CN115529916A - Potato harvesting operation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of potato harvesting equipment, in particular to a potato harvesting operation machine which comprises a rack and a driving device, wherein a power system, a hydraulic system assembly and a cab are arranged on the rack, an excavating and lifting device is arranged at the front end of the rack, the cab, a gearbox and an electric cabinet are arranged at the front part of the rack, an oil tank of the power system and the hydraulic system assembly are arranged below the middle part of the rack, a loading and unloading device and an engine of the power system are arranged above the rear part of the rack, the separating device comprises a soil and potato separating device and a membrane and potato separating device, the separating device is arranged on the rack behind the excavating and lifting device, and an inclined conveying device and a manual sorting table are respectively arranged above and in the middle part of the rack behind the excavating and lifting device.

Description

Potato harvesting operation machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of potato harvesting equipment, in particular to a potato harvesting operation machine.

Background

The potato has high yield, rich nutrition and strong environmental adaptability, can be used as grain, can also be processed into starch as industrial raw material and the like, has strong economical efficiency, and is a main industry for agricultural economic development in China. The cultivation area of the potato is increased year by year in all over the country, especially in the dry farming areas in the northwest. However, in dry farming areas in northwest, potatoes are mostly planted in small plots on hills, and at present, in the areas, tubers are laid on the ground surface by using a suspended or traction type potato excavator and then are manually picked up in a sectional type harvesting method. The manual picking is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the operation efficiency is low, and the farming season is easy to delay, so that the manual picking becomes one of the limiting factors of the large-scale production of the potatoes in the region.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: the tuber is paved on the ground surface by adopting a suspension type or traction type potato digger, and then the tuber is manually picked up by a sectional type harvesting method. The manual picking is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the operation efficiency is low, and the farming season is easy to delay, so that the manual picking becomes one of the limiting factors of the large-scale production of the potatoes in the region.

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a potato harvesting operation machine which comprises a rack and a driving device, wherein a power system, a hydraulic system assembly and a cab are arranged on the rack, an excavating and lifting device is arranged at the front end of the rack, the cab, a gearbox and an electric cabinet are arranged at the front part of the rack, an oil tank of the power system and the hydraulic system assembly are arranged below the middle part of the rack, a loading and unloading device and an engine of the power system are arranged above the rear part of the rack, a separating device is arranged on a rack behind the excavating and lifting device, an inclined conveying device and a manual sorting platform are respectively arranged in the middle part and above the rack behind the excavating and lifting device, the inclined conveying device is positioned on the left side of the separating device, the manual sorting platform is positioned right above the platform separating device, the loading and unloading device is positioned behind the rear end of the manual sorting platform, the rack behind the cab is provided with an inclined conveying device positioned on the right side of the separating device, and the engine is linked with the gearbox.

Preferably, the excavating and lifting device comprises a rear end support and a front end support, the rear end support is fixed on the frame, front end support arms are welded and installed on two sides of the front end support, the front end support is hinged to the frame through the rear end of the front end support arms, a U-shaped connecting rod is welded and installed on the front portion of the front end support, an ear plate is welded and installed on the upper end of the front end support, a hanging plate is welded and installed on the lower end of the front portion of the front end support, a connecting plate is fixedly connected with a cross rod, the front end of the connecting plate is hinged to a profiling soil crushing roller rotating shaft, the rear end of the connecting plate is hinged to the ear plate, one end of a limiting pull rod is hinged to the connecting cross rod, the other end of the limiting pull rod is hinged to the U-shaped connecting rod, the lower end of a soil cutting disc support is hinged to a soil cutting disc, the upper end of the soil cutting disc support is sleeved and installed with the U-shaped connecting rod, hydraulic cylinder supporting shafts are welded and installed on the rear portion of the front end support arms, one end of a lifting hydraulic cylinder and one end of a lifting hydraulic cylinder and two hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the supporting shaft, and hinged to the frame, and linked with a hydraulic system assembly.

Preferably, the excavating and lifting device further comprises an angle adjusting support, a plurality of bionic excavating shovels are mounted at the front part of the angle adjusting support, the middle part of the angle adjusting support is hinged to a hanging plate, one end of an adjusting bolt is hinged to the rear part of the angle adjusting support, the other end of the adjusting bolt is hinged to the lower end of the front part of the front end support, a plurality of lifting chain supporting wheels are mounted on the front end support and the rear end support), a lifting chain driving shaft is mounted on the rear end support and matched with the lifting chain driving shaft, the lifting chain is mounted around all the lifting chain supporting wheels, the lifting chain driving wheel and the lifting chain driving shaft, a plurality of scraping plates are mounted on the lifting chain in a surrounding and welding manner, the lifting chain driving wheel is connected with the lifting hydraulic motor through a spline, the lifting hydraulic motor is mounted on the rear end support, and the lifting hydraulic motor is linked with the hydraulic system assembly.

Preferably, the separation device comprises a separation support, the lower end of the separation support is fixed with a rack, a residual membrane baffle is welded at the rear end of the separation support, a plurality of residual membrane separation screen support wheels are installed on the separation support, a residual membrane separation screen driving wheel is matched with a residual membrane separation screen driving shaft, the residual membrane separation screen driving shaft is installed on the separation support, the residual membrane separation screen is composed of a meshed rubber belt, rubber-coated bars and a rubber belt, the meshed rubber belts are arranged on two sides of the residual membrane separation screen, the rubber-coated bars are installed on the meshed rubber belts, the rubber-coated bars are installed on the rubber-coated bars, the residual membrane separation screen is installed around all the residual membrane separation screen support wheels, the residual membrane separation screen driving wheel and the residual membrane separation screen driving shaft, a plurality of potato soil separation screen support wheels are installed on the separation support, and adjustable potato soil separation screen support wheels are installed on the separation support, vibrating device installs on the separation support, potato soil separation sieve action wheel and the cooperation of potato soil separation sieve driving shaft, potato soil separation sieve driving shaft is installed on the separation support, and potato soil separation sieve encircles all potato soil separation sieve supporting wheels, adjustable potato soil separation sieve supporting wheels, potato soil separation sieve vibrating device, potato soil separation sieve action wheel and the installation of potato soil separation sieve driving shaft, drive sprocket one with the cooperation of incomplete membrane separation sieve driving shaft, drive sprocket two with the cooperation of potato soil separation sieve driving shaft, drive sprocket two-way drive chain one with drive sprocket one linkage, incomplete membrane separation sieve driving shaft passes through the spline and is connected with separation hydraulic motor, the tooth meshing on meshing rubber belt and the incomplete membrane separation sieve action wheel, separation hydraulic motor installs on the separation support, separation hydraulic motor and hydraulic system assembly linkage.

