CN113523548A - Method for detecting dirt degree of laser welding protective lens - Google Patents
Method for detecting dirt degree of laser welding protective lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN113523548A CN113523548A CN202110846645.7A CN202110846645A CN113523548A CN 113523548 A CN113523548 A CN 113523548A CN 202110846645 A CN202110846645 A CN 202110846645A CN 113523548 A CN113523548 A CN 113523548A
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- protective lens
- light
- clamping plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the dirt degree of a laser welding protective lens, which comprises the following steps: determining the position and the outline of a light spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam through the white micro-light-transmitting paper; preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens, wherein a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the position and the outline of the light spot is formed in the clamping plate; completely overlapping the clamping plate and the protective lens, rotating the clamping plate and searching the light emergent area with the largest visceral stain quantity in the protective lens area exposed by the through hole of the clamping plate; measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots; and determining the dirt degree of the light emitting area on the protective lens according to the quantity and the diameter of the dirt. The method for conveniently and efficiently judging the dirt degree of the laser welding protective lens is realized, the laser welding quality is improved, and the one-time qualification rate of products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a method for detecting the contamination degree of a laser welding protective lens.
Background
Laser welding is an efficient precision welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source. The laser welding equipment mainly comprises a laser and a welding head, wherein the outermost part of the welding head is a protective lens, and the dirt degree of the protective lens determines whether the laser energy density is attenuated or not, so that the processing effect of a product is influenced.
There is currently no effective means of detecting the degree of soiling of protective lenses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the dirt degree of a laser welding protective lens, which can effectively detect the dirt degree of the protective lens and avoid the influence of the protective lens on the laser welding quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting a contamination degree of a laser welding protective lens, comprising:
determining the position and the outline of a light spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam through the white micro-light-transmitting paper;
preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens, wherein a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the position and the outline of the light spot is formed in the clamping plate;
completely overlapping the clamping plate and the protective lens, rotating the clamping plate and searching a light emergent area with the largest visceral stain quantity in a protective lens area exposed by a through hole of the clamping plate;
measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots;
and determining the dirt degree of the light outlet area on the protective lens according to the quantity and the diameter of the dirt.
Optionally, the determining, by using white micro-light-transmitting paper, the position and the profile of a light spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam includes:
providing white micro-light-transmitting paper;
attaching the white micro-light-transmitting paper to the surface of the protective lens arranged on the laser welding equipment, and completely overlapping the edge of the white micro-light-transmitting paper with the edge of the protective lens;
locking light of laser welding equipment and starting red light preview to form a red light spot on the white micro-transparent paper;
and depicting the edge profile of the red light spot on the white micro-light-transmitting paper so as to obtain the position and the profile of the spot correspondingly formed on the protective lens by the laser beam.
Optionally, the preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens, and forming a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the outline of the light spot on the clamping plate includes:
measuring the position of the red light spot and the outline size of the red light spot depicted on the white micro-light-transmitting paper;
drawing the positions and the outlines of the white micro-light-transmitting paper and the red light spots according to a ratio of 1:1 by using drawing software to serve as a drawing of the clamping plate;
and manufacturing the clamping plate according to the drawing.
Optionally, the measuring the diameter of the dirty point in the light exit region with the largest number of dirty points includes:
and measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots through a film ruler, and if the dirty spots are irregular graphs, measuring the largest outer contour size of the dirty spots.
