CN111662752A - Clean and efficient garbage gasification and energy utilization system and garbage gasification and energy utilization method - Google Patents
Clean and efficient garbage gasification and energy utilization system and garbage gasification and energy utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111662752A CN111662752A CN201910165878.3A CN201910165878A CN111662752A CN 111662752 A CN111662752 A CN 111662752A CN 201910165878 A CN201910165878 A CN 201910165878A CN 111662752 A CN111662752 A CN 111662752A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for gasifying and utilizing municipal refuse, in particular to a system and a method for gasifying and utilizing refuse materials, which are composed of a refuse gasification reaction device, a gasifying agent generating device, a fuel gas purifying treatment device, a refuse crushing, drying and sealing feeding device, a sealing slag discharging device, an oxidant input device and the like. The uniqueness of the system comprises that a gasification agent generating device generates an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent which is required by garbage gasification and the temperature of which can be effectively controlled according to garbage materials and process requirements; the garbage gasification reaction device is used for providing a space structure and reaction conditions for the gasification reaction by directly contacting and acting the garbage materials with the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent to generate the gasification reaction. According to the gasification and energy utilization requirements, while the gasification reaction is maintained and the fuel gas is generated and output, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent can be output as high-temperature heat energy, so that clean and efficient gasification and energy utilization are realized; has the characteristics of high gasification and energy efficiency, no dioxin generation Young, suitability for municipal refuse containing hydrocarbon components and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clean and efficient garbage gasification system and method and a garbage energy clean utilization system and method, in particular to a garbage gasification system, an energy utilization system, a garbage gasification method and an energy utilization method.
Background
The large amount of waste generated annually in various size cities leads to increasingly serious environmental problems, and the existing waste treatment methods and processes have serious pollution discharge problems. Due to the complex sources and components and large quantity of various urban wastes, the urban wastes cause increasingly serious 'city enclosing' phenomenon and environmental protection problems for various-scale towns. The final treatment methods of municipal waste have long been landfill and waste incineration: the former needs to occupy a large amount of land, causes serious and even permanent pollution and damage to the atmosphere, soil and underground water, is limited by the land, natural environment and environment restoration capability, and is difficult to continue; the latter generates emission of fly ash, dioxin Young, a highly toxic substance and other pollutants in the process of waste incineration, and is increasingly and strongly objected and resisted by people, so that the emission is difficult to popularize. Both of these two methods of garbage disposal not only fail to achieve effective clean disposal and elimination of the increasing municipal garbage, but also cause serious atmospheric pollution and environmental destruction, as well as waste of energy and resources.
Because the municipal solid waste comprises various materials such as plastics and the like, the components are complex, and the material state and the heat value of the waste are different, different treatment methods and corresponding energy recycling methods need to be adopted. Due to the problems and limitations of landfill disposal, the garbage materials which are difficult to classify and recycle through garbage can only be subjected to decrement treatment through a garbage incineration method to solve the problem of 'surrounding cities' of the garbage and realize energy utilization. However, as the waste generally contains complex components such as plastics and has a low calorific value, the waste can achieve the purposes of reducing the amount of the waste and generating heat through the 'strong oxidation' process of the conventional waste incineration treatment, but the direct incineration treatment of the waste can generate toxic substances such as dioxin Young and other secondary pollutants such as nitrogen oxide (NOx), so that the problem of serious secondary pollution is caused, the 'neighbor effect' is caused in the public, and the solution of the problem of urban waste is seriously influenced.
At present, the gasification of garbage is also a common method for garbage reduction treatment and energy utilization. However, because the conventional combustion-semi-combustion method is adopted in the existing garbage gasification technology, a strong oxidation process of garbage combustion still exists in the gasification process, and although the purposes of garbage reduction and gasification can be achieved, toxic substances dioxin Young and other gas pollutants are still generated at the same time, so that the problem of garbage pollution treatment cannot be completely solved.
The existing garbage gasification technology and characteristics
In addition to landfill, direct incineration is the simplest and most basic way of disposing and utilizing refuse, and is also one of the ways currently in common use. However, because the material and material characteristics of the garbage have the characteristics of wide variation range, low calorific value and the like, the existing garbage incineration system has the problems of simple equipment, low energy efficiency, obvious atmospheric pollution discharge, generation of toxic substance dioxin Young and other gas pollutants and the like, and belongs to the garbage treatment method and technology which should be eliminated. The clean and efficient gasification of the garbage is an effective method and development direction for realizing the reduction treatment of the garbage, efficiently utilizing energy and solving the environmental problem. The existing garbage gasification and the device and the technology thereof are developed from the original Lurgi furnace technical principle and the basic device structure on the basis of the coal gasification technology, but are not popularized in reality. Generally, the pressure of a gasification device can be classified into normal gasification and pressurized gasification (medium-pressure gasification and high-pressure gasification); the gasification temperature can be classified into low-temperature gasification, medium-temperature gasification and high-temperature gasification; the heating mode can be classified into internal heating type gasification and external heating type gasification; the moving state of the garbage material in the gasification furnace can be classified into a fixed bed, a fluidized bed and an entrained flow bed; the oxidant adopted by garbage gasification can be classified into air, oxygen-enriched oxygen and pure oxygen; the gas output position of the gasification device can be classified into one-stage type, two-stage type, etc.