Preferably, the separating device further comprises an inclined conveying rotating roller, two ends of the inclined conveying rotating roller are matched with the inclined conveying bearing blocks, the inclined conveying bearing blocks are installed on the separating support, the inclined conveying rotating roller is connected with a rotating roller motor through a universal transmission device, the rotating roller motor is installed on a rotating roller motor base, the rotating roller motor base is installed on a platform, and the rotating roller motor is linked with the electric cabinet.

Preferably, the inclined conveying device comprises an inclined conveying device support, the inclined conveying device support is fixed to the rack, a plurality of conveying screen supporting wheels are installed on the inclined conveying device support, a conveying screen driving wheel is matched with a conveying screen driving shaft, the conveying screen driving shaft is installed on the inclined conveying device support, the conveying screen is installed around all the conveying chain supporting wheels, the conveying chain driving wheel and the conveying chain driving shaft, a plurality of conveying scraping plates are installed on the conveying screen in a surrounding mode in a welding mode, the conveying chain driving shaft is connected with a conveying hydraulic motor through splines, the conveying hydraulic motor is installed on the inclined conveying device support, and the conveying hydraulic motor is linked with a hydraulic system assembly.

Preferably, the manual sorting table comprises a manual sorting table support, the bottom of the manual sorting table support is fixedly arranged on the rack, a potato slide plate is welded on the manual sorting table support and matched with the inclined conveying device support, a plurality of conveying chain secondary supporting wheels are arranged on the manual sorting table support, a conveying chain secondary driving wheel is matched with a conveying chain secondary driving shaft, the conveying chain secondary driving shaft is arranged on the manual sorting table support, the conveying chain is arranged around all the conveying chain secondary supporting wheels, the conveying chain secondary driving wheel and the conveying chain secondary driving shaft in a double-ring mode, the conveying chain secondary driving shaft is connected and arranged with the sorting table hydraulic motor secondary through a spline, the sorting table hydraulic motor secondary is arranged on the manual sorting table support, a plurality of conveying chain supporting wheels are arranged on the manual sorting table support, and a conveying chain primary driving wheel is matched with the conveying chain primary driving shaft, the first conveying chain driving shaft is installed on a manual sorting table support, the first conveying chain is installed around all conveying chain supporting wheels, a first conveying chain driving wheel and a first conveying chain driving shaft, the first conveying chain driving shaft passes through a first sorting table hydraulic motor, the first sorting table hydraulic motor is installed on the manual sorting table support, a plurality of soil block separating rotating rollers are installed on the manual sorting table support, the soil block separating rotating rollers are located between the rear end of the first conveying chain and the front end of the second conveying chain, a plurality of idler sprockets are installed on the manual sorting table support, a third driving sprocket is matched with the soil block separating rotating rollers, a fourth driving sprocket is matched with the first conveying chain supporting wheel, a second driving chain is installed around the third driving sprocket, the idler sprockets and the fourth driving sprocket, and the third driving sprocket is linked with the fourth driving sprocket through the second driving chain, and the first sorting platform hydraulic motor and the second sorting platform hydraulic motor are linked with the hydraulic system assembly.

Preferably, the loading and unloading device comprises a loading and unloading support, the loading and unloading support is fixedly arranged on the rack, a loading and unloading hydraulic rod is matched with a loading and unloading hydraulic rod cylinder, the loading and unloading hydraulic rod cylinder is fixedly arranged on the loading and unloading support, bearings are arranged on two sides of the loading and unloading hydraulic rod, pulleys are arranged on a ton bag mounting arm support and are matched with sliding rails on two sides of the loading and unloading support, one end of a chain is connected with the loading and unloading support, the other end of the chain is connected with the ton bag mounting arm support and is mounted around the bearings, the ton bag mounting arm is matched with the ton bag mounting arm support, a first connecting rod is fixed with the loading and unloading support, a notch in the upper end of the first connecting rod is matched with a cylindrical pin in the rear end of the ton bag mounting arm, a cylindrical pin in the upper end of a second connecting rod is matched with a notch in the front end of the ton bag mounting arm, the cylindrical pins in the lower ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with holes in the rear end and the front end of a rotating roller support, a plurality of ton bag loading and unloading rotating rollers are arranged on the rotating roller support, and the loading and unloading hydraulic rod is linked with the hydraulic system assembly.

Preferably, the driving device is a driving device of a crawler-type self-propelled chassis.

Compared with the prior art, the potato harvesting machine provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention adopts self-powered power, realizes multifunction of integrating potato digging, potato-soil-film separation and potato bagging and collecting, and solves the defect that the prior potato harvester needs a tractor for traction and only digs but does not collect potatoes.

The soil-potato mixture and the mulching film which are conveyed by the excavating and lifting device are separated by the aid of the large sieve holes in the residual film separating sieve, potatoes are conveyed to the inclined conveying device on the side edge of the separating device through the inclined conveying roller and are conveyed upwards to the manual sorting table, the soil block separating roller further separates the soil blocks from the potatoes, the potatoes are further conveyed backwards after the unscreened soil blocks are manually sorted, and finally fall into the ton bags arranged on the loading and unloading device, when the ton bags are full, the oil pressure of a hydraulic cylinder of the loading and unloading device is reduced, the height of the ton bag mounting arm is reduced, and the roller support is driven to incline through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod which are matched with the ton bags, so that the ton bags are conveniently unloaded.

