CN113523312A

CN113523312A - Automatic production line for automobile hubs

Info

Publication number: CN113523312A
Application number: CN202110937907.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐帅强; 张彦彬; 周宗明; 李长河; 崔歆; 刘波; 陈云; 杨玉莹
Original assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Current assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-08-16
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Also published as: JP2023027003A; JP7412026B2

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic production line for automobile hubs, which adopts the technical scheme that: the automatic wheel hub suspension device comprises a rotary material rack, a transfer manipulator and a lathe, wherein a plurality of suspension brackets for suspending wheel hubs are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the rotary material rack; the transfer manipulator can transfer the wheel hub between the rotary material rack and the roller way; a moving manipulator is arranged on one side, away from the rotary material rack, of the roller way, and the moving manipulator is used for transferring the hub on the roller way to a lathe; the lathe is equipped with an internal stay type clamp and an external clamp type clamp to clamp the wheel hub. The hub automatic production device adopts a serial arrangement, has a compact structure and small occupied space, realizes the automatic production of the hub by matching all devices, and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Automatic production line for automobile hubs

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hub processing, in particular to an automatic production line of an automobile hub.

Background

At present, in a machining link of a hub production line, a worker is required to lift a hub blank by bare hands and clamp the hub blank on a chuck of a machine tool, the workload is high, the labor intensity is high, and the body part is easily damaged by long-time working. And the workpiece manually moved into the machine tool has poor clamping consistency, and machine tool machining deviation is easy to occur. Not only wastes time and energy, and is inefficient, but also easily damages the surface of the hub and influences the quality of the hub. Although an automatic production line appears in the prior art, the problems that the production efficiency and the production quality requirements cannot be met still exist.

For example, the prior art discloses a hub processing production line and a hub processing production method thereof, and the hub processing production line comprises a rack, a feeding mechanism, a front side edge rolling mechanism, a turnover mechanism and a back side edge rolling mechanism, wherein the device has a compact structure, is independently driven by each part, and is suitable for batch production; but the automatic feeding and discharging link of the production line can not realize automation, and a large amount of manual work is still needed to carry workpieces when the wheel hub blank reaches the processing position, so that the product performance is unstable, and the production efficiency is influenced. The prior art also discloses an automobile hub production line, which comprises an underframe, a side vertical frame, a laying frame and a winding drum, and has a simple structure, can effectively prevent hub products from being damaged, and improves the product percent of pass; however, the accurate positioning of the hub workpiece cannot be guaranteed in the stacking process of the production line, the stacking of the workpieces easily interferes with each other, the workpieces are abraded, the defective rate is increased, and the production safety cannot be guaranteed.

The prior art also discloses a feeding platform for processing the hub and a hub processing system, wherein the feeding platform comprises a circular turntable and a power device, three lathes are arranged for processing, and the mechanical arm sends the hub processed by the lathes to a discharging device; however, the workpieces to be machined in the feeding table of the system cannot be automatically supplemented, the machining continuity cannot be guaranteed, and the machining process is arranged on three lathes, so that the machining precision is influenced by the large number of times of clamping the workpieces.

In conclusion, the layout of the processing links in the existing automobile hub production line is more and less, and the problems of large occupied space, large deviation of the clamping and positioning device and the like exist.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic production line for automobile hubs, which adopts a serial layout, has a compact structure and small occupied space, realizes the automatic production of the hubs by matching of all devices, and improves the production efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic production line for an automobile hub, including:

the rotary material rack is provided with a plurality of suspension brackets for suspending the wheel hub at intervals in the circumferential direction;

the transfer manipulator can transfer the hub between the rotary material rack and the roller way; a moving manipulator is arranged on one side, away from the rotary material rack, of the roller way, and the moving manipulator is used for transferring the hub on the roller way to a lathe;

and a lathe which is provided with an internal support type clamp and an external clamping type clamp so as to clamp the wheel hub.

As a further implementation mode, the internal-supporting type clamp comprises an internal-supporting type main body and internal-supporting type clamping jaws, the internal-supporting type clamping jaws are arranged in a plurality of circumferential intervals along the internal-supporting type main body, and the internal-supporting type clamping jaws are connected with a first moving assembly arranged in the internal-supporting type main body.

As a further implementation mode, the internal-supporting type main body is circumferentially provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, the first moving assembly comprises an air cylinder and a guide rail block arranged in the mounting grooves, and the internal-supporting type clamping jaw guide rail block is connected with the air cylinder in a sliding mode and is connected with the air cylinder.