The existing garbage gasification technology and device can be a combination of the above various classification characteristics, such as an atmospheric fixed-layer intermittent garbage gasification technology, an atmospheric fixed-layer garbage oxygen-enriched continuous gasification technology, a Lurgi fixed-bed garbage pressurized gasification technology, a fluidized bed garbage gasification technology, a two-section garbage pressurized gasification technology and the like. The garbage gasification process technology and the garbage gasification system have the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages and the application range. Moreover, the existing various garbage gasification process technologies and systems only complete garbage gasification production, but cannot directly utilize the produced fuel gas to generate heat energy or secondary energy for different applications, so that clean and efficient utilization of the fuel gas is realized.
Because the external heating type garbage gasification technology is different from the internal heating type gasification technology, the gasification scale is small, the efficiency is low, and the technical characteristics are not described in a tired way; similarly, the garbage incineration technology and the technical invention belong to different garbage reduction treatment and energy utilization technologies, and the technical characteristics are not described in detail. The core characteristic of the existing internal heating type garbage gasification technology is that a gasification agent of the technology is composed of an oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched oxygen or pure oxygen) and water vapor, wherein the oxidant and garbage materials generate combustion reaction in a garbage gasification space to generate heat energy required by the gasification of the garbage materials; the combustion layer formed in the garbage material is in a combustion-semi-combustion state by controlling the amount of the oxidant, so as to produce the heat energy required for maintaining the gasification reaction of the garbage. The existing garbage gasification technology is characterized in that the garbage gasification can be concluded according to three movement modes of garbage materials in a garbage gasification device, and the functions and the effects of the garbage gasification device, particularly the composition, the functions and the effects of a gasification agent, are comprehensively compared.
1. Fixed bed:
the fixed bed garbage gasification furnace has a grate at the lower part for supporting the fixed garbage layer. Generally, the waste material is fed from the top of the gasifier and the gasifying agent (oxygen or air and water vapor) is fed from the lower part of the grate, forming a counter current flow between the gas and the solid. The gasifying agent enters a garbage gasifying furnace (garbage gasifying device), and oxygen in the gasifying agent and garbage materials at the bottom are combusted to generate heat energy required by garbage gasification; by controlling the amount of the gasifying agent entering the garbage gasifying furnace, a combustion-semi-combustion layer is formed and maintained at the bottom, and continuous garbage dry distillation and gasification reaction of the garbage layer above the combustion-semi-combustion layer are realized. The garbage gasification technology has the characteristics of simple technology and furnace body structure, and can be used for normal pressure or pressurization gasification, but has the problems of small garbage treatment amount per unit volume, low efficiency, serious pollution, difficult large-scale and the like.
2. A grate furnace:
the grate furnace garbage gasification furnace continuously conveys garbage into the gasification furnace by rotating the grate, and gasification agents (oxygen or air and water vapor) are introduced from the lower part and the side surface of the grate to form gas-solid flow of garbage materials and the gasification agents. The gasifying agent enters a garbage gasification furnace (garbage gasification device), and oxygen in the gasifying agent and garbage materials on the grate are combusted to generate heat energy required by garbage gasification; by controlling the amount of the gasifying agent entering the garbage gasifying furnace, a garbage combustion-semi-combustion layer is formed and maintained at the bottom, and continuous garbage dry distillation and gasification reaction of the garbage layer above the garbage combustion-semi-combustion layer are realized. The garbage gasification technology has the characteristics of simple technology and furnace body structure, normal pressure or pressurization gasification, large continuous feeding and garbage treatment capacity, large scale, low gasification efficiency and serious pollution.
3. Fluidized bed:
the fluidized bed garbage gasification furnace adds garbage materials into the gasification furnace in a transmission conveying mode, garbage is supplied on a fluidized bed dispersion plate, and a gasification agent (oxygen and water vapor) is fed from the lower part of the dispersion plate, so that the garbage materials are combusted with the oxygen in the gasification agent in a suspension state, and heat energy required by garbage gasification is generated to realize garbage dry distillation and gasification; the combustion-semi-combustion state of the combustion layer is controlled and maintained by controlling the amount of the gasification agent entering the garbage gasification furnace, so that heat energy required by gasification is generated, and the continuous dry distillation and gasification reaction of the garbage materials in the gasification furnace are realized. Compared with a fixed bed gasification furnace, the fluidized bed gasification furnace has the advantages of large garbage treatment capacity, large scale, normal pressure or pressurization gasification, low gasification efficiency, serious pollution and the like.
