CN113519252B

CN113519252B - Small-size vanning formula potato results combined operation machine

Info

Publication number: CN113519252B
Application number: CN202110840734.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙伟; 张海鹏; 韩亮; 刘小龙; 张华�; 赵志伟; 王虎存; 赵武云; 赵虎
Original assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Current assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-07-25
Filing date: 2021-07-25
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-25
Also published as: CN113519252A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a small-sized box-type potato harvesting combined machine. Comprises a frame, a traction hanging frame, a composite digging shovel, a transmission device, a vibration separation device, an eccentric wheel mechanism and a supporting wheel; the composite digging shovel, the supporting wheel and the vibrating screen are respectively connected to the lower end of the frame, and the eccentric wheel mechanism is installed at the upper end of the frame; the eccentric wheel mechanism is used for driving the digging shovel and the vibrating screen at the same time, so that the digging shovel and the vibrating screen do reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction at the same time, the design concept of coaxial transmission but different amplitudes is adopted, the digging resistance is reduced as much as possible, the amplitude of the vibrating screen in the horizontal direction is increased, the potato and soil are separated more thoroughly, and in addition, the rotating barrel frame collecting device is designed, so that the integrated operation flow of digging, soil screening and boxing is realized; another function is to further achieve potato-soil separation, making the collected potatoes cleaner. And meanwhile, the vibration optimization is carried out on the digging shovel, so that the digging shovel and the vibrating screen are connected more compactly while the resistance of the machine is reduced.

Description

Small-size vanning formula potato results combined operation machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a small-sized box-type potato harvesting combined machine.

Background

Aiming at the development demand of potato industry in northwest regions of China, the landform of Gansu province is mainly characterized by more sloping fields, less Sichuan fields, smaller land parcels and a terrace form, so that the existing potato harvester is difficult to complete the landform operation, the development of the potato industry in Gansu province is severely restricted, China is a big agricultural country, and the income of farmers in the northwest regions is low to a great extent, and the development of the northwest regions is restricted. In the investigation, the planting mode and distribution of potatoes in Gansu province, the cultivated land resource and soil type, the power matched with a walking tractor, the acceptance degree of machine excavation, the damage rate and the clean digging rate of the machine excavation to the potatoes are researched, and the defects of the domestic existing potato harvester are found. Part of the disclosed equipment is as follows: the utility model provides a low harvester that decreases of potato, patent number CN201821769519.6, the utility model discloses a low harvester that decreases of potato, potato combine system support rear end is baffle formula potato lift conveyer belt, install potato loading altitude mixture control pneumatic cylinder and the flexible pneumatic cylinder of loading lift conveyer on the baffle formula potato lift conveyer belt, grid potato soil separator is connected to baffle formula potato lift conveyer belt, install grid potato soil separator driving motor on the grid potato soil separator, tractor traction device is used for connecting the tractor, potato combine system support front end is equipped with the digger blade, baffle formula potato lift conveyer belt connection baffle formula potato lift conveyer belt driving motor, potato combine system support bottom is equipped with the land wheel. The equipment only solves the problem of excavation, and personnel and equipment are required to be equipped for assisting in harvesting so as to carry out work.

Chain formula potato results and incomplete membrane recovery all-in-one, patent No. CN201820680240.4, including the support body, play membrane and potato scoop device, the chain formula divides the membrane device, receive membrane device and power transmission, it joins in marriage the front end at the support body to play membrane and potato scoop device, it joins in marriage to play membrane and potato scoop device, the chain formula divides the membrane device, receive membrane device and power transmission and join in marriage and adorn on the support body, the chain formula divides the membrane device to be located the rear of play membrane and potato scoop device, it is located the rear of chain formula branch membrane device to receive the membrane device, power transmission is used for providing power to chain formula branch membrane device and receive membrane device, it shovels incomplete membrane and potato from the subsurface to play membrane and potato scoop device, and push chain formula branch membrane device with incomplete membrane, the chain formula divides membrane device to separate incomplete membrane and soil separation, and convey to receiving the membrane device, it retrieves the incomplete membrane. The equipment is large in size and difficult to be applied to small plots, and the plastic film interferes with the transmission part to be wound with residual film, so that the service life of the whole machine is influenced.