As a further implementation manner, the inner supporting type clamping jaw comprises a first clamping jaw head, and the outer side surface of the first clamping jaw head is an arc-shaped surface.

As a further implementation manner, the external clamping type clamp comprises an external support type main body and a plurality of external support type clamping jaws, wherein the plurality of external support type clamping jaws are arranged along the circumferential direction of the external support type main body and are hinged with the outer wall of the external support type main body; the external-support type clamping jaw is connected with a second moving assembly arranged in the external-support type main body through a sliding chuck.

As a further implementation manner, the external-support type clamping jaw comprises a second clamping jaw head and a clamping jaw arm, wherein the second clamping jaw head is installed at one end of the clamping jaw arm, and the other end of the clamping jaw arm is hinged with the external-support type main body; the jaw arm is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding chuck to move.

As a further implementation manner, the surface of the second jaw head is an arc-shaped surface, and the jaw arm is in a 7-shaped structure.

As a further implementation manner, the transfer manipulator comprises a manipulator claw, the manipulator claw comprises a claw disc and a plurality of clamping parts arranged along the circumferential direction of the claw disc, and the clamping parts are connected with a cylinder arranged along the radial direction of the claw disc.

As a further implementation manner, the rotary material rack further comprises a support frame and two turntables, the suspension frame is connected between the turntables, the turntables are connected with the support frame through rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts are connected with a driving mechanism.

As a further implementation manner, the device further comprises a machining center, wherein the movable manipulator is arranged between the machining center and the lathe; and the machining center is provided with a trace lubricating system.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention adopts a serial layout, a plurality of groups of lathes and a processing center are arranged between two parallel roller ways, each roller way is respectively provided with a transferring manipulator and a rotary material rack, and one set of feeding and discharging system can support a plurality of groups of machining links, thereby having compact structure and saving space.

(2) The lathe can be simultaneously provided with the two clamps, the number of times of clamping the workpiece is small during machining, and the precision of machining is improved by transferring the workpiece on the different clamps through the transfer table in the lathe.

(3) The inner supporting type clamp comprises a plurality of first jaw heads, the shape of each first jaw head is set according to the contour line of the inner surface of a hub, the outer supporting type clamp comprises a plurality of second jaw heads, the second jaw heads are set according to the contour line of the outer surface of the hub, and stable clamping on the surface of the hub is realized through the structural design of the first jaw heads and the second jaw heads; the two are mutually matched, so that the continuity of the front and back processing of the hub is ensured.

(4) According to the invention, the hub is suspended through the rotary material rack, so that the transfer manipulator can clamp the hub along the axial direction of the hub, the rotary space is compact, and the interference with other equipment can be avoided; and the hub presss from both sides the back revolving rack rotation and makes next hub correspond to and snatchs the station, has simplified the action process of transporting the manipulator, has improved last unloading efficiency.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a carousel structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transfer robot configuration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a gripper and a robotic arm according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a gripper hub according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a gripper according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a lathe structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of an internally bracing clamp according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an internally bracing jaw in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention in connection with a cylinder;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of an internal bracing body structure according to one or more embodiments of the invention;

fig. 11 is an exploded view of a clip-on clamp according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a front view of a wafer-type clamp according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an externally supported body according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of an outrigger jaw configuration according to one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a second movement assembly, according to one or more embodiments of the invention;

figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a mobile robot configuration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

the automatic feeding device comprises a conveying manipulator, a rotary material rack, a movable manipulator, a machining center, a lathe, a roller table, a wheel hub, a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a feeding mechanism, wherein the conveying manipulator is I, the rotary material rack is II, the movable manipulator is III, the machining center is V, the lathe, the roller table is VI, the roller table is VII and the wheel hub; i-01, a mechanical paw, I-02 and a mechanical arm; II-01, a turntable, II-02, a support frame, II-03, a suspension bracket, V-01, a vehicle body, V-02, an internal support type clamp, V-03 and an external clamp type clamp;