The potato harvester disclosed by the invention is smaller in size, simple in grading structure, convenient and flexible, and suitable for operation on small plots planted with potatoes in northwest, so that the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the pressure in potato harvesting seasons is effectively relieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the right view structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a partial drive of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present excavation and lifting apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a potato-soil-membrane separation device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the inclined conveyor of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the manual sorting table of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a ton bag unloading device according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a second schematic view of the ton bag unloading device of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. excavating and lifting the device; 1-1, profiling soil crushing rollers; 1-2, connecting plates; 1-3, connecting a cross bar; 1-4, a U-shaped connecting rod; 1-5, ear plates; 1-6, a limit pull rod; 1-7, an elevating chain supporting wheel; 1-8, lifting a first hydraulic cylinder; 1-9, an elevating chain driving wheel; 1-10, lifting a driving shaft of a conveying chain; 1-11, lifting a hydraulic motor; 1-12, a rear end bracket; 1-13, an elevator chain; 1-14, a scraper; 1-15, lifting a hydraulic cylinder II; 1-16, a front end support arm; 1-17, supporting a shaft by a hydraulic cylinder; 1-18, front end bracket; 1-19, adjusting screw; 1-20, angle adjusting bracket; 1-21, hanging plates; 1-22, a soil cutting disc support; 1-23, cutting a soil disc; 1-24, a bionic digging shovel; 2. an oil tank; 3. manually selecting a sorting table; 3-1, selecting a first hydraulic motor of the sorting platform; 3-2, a driving wheel of the conveying chain; 3-3, a driving shaft of the conveying chain; 3-4, conveying chain I; 3-5, a supporting wheel of the conveying chain; 3-6, selecting a second hydraulic motor of the sorting platform; 3-7, separating soil blocks and rotating rollers; 3-8, a second driving wheel of the conveying chain; 3-9, potato slide plate; 3-10 parts of a second support wheel of the conveying chain; 3-11, a second conveying chain; 3-12, manually selecting a platform bracket; 3-13, a second driving shaft of the conveying chain; 3-14, a third transmission chain wheel; 3-15, idler sprocket; 3-16, a second transmission chain; 3-17, a driving chain wheel IV; 4. an inclined conveying device; 4-1, conveying screen supporting wheels; 4-2, conveying a sieve; 4-3, conveying scraper plates; 4-4, a driving wheel of the conveying sieve; 4-5, conveying a screen driving shaft; 4-6, a conveying hydraulic motor; 4-7, inclining the conveying device bracket; 5. a handling device; 5-1, assembling and disassembling a bracket; 5-2, loading and unloading a hydraulic cylinder; 5-3, a bearing; 5-4, loading and unloading a hydraulic rod; 5-5, loading and unloading chains; 5-6, a pulley; 5-7, installing an arm bracket on the ton bag; 5-8, a ton bag mounting arm; 5-9, a first connecting rod; 5-10 parts of a second connecting rod; 5-11, a roller bracket; 5-12, a ton bag unloading roller; 6. a separation device; 6-1, supporting wheels of the residual membrane separation sieve; 6-2, supporting wheels of the potato-soil separating screen; 6-3, a residual membrane separation sieve; 6-4, potato-soil separation sieve; 6-5, separating the bracket; 6-6, oblique conveying roller; 6-7, a potato-soil separation screen driving wheel; 6-8, driving wheel of residual membrane separation sieve; 6-9, screening a driving shaft by a residual membrane separation screen; 6-10 parts of a residual film baffle; 6-11, separating the hydraulic motor; 6-12, a first transmission chain wheel; 6-13, a first transmission chain; 6-14, a second transmission chain wheel; 6-15, potato-soil separation screen driving shaft; 6-16, oblique conveying bearing seats; 6-17, a universal transmission device; 6-18, a roller motor; 6-19, a roller motor base; 6-20, a vibration device; 6-21, adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels; 7. an engine; 8. a station; 9. a frame; 10. a crawler-type self-propelled chassis; 11. an electric cabinet; 12. a cab; 13. a hydraulic system assembly; 14. a power take-off pulley; 15. a gearbox; 16. a first belt; 17. a first bearing housing; 18. a first duplicate synchronous pulley; 19. a first shaft; 20. a second bearing housing; 21. a second belt; 22. a third bearing seat; 23. a second duplex synchronous pulley; 24. a second shaft; 25. a fourth bearing seat; 26. a third belt; 27. a fifth bearing seat; 28. a third axis; 29. a third duplex timing pulley; 30. a sixth bearing housing; 31. a coupling; 32. a fourth axis; 33. and a power input shaft of the gearbox.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-5, a potato combine harvester comprises a frame 9, a driving device of a crawler-type self-propelled chassis 10 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 9, an excavating and lifting device 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 9, a cab 12, a gearbox 15 and an electric cabinet 11 are arranged at the front part of the frame 9, a separating device 6, an inclined conveying device 4 and a manual sorting platform 3 are arranged at the middle part of the frame 9, and an oil tank 2 and a hydraulic system assembly 13 of a power system are arranged below the middle part of the frame 9. The loading and unloading device 5 and the engine 7 of the power system are arranged above the rear part of the frame 9. A separating device 6 is arranged on a machine frame behind the excavating and lifting device 1, an inclined conveying device 4 and a manual sorting platform 3 are respectively arranged on a machine frame 9 behind the excavating and lifting device 1, and the inclined conveying device 4 is positioned on the left side of the separating device 6. The manual sorting table 3 is positioned right above the separating device 6, and the loading and unloading device 5 is positioned behind the rear end of the manual sorting table 3. A platform 8 is arranged on the frame 9 behind the cab 12, and the platform 8 is positioned at the right side of the separating device 6. The engine 7 is coupled to a gearbox 15.

As shown in fig. 5, the engine power take-off pulley 14 on the engine 7 is linked with a first dual synchronous pulley 18 through a first belt 16, the first dual synchronous pulley 18 is engaged with a first shaft 19, one end of the first shaft 19 is engaged with a first bearing seat 17, the other end is engaged with a second bearing seat 20, the first bearing seat 17 is mounted on the frame 9, the second bearing seat 20 is mounted on the frame 9, and the first dual synchronous pulley 18 is located between the first bearing seat 17 and the second bearing seat 20. The second duplex synchronous pulley 23 is linked with the first duplex synchronous pulley 18 through a second belt 21, the second duplex synchronous pulley 23 is matched with a second shaft 24, one end of the second shaft 24 is matched with a third bearing seat 22, the other end of the second shaft 24 is matched with a fourth bearing seat 25, the third bearing seat 22 is installed on the rack 9, the fourth bearing seat 25 is installed on the rack 9, and the second duplex synchronous pulley 23 is located between the third bearing seat 22 and the fourth bearing seat 25. The belt wheel 29 is linked with the second duplex synchronous belt wheel 18 through the third belt 26, the belt wheel 29 is matched with the third shaft 28, one end of the third shaft 28 is matched with the fifth bearing seat 27, the other end of the third shaft 28 is matched with the coupler 31, the fifth bearing seat 27 is installed on the machine frame 9, the sixth bearing seat 30 is matched with the third shaft 28, the sixth bearing seat 30 is installed on the machine frame 9 and located between the fifth bearing seat 27 and the coupler 31, and the belt wheel 29 is located between the fifth bearing seat 27 and the sixth bearing seat 30. One end of the fourth shaft 32 is matched with the coupler 31, the other end of the fourth shaft is matched and linked with the power input shaft 33 of the gearbox, and the fourth shaft 32 is linked with the third shaft 28 through the coupler 31.