The comprehensive comparison and analysis of the existing garbage gasification technology and the working principle thereof can conclude that the existing normal-pressure or pressurized garbage gasification technology directly adds a gasification agent consisting of air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen and water vapor into a garbage gasification furnace (a garbage gasification reactor), and utilizes the oxygen in the gasification agent to combust with a part of garbage materials in the garbage gasification furnace to produce the temperature and heat required by cracking and gasifying the rest garbage materials. The combustion-semi-combustion state of the combustion layer of the garbage material is controlled by controlling the amount of the oxidant entering the garbage gasification furnace, so that the gasification of the garbage material is realized and completed. Therefore, the existing waste gasification technology and waste gasification device have the following three main disadvantages:
1) the combustion-semi-combustion process of the garbage materials and oxygen in the gasifying agent in the garbage gasification furnace is a strong oxidation process, generates highly toxic substances dioxin Young, nitrogen oxides and other gas pollutants, and has the same serious problem of emission of harmful gases and atmospheric pollutants as garbage incineration;
2) the problems of low gasification and energy efficiency and pollution discharge caused by over-high and over-low non-uniform gasification temperature distribution in the gasification process of the garbage gasification furnace, particularly the problems of energy efficiency and tar pollution discharge of the normal-pressure fixed bed garbage gasification technology which takes air as an oxidant are serious;
3) the operation state and gasification efficiency of the garbage gasification furnace are realized by controlling the amount of the oxidant entering the furnace, in particular by adjusting and controlling the combustion-semi-combustion state and gasification temperature of the garbage material combustion layer. However, effective control is still difficult to achieve due to characteristics such as material and calorific value of the waste material, resulting in low gasification efficiency and energy efficiency of the waste gasification furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a garbage gasification equipment system and a garbage gasification method which have high garbage gasification efficiency and energy efficiency, do not generate dioxin Young which is a highly toxic substance, have small discharge of nitrogen oxides and other gas pollutants and effectively realize the control of the garbage gasification process; the problems of pollutant emission, gasification efficiency, gasification control and the like of dioxan Young and the like in the conventional garbage gasification technology are effectively solved, the garbage material pretreatment process and a gasification equipment system are simplified, and the equipment investment and the operation cost are reduced. The method is suitable for various wastes containing carbon and hydrogen components, and has no strict requirements on the material density and the state of the wastes; in order to facilitate drying and transport of the waste material within the gasification system, the waste is generally subjected to only a substantial crushing process. On the basis of the garbage gasification system and the garbage gasification method, the energy efficient utilization system and the energy utilization method are formed, and clean and efficient gasification and efficient energy utilization of the garbage are realized.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a garbage gasification and energy utilization system and a garbage gasification and energy utilization method are utilized, and main components of the system comprise carbon dioxide, water (steam) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in an oxidant) as a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent; the gasification agent generating device (2) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and provides a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the garbage gasification reaction device; the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to provide gasified garbage materials for the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device; the fuel gas treatment device (4) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and is used for treating the generated crude fuel gas; the gas treatment device (4) is connected with the gasifying agent generating device (2) and provides clean gas for the gasifying agent generating device; the closed slag discharging device (5) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to discharge ash; the oxidant input device (6) is connected with the gasification agent generating device (2) and provides air, rich oxygen or pure oxygen for the gasification agent generating device.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the gasification agent generating device (2) generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent which has the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and mainly comprises carbon dioxide, water (steam) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in the oxidant) through the oxidation reaction of fuel gas and the oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen).