i-01-01, a clamping part, an I-01-02 air cylinder, an I-01-03 claw disc, an I-01-04 and a guide groove; v-02-01, an internal support type main body, V-02-02, an internal support type claw, V-02-03, a cylinder, V-02-04 and a guide rail block; v-03-01, an external support type main body, V-03-02, an external support type claw, V-03-03, a cylinder, V-03-04, a positioning disc, V-03-05 and a sliding chuck; v-02-01-01, an installation bin, V-02-01-02, a support disc, V-02-01-03, an installation groove, V-02-02-01, a first jaw head, V-02-02-02 and a connecting block; v-03-01-01, a guide groove, V-03-01-02, a support, V-03-01-03 and a through hole; v-03-02-01, a claw arm, V-03-02-02, a second claw head, V-03-02-03 and a sliding groove.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides an automatic production line for automobile hubs, which comprises a transfer manipulator I, a rotary rack II, a moving manipulator III, a machining center IV, a lathe V and a roller way VI, wherein the machining center IV and the lathe V can be provided in plurality and need to be matched with the corresponding moving manipulator III; the movable manipulator III is arranged between the machining center IV and the lathe V, roller ways VI are arranged on two sides of the lathe V, one roller way VI is used for feeding, the other roller way VI is used for discharging, and each roller way VI corresponds to the movable manipulator III and the rotary material rack II.

In the embodiment, a serial layout is adopted, a plurality of groups of lathes V and machining centers IV are arranged between two parallel roller ways VI, wherein one is a feeding roller way, and the other is a discharging roller way; every roll table VI corresponds transportation manipulator I and gyration work or material rest II respectively, and one set of unloading system can support many sets of machining links, compact structure.

Further, a rotary material rack II is used for containing a hub VII, a hub blank is hung on the rotary material rack II in a feeding area, and the hub blank is placed on a roller table VI through a transferring manipulator I; in the blanking area, the transfer manipulator I transfers the processed hub to the rotary material rack II from the roller table VI for storage.

As shown in fig. 2, the rotary material rack II comprises two rotary discs II-01, a support frame II-02 and two suspension frames II-03, wherein the two rotary discs II-01 are circumferentially connected through a plurality of suspension frames II-03 arranged at intervals; the center of the rotary disc II-01 is connected with the support frame II-02 through a rotary shaft, the rotary shaft is connected with a driving mechanism, and the rotary disc II-01 rotates relative to the support frame II-02 through the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism can be a chain transmission mechanism, a gear rack mechanism and the like.

In this embodiment, the suspension bracket II-03 has a T-shaped structure, and the T-shaped extending end of the suspension bracket is used for suspending the hub VII. After the transfer manipulator I clamps the hub VII, the rotary table II-01 rotates to enable the suspension bracket II-03 with the hub VII to correspond to a clamping station of the transfer manipulator I.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the transfer robot I includes a robot arm I-02 and a gripper I-01, and the gripper I-01 is detachably connected to the robot arm I-02. As shown in figures 5 and 6, the mechanical gripper I-01 comprises a clamping part I-01-01, a gripper disc I-01-03 and a cylinder I-01-02, wherein the gripper disc I-01-03 is radially provided with a plurality of guide grooves I-01-04 for moving the clamping part I-01-01. In this embodiment, four guide slots I-01-04 are provided, and it is understood that in other embodiments, other numbers of guide slots I-01-04 may be provided.

The central position of the claw disc I-01-03 is provided with air cylinders I-01-02 the number of which is the same as that of the guide grooves I-01-04, the air cylinders I-01-02 are connected with the clamping part I-01-01, and the clamping part I-01-01 is driven to move along the guide grooves I-01-04 through the air cylinders I-01-02. In this embodiment, the clamping part I-01-01 is a sucker type clamping jaw, the bottom of which is provided with a slide block, and the slide block is matched with the guide groove I-01-04.

In the embodiment, the lathe V adopts a double-spindle double-turret horizontal lathe, namely two clamps are arranged in the lathe V, as shown in FIG. 7, the lathe V comprises a lathe body V-01, an inner supporting clamp V-02 and an outer clamping clamp V-03 are arranged in the lathe body V-01, and a hub VII is clamped by the inner supporting clamp V-02 and the outer clamping clamp V-03 according to the processing procedure setting of the front surface and the back surface of the hub.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the inner supporting type clamp V-02 comprises an inner supporting type main body V-02-01, an inner supporting type jaw V-02-02, and a first moving assembly, wherein the first moving assembly is mounted on the inner supporting type main body V-02-01, and is connected with the inner supporting type jaw V-02-02, and the inner supporting type jaw V-02-02 is moved along the radial direction of the hub VII by the first moving assembly to clamp the inner surface of the hub VII.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the first moving assembly comprises a plurality of air cylinders V-02-03 and a plurality of guide rail blocks V-02-04, and the number of the air cylinders V-02-03 is the same as that of the inner-supporting type clamping jaws V-02-02. In order to realize stable clamping of the hub VII, four internal support type clamping jaws V-02-02 are arranged in the embodiment; of course, in other embodiments, the number of the internal-supporting type jaws V-02-02 can be three or other numbers.

