CN113523805A

CN113523805A - Special machine tool for processing slender workpiece

Info

Publication number: CN113523805A
Application number: CN202110867901.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤亮; 陈华生
Original assignee: Anhui Chizhou Weiss Electromechanical Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Chizhou Weiss Electromechanical Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-29
Filing date: 2021-07-29
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a special machine tool for machining a slender workpiece, which belongs to the technical field of lathes and comprises a base, wherein the base comprises a slide rail and a slide seat sliding along the slide rail, the slide seat comprises a main slide seat and a plurality of side slide seats positioned on two sides of the main slide seat, the main slide seat is provided with a main spindle box, the main spindle box comprises a three-jaw chuck, a motor, a rotor, a box body, a main shaft, a controller and an operation and display panel, the motor is arranged in the box body, two ends of the main shaft outwards extend out of the motor, the two ends of the main shaft are provided with the three-jaw chuck, the side slide seats are used for installing tool rests for turning the slender workpiece, the main slide seat and the slide rail are locked and fixed through locking bolts, and a movement control mechanism is arranged between the slide seats and the slide rail; this design adopts mobilizable headstock, and the cooperation holder can remove on whole lathe, has kept the slender poles to have the strong point all the time at rotatory in-process, and the convenient turning to the slender holes of slender poles also can accomplish the processing of required length, has integrated the effect of lathe and drilling machine.

Description

Special machine tool for processing slender workpiece

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining lathes, and particularly relates to a special machine tool for machining a slender workpiece.

Background

Lathe machining is part of mechanical machining, and mainly comprises two machining modes: one is to fix a turning tool and process a workpiece which is not formed in rotation; the other method is to fix the workpiece and perform precision machining by the high-speed rotation of the workpiece and the transverse and longitudinal movement of a turning tool (a tool rest).

The power of current lathe all comes from the motor, and traditional lathe motor is fixed, because the great heavy and drive structure of size is complicated, traditional lathe motor can't remove, add man-hour, especially add man-hour to long and thin machined part, when the one end of motor was kept away from to the machined part, firstly the drive mechanism that current lathe can't design overlength displacement, secondly the drive mechanism structure that overlength distance transmission and can remove is complicated with high costs and very easily takes place the condition that the power appears losing, cause that long and thin machined part can't accomplish required turning or drilling.

The existing machining lathe has the problems of high possibility of softening and jumping under the condition of high-speed rotation, and the danger of falling and throwing off of the slender rod exists if a control point is insufficient; secondly, if the cutting point does not have enough force to protect and support, the cutter can be also retracted; thirdly, the problem that the slender rod is softened and jumped can cause the problem that the slender rod cannot be machined or the yield is low, for example, the machining of flutes cannot guarantee high yield, and therefore the special machine tool for machining the slender workpiece is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a special machine tool for machining a long and thin workpiece.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the special machine tool for processing the slender workpiece comprises a base, the base comprises a slide rail and a slide seat sliding along the slide rail, the slide carriage comprises a main slide carriage and a plurality of side slide carriages positioned at two sides of the main slide carriage, a main spindle box is arranged on the main slide carriage, the main spindle box comprises a three-jaw chuck, a motor, a rotor, a box body, a main spindle, a controller and an operation and display panel, the motor is arranged in the box body, two ends of the main shaft extend out of the motor, the two ends of the main shaft are provided with three-jaw chucks for clamping the slender workpiece, the side sliding seat is used for installing a tool rest for turning the slender workpiece, the tool rest consists of a lathe turning tool rest arranged on two sides of the spindle box and a lathe drilling tool rest arranged at one end of the slide rail, the main sliding seat and the sliding rail are locked and fixed through a locking bolt, and a movement control mechanism is arranged between the sliding seat and the sliding rail.

Furthermore, two sides of the main sliding seat are respectively provided with a side sliding seat for mounting a retainer, and the retainer consists of a frame body, a bearing seat arranged on the upper part of the frame body, a bearing arranged in the bearing seat and a retaining sleeve arranged in the middle of an inner ring of the bearing.

Furthermore, the movement control mechanism consists of a hand wheel, a rack arranged below the side edge of the sliding rail, and a transmission shaft and a transmission gear which are arranged between the hand wheel and the rack, wherein the transmission gear is arranged at the end part of the transmission shaft and is meshed with the rack.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism of the lathe drill holder consists of a screw rod arranged on the side wall of the slide rail and a locking deflector rod arranged on a side sliding seat below the lathe drill holder.