In conclusion, the conventional potato excavator is generally in a fixed excavation shovel type, the digging efficiency is low, excavated potatoes are difficult to separate from soil, the digging rate is directly reduced, people can pick up the potatoes behind the digger, the working efficiency is low, the potato excavator is mainly in an open field harvesting mode, the working width is large, and the potato excavator is difficult to adapt to potato harvesting of landforms of main production areas such as northwest China and Gansu areas. In view of the fact that the existing potato harvesting equipment cannot be popularized and used, the potato excavator which uses a small walking tractor as matching power and integrates potato packing is designed and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the defects of the existing potato excavator, and relates to a small-sized box-type potato excavator which is simple in structure and integrates potato boxing.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a small-sized boxed potato harvesting combined machine comprises a frame, a traction hanging frame, a composite digging shovel, a transmission device, a vibration separation device, an eccentric wheel mechanism and a supporting wheel; the composite digging shovel, the supporting wheel and the vibrating screen are respectively connected to the lower end of the frame, and the eccentric wheel mechanism is installed at the upper end of the frame;

the transmission comprises a first drive shaft; the first driving shaft is connected to the rack through a bearing seat, a driving belt wheel is arranged on the first driving shaft, and the driving belt wheel on the first driving shaft is in driving connection with the tractor through a belt; the shaft end of the first driving shaft is connected with an eccentric wheel mechanism;

the eccentric wheel mechanism and the vibration separation device are connected into a whole, and the eccentric wheel mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel, an upper rocker arm, a lower rocker arm, a front rocker arm, a connecting rod and a rear rocker arm; the vibration separation device comprises a front sieve arm and a rear sieve arm; the eccentric wheel is connected with one end of an upper rocker arm, the other end of the upper rocker arm is connected with one end of a lower rocker arm, the other end of the lower rocker arm is hinged with a front rocker arm, and the front rocker arm is connected with the composite digging shovel through a connecting rod; the composite excavating shovel has an eccentric vibration function, ensures the depth of the soil during excavating, effectively screens out redundant soil through vibration, reduces the running resistance of the machine tool and ensures smooth and reliable running. The lower part of the front rocker is connected with the front sieve arm, the lower part of the rear rocker is connected with the rear sieve arm, and a plurality of groups of grid bars are connected between the front sieve arm and the rear sieve arm to form the vibrating sieve; the grid action one: the composite digging shovel and the vibration separation device need to generate displacement vibration and are matched with the grid bars to screen out soil of the just dug potatoes. The second function of the grid bars is as follows: when the landmass has the plastic film to remain, the plastic film remained can be picked up to the grid point end, prevents that the plastic film from getting into, only need during the clearance with the plastic film excision of grid point end retention can. The combined type digging shovel comprises a shovel surface and a shovel arm, and the shovel arm of the combined type digging shovel is connected with the vibration separation device through a connecting rod.

The device also comprises a rotating device and a collecting device; the collecting device comprises a collecting box, an angle iron bracket and a shielding plate, the angle iron bracket is arranged on the rack, the collecting box is placed on the angle iron bracket, and the collecting box is connected with the shielding plate;

the rotating device comprises a rotating barrel frame, a supporting and pulling plate, a positioning wheel plate and a baffle plate; the support and pull plate is connected with the rack, the support and pull plate is connected with the positioning wheel plate, and the positioning wheel plate is clamped with the outer ring of the rotary barrel rack;