The air cylinder V-02-03 is arranged along the radial direction of the inner supporting type main body V-02-01, and the air cylinder V-02-03 drives the inner supporting type clamping jaws V-02-02 to move in the radial direction. The internal-supporting type jaw V-02-02 comprises a connecting block V-02-02-02 and a first jaw head V-02-01, the first jaw head V-02-01 is detachably connected with the connecting block V-02-02, and the connecting block V-02-02-02 is connected with the output end of the cylinder V-02-03.

In this embodiment, the outer side surface of the first jaw head v-02-02-01 is an arc surface so as to be attached to the inner surface of the hub VII, thereby further ensuring stable clamping.

As shown in FIG. 10, the inner supporting type main body V-02-01 comprises a supporting disc V-02-01-02 and an installation bin V-02-01-01, wherein the installation bin V-02-01-01 is fixed on the supporting disc V-02-01-02; wherein, the cross section of the installation bin V-02-01-01 is annular, and the inside of the installation bin V-02-01-01 is a cylindrical cavity.

A plurality of mounting grooves V-02-01-03 are formed in the circumferential direction of the mounting bin V-02-01-01, a guide rail block V-02-04 is arranged in each mounting groove V-02-01-03, and a connecting block V-02-02-02 of the inner supporting type clamping jaw V-02 is in sliding connection with the guide rail block V-02-04. In the embodiment, a through channel is arranged in the guide rail block V-02-04, and the connecting block V-02-02-02 is arranged in the channel, and the shapes of the two are matched, for example, the two are in a convex structure.

The inner supporting type clamping jaws V-02-02 are circumferentially arranged along the mounting bin V-02-01-01, and under the action of the air cylinder V-02-03, the first clamping jaw head V-02-01 can move towards the direction close to or away from the mounting bin V-02-01-01 so as to adjust whether the first clamping jaw head V-02-01 is attached to the inner surface of the hub VII or not.

Further, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the outer clip type jig V-03 includes an outer supporting type body V-03-01, outer supporting type jaws V-03-02, a second moving member, and a positioning plate V-03-04, the positioning plate V-03-04 being installed at one end of the outer supporting type body V-03-01, and the positioning plate V-03-04 is located at the top end of the outer supporting type body V-03-01 with reference to the direction shown in fig. 12.

A plurality of external-support type clamping jaws V-03-02 are circumferentially arranged along the external-support type main body V-03-01, a hub VII is arranged on the positioning disc V-03-04, and the outer surface of the hub VII is clamped through the external-support type clamping jaws V-03-02. The external-supporting type claw V-03-02 is connected with a second moving assembly, and the second moving assembly is close to or far away from the hub VII.

Further, as shown in fig. 15, the second moving assembly includes a plurality of cylinders v-03-03, the number of the cylinders v-03-03 is the same as that of the externally-supported jaws v-03-02; the extending end of the cylinder V-03-03 is connected with a sliding chuck V-03-05, the sliding chuck V-03-05 is in sliding connection with the externally-supported jaw V-03-02, and the externally-supported jaw V-03-02 is rotated through the cylinder V-03-03.

Further, as shown in fig. 14, the outer supporting jaw v-03-02 includes a second jaw head v-03-02-02 and a jaw arm v-03-02-01, and the jaw arm v-03-02-01 of this embodiment has a 7-shaped structure, so that the jaw arm v-03-02-01 can smoothly rotate without interference from other parts.

The second jaw head V-03-02-02 is connected to one end of the jaw arm V-03-02-01, and the surface of the second jaw head V-03-02-02 is an arc surface so as to be attached to the outer surface of the hub VII. The jaw arm V-03-02-01 is provided with a sliding groove V-03-02-03, and the sliding chuck V-03-05 is of a U-shaped structure and is in sliding connection with the sliding groove V-03-02-03 through a pin shaft.

As shown in FIG. 13, the inner part of the externally-supporting main body V-03-01 is a cavity for installing the cylinder V-03-03. The outer supporting type main body V-03-01 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of through holes V-03-01-03, and the end part of the air cylinder V-03-03 extends out of the through holes V-03-01-03 to be connected with the sliding chuck V-03-05.

