effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hydrogen purification unit of the apparatus for extracting hydrogen from organic solid waste by pyrolysis in fig. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the hydrogen purification unit of fig. 2.
In the invention, the hydrogen purification unit 3 comprises a membrane separation device 32, a first compressor 33 and a pressure swing adsorption device 34 which are connected in sequence, wherein the membrane separation device 32 comprises at least two stages of membrane separators, pyrolysis gas is firstly subjected to secondary purification through the two stages of membrane separators, the pressure after membrane purification is about 0.1MPa, then the pyrolysis gas is pressurized to 1.0-1.5 MPa through the first compressor 33, and enters the pressure swing adsorption device 34 for tertiary purification, and finally the hydrogen with the purity of more than 99.99 percent is obtained.
The purification of the hydrogen gas by the membrane separation device 32 and the pressure swing adsorption device 34 is a mature process in the prior art, and is not described herein again.
Further, a second compressor and a buffer tank 31 are sequentially connected to store the pyrolysis gas temporarily, and an outlet of the buffer tank 31 is connected to the membrane separation device 32.
The hydrogen purification device further comprises a third compressor and a gas storage tank 35 which are connected in sequence, and the high-purity hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device 34 is compressed by the third compressor and then stored in the gas storage tank 35, so that the hydrogen purification device is convenient to store, transport and use subsequently.
In addition, the device also comprises a post-treatment unit 4 communicated with the combustion chamber 2 and used for post-treating the tail gas generated after combustion, and the tail gas is discharged after meeting the requirements of the pollution control standard for domestic waste incineration, so that the pollution to the environment is avoided, and the device is more green and environment-friendly.
The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, and the device for extracting hydrogen based on the organic solid waste comprises the following steps:
controlling the initial temperature in the pyrolysis unit, opening the first valve, closing the second valve, pyrolyzing the organic solid-phase garbage by the pyrolysis unit, feeding the generated pyrolysis gas into the combustion chamber 2 for secondary combustion, and supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit by waste heat generated by the secondary combustion;
when the temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches the preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is controlled to be opened, the generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit 3 to carry out hydrogen purification, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber 2 to be continuously combusted to continuously supply heat to the pyrolysis unit so as to keep the pyrolysis temperature above the preset temperature.
The method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste is suitable for the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, so that the method has the same technical effect as the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, and is not repeated herein.
Wherein the initial temperature of the pyrolysis unit is 200-400 ℃, and the preset temperature is 800 ℃.
In practical application, the pyrolysis temperature can be kept between 800 ℃ and 950 ℃, so that the economic benefit is high and the hydrogen yield is stable.
The apparatus and method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained in the present document by using specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber (2) and a hydrogen purification unit (3), wherein the combustion chamber (2) and the hydrogen purification unit (3) are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit, a first valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the combustion chamber (2), and a second valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the hydrogen purification unit (3);
the pyrolysis unit is used for carrying out the pyrolysis to organic solid phase rubbish, and the gas that the pyrolysis produced can get into carry out the postcombustion in combustion chamber (2), the waste heat that the postcombustion produced is used for doing the pyrolysis unit heat supply, hydrogen purification unit (3) are used for carrying out the purification of hydrogen to the pyrolysis gas, just hydrogen purification unit (3) with still be provided with air feed channel between combustion chamber (2) for gas after the purification returns to combustion chamber (2).
2. The device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis unit is a low-temperature magnetic pyrolysis furnace (1), and the initial temperature in the low-temperature magnetic pyrolysis furnace (1) is 200-400 ℃;
or the temperature in the combustion chamber (2) is more than 1100 ℃.
3. The apparatus for extracting hydrogen by pyrolysis of organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (2) is provided with a tail gas outlet channel, and the pyrolysis unit is internally provided with a heat supply pipe and communicated with the tail gas outlet channel.
4. The device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature detection unit and a controller, wherein the temperature detection unit is arranged in the pyrolysis unit and used for monitoring pyrolysis temperature, the temperature detection unit, the first valve and the second valve are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve according to a monitoring result of the temperature detection unit.
5. The apparatus for extracting hydrogen from pyrolytic organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrogen purification unit (3) comprises a membrane separation device (32), a first compressor (33) and a pressure swing adsorption device (34) connected in series, the membrane separation device (32) comprises at least two stages of membrane separators, and the first compressor (33) is used for pressurizing the gas purified by the membrane separation device (32).
6. The device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste according to claim 5, further comprising a second compressor and a buffer tank (31) which are connected in sequence, wherein the pyrolysis gas is compressed by the second compressor and then stored in the buffer tank (31), and an outlet of the buffer tank (31) is connected with the membrane separation device (32).
7. The apparatus for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to claim 5, further comprising a third compressor and a gas storage tank (35) connected in sequence, wherein the hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device (34) is compressed by the third compressor and then stored in the gas storage tank (35).
8. The apparatus for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to claim 3, further comprising a post-treatment unit (4) connected to the tail gas outlet channel, for post-treating the tail gas generated after combustion and discharging the tail gas after reaching the standard.
9. A method for extracting hydrogen from organic solid waste by pyrolysis, which is based on the device for extracting hydrogen from organic solid waste by pyrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
controlling the initial temperature in the pyrolysis unit, opening the first valve and closing the second valve, pyrolyzing the organic solid-phase garbage by the pyrolysis unit, feeding the generated pyrolysis gas into the combustion chamber (2) for secondary combustion, and supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit by using waste heat generated by the secondary combustion;
when the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches the preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is opened, the generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit (3) to carry out purification of hydrogen, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber (2) to continue combustion and continuously supplies heat to the pyrolysis unit, so that the pyrolysis temperature is kept above the preset temperature.
10. The method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid waste according to claim 9, wherein the initial temperature is 200-400 ℃ and the preset temperature is 800 ℃.
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Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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