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification process requirement is generated from the gasification agent generation device (2) through regulation and control, and then enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to directly contact with garbage materials, so that the garbage materials are gasified, and clean fuel gas is generated and output; the whole system works in a garbage gasification state, so that the garbage is cleaned and efficiently gasified; the system outputs clean fuel gas.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, a part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent which is generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) and has a part of temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification and energy utilization process requirements is adjusted and controlled to enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1), so that the gasification of garbage materials is realized and maintained, fuel gas is generated for output, and the rest part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent is used as heat energy to be output to the outside of the system; the whole system works in a garbage gasification and energy utilization state, so that the garbage is cleaned, efficiently gasified and flexibly utilized; the system outputs clean fuel gas and heat energy.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, all fuel gas generated by the system is used for generating an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification and energy utilization process requirements by adjusting and controlling the gasification agent generating device (2), so that a part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to realize and maintain the gasification of garbage materials, and the rest part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent is output to the system as heat energy; the whole system works in an energy utilization state, so that the clean and efficient utilization of garbage energy is realized; the system outputs heat energy.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the garbage gasification reaction device (1) enables garbage materials to be effectively and fully contacted with an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification and energy utilization process requirements, and realizes efficient garbage gasification reaction of the garbage materials under the action of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the garbage gasification reaction device (1) provides a space structure, reaction conditions and time for effectively and fully contacting a garbage material consisting of garbage powder or garbage fragments with an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification and energy utilization process requirements, so that the high-efficiency garbage gasification reaction is realized and completed.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the gasification agent generating device (2) is clean fuel gas or external energy produced by utilizing the garbage gasification system，The combustor generates high-temperature hypoxic flue gas with effectively controllable temperature as a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) effectively realizes that garbage materials comprising powder, fragments or any mixture form of the powder, the fragments or the fragments enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode from a feeding position of a gasification furnace type suitable for a fixed bed, a grate furnace, a fluidized bed and the like under the condition of being isolated from air.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the fuel gas treatment device (4) carries out purification treatment and heat recovery treatment on the crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and outputs clean fuel gas.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the closed slag discharging device (5) effectively realizes that ash slag generated after garbage materials are gasified is discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) under the condition of being isolated from air.
On the basis of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the technical scheme, the oxidant input equipment (6) provides air, rich oxygen or pure oxygen required by the generation of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the gasification agent generation device (2).
The process method for gasifying the garbage and utilizing the energy by adopting the garbage gasifying and energy utilizing system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and 2, purifying the crude fuel gas generated by the system through a fuel gas treatment device (4) to generate clean fuel gas which can be input into the gasifying agent generation device (2). The system gradually reduces and finally stops external energy along with the gradual increase of the clean gas quantity, so that the stable operation of the system maintained by self-produced clean gas is realized;
and 3, after the system enters stable operation by utilizing self-produced clean fuel gas, the system can operate in three different working states according to the application requirements and design of the system to realize three different system functions:
3.1. the garbage gasification function:
the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with effectively controllable temperature generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) is adjusted and controlled to enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to directly contact with garbage materials, so that the garbage materials are gasified, and clean fuel gas is generated and output; the whole system works in a garbage gasification state, so that the garbage is cleaned and efficiently gasified; the system outputs clean fuel gas.
3.2. The functions of garbage gasification and energy utilization are as follows:
a part of hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with effectively controllable temperature generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through regulation and control, so that the garbage materials are gasified and gas output is generated, and the rest of hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent is output to the outside of the system as heat energy; the whole system works in a garbage gasification and energy utilization state, so that the garbage is cleaned, efficiently gasified and flexibly utilized; the system outputs clean fuel gas and heat energy.
3.3. Energy utilization function:
all fuel gas generated by the system is used for generating an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent with effectively controllable temperature by adjusting and controlling the gasifying agent generating device (2), so that a part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to realize and maintain the gasification of garbage materials, and the rest part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent is output to the system as heat energy; the whole system works in an energy utilization state, realizes the clean and efficient utilization of garbage energy, and directly outputs clean high-temperature heat energy or secondary energy; the system outputs heat energy.
And 4, carrying out system operation technological processes of feeding, gasifying, deslagging and the like of the garbage material required by realizing corresponding functions by the garbage gasification and energy utilization system in any one operation state, and maintaining continuous and stable operation of the system.
The waste gasification and energy utilization system utilizes the high-efficiency clean gas fuel combustion technology and the burner system as a generating device for generating the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent, utilizes the high-temperature hypoxic flue gas which is generated by the high-efficiency clean combustion of the gas fuel and can effectively control the temperature as the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent of the waste material, improves the combustion efficiency and the waste gasification rate of the gas fuel required by the waste gasification, effectively controls and optimizes the waste gasification conditions and processes, and reduces the generation and the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, tar and the like to the maximum extent.
The waste gasification and energy utilization system simplifies the complex equipment structure and the working principle of the existing waste gasification system, greatly improves the gasification efficiency and simplifies the waste gasification system while improving the energy efficiency of the system, and greatly reduces the design and construction cost of the waste gasification furnace equipment system. Particularly, the system and the method can directly and flexibly realize the cleaning and the high-efficiency utilization of energy sources while maintaining the core function of the garbage gasification furnace and realizing the high-efficiency gasification of the garbage, and provide a plurality of clean and high-efficiency recovery and utilization modes for the cleaning treatment and the utilization of the garbage energy sources.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waste gasification and energy utilization system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention comprises a garbage gasification and energy utilization system and a garbage gasification and energy utilization process method.