As shown in figure 6, the excavating and lifting device 1 comprises a profiling soil crushing roller 1-1, a connecting plate 1-2, a connecting cross rod 1-3, a U-shaped connecting rod 1-4, an ear plate 1-5, a limiting pull rod 1-6, a lifting chain supporting wheel 1-7, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 1-8, a lifting chain driving wheel 1-9, a lifting chain driving shaft 1-10, a lifting hydraulic motor 1-11, a rear end support 1-12, a lifting chain 1-13, a scraping plate 1-14, a lifting hydraulic cylinder II 1-15, a front end supporting arm 1-16, a hydraulic cylinder supporting shaft 1-17, a front end support 1-18, an adjusting screw rod 1-19, an angle adjusting support 1-20, a hanging plate 1-21, a soil cutting disc support 1-22, a soil cutting disc 1-23 and an excavating shovel 1-24. The rear support 1-12 of the excavating and lifting device is fixed on the frame 9, the two sides of the front support 1-18 are welded with the front support arms 1-16, and the front support 1-18 is hinged with the frame 9 through the rear ends of the front support arms 1-16. The front parts of the front end brackets 1-18 are welded with U-shaped connecting rods 1-4, the upper ends of the front parts of the front end brackets 1-18 are welded with lug plates 1-5, and the lower ends of the front parts of the front end brackets 1-18 are welded with hanging plates 1-21. The connecting plate 1-2 is fixedly installed through a connecting cross rod 1-3, the front end of the connecting plate 1-2 is hinged with a rotating shaft of the profiling soil crushing roller 1-1, the rear end of the connecting plate 1-2 is hinged with an ear plate 1-5, one end of a limiting pull rod 1-6 is hinged with the connecting cross rod 1-3, and the other end of the limiting pull rod is hinged with a U-shaped connecting rod 1-4. The lower ends of the soil cutting disc supports 1-22 are hinged with the soil cutting discs 1-23, and the upper sections of the soil cutting disc supports 1-22 are sleeved with U-shaped connecting rods 1-4. The front part of the angle adjusting bracket 1-20 is provided with a plurality of bionic digging shovels 1-24, the middle part of the angle adjusting bracket 1-20 is hinged with a hanging plate 1-21, one end of an adjusting bolt 1-19 is hinged with the rear part of the angle adjusting bracket 1-20, and the other end is hinged with the lower end of the front part of the front end bracket 1-18. A plurality of lifting chain supporting wheels 1-7 are arranged on a front end support 1-18 and a rear end support 1-12, a lifting chain driving shaft 1-10 is arranged on the rear end support 1-12, a lifting chain driving wheel 1-9 is matched with the lifting chain driving shaft 1-10, a lifting chain 1-13 is arranged around all the lifting chain supporting wheels 1-7, the lifting chain driving wheels 1-9 and the lifting chain driving shafts 1-10, and a plurality of scraping plates 1-14 are arranged on the lifting chain 1-13 in a surrounding welding mode according to a certain interval. Hydraulic cylinder supporting shafts 1-17 are welded and installed on the rear portions of the front end supports 1-18 and the upper portions of the front end supporting arms 1-16, one ends of lifting hydraulic cylinders 1-8 and lifting hydraulic cylinders 1-15 are hinged to the hydraulic cylinder supporting shafts 1-17, the other ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinders 1-15 are hinged to the machine frame 9, lifting chain driving wheels 1-9 are connected with lifting hydraulic motors 1-11 through splines, the lifting hydraulic motors 1-11 are installed on the rear end supports 1-12, and the lifting hydraulic motors 1-11, the lifting hydraulic cylinders 1-8 and the lifting hydraulic cylinders 1-15 are linked with a hydraulic system assembly 13.

As shown in figure 7, the separating device 6 comprises a residual membrane separating screen supporting wheel 6-1, a potato-soil separating screen supporting wheel 6-2, a residual membrane separating screen 6-3, a potato-soil separating screen 6-4, a separating bracket 6-5, an inclined conveying rotating roller 6-6, a potato-soil separating screen driving wheel 6-7, a residual membrane separating screen driving wheel 6-8, a residual membrane separating screen driving shaft 6-9, a residual membrane baffle 6-10, a separating hydraulic motor 6-11, a transmission chain wheel I6-12, a transmission loading and unloading chain I6-13, a transmission chain wheel II 6-14, a potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15, a conveying inclined shaft bearing seat 6-16, a universal transmission device 6-17, a rotating roller motor 6-18, a rotating roller motor base 6-19, a vibrating device 6-20 and an adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheel 6-21, the lower end of a separation bracket 6-5 is fixed with a frame 9, a residual film baffle 6-10 is welded and installed at the rear end of the separation bracket 6-5, a plurality of residual film separation screen supporting wheels 6-1 are installed on the separation bracket 6-5, a residual film separation screen driving wheel 6-8 is matched with a residual film separation screen driving shaft 6-9, the residual film separation screen driving shaft 6-9 is installed on the separation bracket 6-5, a residual film separation screen 6-3 is composed of a rubber belt 6-24, rubber belt bars 6-22 and rubber belts 6-23, the rubber belt 6-24 is arranged at two sides of the residual film separation screen, a plurality of rubber belt bars 6-22 are installed on the rubber belt 6-24, a plurality of rubber belt bars 6-23 are installed on the rubber belt bars 6-22, the residual membrane separation sieve 6-3 is arranged around all the residual membrane separation sieve supporting wheels 6-1, the residual membrane separation sieve driving wheel 6-8 and the residual membrane separation sieve driving shaft 6-9. A plurality of potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels 6-2 are arranged on a separating bracket 6-5, adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels 6-21 are arranged on the separating bracket 6-5, a vibrating device 6-20 is arranged on the separating bracket 6-5, a potato-soil separating screen driving wheel 6-7 is matched with a potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15, the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15 is arranged on the separating bracket 6-5, a potato-soil separating screen 6-4 surrounds all the potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels 6-2, the adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels 6-21, the vibrating device 6-20, the potato-soil separating screen driving wheel 6-7 and the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15. The first transmission chain wheel 6-12 is matched with a driving shaft 6-9 of the residual film separating screen, the second transmission chain wheel 6-14 is matched with a driving shaft 6-15 of the potato-soil separating screen, the second transmission chain wheel 6-14 is linked with the first transmission chain wheel 6-12 through the first transmission loading and unloading chain 6-13, the driving shaft 6-9 of the residual film separating screen is connected with a separating hydraulic motor 6-11 through a spline, a meshing rubber belt 6-24 is meshed with teeth on a driving wheel 6-8 of the residual film separating screen, the separating hydraulic motor 6-11 is installed on a separating support 6-5, and the separating hydraulic motor 6-11 is linked with a hydraulic system assembly 13. Two ends of an oblique conveying rotating roller 6-6 are matched with oblique conveying bearing seats 6-16, the oblique conveying bearing seats 6-16 are installed on a separation support 6-5, the oblique conveying rotating roller 6-6 is connected with a rotating roller motor 6-18 through a universal transmission device 6-17, the rotating roller motor 6-18 is installed on a rotating roller motor base 6-19, the rotating roller motor base 6-19 is installed on a platform 9, and the rotating roller motor 6-18 is linked with an electric cabinet 11.

