CN113526460B - Device and method for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste - Google Patents
Device and method for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526460B CN113526460B CN202110873550.4A CN202110873550A CN113526460B CN 113526460 B CN113526460 B CN 113526460B CN 202110873550 A CN202110873550 A CN 202110873550A CN 113526460 B CN113526460 B CN 113526460B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber and a hydrogen purification unit, wherein the combustion chamber and the hydrogen purification unit are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit, a first valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the combustion chamber, and a second valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the hydrogen purification unit; the pyrolysis unit is used for pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage, gas generated by pyrolysis can enter the combustion chamber to carry out secondary combustion, waste heat generated by secondary combustion is used for supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit, the hydrogen purification unit is used for purifying the pyrolysis gas by hydrogen, and a gas supply channel is further arranged between the hydrogen purification unit and the combustion chamber and used for returning purified gas to the combustion chamber. The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen from the pyrolysis organic solid waste. The invention can effectively improve the hydrogen yield, save energy, reduce energy consumption and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen extraction, in particular to a device and a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes.
Background
Hydrogen has been widely used as a clean energy source in various fields, and the conventional hydrogen production method is as follows: such as electrolysis, hydrocarbon cracking, hydrocarbon steam conversion, refinery gas extraction, can produce hydrogen with high purity, but these methods have high power consumption and poor economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which improves the yield of hydrogen, saves energy, reduces energy consumption and has good economic benefit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber and a hydrogen purification unit, wherein the combustion chamber and the hydrogen purification unit are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit, a first valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the combustion chamber, and a second valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the hydrogen purification unit;
the pyrolysis unit is used for pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage, gas generated by pyrolysis can enter the combustion chamber to carry out secondary combustion, waste heat generated by secondary combustion is used for supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit, the hydrogen purification unit is used for purifying the pyrolysis gas by hydrogen, and a gas supply channel is further arranged between the hydrogen purification unit and the combustion chamber and used for returning purified gas to the combustion chamber.
The working process of extracting hydrogen of the invention is as follows:
firstly, controlling the initial pyrolysis temperature in a pyrolysis unit to be 200-400 ℃, and carrying out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, wherein the content of hydrogen in pyrolysis gas is low and is about 5%, and if the hydrogen is extracted at the moment, the economy is poor; therefore, the second valve is controlled to be opened, the first valve is closed, pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber to carry out secondary combustion, generated waste heat can continuously supply heat to the pyrolysis unit, when the temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches more than 800 ℃, the first valve can be controlled to be opened when the content of hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas is higher, the second valve is closed, the pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit to carry out purification, the residual gas returns to the combustion chamber to continue to burn, the heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, the temperature in the pyrolysis unit is ensured to be maintained to be more than 800 ℃, and the yield of hydrogen is ensured.
Therefore, the invention firstly carries out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, and enables pyrolysis gas to enter the combustion chamber for secondary combustion, and the waste heat generated by the secondary combustion is fully utilized to supply heat to the pyrolysis unit, so that the pyrolysis temperature reaches the preset temperature, thereby realizing the recycling of the waste heat, improving the yield of hydrogen, saving energy, reducing energy consumption and having good economic benefit.
Optionally, the pyrolysis unit is a low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace, and the initial temperature in the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace is 200-400 ℃;
or, the temperature in the combustion chamber is 1100 ℃ or higher.
Optionally, the combustion chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet channel, and the pyrolysis unit is internally provided with a heat supply pipe and is communicated with the tail gas outlet channel.
Optionally, still including set up in temperature detection unit in the pyrolysis unit, and the controller, temperature detection unit is used for monitoring pyrolysis temperature, temperature detection unit first valve the second valve all with the controller electricity is connected, the controller can be according to temperature detection unit's monitoring result control first valve with the start and stop of second valve.
Optionally, the hydrogen purification unit comprises a membrane separation device and a pressure swing adsorption device which are sequentially connected, and the membrane separation device comprises at least two stages of membrane separators.
Optionally, the pyrolysis gas storage device further comprises a first compressor and a buffer tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the pyrolysis gas is stored in the buffer tank after being compressed by the first compressor, and an outlet of the buffer tank is connected with the membrane separation device.
Optionally, the hydrogen purifying device further comprises a second compressor and an air storage tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device is stored in the air storage tank after being pressurized by the second compressor.
Optionally, the device further comprises a post-treatment unit communicated with the combustion chamber, and the post-treatment unit is used for carrying out post-treatment on tail gas generated after combustion and discharging the tail gas after reaching standards.