the transmission further comprises a second drive shaft and a third drive shaft; the first driving shaft, the second driving shaft and the third driving shaft are respectively connected to the rack through bearing seats, the first driving shaft is provided with a driving belt pulley and a driving bevel gear, the second driving shaft is provided with a driven bevel gear and a combined chain wheel I, and the third driving shaft is provided with a combined chain wheel II and a combined chain wheel III; a driving belt wheel on the first driving shaft is in driving connection with a tractor through a belt, a driving bevel gear of the first driving shaft is in gear meshing transmission with a driven bevel gear of the second driving shaft, a combined chain wheel I of the second driving shaft is in chain transmission with a combined chain wheel II of the third driving shaft through a chain, and a combined chain wheel III of the third driving shaft is in meshing transmission with an inner gear ring of the rotary barrel frame. The present case transmission and rotary device are rotatory with the potato, promote highly the back results in the collecting box, through vibration, rotation and the step-by-step clearance earth of discrepancy upset substep many times during the potato results, and the cleanliness is high after the potato results, and rotary device forms the discrepancy in elevation and cooperates the grizzly in earlier stage plastic film screening and the shale shaker miscellaneous simultaneously with compound digger blade, has reduced plastic film and impurity to the influence of whole moving part by a wide margin, and whole smooth operation is longe-lived.

The supporting and pulling plates and the positioning wheel plates are provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of supporting and pulling plates and the positioning wheel plates are respectively clamped on the outer ring of the rotary barrel frame; the multiple groups of supporting and pulling plates are connected in a multi-point positioning mode, and the outer ring of the rotary barrel frame is stably supported. Each group of supporting and pulling plates is connected with the rack through a supporting and pulling rod I, a supporting and pulling rod II and a supporting and pulling rod III, and the supporting and pulling rods I, the supporting and pulling rods II and the supporting and pulling rods III are arranged in a crossed mode. The cross structure utilizes a triangular support principle to better play a positioning support effect, the composite excavating shovel and the vibration separation device can vibrate during operation, and displacement and vibration stress can be effectively balanced in multiple spatial dimensions through the cross arrangement of the multiple connecting rods, so that a damping effect is achieved.

The eccentric wheel mechanism further comprises a rocker arm adjusting rod, and the upper rocker arm is connected with the lower rocker arm through the rocker arm adjusting rod. The soil penetration and vibration amplitude are adjusted, and the device is suitable for excavation operation of different soil qualities. The supporting wheel is provided with a land wheel support, the frame is provided with a land wheel adjusting sleeve, the land wheel support is inserted into the land wheel adjusting sleeve, and the land wheel support and the land wheel adjusting sleeve are fixedly locked through a locking bolt. The supporting wheels are used for assisting in adjusting the height and improving the whole height adjusting range.

The combined type digging shovel further comprises a plurality of groups of connecting strips and side strips, the connecting strips are arranged at the rear end of the shovel surface, the side strips are arranged in a plurality of groups, and the side strips are arranged on the shovel arm; the connecting strips and the side strips are lapped on the front screen arm. The composite digging shovel and the vibration separation device need to generate displacement vibration, the auxiliary connection effect of the two assemblies can be better played through the connecting strips, and the potatoes are prevented from falling along the gap in the vibration digging and harvesting.

The first driving shaft is connected with a long shaft sleeve, and the second driving shaft is connected with a short shaft sleeve. The first driving shaft and the second driving shaft are located at the front part of the frame and are in real-time contact with soil, and the service life of the transmission part is prolonged by protecting the driving shafts through the shaft sleeves.

The mesh is distributed on the collecting box; the rotary barrel frame comprises a pipe frame, separation baffles and baffles, the pipe frame is formed by arranging a plurality of layers of annular pipes, a multi-component separation baffle is arranged on the inner layer of each layer of annular pipe, and the multi-component separation baffles are arranged at equal intervals; the separating baffle lifts the potatoes in batches under the rotating action to reduce the stacking blockage, and the side part of the rotary barrel frame is connected with the baffle to prevent the potatoes from falling out of the machine. The space between the multiple groups of grid bars, the space between the multiple layers of annular pipes and the mesh size of the collecting box are smaller than the potato tuber. The size of the harvester can be adjusted adaptively when the harvester is used for harvesting other tuber crops. The lower part of the angle iron bracket is provided with the shielding plate, so that the batch separation harvesting capacity of the potatoes is further improved, and the stacking blockage is reduced.