As shown in FIG. 8, the inclined conveying device 4 comprises a conveying screen supporting wheel 4-1, a conveying screen 4-2, a conveying scraping plate 4-3, a conveying screen driving wheel 4-4, a conveying screen driving shaft 4-5, a conveying hydraulic motor 4-6 and an inclined conveying device support 4-7. The inclined conveyor supports 4-7 are fixed to the frame 9. The conveying screen support wheels 4-1 are mounted on the inclined conveying device support 4-7, the conveying screen drive wheels 4-4 are matched with the conveying screen drive shafts 4-5, the conveying screen drive shafts 4-5 are mounted on the inclined conveying device support 4-7, the conveying screen 4-2 is mounted around all the conveying chain support wheels 4-1, the conveying chain drive wheels 4-4 and the conveying chain drive shafts 4-5, and the conveying scrapers 4-3 are welded on the conveying screen 4-2 in a surrounding mode at certain intervals. The driving shaft 4-5 of the conveying chain is connected with a conveying hydraulic motor 4-6 through a spline, the conveying hydraulic motor 4-6 is installed on a support 4-7 of the inclined conveying device, and the conveying hydraulic motor 4-6 is linked with a hydraulic system assembly 13.

As shown in figure 9, the manual sorting table 3 comprises a first sorting table hydraulic motor 3-1, a first conveying chain driving wheel 3-2, a first conveying chain driving shaft 3-3, a first conveying chain 3-4, a first conveying chain supporting wheel 3-5, a second sorting table hydraulic motor 3-6, a soil block separating roller 3-7, a second conveying chain driving wheel 3-8, a potato sliding plate 3-9, a second conveying chain supporting wheel 3-10, a second conveying chain 3-11, a manual sorting table bracket 3-12, a second conveying chain driving shaft 3-13, a third transmission chain wheel 3-14, an idler wheel chain wheel 3-15, a second transmission loading and unloading chain 3-16 and a fourth transmission chain wheel 3-17. The bottoms of the manual sorting table brackets 3 to 12 are fixedly arranged on the frame 9. The potato sliding plates 3-9 are welded on the manual sorting platform bracket 3-12, and the potato sliding plates 3-9 are matched with the inclined conveying device bracket. The second support wheels 3-10 of the conveying chains are mounted on a support 3-12 of the manual sorting table, the second driving wheels 3-8 of the conveying chains are matched with the second driving shafts 3-13 of the conveying chains, the second driving shafts 3-13 of the conveying chains are mounted on the support 3-12 of the manual sorting table, the second conveying chains 3-11 are mounted around all the second support wheels 3-10 of the conveying chains, the second driving wheels 3-8 of the conveying chains and the second driving shafts 3-13 of the conveying chains, the second driving shafts 3-13 of the conveying chains are mounted with the second hydraulic motors 3-6 of the sorting table through splines, and the second hydraulic motors 3-6 of the sorting table are mounted on the support 3-12 of the manual sorting table. A plurality of conveying chain one supporting wheels 3-5 are installed on a manual sorting platform support 3-12, a conveying chain one driving wheel 3-2 is matched with a conveying chain one driving shaft 3-3, the conveying chain one driving shaft 3-3 is installed on the manual sorting platform support 3-12, a conveying chain one 3-4 is installed around all the conveying chain one supporting wheels 3-5, the conveying chain one driving wheel 3-2 and the conveying chain one driving shaft 3-3, the conveying chain one driving shaft 3-3 is installed with a sorting platform hydraulic motor one 3-1 through splines, and the sorting platform hydraulic motor one 3-1 is installed on the manual sorting platform support 3-12. The soil block separating and rotating rollers 3-7 are arranged on a manual sorting table bracket 3-12, the soil block separating and rotating rollers 3-7 are positioned between the rear end of a first conveying chain 3-4 and the front end of a second conveying chain 3-11, a plurality of idler sprockets 3-15 are arranged on the manual sorting table bracket 3-12, a third transmission sprocket 3-14 is matched with the soil block separating and rotating rollers 3-7, a fourth transmission sprocket 3-17 is matched with a supporting wheel 3-5 of the conveying chain, a second transmission loading and unloading chain 3-16 surrounds all the third transmission sprockets 3-14, the idler sprockets 3-15 and the fourth transmission sprocket 3-17, the third transmission sprocket 3-14 is linked with the fourth transmission sprocket 3-17 through the second transmission loading and unloading chain 3-16, and the first sorting table hydraulic motor 3-1 and the second sorting table hydraulic motor 3-6 are linked with a hydraulic system assembly 13.