Optionally, the determining the smudging degree of the light emitting area on the protective lens according to the maximum diameter of the smudging comprises:
(1) designing a pollution degree equivalent comparison table for representing the influence of pollution points in different diameter ranges on the laser welding power attenuation degree, wherein the pollution degree equivalent comparison table comprises the corresponding relation between the different diameter numerical ranges and pollution degree equivalent values, and the pollution degree equivalent values are calculated by the following formula:
wherein A is a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the pollution point, d is an upper limit value of a diameter numerical range in which the diameter of the pollution point is located, and n is a difference value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the diameter numerical range;
(2) calculating a maximum diameter of allowed dirt spots on the protective lens, the maximum diameter being calculated by the following formula:
wherein D is the maximum diameter of a dirt point allowed to exist on the protective lens, P is attenuation power causing insufficient soldering, and u is power density of the protective lens, namely the ratio of soldering power to the area of a light spot on the protective lens;
(3) determining a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to each pollution point according to the pollution degree equivalent comparison table, and simultaneously determining a maximum pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the maximum diameter pollution point allowed to exist on the protective lens;
(4) and judging whether the sum of the equivalent values of all the pollution points is less than or equal to the maximum pollution degree equivalent value, if so, indicating that the protective lens is scrapped, otherwise, the protective lens can still be used.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, the position and the contour of the laser spot can be accurately confirmed by using the white micro-light-transmitting paper, the prepared clamping plate and the protective lens are completely overlapped and rotated, the light emitting area with the largest number of dirty points on the protective lens can be searched through the clamping plate through hole, and then the dirty degree of the protective lens can be determined by measuring the diameter of the dirty points and the number of the dirty points.
The method of the present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position confirmation of the red light spot in the method for detecting the contamination degree of the laser welding protective lens according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a drawing of a pallet in a method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a protective lens in a method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a physical representation of a card board in a method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating a situation in which the card board and the protection lens completely coincide with each other in a method for detecting the contamination level of the protection lens in laser welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a representation of the measurement of smudge with a film ruler in a laser welding protective lens smudge level detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Currently, in the field of laser welding, there is no effective measure for detecting the degree of soiling of the protective lens. If theoretical calculations or optical software simulations exist: the method has the advantages that the calculated result has deviation from the actual result, the operation degree is complex, the operation is complex and the universality is poor, so that the method for detecting the contamination degree of the laser welding protective lens can effectively detect the contamination degree of the protective lens, the one-time qualification rate of products is improved, and the defective products are prevented from flowing to the market, thereby bringing unnecessary troubles to customers.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to the present invention.
A method for detecting the contamination degree of a laser welding protective lens comprises the following steps:
s101: determining the position and the outline of a light spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam through the white micro-light-transmitting paper;
the specific implementation process of the step is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, a piece of white slightly transparent paper is provided, and optionally, the white slightly transparent paper is a piece of white a4 paper; then, attaching the white micro-light-transmitting paper to the surface of the protective lens arranged on the laser welding equipment, and tearing or cutting off redundant A4 paper along the edge of the protective lens to ensure that the edge of the residual white micro-light-transmitting paper is completely overlapped with the edge of the protective lens; then, the laser welding equipment is locked and red light preview (a welding formula for red light preview project production) is started to form red light spots on the white micro-transparent paper; then, the edge contour of the red light spot can be drawn on the white micro-light-transmitting paper by a pen so as to obtain the position and contour of the spot correspondingly formed on the protective lens by the laser beam. In other embodiments, bayer microphotograph paper with the same diameter and size as the protective lens can be directly prepared and used.
S102: preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens, wherein a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the position and the outline of the light spot is formed in the clamping plate;
the specific implementation process of the step is as follows: after the edge contour of the red light spot is drawn on the white micro-light-transmitting paper, taking the white micro-light-transmitting paper down from the protective lens; measuring the position of a red light spot and the outline size of the red light spot depicted on the white micro-light-transmitting paper; as shown in fig. 3, the positions and outlines of the white micro-transparent paper and the red light spots are drawn according to a ratio of 1:1 by using drawing software to be used as a drawing of the card board; then, a card board is manufactured according to the drawing, and the real objects of the protective lens and the manufactured card board are respectively shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5. In this embodiment, the cardboard can be epoxy board or metal sheet etc. for the material, need notice that the surface of cardboard needs to satisfy certain smooth finish and roughness, can avoid fish tail protection lens at cardboard surface coating teflon coating. In this step, after measuring the position of the red light spot and the outline size of the red light spot depicted on the white micro-light-transmitting paper, the area of the light spot needs to be calculated at the same time, and the power density u of the protective lens is calculated according to the laser welding power and the area of the light spot.