Further, the tool rest is an X-axis and Y-axis adjustable tool rest.

Further, the workpiece penetrates through the inner side of the bearing, so that the workpiece is stably kept.

Furthermore, a rotor of the motor is arranged in parallel with the slide rail, and a long through hole coaxial with the rotor is arranged in the rotor to form a main shaft.

Further, a controller used for controlling starting and stopping, forward and reverse rotation and rotating speed adjustment of the motor is arranged in the box body.

Furthermore, the box body is provided with an operation and display panel for controlling the motor to work and displaying the work information of the motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the three-jaw chucks at the two ends of the spindle box are used, the spindle box can move, and the long through hole is formed in the motor rotor of the spindle box, so that when a workpiece rotates, the holder can move on the whole machine tool body, a support point of a slender rod in the rotating process is kept all the time, the long slender rod is convenient to maintain stable, the slender rod is prevented from softening and jumping, the slender rod is convenient to turn, in addition, a drill bit of a drilling tool rest of the lathe is long enough in theory, the long slender hole processing with the required length can be completed by matching the moving spindle box and the holder, and meanwhile, the effects of the lathe and the drilling machine are integrated;

the spindle box is designed into a movable spindle box, so that the processing of a slender rod can be guaranteed to be within the holding range of the lathe bed, the spindle box can move from front to back on the whole lathe bed, the spindle box can clamp a workpiece in different areas of the whole lathe bed, and the tool rests on the two sliding seats are used for processing, so that when a slender hole is processed, the slender workpiece clamped by the spindle box can move on the whole lathe bed, the holder keeps a deep hole station stable, and the slender processing or deep hole drilling processing can be carried out by moving the spindle box in the processing process;

and the motor with the long through hole is adopted, and meanwhile, the motor and the main shaft are combined into a whole, so that the main shaft is more convenient to move while the preparation weight is reduced, the structure is simplified, the position can be conveniently moved and adjusted, and then different positions of the slender workpiece are clamped and driven, and the condition that the output power of the end part of the slender workpiece is reduced during processing is ensured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the three-jaw chuck for disassembly according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a base; 101. a slide base; 102. a slide rail; 103. a screw rod; 104. a hand wheel; 105. locking the deflector rod; 2. a main spindle box; 201. a three-jaw chuck; 202. a motor; 203. a rotor; 204. a long through hole; 205. a box body; 206. a controller; 207. an operation and display panel; 3. turning a tool rest by a lathe; 4. a lathe drill holder; 5. a holder; 6. and a bearing.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the special machine tool for processing the slender workpiece comprises a base 1, wherein the base 1 comprises a slide rail 102 and a slide seat 101 which slides along the slide rail 102, the slide seat 101 comprises a main slide seat and a plurality of side slide seats positioned at two sides of the main slide seat, a main spindle box 2 is arranged on the main slide seat, the main spindle box 2 comprises a three-jaw chuck 201, a motor 202, a rotor 203, a box body 205, a spindle, a controller 206 and an operation and display panel 207, the motor 202 is arranged in the box body 205, the rotor 203 of the motor 202 is arranged in parallel with the slide rail 102, and a long through hole 204 coaxial with the rotor 202 is arranged in the rotor 203 to form the spindle;

the two ends of the main shaft extend outwards to form a motor 202, the two ends of the main shaft are provided with three-jaw chucks 201 used for clamping a slender workpiece, a controller 206 used for controlling the motor 202 to start and stop, rotate forward and backward and adjusting the rotating speed is arranged in the box body 205, the box body 205 is provided with an operation and display panel 207 used for controlling the motor 202 to work and displaying the work information of the motor 202, the side sliding seat is used for mounting a tool rest for turning the slender workpiece, the tool rest is composed of lathe tool rests 3 arranged on the two sides of the main shaft box 2 and lathe tool rests 4 arranged at one ends of the sliding rails 102, and the main sliding seat and the sliding rails 102 are fixed through locking bolts in a locking mode.