The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes, which is based on the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing organic solid wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of controlling an initial temperature in a pyrolysis unit, opening a first valve and closing a second valve, pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage by the pyrolysis unit, enabling generated pyrolysis gas to enter a combustion chamber for secondary combustion, and supplying heat for the pyrolysis unit by waste heat generated by the secondary combustion;
when the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches the preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is opened, generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit to purify hydrogen, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber to continue to burn, so that heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, and the pyrolysis temperature is kept above the preset temperature.
The method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste is applicable to the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, so that the method has the same technical effects as the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, and is not repeated herein.
Optionally, the initial temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the preset temperature is 800 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of an apparatus for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen purification unit in the apparatus for extracting hydrogen from the pyrolysis organic solid waste of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the hydrogen purification unit of FIG. 2;
wherein the reference numerals of fig. 1-3 are as follows:
1-a low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace; 2-combustion chamber; a 3-hydrogen purification unit; 31-a buffer tank; 32-membrane separation device; 33-a first compressor; 34-a pressure swing adsorption unit; 35-an air storage tank; 4-post-processing unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Before describing the specific scheme of the invention, the technical idea is first explained.
From engineering practices, it is known that during the pyrolysis of organic solids, a large amount of combustible gases, such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, etc., are produced. Therefore, if the hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas can be extracted and recycled, good economic benefit and environmental benefit can be generated, and the waste of resources can not be caused.
According to the research, as the pyrolysis temperature increases, the content of hydrogen in pyrolysis gas gradually increases, and the relevant data of the influence of the pyrolysis temperature on the gas components and content are given in industrial solid waste treatment technology published by China petrochemical Press, as shown in the following table.
Influence of pyrolysis temperature on gas composition (%)
As shown in the table, when the pyrolysis temperature reaches 815 ℃, the hydrogen content is about 27.6%, the yield of hydrogen can be greatly increased, but if the pyrolysis temperature is directly higher than 800 ℃ for organic solid-phase garbage, the energy consumption is high, the equipment is complex, great energy waste can be caused, and the economic benefit is low.
The invention is designed based on the technical thought, and the specific scheme of the invention is described in detail below.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, herein are merely used for convenience in describing two or more structures or components that are identical or functionally similar, and do not denote any particular limitation of order and/or importance.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of an apparatus for extracting hydrogen from organic solid waste by pyrolysis according to the present invention.
The invention provides a device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste, which comprises a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber 2 and a hydrogen purification unit 3, wherein the combustion chamber 2 and the hydrogen purification unit 3 are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit, a first valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the combustion chamber 2, and a second valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the hydrogen purification unit 3, so that the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve are controlled, and pyrolysis gas can be controlled to enter the combustion chamber 2 for secondary combustion or enter the hydrogen purification unit 3 for purification of hydrogen;
the pyrolysis unit is used for pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage, gas generated by pyrolysis can enter the combustion chamber 2 to carry out secondary combustion, waste heat generated by secondary combustion is used for supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit so that pyrolysis temperature reaches a preset temperature, the hydrogen purification unit 3 is used for purifying the pyrolysis gas, and a gas supply channel is further arranged between the hydrogen purification unit 3 and the combustion chamber 2 and used for returning purified gas to the combustion chamber 2.
The working process of extracting hydrogen of the invention is as follows:
firstly, controlling the initial pyrolysis temperature in a pyrolysis unit to be 200-400 ℃, and carrying out low-temperature pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, wherein the content of hydrogen in pyrolysis gas is low and is about 5%, and if the hydrogen is extracted at the moment, the economy is poor; therefore, the second valve is controlled to be opened, the first valve is closed, pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 2 to carry out secondary combustion, generated waste heat can continuously supply heat to the pyrolysis unit, when the temperature in the pyrolysis unit is increased to 800 ℃, the hydrogen content in the pyrolysis gas is higher, at the moment, the first valve can be controlled to be opened, the second valve is closed, the pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit 3 to carry out purification, the residual gas returns to the combustion chamber 2 to continue to burn, the heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, the temperature in the pyrolysis unit is ensured to be maintained above 800 ℃, and the yield of the hydrogen is ensured.
In this way, the invention first carries on the pyrolysis to the organic solid-phase rubbish, and make the pyrolysis gas enter the combustion chamber 2 and carry on the secondary combustion, make full use of the waste heat that the secondary combustion produces to carry on the heat supply to the pyrolysis unit, in order to make the pyrolysis temperature reach the preset temperature, has already realized the cyclic utilization of the waste heat, raise the output of hydrogen, save the energy, reduce the energy consumption, have good economic benefits; simultaneously, the emission of carbon dioxide is greatly reduced, and the total amount of other gases except hydrogen is basically unchanged, thus being obviously helpful for carbon neutralization.
In this embodiment, the pyrolysis unit is a low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, which is used for performing low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, and the initial temperature in the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 may be set to be 200-400 ℃.