The small-sized box-loading type potato harvesting combined machine has the beneficial effects that the designed small-sized box-loading type potato harvesting combined machine breaks through the common practice that other potato machines only have excavation and potato-soil separation and have a large potato damage mechanism, the eccentric wheel mechanism is used for simultaneously driving the excavation shovel and the vibrating screen, so that the excavation shovel and the vibrating screen do reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction simultaneously, the design concept of coaxial transmission but different amplitudes is adopted, the excavation resistance is reduced as much as possible, the amplitude of the vibrating screen in the horizontal direction is increased, the potato-soil separation is more thorough, and in addition, the rotary barrel collecting device is designed, so that the integrated operation flow of excavation, soil screening and box loading is realized; another function is to further achieve potato-soil separation, making the collected potatoes cleaner. And meanwhile, the vibration of the digging shovel is optimized, so that the digging shovel and the vibrating screen are connected more compactly while the resistance of the machine is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the eccentric mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the digger blade of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vibration separator of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotary device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the supporting wheel device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting device of the present invention;

in the figure: a traction hanging frame 1, a frame 2, a composite digging shovel 3, an eccentric wheel 4, an upper rocker arm 5, a driving belt wheel 6, a driven bevel gear 7, a second driving shaft 8, a combined chain wheel I9, a combined chain wheel II 10, a third driving shaft 11, a supporting and pulling plate 12, a positioning wheel plate 13, a combined chain wheel III 14, a rotary barrel frame 15, a collecting box 16, an angle iron bracket 17, a shielding plate 18, a baffle plate 19, a rear rocker 20, a land wheel bracket 21, a land wheel 22 and a front rocker 23, the device comprises a vibrating screen 24, a connecting rod 25, a rocker arm adjusting rod 26, a lower rocker arm 27, an upper rocker arm 28, a first driving shaft 29, a long shaft sleeve 30, a driving bevel gear 31, a shovel surface 32, a shovel arm 33, a shovel arm lower hole 34, a shovel arm upper hole 35, a side bar 36, a connecting bar 37, a land wheel adjusting sleeve 38, a short shaft sleeve 39, a front screen arm 40, a rear screen arm 41, a support pull rod I42, a support pull rod II 43, a support pull rod III 44, a locking bolt 45 and a grid bar 46.

Detailed Description

A small-sized box-loading type potato harvesting combined machine comprises a frame 2, a traction hanging frame 1, a composite digging shovel 3, a transmission device, a vibration separation device, an eccentric wheel mechanism and a supporting wheel; the composite digging shovel, the supporting wheel and the vibrating screen are respectively connected to the lower end of the frame, and the eccentric wheel mechanism is installed at the upper end of the frame;

the transmission comprises a first drive shaft 29; the first driving shaft 29 is connected to the frame through a bearing seat, the driving belt wheel 6 is arranged on the first driving shaft 29, and the driving belt wheel 6 on the first driving shaft 29 is in driving connection with the tractor through a belt; the shaft end of the first driving shaft 29 is connected with an eccentric wheel mechanism;

the eccentric wheel mechanism and the vibration separation device are connected into a whole, and the eccentric wheel mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel 4, an upper rocker arm 28, a lower rocker arm 27, a front rocker 23, a connecting rod 25 and a rear rocker 20; the vibratory separating apparatus includes a front screen arm 40 and a rear screen arm 41; the eccentric wheel 4 is connected with one end of an upper rocker arm 28, the other end of the upper rocker arm 28 is connected with one end of a lower rocker arm 27, the other end of the lower rocker arm 27 is hinged with a front rocker 23, and the front rocker 23 is connected with the composite excavating shovel 3 through a connecting rod 25; the lower part of the front rocker 23 is connected with the front sieve arm 40, the lower part of the rear rocker 20 is connected with the rear sieve arm 41, and a plurality of groups of grid bars 46 are connected between the front sieve arm 40 and the rear sieve arm 41 to form a vibrating sieve 24;