As shown in fig. 10-11, the handling device 5 comprises a handling support 5-1, a handling hydraulic cylinder 5-2, a bearing 5-3, a handling device hydraulic rod 5-4, a handling chain 5-5, a pulley 5-6, a ton bag mounting arm support 5-7, a ton bag mounting arm 5-8, a connecting rod I5-9, a connecting rod II 5-10, a rotating roller support 5-11 and a ton bag unloading rotating roller 5-12. The loading and unloading support 5-1 is fixedly arranged on the rack 9, the hydraulic rod 5-4 of the loading and unloading device is matched with the loading and unloading hydraulic cylinder 5-2, and the loading and unloading hydraulic cylinder 5-2 is fixedly arranged on the loading and unloading support 5-1. The bearing 5-3 is installed on two sides of a hydraulic rod 5-4 of the handling device, the pulley 5-6 is installed on a ton bag installation arm support 5-7, the pulley 5-6 is matched with sliding rails on two sides of the handling support 5-1, one end of a handling chain 5-5 is connected with the handling support 5-1, the other end of the handling chain is connected with the ton bag installation arm support 5-7, and the handling chain is installed around the bearing 5-3. The ton bag mounting arm 5-8 is matched with the ton bag mounting arm support 5-7, the connecting rod I5-9 is fixed with the loading and unloading support 5-1, a notch at the upper end of the connecting rod I5-9 is matched with a cylindrical pin at the rear end of the ton bag mounting arm 5-8, a cylindrical pin at the upper end of the connecting rod II 5-10 is matched with a notch at the front end of the ton bag mounting arm 5-8, the connecting rod I5-9 and the cylindrical pin at the lower end of the connecting rod II 5-10 are respectively hinged with holes at the rear end and the front end of the rotating roller support 5-11, and the ton bag unloading rotating rollers 5-12 are mounted on the rotating roller support 5-11. The loading and unloading hydraulic cylinder 5-2 is linked with a hydraulic system assembly 13.

The bionic digging shovel 1-24 shovels the soil-potato mixture and the mulching film onto the lifting chain 1-13, the lifting chain 1-13 and the scraper blade 1-14 convey the soil-potato mixture and the mulching film backwards onto the residual film separation sieve 6-3, the soil-potato mixture falls onto the potato-soil separation sieve 6-4 located right below the residual film separation sieve 6-3 from the gap of the residual film separation sieve 6-3 under the action of gravity, the potatoes are conveyed onto the conveying sieve 4-2 through the inclined conveying rotating roller 6-6, the conveying sieve 4-2 and the conveying scraper blade 4-3 obliquely lift and convey the potatoes onto the conveying chain II 3-11, and the potatoes are conveyed backwards into the ton bag mounted on the ton bag mounting arm 5-8 through the conveying chain II 3-11, the soil block separation rotating roller 3-7 and the conveying chain I3-4; and the mulching film is light and is conveyed to the field through the residual film separating screen 6-3.

The whole working process is as follows: when the machine tool moves forwards, the profiling soil crushing roller 1-1 presses on a ridge, the advancing direction and the digging depth of the machine tool are controlled, the soil cutting disc 1-23 cuts the cirrus and soil blocks of the potatoes, the bionic digging shovel 1-24 goes deep into the ground to shovel the potatoes and the mulching film, the power output by the lifting hydraulic motor 1-11 is transmitted to the lifting chain driving shaft 1-10, the lifting chain driving shaft 1-10 drives the lifting chain driving wheel 1-9 to move, the lifting screen driving wheel 1-9 drives the lifting chain 1-13 to move, the lifting chain 1-13 and the scraping plate 1-14 transmit the soil and potato mixture and the mulching film to the separating device 6, the power output by the separating hydraulic motor 6-11 is transmitted to the residual film separating screen driving shaft 6-9, the residual film separating screen driving shaft 6-9 drives the residual film separating screen driving wheel 6-8 and the transmission chain wheel 6-12 to move, the residual film separating screen driving wheel 6-8 drives the residual film separating screen 6-1 to move, the transmission chain wheel 6-12 drives the transmission chain wheel 6-14 to move through the transmission loading and unloading chain wheel 6-13, the transmission chain wheel 6-14 drives the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15 to move, the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft 6-15 drives the potato-soil separating screen driving wheel 6-7 to move, the potato-soil separating screen driving wheel 6-7 drives the potato-soil separating screen 6-4 to move, the power output by the roller motor 6-18 is transmitted to the universal transmission device 6-17, the universal transmission device 6-17 drives the inclined transmission roller 6-6 to rotate, the residual film separating screen 6-1 conveys the mulching film backwards, the potatoes are screened to the ground, the soil-potato mixture falls onto a potato-soil separating screen 6-4 through large screen holes of a residual membrane separating screen 6-1, the potatoes are separated from soil blocks by a vibrating device 6-20, the potatoes are conveyed backwards by the potato-soil separating screen 6-4, the potatoes are conveyed onto an inclined conveying device 4 by an inclined conveying roller 6-6, the power output by a conveying hydraulic motor 4-6 is transmitted to a conveying screen driving shaft 4-5, the conveying screen driving shaft 4-5 drives a conveying screen driving wheel 4-4 to move, a conveying screen 4-2 driven by the conveying screen driving wheel 4-4 moves, the potatoes are conveyed upwards by a conveying screen 4-2 and a conveying scraper 4-3 and slide down to a manual sorting table 3 through a potato slide plate 3-9, the power output by the first sorting table hydraulic motor 3-1 is transmitted to a first driving shaft 3-3 of the conveying chain, the first driving shaft 3-3 of the conveying chain drives a first driving wheel 3-2 of the conveying chain to move, the first driving wheel 3-2 of the conveying chain drives a first conveying chain 3-4 to move, the first conveying chain 3-4 drives a first supporting wheel 3-5 of the conveying chain to move, the first supporting wheel 3-5 of the conveying chain drives a fourth driving chain wheel 3-17 to move, the fourth driving chain wheel 3-17 drives a third driving chain wheel 3-14 to move through a second driving loading and unloading chain 3-16, the third driving chain wheel 3-14 drives a third soil block separating roller 3-7 to move, the power output by the second sorting table hydraulic motor 3-6 is transmitted to a second driving shaft 3-13 of the conveying chain, and the second driving shaft 3-13 of the conveying chain drives a second driving wheel 3-8 of the conveying chain to move, and a driving wheel 3-8 of the second conveying chain drives the second conveying chain 3-11 to move, the second conveying chain 3-11 conveys the potatoes to a soil block separation roller 3-7 to further separate the soil blocks from the potatoes, and after the un-screened soil blocks are manually sorted, the first conveying chain 3-4 conveys the potatoes to the rear continuously and falls into a ton bag arranged on the loading and unloading device 5. When the ton bag is full, the hydraulic system assembly 13 reduces the oil pressure in the loading and unloading hydraulic cylinder 5-2, so that the loading and unloading device hydraulic rod 5-4 descends, the loading and unloading device hydraulic rod 5-4 descends to drive the ton bag mounting arm 5-8 to descend, the rotating roller bracket 5-11 is driven to incline through the connecting rod I5-9 and the connecting rod II 5-10 matched with the ton bag mounting arm 5-8, the full ton bag is taken down from the ton bag mounting arm 5-8, and the ton bag unloading rotating roller 5-12 mounted on the rotating roller bracket 5-11 rotates, so that the ton bag can be conveniently unloaded and slide to the field. And (3) replacing a new ton bag, increasing the oil pressure in the loading and unloading hydraulic cylinder 5-2 by the hydraulic system assembly 13, lifting the loading and unloading device hydraulic rod 5-4, driving the ton bag mounting arm 5-8 to be lifted by the loading and unloading device hydraulic rod 5-4, driving the roller bracket 5-11 to be restored to the loading and unloading platform by the connecting rod one 5-9 and the connecting rod two 5-10 which are matched with the ton bag mounting arm, and lifting the ton bag to the working height. When the machine is not in operation, the hydraulic system assembly 13 increases the oil pressure in the first lifting hydraulic cylinder 1-8 and the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 1-15, so that the front end support 1-18 of the excavating and lifting device 1 is lifted, the length of the machine is reduced, and the trafficability of the machine is improved.