The low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis is carried out, namely, magnetization air is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace, and after the air is magnetized, the activity of oxygen in the air is greatly improved, so that the air quantity entering the furnace can be reduced, and on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced; on the other hand, the content of nitrogen entering the furnace is correspondingly reduced, and the heat value of the pyrolysis combustible gas is improved. Meanwhile, the pyrolyzed solid garbage is magnetized, the intermolecular cohesion is reduced, and the pyrolysis effect is effectively improved.
Specifically, the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 may include a thermal decomposition chamber and a feeding bin disposed on the thermal decomposition chamber, the feeding bin is communicated with the thermal decomposition chamber, a screen for carrying garbage is disposed in the thermal decomposition chamber, and an ash removing device for discharging incinerated ash out of the thermal decomposition chamber is disposed below the screen in the thermal decomposition chamber; the outside of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with an air chamber, the air chamber is provided with a plurality of air pipes for air to enter the thermal decomposition chamber from the air chamber, the outside of the feeding chamber is provided with an oxygen magnetizing device, and the oxygen magnetizing device is connected with an air pipe for inputting oxygen in the magnetized air into the air chamber.
By adopting the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, when the organic solid-phase garbage is treated, the ignition material is firstly ignited on the screen, then the organic solid-phase garbage is thrown into the screen from the material port, and the garbage falls onto the screen; simultaneously, oxygen in the air is magnetized through an oxygen magnetizing device, the magnetized oxygen is sent into an air chamber through an air pipe, the air chamber is filled with the magnetized oxygen, then the magnetized oxygen enters a thermal decomposition chamber through an air pipe, and after the magnetized oxygen fully contacts with garbage on a screen, the air containing a large amount of magnetized oxygen is forcedly sent into the thermal decomposition chamber, and the thermal decomposition chamber is pressurized, so that the garbage is magnetized and decomposed more fully; ash residues generated after the garbage decomposition are automatically sent out of the thermal decomposition chamber through the ash removing device, and the whole process is efficient.
Wherein the temperature in the combustion chamber 2 may be set to 1100 ℃ or higher. Of course, the main function of the combustion chamber 2 is to supply heat to the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, so the temperature in the combustion chamber 2 is not strictly limited, as long as the temperature in the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 in the later stage can be ensured to be stabilized at more than 800 ℃, and particularly can be stabilized between 800 ℃ and 950 ℃, and at this time, the hydrogen yield is high, and the economic benefit is good.
Meanwhile, the combustion chamber 2 supplies heat for the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, and specifically, the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1 is internally provided with a heat supply pipe, the combustion chamber 2 is provided with a tail gas outlet channel, and the tail gas outlet channel is communicated with the heat supply pipe, so that tail gas generated after secondary combustion can enter the heat supply pipe to supply heat for the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1, and the pyrolysis temperature is improved.
In practical application, the heating pipe can also be arranged in the interlayer of the low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace 1.
Further, the pyrolysis device further comprises a temperature detection unit and a controller, wherein the temperature detection unit is arranged in the pyrolysis unit and is used for monitoring pyrolysis temperature, the temperature detection unit, the first valve and the second valve are all electrically connected with the controller, the controller can control the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve according to the monitoring result of the temperature detection unit, specifically, when the temperature detection unit detects that the pyrolysis temperature is lower than 800 ℃, the controller controls the first valve to be opened, the second valve is closed, and pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 2 for full combustion; when the temperature detection unit detects that the pyrolysis temperature reaches 800 ℃, the controller controls the first valve to be closed, the second valve to be opened, pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit 3 to purify hydrogen, and the intelligent level of the invention is effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen purification unit in the apparatus for extracting hydrogen from the pyrolysis organic solid waste of fig. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the hydrogen purification unit of fig. 2.
In the invention, the hydrogen purification unit 3 comprises a membrane separation device 32, a first compressor 33 and a pressure swing adsorption device 34 which are sequentially connected, wherein the membrane separation device 32 comprises at least two stages of membrane separators, pyrolysis gas is subjected to secondary purification through the two stages of membrane separators, the pressure after membrane purification is about 0.1MPa, and then the pressure is increased to 1.0-1.5 MPa through the first compressor 33, and the hydrogen enters the pressure swing adsorption device 34 for three times of purification, so that the hydrogen with the purity of more than 99.99% is finally obtained.
The purification of the hydrogen gas fed by the membrane separation device 32 and the pressure swing adsorption device 34 is a mature process in the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Further, a second compressor and a buffer tank 31 are sequentially connected to facilitate temporary storage of pyrolysis gas, and an outlet of the buffer tank 31 is connected to a membrane separation device 32.
The device also comprises a third compressor and an air storage tank 35 which are sequentially connected, and the high-purity hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device 34 is compressed by the third compressor and then stored in the air storage tank 35, so that the storage, the transportation and the subsequent use are facilitated.