the combined type digging shovel 3 comprises a shovel surface 32 and a shovel arm 33, a shovel arm lower hole 34 and a shovel arm upper hole 35 are formed in the shovel arm 33, and the shovel arm lower hole 34 and the shovel arm upper hole 35 are respectively connected with the connecting rod 25 and the rack 2. The blade arm 33 of the compound shovel 3 is connected to the vibration isolation device link 25. The device also comprises a rotating device and a collecting device; the collecting device comprises a collecting box 16, an angle iron bracket 17 and a shielding plate 18, the frame 2 is provided with the angle iron bracket 17, the collecting box 16 is placed on the angle iron bracket 17, the collecting box 16 is connected with the shielding plate 18, and the shielding plate 18 is positioned at the lower part of the angle iron bracket 17;

the rotating device comprises a rotating barrel frame 15, a supporting and pulling plate 12, a positioning wheel plate 13 and a baffle plate 19; the support and pull plate 12 is connected with the rack 2, the support and pull plate 12 is connected with a positioning wheel plate 13, and the positioning wheel plate 13 is clamped with the outer ring of the rotary barrel frame 15;

the transmission further comprises a second drive shaft 8 and a third drive shaft 11; the first driving shaft 29, the second driving shaft 8 and the third driving shaft 11 are respectively connected to the rack through bearing seats, the driving belt wheel 6 and the driving bevel gear 31 are arranged on the first driving shaft 29, the driven bevel gear 7 and the combined chain wheel I9 are arranged on the second driving shaft 8, and the combined chain wheel II 10 and the combined chain wheel III 14 are arranged on the third driving shaft 11; the driving belt wheel 6 on the first driving shaft 29 is in driving connection with the tractor through a belt, the driving bevel gear 31 of the first driving shaft 29 is in gear meshing transmission with the driven bevel gear 7 of the second driving shaft 8, the combined chain wheel I9 of the second driving shaft 8 is in chain transmission with the combined chain wheel II 10 of the third driving shaft 11 through a chain, and the combined chain wheel III 14 of the third driving shaft 11 is in meshing transmission with the inner gear ring of the rotating barrel frame 15.

The supporting and pulling plates 12 and the positioning wheel plates 13 are provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of supporting and pulling plates 12 and the positioning wheel plates 13 are respectively clamped on the outer ring of the rotary barrel frame 15; each group of supporting and pulling plates 12 is connected with the machine frame 2 through a supporting and pulling rod I42, a supporting and pulling rod II 43 and a supporting and pulling rod III 44, and the supporting and pulling rods I42, the supporting and pulling rods II 43 and the supporting and pulling rods III 44 are distributed in a crossed mode. The eccentric wheel mechanism further comprises a rocker adjusting rod 26, and an upper rocker 28 is connected with a lower rocker 27 through the rocker adjusting rod 26. The combined type digging shovel 3 further comprises a plurality of groups of connecting strips 37 and side strips 36, the connecting strips 37 are arranged at the rear end of the shovel surface 32, the side strips 36 are arranged at the rear end of the shovel surface 32, and the side strips 36 are arranged at the shovel arm 33; the tie bars 37 and side bars 36 overlap the front screen arms 40. The supporting wheel 22 is provided with a land wheel support 21, the frame 2 is provided with a land wheel adjusting sleeve 38, the land wheel support 21 is inserted into the land wheel adjusting sleeve 38, and the land wheel support 21 and the land wheel adjusting sleeve 38 are fixedly locked through a locking bolt 45. The first drive shaft 29 is connected with a long shaft sleeve 30, and the second drive shaft 8 is connected with a short shaft sleeve 39. The collecting box 16 is provided with meshes. A shielding plate 18 is arranged at the lower part of the angle iron bracket 17, the rotary barrel frame 15 comprises a pipe frame, separating baffles and baffles 19, the pipe frame is formed by arranging a plurality of layers of annular pipes, and a plurality of groups of separating baffles are arranged at the inner layer of each layer of annular pipe and are arranged at equal intervals; the side of the rotating barrel frame 15 is connected with a baffle plate 19. The spacing of the multiple groups of grid bars 46, the spacing of the multiple layers of annular pipes and the mesh size of the collecting box 16 are smaller than the potato tuber.