S103: completely overlapping the clamping plate and the protective lens, rotating the clamping plate and searching the light emergent area with the largest visceral stain quantity in the protective lens area exposed by the through hole of the clamping plate;
in particular, this step requires the card to be placed on the upper surface of the protective lens, with the edges of the two perfectly coinciding, as shown in figure 6. As shown in fig. 1, the position of the red light spot is not located at the center of the protective lens, and the protective lens is circular, when the protective lens is mounted, the protective lens may rotate, so the laser light emitting area on the protective lens is not a fixed point, but the light spot may be the actual light emitting area of the laser in the area covered by one rotation circle on the protective lens, therefore, the step needs to rotate the clamping plate, find the light emitting area with the largest amount of smudges on the protective lens through the clamping plate through hole, and determine the smudged degree of the protective lens more accurately by using the light emitting area with the largest amount of smudges.
S104: measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots;
specifically, as shown in fig. 7, in this step, the diameter of each stain in the light exit area where the number of stains is the largest can be quickly measured by the film ruler. In this embodiment, if the dirty spots are irregular patterns, the maximum outline size of the dirty spots is measured, and the measurement accuracy is 0.1mm, for example: the dirt size is 0.55mm, and is calculated according to 0.6 mm.
S105: and determining the dirt degree of the light emitting area on the protective lens according to the quantity and the diameter of the dirt.
Specifically, the step of determining the dirt degree of the light outlet area on the protective lens according to the maximum diameter of the dirt comprises the following steps:
(1) designing a pollution degree equivalent comparison table for representing the influence of pollution points in different diameter ranges on the laser welding power attenuation degree, wherein the pollution degree equivalent comparison table comprises the corresponding relation between the different diameter numerical ranges and pollution degree equivalent values, and the pollution degree equivalent values are calculated by the following formula:
wherein A is a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the pollution point, d is an upper limit value of a diameter numerical range in which the diameter of the pollution point is located, and n is a difference value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the diameter numerical range;
the contamination level equivalent of this example is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 contamination level equivalent
(2) Calculating a maximum diameter of allowed dirt spots on the protective lens, the maximum diameter being calculated by the following formula:
wherein D is the maximum diameter of a dirt point allowed to exist on the protective lens, P is attenuation power causing insufficient soldering, u is the power density of the protective lens, and u is the soldering power/the area of a light spot on the protective lens;
according to the formula, the power attenuation caused by the dirty spots on the protective lens is essentially in positive correlation with the areas of the dirty spots, but the calculation of the areas of the dirty spots is too complex, so that the attenuation of the pollution degree of the protective lens to the welding power is simplified into the equivalent value of the diameter of the dirty spots and the pollution degree by designing the equivalent table of the pollution degree, the pollution degree of the protective lens is judged based on the equivalent value, the pollution degree of the protective lens can be judged based on the diameter of the dirty spots, and the quantitative analysis of the pollution degree of the protective lens is simpler and more efficient.
The attenuation power P causing the cold joint can be obtained through experiments, for example, the welding power of the laser welding equipment is 5000W, the welding power is gradually reduced to weld the surface of the welding workpiece under the condition that the protective lens is ensured not to be polluted until the cold joint is generated due to insufficient penetration, the welding power when the cold joint is generated is recorded, for example, 3000W, and the attenuation power P causing the cold joint due to the dirt of the protective lens is 2000W. The welding power caused by the cold joint can be calculated according to the known functional relation between the penetration and the welding power, and the attenuation power P of the cold joint caused by the dirt of the protective lens is calculated by combining the vibrating mirror power in the normal process.
(3) Determining a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to each pollution point according to the pollution degree equivalent comparison table, and simultaneously determining a maximum pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the maximum diameter pollution point allowed to exist on the protective lens;
(4) and judging whether the sum of the equivalent values of all the pollution points is less than or equal to the maximum pollution degree equivalent value, if so, indicating that the protective lens is scrapped, otherwise, the protective lens can still be used.
Specifically, assuming that the diameter D of the maximum diameter dirty spots allowed to exist on the protective lens in this embodiment is 5.6-6mm, the corresponding maximum contamination equivalent value is 144, so that the total equivalent value of all the dirty spots is required to be less than or equal to 144, if the contamination degree of the lens is detected to be qualified, the lens is cleaned with alcohol and dust-free paper and used continuously, and if the contamination degree of the lens is not detected to be qualified, the protective lens is discarded and the protective lens needs to be replaced.