In this embodiment, the machined part is the cue, the cue passes the inboard of three-jaw chuck 201 and long through hole 204, it presss from both sides tightly to utilize three-jaw chuck 201, the tip of cue is fixed in the inboard of bearing 6, the realization is fixed both ends position, and then can carry out the turning through lathe saddle 3, adopt the motor 202 that has long through hole 204, motor 202 unites two into one with the main shaft simultaneously, more convenient the removal when having reduced the outfit weight of main shaft, and simple structure, can conveniently remove the adjustment position and then carry out the centre gripping drive to the different positions of long and thin machined part, so that guarantee that the tip that long and thin machined part adds man-hour reduces the condition of output power.

In this embodiment, a movement control mechanism is disposed between the slide base and the slide rail 102, two side slide bases for mounting the holder 5 are disposed on two sides of the main slide base, the holder 5 is composed of a frame body, a bearing base disposed on the upper portion of the frame body, a bearing 6 mounted in the bearing base, and a retaining sleeve mounted in the middle of an inner ring of the bearing 6, and a workpiece penetrates through the inner side of the bearing 6, so that the workpiece is stably retained.

In this embodiment, the movement control mechanism is composed of a handwheel 104, a rack arranged below the side edge of the slide rail 102, and a transmission shaft and a transmission gear arranged between the handwheel 104 and the rack, wherein the transmission gear is arranged at the end of the transmission shaft and meshed with the rack.

In this embodiment, the locking mechanism of the lathe drill holder 4 is composed of a screw 103 disposed on the side wall of the slide rail 102 and a locking shift lever 105 disposed on a side sliding seat below the lathe drill holder 4, and the lathe drill holder 4 is conveniently limited and fixed while moving left and right.

In this embodiment, the motor 202 is a self-contained motor, which facilitates the movement of the spindle box.

In this embodiment, the lathe turning tool rest 3 and the lathe drilling tool rest 4 are X-axis and Y-axis adjustable tool rests, and the positions are conveniently adjusted.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when in use, the position of the main spindle box 2 is adjusted by rotating the hand wheel 104, then the position of the main spindle box 2 is limited by locking the positioning screw, then, the billiard cue is inserted through the three-jaw chuck 201 and the inner side of the long through hole 204, and is clamped by the three-jaw chuck 201, the end part of the billiard cue is fixed at the inner side of the bearing 6, the retainer 5 can move on the whole machine tool body, when the slender rod, namely the billiard cue is inserted through the bearing 6 at the inner side of the retainer 5, the long and thin rod can be kept to have a supporting point all the time in the rotating process, the main shaft 2 can move left and right on the whole lathe bed, the elongated bar can be clamped in different areas of the whole bed and machined by means of the lathe carriage 3 on the two slides 101, and then the motor 202 is activated, the three-jaw chuck 201 and the billiard rod can be driven to rotate through the motor 202, and the lathe tool rest 3 can be turned through being in contact with the billiard rod.

Example two

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the special machine tool for processing the slender workpiece comprises a base 1, wherein the base 1 comprises a slide rail 102 and a slide seat 101 which slides along the slide rail 102, the slide seat 101 comprises a main slide seat and a plurality of side slide seats positioned at two sides of the main slide seat, a main spindle box 2 is arranged on the main slide seat, the main spindle box 2 comprises a three-jaw chuck 201, a motor 202, a rotor 203, a box body 205, a spindle, a controller 206 and an operation and display panel 207, the motor 202 is arranged in the box body 205, the rotor 203 of the motor 202 is arranged in parallel with the slide rail 102, and a long through hole 204 coaxial with the rotor 202 is arranged in the rotor 203 to form the spindle;

In this embodiment, the machined part is the flute, the flute passes the inboard of three-jaw chuck 201 and through-hole 204, it presss from both sides tightly to utilize three-jaw chuck 201, the end fixing of flute is in the inboard of bearing 6, the realization is fixed both ends position, can drill through lathe tool post 4, adopt the motor 202 that has through-hole 204, motor 202 unites two into one with the main shaft simultaneously, more convenient the removal when having reduced the outfit weight of main shaft, and simple structure, can conveniently move the adjustment position and then carry out the centre gripping drive to the different positions of long and thin machined part, so that guarantee that the tip that long and thin machined part adds man-hour reduces the condition of output power.