A plurality of support seats V-03-01-02 are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the outer supporting type main body V-03-01, and a jaw arm V-03-02-01 of the outer supporting type jaw V-03-02 is hinged with the support seats V-03-01-02, so that the outer supporting type jaw V-03-02 can rotate relative to the outer supporting type main body V-03-01. In this embodiment, four external-bracing type jaws V-03-02 are provided to stably clamp the hub VII. It is understood that in other embodiments, other numbers of outer support jaws v-03-02 may be selected.

Further, the outer supporting type main body V-03-01 is provided with a guide groove V-03-01-01 circumferentially corresponding to the position of the outer supporting type jaw V-03-02 so as to avoid the interference of the outer supporting type main body V-03-01 on the movement of the outer supporting type jaw V-03-02. The positioning disc V-03-04 and the outer support type main body V-03-01 are provided with guide grooves at corresponding positions.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, the moving manipulator III includes a manipulator III-01 and a moving base III-02, the manipulator III-01 is mounted on the moving base III-02, and the moving base III-02 is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the roller table VI. The movable base III-02 is of an existing structure as long as the linear motion of the manipulator III-01 can be realized, for example, a screw rod assembly driven by a motor is adopted. The structure of the manipulator III-01 is the same as that of the transfer manipulator I, and the description is omitted here.

Further, the machining center IV is provided with a minimal quantity lubrication system for supplying the cutting fluid to the lathe V and the machining center IV. And the moving manipulator III grabs the hub VII from the roller way VI and places the hub VII on the lathe V for processing, and after the processing is finished, the moving manipulator III transfers the hub VII from the lathe V to the processing center IV for processing of the next procedure. After the machining is finished, the moving manipulator III takes the hub VII out of the machining center IV and places the hub VII on another roller way VI to transport the hub VII away from the machining link.

The process steps performed by the machining center IV and the lathe V are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 working procedure

This embodiment adopts the serial-type overall arrangement, and one set of unloading system (including the regional roll table VI of material loading, unloading, the transport manipulator I that corresponds, gyration work or material rest II) can support many sets of machining links, has guaranteed the intensive of production line and has saved space when, has also kept the feasibility for the expansion of follow-up production line and the addition of function.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automobile wheel hub automation line which is characterized by comprising:

2. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 1, wherein the inner-bracing-type clamp comprises an inner-bracing-type main body and a plurality of inner-bracing-type clamping jaws which are circumferentially arranged at intervals along the inner-bracing-type main body, and the inner-bracing-type clamping jaws are connected with a first moving assembly arranged in the inner-bracing-type main body.

3. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of mounting grooves are circumferentially formed in the inner supporting type main body, the first moving assembly comprises an air cylinder and a guide rail block arranged in the mounting grooves, and the inner supporting type clamping jaw guide rail block is connected in a sliding manner and is connected with the air cylinder.

4. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 2, wherein the inner-supporting type jaw comprises a first jaw head, and the outer side surface of the first jaw head is an arc-shaped surface.

5. The automatic production line of the automobile hub according to claim 1, wherein the outer clamping type clamp comprises an outer support type main body and a plurality of outer support type clamping jaws, and the plurality of outer support type clamping jaws are circumferentially arranged along the outer support type main body and hinged with the outer wall of the outer support type main body; the external-support type clamping jaw is connected with a second moving assembly arranged in the external-support type main body through a sliding chuck.

6. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 5, wherein the externally-supported jaw comprises a second jaw head and a jaw arm, the second jaw head is mounted at one end of the jaw arm, and the other end of the jaw arm is hinged to the externally-supported main body; the jaw arm is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding chuck to move.

7. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 6, wherein the surface of the second jaw head is an arc-shaped surface, and the jaw arm is of a 7-shaped structure.

8. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 1, wherein the transfer manipulator comprises a gripper, the gripper comprises a claw disk and a plurality of clamping portions circumferentially arranged along the claw disk, and the clamping portions are connected with a cylinder radially arranged along the claw disk.

9. The automatic production line for automobile hubs according to claim 1, wherein the rotary rack further comprises a support frame and two turntables, the suspension frame is connected between the turntables, the turntables are connected with the support frame through rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts are connected with the driving mechanism.

10. The automatic production line for the automobile hubs according to claim 1, further comprising a machining center, wherein the movable manipulator is arranged between the machining center and a lathe; and the machining center is provided with a trace lubricating system.