The spacing between the connecting strips welded behind the shovel surface is smaller than the average size of potatoes, and the vibrating screen is adaptive to the potato digging shovel so as to furthest reduce the soil amount on the digging shovel under the condition of ensuring no potato leakage. The side strips are welded on two sides of the shovel arm, and are used for preventing the soil-potato mixture from leaking from the side. The separating device has the advantages that the amplitude is as large as possible under the condition of ensuring the minimum damage degree of the potatoes, firstly, the best effect of separating the potatoes is achieved, and secondly, the potatoes are conveyed into the rotating barrel with enough force. The positioning wheel plates shown in figure 1 are provided with 4 groups, the rotary barrel frame is positioned between the four positioning wheel plates, the baffle is positioned in the inner ring of the rotary barrel, and the shielding plate is hung at the lower end of the angle iron bracket.

The working process of the machine tool is as follows: connecting a traction hanging frame with a hanging frame of a walking tractor, connecting a driving belt wheel with a belt wheel of the walking tractor through a belt, starting the walking tractor, and driving an eccentric wheel mechanism to swing to drive an excavating device to start working; the composite digging shovel starts to reciprocate to shovel out the potatoes in the soil and then conveys the potatoes to the vibration separation device; the vibration separation device separates the potatoes and conveys the potatoes to the rotary barrel frame, the potatoes are conveyed to the highest position from the lowest end of the rotary barrel along with the rotation of the rotary barrel frame, the potatoes are successfully dropped into the collecting box immediately, and the integration of whole digging, soil and potato separation, arrangement and boxing is completed. From the whole machine, the soil and the potatoes are separated for three times, and the soil and the potatoes are separated for one time at the earlier stage by a digging shovel; the vibration separation device realizes secondary separation of the soil and the potatoes; the potato soil separation device has the advantages that the soil and potato separation is realized for three times by rotating and lifting, the separation effect is greatly improved, the separation sieve has small amplitude and large frequency, the best potato soil separation effect is achieved while the potatoes are not damaged, the integration of digging, soil sieving, collecting and boxing is realized, the structure is simple, the volume is moderate, the weight is light, the grading structure is simple and exquisite, convenience and flexibility are realized, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The design is mainly used for digging, screening and boxing the potatoes; the operation is simple, and the operation is easy to operate; the invention has clear design and arrangement, reasonable and compact structure, relatively easy processing and manufacturing, low manufacturing cost and suitability for large-area popularization and production.

Claims

1. A small-size vanning formula potato results combined operation machine which characterized in that: comprises a frame (2), a traction hanging frame (1), a composite digging shovel (3), a transmission device, a vibration separation device, an eccentric wheel mechanism and a supporting wheel; the composite digging shovel, the supporting wheel and the vibrating screen are respectively connected to the lower end of the frame, and the eccentric wheel mechanism is installed at the upper end of the frame;

the transmission comprises a first drive shaft (29); the first driving shaft (29) is connected to the rack through a bearing seat, a driving belt wheel (6) is arranged on the first driving shaft (29), and the driving belt wheel (6) of the first driving shaft (29) is in driving connection with the tractor through a belt; the shaft end of the first driving shaft (29) is connected with an eccentric wheel mechanism;

the eccentric wheel mechanism and the vibration separation device are connected into a whole, and the eccentric wheel mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel (4), an upper rocker arm (28), a lower rocker arm (27), a front rocker (23), a connecting rod (25) and a rear rocker (20); the vibration separation device comprises a front sieve arm (40) and a rear sieve arm (41); the eccentric wheel (4) is connected with one end of an upper rocker arm (28), the other end of the upper rocker arm (28) is connected with one end of a lower rocker arm (27), the other end of the lower rocker arm (27) is hinged with a front rocker (23), and the front rocker (23) is connected with the composite excavating shovel (3) through a connecting rod (25); the lower part of the front rocker (23) is connected with a front sieve arm (40), the lower part of the rear rocker (20) is connected with the front sieve arm, and a plurality of groups of grid bars (46) are connected between the front sieve arm (40) and the rear sieve arm (41) to form a vibrating sieve (24);

the composite excavating shovel (3) comprises a shovel surface (32) and a shovel arm (33), and the shovel arm (33) of the composite excavating shovel (3) is connected with the vibration separating device connecting rod (25);