The difference between the present embodiment and the embodiment is that the object of processing is different, the embodiment carries out turning processing on a cue stick, and the embodiment carries out processing on two flutes.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when the lathe is used, the position of the spindle box 2 is adjusted by rotating the hand wheel 104, the position of the spindle box 2 is limited by locking a positioning screw, a flute penetrates through the three-jaw chuck 201 and the inner side of the long through hole 204 and is clamped by the three-jaw chuck 201, the end part of the flute is fixed on the inner side of the bearing 6, the holder 5 can move on the whole lathe bed, when the slender rod, namely the flute penetrates through the bearing 6 on the inner side of the holder 5, the slender rod can be kept to have a supporting point all the time in the rotating process, the spindle 2 can move left and right on the whole lathe bed, the slender rod can be clamped in different areas of the whole lathe bed, the lathe tool rests 3 on the two sliding seats 101 are used for processing, the motor 202 is started, the motor 202 can drive the three-jaw chuck 201 and the flute to rotate, and the lathe tool rests 3 can be used for turning when being in contact with the flute, then, the drill can be drilled by contacting the lathe drill holder 4 with the end part of the flute, complete machining can be realized by adjusting the clamping position of the flute and the motor 202, and in theory, the drill bit of the lathe drill holder 4 is long enough to be matched with the device, so that the drill with the corresponding length can be realized;

adopt the motor 202 of long through hole 204 design for weight is lighter, and the equilibrium is better, makes the bulk movement of headstock 2 lighter, and the long through hole 204 of machined part process motor 202, mobilizable headstock 2 makes the lathe when processing elongated hole, can let the long and thin work piece of headstock 2 centre gripping move on whole lathe bed, and holder 5 keeps the stability of deep hole simultaneously.

The mounting mode, the connection mode or the arrangement mode of the special machine tool for processing the slender workpiece are common mechanical modes, and the special machine tool can be implemented as long as the beneficial effects of the special machine tool can be achieved; the lathe turning tool rest 3 and the lathe drilling tool rest 4 are purchased from the market, and technicians in the industry only need to install and operate according to the attached operating instructions.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The special machine tool for machining the slender workpiece comprises a base (1), wherein the base (1) comprises a sliding rail (102) and a sliding seat (101) sliding along the sliding rail (102), and is characterized in that the sliding seat (101) comprises a main sliding seat and a plurality of side sliding seats positioned on two sides of the main sliding seat, a spindle box (2) is arranged on the main sliding seat, the spindle box (2) comprises a three-jaw chuck (201), a motor (202), a rotor (203), a box body (205), a spindle, a controller (206) and an operation and display panel (207), the motor (202) is arranged in the box body (205), two ends of the spindle outwards extend out of the motor (202), the three-jaw chuck (201) used for clamping the slender workpiece is arranged at two ends of the spindle, the side sliding seats are used for installing a tool rest for turning the slender workpiece, and the tool rest comprises a lathe tool rest (3) arranged on two sides of the spindle box (2) and a lathe tool rest (4) arranged at one end of the sliding rail (102) The main sliding seat and the sliding rail (102) are locked and fixed through a locking bolt, and a movement control mechanism is arranged between the sliding seat and the sliding rail (102).

2. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main slide both sides still respectively are equipped with a sideslip seat that is used for installing holder (5), holder (5) by the support body, set up in support body upper portion's bearing frame, install in bearing (6) in the bearing frame and install the retaining sleeve in the middle of bearing (6) inner ring is constituteed.

3. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the movement control mechanism consists of a hand wheel (104), a rack arranged below the side edge of the sliding rail (102), and a transmission shaft and a transmission gear which are arranged between the hand wheel (104) and the rack, wherein the transmission gear is arranged at the end part of the transmission shaft and meshed with the rack.

4. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the locking mechanism of the lathe drill holder (4) consists of a screw rod (103) arranged on the side wall of the slide rail (102) and a locking deflector rod (105) arranged on a side sliding seat below the lathe drill holder (4).

5. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tool rest is an X-axis and Y-axis adjustable tool rest.

6. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece penetrates through the inner side of the bearing (6), so that the workpiece is stably maintained.

7. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: the rotor (203) of the motor (202) is arranged in parallel with the sliding rail (102), and a long through hole (204) coaxial with the rotor (203) is arranged in the rotor to form a main shaft.

8. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: and a controller (206) for controlling the starting and stopping, the forward and reverse rotation and the rotating speed regulation of the motor (202) is arranged in the box body (205).

9. The special machine tool for processing an elongated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an operation and display panel (207) for controlling the motor (202) to work and displaying the work information of the motor (202) is arranged on the box body (205).