Claims (9)

1. A potato harvesting operation machine, includes frame (9) and drive arrangement, set up driving system, hydraulic system assembly (13) and driver's cabin (12) on frame (9), its characterized in that: frame (9) front end is equipped with excavates elevating gear (1), frame (9) front portion is equipped with driver's cabin (12), gearbox (15) and electric cabinet (11), frame (9) middle part below is equipped with power system's oil tank (2) and hydraulic system assembly (13), frame (9) rear portion top is equipped with handling device (5) and power system's engine (7), install separator (6) on frame (9) at excavation elevating gear (1) rear, install slope conveyor (4) and manual sorting platform (3) respectively in frame (9) middle part and the top at excavation elevating gear (1) rear, slope conveyor (4) are located separator (6) left side, manual sorting platform (3) are located directly over separator (6), handling device (5) are located manual sorting platform (3) rear end rear, set up on frame (9) at driver's cabin (12) rear platform (8), platform (8) are located separator (6) right side, engine (7) linkage.

2. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the excavating and lifting device (1) comprises rear end supports (1-12) and front end supports (1-18), the rear end supports (1-12) are fixed on a rack (9), front end supporting arms (1-16) are welded and installed on two sides of the front end supports (1-18), the front end supports (1-18) are hinged with the rack (9) through the rear ends of the front end supporting arms (1-16), U-shaped connecting rods (1-4) are welded and installed on the front portions of the front end supports (1-18), lug plates (1-5) are welded and installed on the upper ends of the front portions of the front end supports (1-18), hanging plates (1-21) are welded and installed on the lower ends of the front portions of the front end supports (1-18), connecting plates (1-2) are fixedly connected with cross rods (1-3), the front ends of the connecting plates (1-2) are hinged with a rotating shaft of a profiling soil crushing roller (1-1), the rear ends of the connecting plates (1-2) are hinged with the lug plates (1-5), one ends of limiting pull rods (1-6) are connected with the cross rods (1-3), one ends of discs are hinged with the U-1-4), the other ends of the U-shaped disc supports (1-4) are hinged with soil cutting disc supports (22), the hydraulic cylinder supporting shafts (1-17) are welded and installed on the rear portions of the front end supports (1-18) and the upper portions of the front end supporting arms (1-16), one ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinders I (1-8) and the lifting hydraulic cylinders II (1-15) are hinged to the hydraulic cylinder supporting shafts (1-17), the other ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinders I (1-8) and the lifting hydraulic cylinders II (1-15) are hinged to the rack (9), and the lifting hydraulic cylinders I (1-8) and the lifting hydraulic cylinders II (1-15) are linked with the hydraulic system assembly (13).

3. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein: the excavating and lifting device (1) also comprises an angle adjusting bracket (1-20), a plurality of bionic excavating shovels (1-24) are arranged at the front part of the angle adjusting bracket (1-20), the middle part of the angle adjusting bracket (1-20) is hinged with the hanging plate (1-21), one end of an adjusting bolt (1-19) is hinged with the rear part of the angle adjusting bracket (1-20), the other end is hinged with the lower end of the front part of the front end bracket (1-18), a plurality of lifting chain supporting wheels (1-7) are arranged on the front end supports (1-18) and the rear end supports (1-12), lifting chain driving shafts (1-10) are arranged on the rear end supports (1-12), lifting chain driving wheels (1-9) are matched with the lifting chain driving shafts (1-10), lifting chains (1-13) are arranged around all the lifting chain supporting wheels (1-7), the lifting chain driving wheels (1-9) and the lifting chain driving shafts (1-10), a plurality of scraping plates (1-14) are arranged on the lifting chains (1-13) in a surrounding welding manner, the lifting chain driving wheel (1-9) is connected with a lifting hydraulic motor (1-11) through a spline, the lifting hydraulic motor (1-11) is arranged on the rear end bracket (1-12), the lifting hydraulic motors (1-11) are linked with a hydraulic system assembly (13).

4. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein: the separation device (6) comprises a separation support (6-5), the lower end of the separation support (6-5) is fixed with a rack (9), a residual film baffle (6-10) is welded and installed at the rear end of the separation support (6-5), a plurality of residual film separation sieve supporting wheels (6-1) are installed on the separation support (6-5), a residual film separation sieve driving wheel (6-8) is matched with a residual film separation sieve driving shaft (6-9), the residual film separation sieve driving shaft (6-9) is installed on the separation support (6-5), a residual film separation sieve (6-3) is composed of meshing rubber belts (6-24), rubber-coated rod strips (6-22) and rubber belts (6-23), the meshing rubber belts (6-24) are arranged on two sides of the residual film separation sieve (6-3), a plurality of rubber-coated rod strips (6-22) are installed on the meshing rubber belts (6-24), a plurality of rubber-coated rod strips (6-23) are installed on the rod strips (6-22), the rubber-belt separation sieve (6-3) surrounds all the residual film separation sieve supporting wheels (6-1) and the residual film separation sieve supporting wheels (6-8), and a plurality of residual film separation sieve driving wheels (6-8) are installed on the residual film separation sieve driving wheel (6-5), adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels (6-21) are arranged on a separating bracket (6-5), a vibrating device (6-20) is arranged on the separating bracket (6-5), a potato-soil separating screen driving wheel (6-7) is matched with a potato-soil separating screen driving shaft (6-15), the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft (6-15) is arranged on the separating bracket (6-5), a potato-soil separating screen (6-4) is arranged around all the potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels (6-2), the adjustable potato-soil separating screen supporting wheels (6-21), the potato-soil separating screen vibrating device (6-20), the potato-soil separating screen driving wheel (6-7) and the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft (6-15), a transmission chain wheel I (6-12) is matched with a residual membrane separating screen driving shaft (6-9), a spline transmission chain wheel II (6-14) is matched with the potato-soil separating screen driving shaft (6-15), the transmission chain wheel II (6-14) is linked with the residual membrane separating screen driving shaft (6-9) through a transmission chain (6-14) and is meshed with a residual membrane separating screen driving wheel (6-9) through a rubber belt (24-8), the separating hydraulic motors (6-11) are mounted on the separating supports (6-5), and the separating hydraulic motors (6-11) are linked with the hydraulic system assembly (13).

5. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 4, wherein: the separating device (6) further comprises an oblique conveying rotating roller (6-6), two ends of the oblique conveying rotating roller (6-6) are matched with oblique conveying bearing seats (6-16), the oblique conveying bearing seats (6-16) are installed on the separating support (6-5), the oblique conveying rotating roller (6-6) is connected with a rotating roller motor (6-18) through a universal transmission device (6-17), the rotating roller motor (6-18) is installed on a rotating roller motor base (6-19), the rotating roller motor base (6-19) is installed on a platform (9), and the rotating roller motor (6-18) is linked with the electric cabinet (11).

6. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 5, wherein: the inclined conveying device (4) comprises an inclined conveying device support (4-7), the inclined conveying device support (4-7) is fixed with a rack (9), a plurality of conveying screen supporting wheels (4-1) are installed on the inclined conveying device support (4-7), a conveying screen driving wheel (4-4) is matched with a conveying screen driving shaft (4-5), the conveying screen driving shaft (4-5) is installed on the inclined conveying device support (4-7), the conveying screen (4-2) is installed around all the conveying chain supporting wheels (4-1), the conveying chain driving wheel (4-4) and the conveying chain driving shaft (4-5), a plurality of conveying scraping plates (4-3) are installed on the conveying screen (4-2) in a surrounding and welding mode, the conveying chain driving shaft (4-5) is connected with a conveying hydraulic motor (4-6) through splines, the conveying hydraulic motor (4-6) is installed on the inclined conveying device support (4-7), and the conveying hydraulic motor (4-6) is linked with a hydraulic system (13).

7. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 6, wherein: the manual sorting table (3) comprises manual sorting table supports (3-12), the bottoms of the manual sorting table supports (3-12) are fixedly installed on a rack (9), potato sliding plates (3-9) are welded on the manual sorting table supports (3-12), the potato sliding plates (3-9) are matched with inclined conveying device supports (4-7), a plurality of conveying chain secondary supporting wheels (3-10) are installed on the manual sorting table supports (3-12), conveying chain secondary driving wheels (3-8) are matched with conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-13), the conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-13) are installed on the manual sorting table supports (3-12), the conveying chain secondary driving wheels (3-11) surround all the conveying chain secondary supporting wheels (3-10), the conveying chain secondary driving wheels (3-8) and the conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-13), the conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-13) are installed on the conveying chain secondary driving wheels (3-6) and the conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-12), the conveying chain secondary driving shafts (3-13) are connected with a sorting table hydraulic motor secondary driving wheel (3-6) through the driving wheels, the conveying chain primary driving wheels (3-12), the conveying chain primary conveying chain driving shafts (3-5) are installed on the manual sorting table supports (3-12), the first conveying chain driving shaft (3-3) is installed on a manual sorting table support (3-12), the first conveying chain (3-4) is installed around all conveying chain supporting wheels (3-5), a first conveying chain driving wheel (3-2) and the first conveying chain driving shaft (3-3), the first conveying chain driving shaft (3-3) is installed through a first sorting table hydraulic motor (3-1), the first sorting table hydraulic motor (3-1) is installed on the manual sorting table support (3-12), a plurality of soil block separating rotating rollers (3-7) are installed on the manual sorting table support (3-12), the soil block separating rotating rollers (3-7) are located between the rear end of the first conveying chain (3-4) and the front end of the second conveying chain (3-11), a plurality of idle wheels (3-15) are installed on the manual sorting table support (3-12), the third conveying chain wheels (3-14) are matched with the soil block separating rotating rollers (3-7), the fourth conveying chain driving wheel (3-17) is installed with the third conveying chain driving wheel (3-14), and the fourth conveying chain driving wheel (3-17) is installed through a third chain driving wheel (3-14) and a driving wheel (16), and a fourth chain driving wheel (16) and a driving wheel (3-17) (3-17), and the sorting platform hydraulic motor I (3-1) and the sorting platform hydraulic motor II (3-6) are linked with a hydraulic system assembly (13).

8. A potato harvesting machine according to claim 7, wherein: the handling device (5) comprises a handling support (5-1), the handling support (5-1) is fixedly arranged on a rack (9), a handling hydraulic rod (5-4) is matched with a handling hydraulic rod cylinder (5-2), the handling hydraulic rod cylinder (5-2) is fixedly arranged on the handling support (5-1), bearings (5-3) are arranged on two sides of the handling hydraulic rod (5-4), pulleys (5-6) are arranged on a ton bag mounting arm support (5-7), the pulleys (5-6) are matched with sliding rails on two sides of the handling support (5-1), one end of a chain (5-5) is connected with the handling support (5-1), the other end of the chain is connected with a ton bag mounting arm support (5-7), the chain is arranged around the bearings (5-3), the ton bag mounting arm (5-8) is matched with the ton bag mounting arm support (5-7), a first connecting rod (5-9) is fixed with the handling support (5-1), a first connecting rod (5-9) is matched with a rear end of a ton bag mounting arm support (5-8) at the upper end of a ton bag mounting groove opening, a second connecting rod (5-10) is matched with a cylindrical pin (5-10) at the upper end of a cylindrical arm support (5-10), and a cylindrical arm (5-10) is arranged on a cylindrical arm (5-1) Holes at the rear end and the front end are hinged, a plurality of ton bag unloading rotary rollers (5-12) are mounted on the rotary roller supports (5-11), and the loading and unloading hydraulic rod cylinders (5-2) are linked with a hydraulic system assembly (13).

9. A potato combine harvester according to claim 8, wherein: the driving device is a driving device of a crawler-type self-propelled chassis (10).

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