the device also comprises a rotating device and a collecting device; the collecting device comprises a collecting box (16), an angle iron bracket (17) and a shielding plate (18), the angle iron bracket (17) is arranged on the rack (2), the collecting box (16) is placed on the angle iron bracket (17), and the shielding plate (18) is arranged on the collecting box (16);

the rotating device comprises a rotating barrel frame (15), a supporting and pulling plate (12), a positioning wheel plate (13) and a baffle plate (19); the support pull plate (12) is connected with the rack (2), the support pull plate (12) is connected with a positioning wheel plate (13), and the positioning wheel plate (13) is clamped with the outer ring of the rotary barrel rack (15);

the transmission further comprises a second drive shaft (8) and a third drive shaft (11); a first driving shaft (29), a second driving shaft (8) and a third driving shaft (11) are respectively connected to the rack through bearing seats, a driving belt wheel (6) and a driving bevel gear (31) are arranged on the first driving shaft (29), a driven bevel gear (7) and a combined chain wheel I (9) are arranged on the second driving shaft (8), and a combined chain wheel II (10) and a combined chain wheel III (14) are arranged on the third driving shaft (11); a driving belt wheel (6) on a first driving shaft (29) is in driving connection with a tractor through a belt, a driving bevel gear (31) of the first driving shaft (29) is in gear engagement transmission with a driven bevel gear (7) of a second driving shaft (8), a combined chain wheel I (9) of the second driving shaft (8) is in chain transmission with a combined chain wheel II (10) of a third driving shaft (11) through a chain, and a combined chain wheel III (14) of the third driving shaft (11) is in engagement transmission with an inner gear ring of a rotary barrel frame (15).

2. A small box-packed potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, further comprising: the supporting and pulling plates (12) and the positioning wheel plates (13) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of supporting and pulling plates (12) and the positioning wheel plates (13) are respectively clamped on the outer ring of the rotary barrel frame (15); each group of supporting and pulling plates (12) is connected with the rack (2) through a supporting and pulling rod I (42), a supporting and pulling rod II (43) and a supporting and pulling rod III (44), and the supporting and pulling rods I (42), the supporting and pulling rods II (43) and the supporting and pulling rods III (44) are distributed in a crossed mode.

3. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, wherein: the eccentric wheel mechanism further comprises a rocker arm adjusting rod (26), and the upper rocker arm (28) is connected with the lower rocker arm (27) through the rocker arm adjusting rod (26).

4. A small box-packed potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, further comprising: the composite digging shovel (3) further comprises connecting strips (37) and side strips (36), wherein multiple groups of connecting strips (37) are arranged, multiple groups of connecting strips (37) are arranged at the rear end of the shovel surface (32), multiple groups of side strips (36) are arranged, and multiple groups of side strips (36) are arranged on the shovel arm (33); the connecting strips (37) and the side strips (36) are overlapped on the front screen arm (40).

5. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with land wheel support (21) on supporting wheel (22), be equipped with land wheel adjusting collar (38) on frame (2), peg graft on land wheel adjusting collar (38) land wheel support (21), land wheel support (21) and land wheel adjusting collar (38) are through locking bolt (45) fixed locking.

6. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, wherein: the first driving shaft (29) is connected with a long shaft sleeve (30), and the second driving shaft (8) is connected with a short shaft sleeve (39).

7. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, wherein: meshes are distributed on the collecting box (16); a shielding plate (18) is arranged at the lower part of the angle iron bracket (17).

8. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 7, wherein: the rotary barrel frame (15) comprises a pipe frame, separation baffles and baffles (19), the pipe frame is formed by arranging a plurality of layers of annular pipes, and the inner layers of the plurality of layers of annular pipes are provided with multi-component separation baffles which are arranged at equal intervals; the side part of the rotary barrel frame (15) is connected with a baffle plate (19).

9. A small box-type potato harvesting combine according to claim 8, wherein: the space between the multiple groups of grid bars (46), the space between the multiple layers of annular pipes and the mesh size of the collecting box (16) are smaller than the potato tuber.