In addition, the combustion chamber 2 is further provided with a post-treatment unit 4 communicated with the combustion chamber, and is used for carrying out post-treatment on tail gas generated after combustion, and the tail gas is discharged after meeting the requirements of 'domestic garbage incineration pollution control standard', so that the pollution to the environment is avoided, and the combustion chamber is more environment-friendly.
The invention also provides a method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, which is based on the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste and comprises the following steps:
the pyrolysis unit is controlled to have initial temperature, the first valve is opened, the second valve is closed, the pyrolysis unit carries out pyrolysis on the organic solid-phase garbage, generated pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 2 for secondary combustion, and waste heat generated by the secondary combustion supplies heat for the pyrolysis unit;
when the temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches the preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is controlled to be opened, generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit 3 to purify hydrogen, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber 2 to continue burning, so that heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, and the pyrolysis temperature is kept above the preset temperature.
The method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste is applicable to the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, so that the method has the same technical effects as the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolyzing the organic solid waste, and is not repeated herein.
Wherein the initial temperature of the pyrolysis unit is 200-400 ℃, and the preset temperature is 800 ℃.
In practical application, the pyrolysis temperature can be kept at 800-950 ℃, and at this time, the economic benefit is high and the hydrogen yield is stable.
The device and the method for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste provided by the invention are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and the embodiments of the invention, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The device for extracting hydrogen from the pyrolysis organic solid waste is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis unit, a combustion chamber (2) and a hydrogen purification unit (3), wherein the combustion chamber (2) and the hydrogen purification unit (3) are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis unit, a first valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the combustion chamber (2), and a second valve is arranged between the pyrolysis unit and the hydrogen purification unit (3);
the pyrolysis unit is used for pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage, gas generated by pyrolysis can enter the combustion chamber (2) to carry out secondary combustion, waste heat generated by secondary combustion is used for supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit, the hydrogen purification unit (3) is used for purifying hydrogen to the pyrolysis gas, and a gas supply channel is further arranged between the hydrogen purification unit (3) and the combustion chamber (2) and used for returning purified gas to the combustion chamber (2);
the initial temperature in the pyrolysis unit is 200-400 ℃; in a stable working state, the temperature in the pyrolysis unit is 800-950 ℃;
the combustion chamber (2) is provided with a tail gas outlet channel, and a heat supply pipe is arranged in the pyrolysis unit and is communicated with the tail gas outlet channel.
2. The device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis unit is a low-temperature magnetization pyrolysis furnace (1);
or, the temperature in the combustion chamber (2) is 1100 ℃ or higher.
3. The device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature detection unit and a controller, wherein the temperature detection unit is arranged in the pyrolysis unit and is used for monitoring pyrolysis temperature, the temperature detection unit, the first valve and the second valve are all electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve according to the monitoring result of the temperature detection unit.
4. A device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the hydrogen purification unit (3) comprises a membrane separation device (32), a first compressor (33) and a pressure swing adsorption device (34) connected in sequence, the membrane separation device (32) comprising at least two stages of membrane separators, the first compressor (33) being used for pressurizing the gas purified by the membrane separation device (32).
5. The apparatus for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a second compressor and a buffer tank (31) connected in sequence, wherein the pyrolysis gas is stored in the buffer tank (31) after being compressed by the second compressor, and an outlet of the buffer tank (31) is connected with the membrane separation device (32).
6. The device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to claim 4, further comprising a third compressor and an air storage tank (35) which are sequentially connected, wherein the hydrogen purified by the pressure swing adsorption device (34) is compressed by the third compressor and stored in the air storage tank (35).
7. The device for extracting hydrogen from pyrolysis organic solid waste according to claim 1, further comprising a post-treatment unit (4) connected with the tail gas outlet channel, wherein the post-treatment unit is used for post-treating tail gas generated after combustion and discharging the tail gas after reaching standards.
8. A method for extracting hydrogen by pyrolysis of organic solid waste, which is based on the device for extracting hydrogen by pyrolysis of organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of controlling an initial temperature in a pyrolysis unit, opening a first valve and closing a second valve, pyrolyzing organic solid-phase garbage by the pyrolysis unit, enabling generated pyrolysis gas to enter a combustion chamber (2) for secondary combustion, and supplying heat for the pyrolysis unit by waste heat generated by the secondary combustion;
when the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis unit reaches a preset temperature, the first valve is controlled to be closed, the second valve is opened, generated pyrolysis gas enters the hydrogen purification unit (3) to purify hydrogen, and the rest gas returns to the combustion chamber (2) to continue combustion, so that heat is continuously supplied to the pyrolysis unit, and the pyrolysis temperature is kept above the preset temperature;
the initial temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the preset temperature is 800-950 ℃.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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