The system structure of the waste gasification and energy utilization system of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 (the waste gasification and energy utilization system of the present invention is not shown in the drawing and detailed in no way is described in detail in other related auxiliary units, structures, devices, process technologies and procedures, which are familiar to professional engineers in the field and implemented by adopting the prior art), can meet the requirements of various applications, functions, costs, etc., and has various waste gasification furnace implementation modes including a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, an entrained flow, a grate furnace, etc., wherein the waste gasification and energy utilization system comprises:
embodiment 1:
the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is provided with a furnace body structure and functions which are basically the same as or similar to those of the existing fixed bed normal pressure or pressurization garbage gasification furnace, garbage powder or garbage fragments required by the existing fixed bed gasification furnace are taken as garbage materials, the garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from a feeding position (shown in figure 1) at the top end of the gasification furnace in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode under the condition of being isolated from air through a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and the operation of the garbage materials in the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is realized in an equipment operation mode of the existing fixed bed gasification furnace; but the high-temperature hypoxic tail gas with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the requirements of the gasification process generated by the gasification agent generating device (2) is adopted as the gasification agent. Under the action of pressure difference, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the gasification agent generation device (2) and is in direct and sufficient contact with garbage materials to generate gasification reaction, so that the garbage materials are cleaned and efficiently gasified.
The crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is subjected to purification treatment and heat recovery treatment by a fuel gas treatment device (4) to produce clean fuel gas which can be combusted and utilized or output.
The gasification agent generating device (2) generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and the main components of carbon dioxide, water (water vapor) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in the oxidant) through the oxidation reaction of clean fuel gas and the oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen).
The garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) effectively realizes that garbage materials comprising powder, fragments or any mixture form of the powder, the fragments or any mixture form of the fragments enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from a feeding position at the top end of the fixed bed gasification furnace under the condition of being isolated from air in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode, and directly contact with a corresponding oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) to generate gasification reaction.
The ash slag generated after the gasification of the garbage material is effectively discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the closed slag discharging device (5) under the condition of being isolated from the air.
According to the specific application and the process requirement of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the oxidant input equipment (6) provides air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen required by the generation of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the gasification agent generation device (2).
According to the specific application and process requirements of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the system can continuously operate and realize one of three functions of garbage gasification, energy utilization and energy utilization.
By adopting the prior art equipment and the technical implementation method in the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, professional engineering technicians in the technical field of garbage gasification and combustion can effectively implement the method, and the specific method is not detailed herein.
Embodiment 2:
the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is provided with a furnace body structure and functions which are basically the same as or similar to those of the existing fluidized bed normal pressure or pressurization garbage gasification furnace, garbage powder or garbage fragments required by the existing fluidized bed gasification furnace are taken as garbage materials, the garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the feeding position of the fluidized bed gasification furnace in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode under the condition of being isolated from air through a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and the fluidized motion of the garbage materials in the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is realized in the equipment operation mode of the existing fluidized bed gasification furnace; but the high-temperature hypoxic tail gas with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and generated by the gasifying agent generating device (2) is adopted as the gasifying agent. Under the action of pressure difference, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the gasification agent generation device (2) and is in direct and sufficient contact with garbage materials to generate gasification reaction, so that the efficient gasification of the garbage materials is realized.
The crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is subjected to purification treatment and heat recovery treatment by a fuel gas treatment device (4) to produce clean fuel gas which can be combusted and utilized or output.
The gasification agent generating device (2) generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and the main components of carbon dioxide, water (water vapor) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in the oxidant) through the oxidation reaction of clean fuel gas and the oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen).
The garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) enables garbage materials to enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the feeding position of the fluidized bed gasification furnace under the condition of being isolated from air in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode, and the garbage materials are directly contacted with a corresponding hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) and subjected to gasification reaction.
The ash slag generated after the gasification of the garbage material is effectively discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the closed slag discharging device (5) under the condition of being isolated from the air.
According to the specific application and the process requirement of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the oxidant input equipment (6) provides air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen required by the generation of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the gasification agent generation device (2).
According to the specific application and process requirements of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the system can continuously operate and realize one of three functions of garbage gasification, energy utilization and energy utilization.
By adopting the prior art equipment and the technical implementation method in the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, professional engineering technicians in the technical field of garbage gasification and combustion can effectively implement the method, and the specific method is not detailed herein.
Embodiment 3:
the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is provided with a furnace body structure and functions which are basically the same as or similar to those of the existing normal-pressure or pressurized entrained-flow bed garbage gasification furnace, garbage powder or garbage fragments required by the existing entrained-flow bed gasification furnace are taken as garbage materials, the garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from a feeding position suitable for an entrained-flow bed gasification furnace type in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode under the condition of being isolated from air through a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and the operation of the garbage powder or the garbage fragments in the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is realized in the mode of the existing entrained-flow bed garbage gasification furnace; but the high-temperature hypoxic tail gas with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled by the gasification process requirement and generated by the gasification agent generating device (2) is adopted as the gasification agent. Under the action of pressure difference, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the gasification agent generation device (2) and is in direct and sufficient contact with garbage materials to generate gasification reaction, so that the efficient gasification of the garbage materials is realized.
The crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is subjected to purification treatment and heat recovery treatment by a fuel gas treatment device (4) to produce clean fuel gas which can be combusted and utilized or output.
The gasification agent generating device (2) generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and the main components of carbon dioxide, water (water vapor) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in the oxidant) through the oxidation reaction of clean fuel gas and the oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen).
The garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) effectively realizes that a proper amount of garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) in an intermittent or continuous mode under the condition of being isolated from the external air, and are directly contacted with a corresponding hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) to generate gasification reaction.
The ash slag generated after the gasification of the garbage material is effectively discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the closed slag discharging device (5) under the condition of being isolated from the air.
According to the specific application and the process requirement of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the oxidant input equipment (6) provides air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen required by the generation of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the gasification agent generation device (2).
According to the specific application and the process requirements of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the system can continuously operate, one of three functions of garbage gasification, energy utilization and energy utilization is realized, and the garbage is fully utilized.
By adopting the existing garbage gasification technical equipment and technical implementation method in the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, professional engineering technicians in the technical field of garbage gasification can effectively implement the method, and the specific method is not detailed herein.
Embodiment 4:
the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is provided with a furnace body structure and functions which are basically the same as or similar to those of the existing normal-pressure or pressurized grate furnace garbage gasification furnace, garbage powder or garbage fragments required by the existing grate furnace gasification furnace are taken as garbage materials, the garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the feeding position of the grate furnace gasification furnace in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode under the condition of being isolated from air through a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and the operation of the garbage powder or the garbage fragments in the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is realized in the mode of the existing grate furnace garbage gasification furnace; but the high-temperature hypoxic tail gas with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled by the gasification process requirement and generated by the gasification agent generating device (2) is adopted as the gasification agent. Under the action of pressure difference, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the gasification agent generation device (2) and is in direct and sufficient contact with garbage materials to generate gasification reaction, so that the efficient gasification of the garbage materials is realized.
The crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is subjected to purification treatment and heat recovery treatment by a fuel gas treatment device (4) to produce clean fuel gas which can be combusted and utilized or output.
The gasification agent generating device (2) generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled and the main components of carbon dioxide, water (water vapor) and nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in the oxidant) through the oxidation reaction of clean fuel gas and the oxidant (air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen).
The garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) effectively realizes that a proper amount of garbage materials enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) from the feeding position of the grate furnace gasification furnace under the condition of being isolated from the external air in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode, and directly contact with a corresponding oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generation device (2) to generate gasification reaction.
The ash slag generated after the gasification of the garbage material is effectively discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the closed slag discharging device (5) under the condition of being isolated from the air.
According to the specific application and the process requirement of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the oxidant input equipment (6) provides air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen required by the generation of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent for the gasification agent generation device (2).
According to the specific application and the process requirements of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, the system can continuously operate, one of three functions of garbage gasification, energy utilization and energy utilization is realized, and the garbage is fully utilized.
By adopting the existing garbage gasification technical equipment and technical implementation method in the garbage gasification and energy utilization system, professional engineering technicians in the technical field of garbage gasification can effectively implement the method, and the specific method is not detailed herein.