In conclusion, the laser spot position can be accurately confirmed by only using white micro-light-transmitting paper, after the spot position is confirmed, the spot position on the protective lens is drawn by drawing software according to a ratio of 1:1, the clamping plate is manufactured according to a drawing, the clamping plate and the protective lens are overlapped, the edges of the clamping plate and the protective lens are aligned, the number of dirty spots in the light-emitting area of the protective lens can be confirmed, and the diameter of the dirty spots can be confirmed through a film ruler, so that the method for conveniently and efficiently judging the dirty degree of the laser welding protective lens is realized, the welding quality is improved, the one-time qualification rate of products is improved, defective products are prevented from flowing to the market, and unnecessary troubles are brought to customers.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting the contamination degree of a laser welding protective lens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the position and the outline of a light spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam through the white micro-light-transmitting paper;
preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens, wherein a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the position and the outline of the light spot is formed in the clamping plate;
completely overlapping the clamping plate and the protective lens, rotating the clamping plate and searching a light emergent area with the largest visceral stain quantity in a protective lens area exposed by a through hole of the clamping plate;
measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots;
and determining the dirt degree of the light outlet area on the protective lens according to the quantity and the diameter of the dirt.
2. The method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to claim 1, wherein the determining the position and the profile of the spot formed on the protective lens by the laser beam through the white micro-transmitting paper comprises:
providing white micro-light-transmitting paper;
attaching the white micro-light-transmitting paper to the surface of the protective lens arranged on the laser welding equipment, and completely overlapping the edge of the white micro-light-transmitting paper with the edge of the protective lens;
locking light of laser welding equipment and starting red light preview to form a red light spot on the white micro-transparent paper;
and depicting the edge profile of the red light spot on the white micro-light-transmitting paper so as to obtain the position and the profile of the spot correspondingly formed on the protective lens by the laser beam.
3. The method for detecting the contamination degree of the laser welding protective lens according to claim 1, wherein the preparing a clamping plate in a ratio of 1:1 to the protective lens and forming a clamping plate through hole in a ratio of 1:1 to the outline of the light spot on the clamping plate comprises:
measuring the position of the red light spot and the outline size of the red light spot depicted on the white micro-light-transmitting paper;
drawing the positions and the outlines of the white micro-light-transmitting paper and the red light spots according to a ratio of 1:1 by using drawing software to serve as a drawing of the clamping plate;
and manufacturing the clamping plate according to the drawing.
4. The method for detecting the contamination level of a laser-welded protective lens according to claim 1, wherein the measuring the diameter of the contamination point in the light exit region where the number of contamination points is the largest comprises:
and measuring the diameter of each dirty spot in the light-emitting area with the largest number of dirty spots through a film ruler, and if the dirty spots are irregular graphs, measuring the largest outer contour size of the dirty spots.
5. The method for detecting the contamination level of a laser welding protective lens according to claim 1, wherein the determining the contamination level of the light exit area on the protective lens based on the maximum diameter of the contamination comprises:
(1) designing a pollution degree equivalent comparison table for representing the influence of pollution points in different diameter ranges on the laser welding power attenuation degree, wherein the pollution degree equivalent comparison table comprises the corresponding relation between the different diameter numerical ranges and pollution degree equivalent values, and the pollution degree equivalent values are calculated by the following formula:
wherein A is a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the pollution point, d is an upper limit value of a diameter numerical range in which the diameter of the pollution point is located, and n is a difference value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the diameter numerical range;
(2) calculating a maximum diameter of allowed dirt spots on the protective lens, the maximum diameter being calculated by the following formula:
wherein D is the maximum diameter of a dirt point allowed to exist on the protective lens, P is attenuation power causing insufficient soldering, and u is power density of the protective lens, namely the ratio of soldering power to the area of a light spot on the protective lens;
(3) determining a pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to each pollution point according to the pollution degree equivalent comparison table, and simultaneously determining a maximum pollution degree equivalent value corresponding to the maximum diameter pollution point allowed to exist on the protective lens;
(4) and judging whether the sum of the equivalent values of all the pollution points is less than or equal to the maximum pollution degree equivalent value, if so, indicating that the protective lens is scrapped, otherwise, the protective lens can still be used.
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| CN113523548B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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