In addition, the hypoxic high-temperature gasifying agent generating device and method in the garbage gasification and energy utilization system and the garbage gasification and energy utilization method relate to the prior art and equipment for generating high-temperature hypoxic smoke by utilizing gas fuel in the technical field of combustion, professional engineering technicians in the field can effectively implement the hypoxic high-temperature gasifying agent generating device and method, and detailed description is omitted.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention adopts the technology and the method for realizing the garbage gasification by the high-temperature gasification agent, so that the garbage is in the high-temperature 'reduction environment' in the gasification device in the gasification process, thereby thoroughly solving the problems that the garbage generates and discharges the highly toxic dioxin Young due to the 'strong oxidation' environment and process in the garbage incineration and the traditional garbage gasification process, and remarkably reducing the generation of gas pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and the like;
2) the invention adopts the technology and the method for realizing garbage gasification by adopting a high-temperature gasification agent, the main components of the gasification agent are carbon dioxide, water (water vapor) and high-temperature hypoxic tail gas of nitrogen (depending on the proportion of the nitrogen in an oxidant) as the gasification agent, and clean and efficient garbage gasification is realized;
3) because the invention adopts the high-temperature hypoxic flue gas which utilizes the combustion production temperature of the gas fuel and can be effectively controlled according to the application and the process requirement of the garbage gasification as the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent required by the garbage gasification, the invention obviously improves the garbage gasification efficiency and the energy efficiency, effectively improves the garbage gasification temperature, reduces the generation and the discharge of pollutants and tar, and obviously reduces the water consumption for the garbage gasification;
4) the temperature and the dosage of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent are effectively controlled, so that the gasification state and the gasification process of the garbage are effectively controlled; the problem of effective control of the garbage gasification state and process commonly existing in the existing garbage gasification furnace is thoroughly solved;
5) the invention realizes the effective control of fuel gas quality parameters such as fuel gas components, heat value and the like by effectively controlling the components of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent, and meets the requirements of different applications on the fuel gas quality;
6) according to the invention, by effectively controlling the temperature of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent and the gasification amount and distribution, a larger and more uniform temperature distribution and a garbage gasification reaction space are established in the gasification reaction device, the gasification efficiency is improved, the problem of local high temperature commonly existing in the existing garbage gasification furnace is effectively solved, the service life of gasification equipment is prolonged, and the safe operation is ensured;
7) the invention has the core function of clean and high-efficiency garbage gasification, and can be used as a garbage gasification system to produce and output clean fuel gas; and can simultaneously produce and output clean fuel gas and heat energy or output heat energy completely according to the requirement. The functions and forms for realizing flexible and efficient energy utilization can meet the requirements of efficiently utilizing garbage as low-cost clean energy in different industries and fields;
8) the existing garbage gasification furnace can be used as a garbage gasification system of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system through technical upgrading and transformation of functions and structures, the problems of gasification efficiency, dioxin Young and pollution emission of the existing gasification equipment system are solved, the existing equipment is fully utilized, and technical application cost is reduced.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A clean and efficient garbage material gasification and energy utilization system and method are characterized in that:
the garbage material gasification and energy utilization system is provided with a garbage gasification reaction device (1), a gasification agent generation device (2), a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), a fuel gas treatment device (4), a sealing slag discharging device (5) and an oxidant input device (6). The garbage gasification reaction device (1) is used for receiving and arranging garbage materials entering the reaction device and an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent from the gasification agent generation device (2), and providing a space structure and conditions required by the gasification reaction of the garbage materials and the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent.
The garbage material gasification method is characterized in that a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification process requirement is generated from a gasification agent generation device (2), and the main components of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent are carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) and nitrogen (N2, and the content of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent is determined by the content of the nitrogen in an oxidant); under the action of pressure difference, the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent directly contacts with the garbage material which enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and generates gasification reaction with the garbage material to generate and output fuel gas.
The gasification of the garbage material is to generate an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification process requirement in a gasification agent generation device (2), and the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent enters a garbage gasification reaction device (1) to be used for realizing the gasification of the garbage material and generating and outputting fuel gas; the whole system works in a gasification state, and the garbage is cleaned and efficiently gasified.
The gasification and energy utilization of the garbage materials are realized by that the gasification agent generating device (2) generates an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification process requirement, the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to be used for realizing the gasification of the garbage materials, generates and outputs fuel gas, and outputs the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with controllable quantity to the outside of the system as heat energy to be output; the whole system works in a gasification and energy utilization state, and clean, efficient gasification and flexible energy utilization of garbage are realized.
The energy utilization is that all fuel gas of the system is used for generating an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent of which the temperature can be effectively controlled according to the requirements of a gasification process through a gasifying agent generating device (2), and except that part of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent is input into a garbage gasification reaction device (1) for realizing and maintaining the gasification of garbage materials, all the rest oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agents are output as the heat energy of the system; the whole system works in an energy utilization state, and clean and efficient utilization of garbage energy is realized.
2. The gasification and energy utilization system for waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the garbage gasification reaction device (1) provides garbage materials, an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generating device (2) and the garbage materials which enter the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and the garbage gasification reaction device can effectively and fully contact with the garbage materials, so that the efficient gasification reaction of the garbage materials under the action of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent is realized.
3. A refuse gasification reaction apparatus (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: the device provides a garbage material input port for a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), and provides a spatial structure, reaction conditions and reaction time for effectively and fully contacting an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent generated by a gasification agent generating device (2) for a garbage material comprising powder, block or any mixed state of the powder, block or any mixed state, so that efficient gasification reaction is realized and completed.
4. A refuse gasification reaction apparatus (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: the garbage material feeding device comprises a garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3), a garbage material feeding port and a spatial structure, wherein an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent generated by a gasifying agent generating device (2) effectively enters a garbage gasification reaction device (1), so that a gasification condition that the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent is fully contacted with the garbage material and generates a gasification reaction is formed, and the garbage material is subjected to a high-efficiency gasification reaction.
5. The gasification and energy utilization system for waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the gasification agent generating device (2) is a combustor which uses clean fuel gas produced by a garbage material gasification system or external energy to generate high-temperature hypoxic flue gas with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled according to the gasification process requirement as a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent.
The garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) effectively realizes that garbage materials comprising powder, fragments or any mixture form of the powder, the fragments or any mixture form of the powder and the fragments enter a garbage gasification reaction device (1) under the condition of being isolated from air in a corresponding intermittent or continuous feeding mode from a feeding position suitable for a fixed bed type, a grate furnace type, a fluidized bed type and other gasification furnace types.
And the fuel gas treatment device (4) is used for purifying the crude fuel gas produced by the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and recovering heat, and outputting clean fuel gas.
And the closed slag discharging device (5) effectively realizes that ash slag generated after the garbage material is gasified is discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) under the condition of being isolated from air.
And the oxidant input equipment (6) is used for providing the gasification agent generating device (2) with the oxidant required by the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent which can generate different nitrogen contents according to the quality requirement of the fuel gas: air, oxygen-enriched oxygen, or pure oxygen.
6. Gasification of refuse material and energy utilization system, its characterized in that includes: the waste material gasification system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gasification agent generation device (2) is connected with the waste gasification reaction device (1) and is provided with a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent; the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device (3) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to provide garbage materials for the garbage crushing, drying and sealing feeding device; the fuel gas treatment device (4) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and is used for treating the generated crude fuel gas; the gas treatment device (4) is connected with the gasifying agent generating device (2) and provides clean gas for the gasifying agent generating device; the closed slag discharging device (5) is connected with the garbage gasification reaction device (1) to discharge ash; the oxidant input device (6) is connected with the gasification agent generating device (2) and provides the oxidant for the gasification agent generating device: air, oxygen-rich gas, or pure oxygen.
7. The method for gasification and energy utilization of the refuse material gasification and energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the crushed powdered or crushed garbage material or garbage material formed by randomly mixing the crushed powdered or crushed garbage material enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through the garbage crushing, drying and closed feeding device (3) in a proper amount in a continuous or intermittent mode, and is in direct contact with an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent generated by the gasification agent generating device (2) and the temperature of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent can be effectively controlled, so that the garbage material is continuously subjected to high-efficiency gasification reaction under the action of the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent to generate crude fuel gas.
The crude fuel gas is processed by the fuel gas processing device (4) to become clean fuel gas which can be used as clean combustible gas fuel or chemical raw materials to be output externally, and can also be used as clean fuel gas used by a garbage material gasification system.
The gasifying agent generating device (2) can utilize clean fuel gas or an external fuel source from the fuel gas processing device (4) to generate high-temperature hypoxic flue gas with adjustable and controllable temperature and gas volume according to gasification requirements as a hypoxic high-temperature gasifying agent under the action of an oxidant input by the oxidant input equipment (6).
The gasification agent generating device (2) generates an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent with effectively controllable temperature, and the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent enters the garbage gasification reaction device (1) and is in direct contact with garbage materials in the garbage gasification reaction device to generate gasification reaction.
The ash slag generated by the gasification reaction continuously carried out in the garbage gasification reaction device (1) is discharged out of the garbage gasification reaction device (1) through a sealed slag discharging device (5).
8. The method for gasification and energy utilization of the refuse material gasification and energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the operation mode of the waste material gasification and energy utilization system can be adjusted and controlled according to the application field and the technological process, namely the amount of the clean fuel gas entering the gasification agent generation device (2) is controlled, and the amount of the hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent of which the production temperature can be effectively controlled is controlled, so that the clean fuel gas output amount and the high-temperature heat energy output amount of the waste gasification and energy utilization system are determined; the effective control of clean gas output and high-temperature heat energy output of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system can be flexibly realized.
9. The method for gasification and energy utilization of the refuse material gasification and energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the garbage material gasification and energy utilization system can operate in a full gasification mode as required, namely, except that a part of clean fuel gas generates an oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent which is required by garbage gasification reaction and can be effectively controlled in temperature through a gasification agent generation device (2), all the clean fuel gas is output as clean fuel gas; the high-temperature heat energy of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system is output to the outside to be zero.
10. A method for gasifying garbage and utilizing energy by using the system for gasifying garbage and utilizing energy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the garbage gasification and energy utilization system can also operate in an all-energy utilization mode according to the requirement, namely, all clean fuel gas generates a hypoxic high-temperature gasification agent with the temperature capable of being effectively controlled through the gasification agent generating device (2); one part of the waste gas enters a waste gasification reaction device (1) to perform high-efficiency waste gasification reaction with waste materials, the gasification reaction is maintained to be performed, gas is continuously generated, and the rest of the waste gas is totally used as high-temperature heat energy to output tail gas; the clean fuel gas of the garbage gasification and energy utilization system is output to the outside as zero.
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