CN113517138B - Method for reducing working internal pressure of aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using hydrogen storage alloy - Google Patents
Method for reducing working internal pressure of aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using hydrogen storage alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using hydrogen storage alloy comprises the steps of sequentially stacking electrolytic paper, a cathode sheet, a hydrogen storage alloy sheet, the electrolytic paper and an anode sheet from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The invention uses hydrogen storage alloy, can avoid the corrosion of the hydrogen absorbing agent to the electrode leading-out strip, and the hydrogen absorbing amount per gram is improved by 1000 times, thereby greatly increasing the service life which is more than 2 times of the original service life; the boosting capacity and the oxidation efficiency of the electrolyte can be improved, the repair of an anodic oxide film of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is facilitated, and the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be improved, so that the frequency characteristic is improved, and the loss and the leakage current are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and particularly relates to a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using a hydrogen storage alloy.
Background
As the working electrolyte of the actual cathode of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the performance directly influences the service temperature range and service life of the capacitor and the reliability of the capacitor. Nowadays, electrolytic capacitors are developed towards high quality and long life, and the requirements of different working environments on working electrolytes are higher and higher.
During the operation of the capacitor, the failure mode is mainly represented in three aspects: (1) the capacitor core dries up, which is characterized in that the electric performance is that the negative capacitance exceeds the standard and the loss angle tangent value exceeds the standard; (2) the internal pressure of the capacitor is overlarge, and the explosion-proof valve is opened; (3) the corrosion of the electrode lead-out strip of the capacitor causes the capacitor to open. The three failure modes are respectively shown in different series of capacitors, and the second failure mode is mainly used for miniaturized high-voltage capacitors. While the internal pressure of the capacitor is mainly derived from the hydrogen generated by the operation. Therefore, the hydrogen absorption capacity of the working electrolyte is particularly important.
In order to reduce the internal pressure, a hydrogen absorbing agent such as: one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol, but the hydrogen absorbing agent has low hydrogen absorbing efficiency, small hydrogen absorbing amount, toxicity, environmental pollution, reduction of flash fire voltage and conductivity of electrolyte, corrosion of an electrode lead-out strip to cause open circuit and the like, and has some negative effects on a capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using a hydrogen storage alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using hydrogen storage alloy comprises the steps of sequentially stacking electrolytic paper, a cathode sheet, a hydrogen storage alloy sheet, electrolytic paper and an anode sheet from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
The invention is further improved in that the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is a hydrogen storage alloy material containing no hydrogen.
The further improvement of the invention is that the electrolyte comprises 6 to 20 percent of solute, 70 to 90 percent of solvent and 0.3 to 15 percent of additive by mass percent.
In a further refinement of the invention, the solute is one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and ammonium dodecanedioate.
In a further improvement of the invention, the solvent is one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone.
The invention has the further improvement that the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.1-9%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 0.1-9%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.1-9%.
The invention is further improved in that the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the flash voltage booster is one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is one or more of boron oxide, ammonium maleate, sorbitol and ethylene glycol.
The present invention is further improved in that the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet has a thickness of 0.04mm or less.
The further improvement of the invention is that the width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 2 percent of that of the cathode sheet.
The invention is further improved in that the hydrogen storage alloy is LaNi 5 、LaNi 5-x A x ，MmNi 5 、TiNi、Ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 One or more of (a); wherein a = Al, mn, co or Cu, x =1,2,3 or 4,mm is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the hydrogen storage alloy is added between the electrolytic paper and the cathode, compared with the traditional method adopting a hydrogen absorbing agent, the method adopts the hydrogen storage alloy, does not corrode an electrode leading-out strip, and improves the hydrogen absorbing amount per gram by 1000 times, thereby effectively reducing the internal pressure of the capacitor, greatly prolonging the service life and the reliability, wherein the service life is more than 2 times of the original service life; the invention also improves the boosting capacity and the oxidation efficiency of the electrolyte, is beneficial to the repair of the anodic oxide film of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor and improves the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, thereby improving the frequency characteristic and reducing the loss and the leakage current; the hydrogen absorption agent is not contained in the invention, so that the use of organic matters can be reduced, and the pollution to the environment can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using a hydrogen occluding alloy according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor not using a hydrogen storage alloy.
In the figure, 1 is an anode sheet, 2 is a cathode sheet, 3 is electrolytic paper, 4 is a hydrogen storage alloy sheet, 5 is an anode pin, and 6 is a cathode pin.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The electrolytic capacitor containing the hydrogen storage alloy prepared by the invention is put into a life load experiment. In the use of the electrolytic capacitor, it is generally considered that when the internal pressure is increased to 500% or more of the external air pressure, the capacitor fails, and the time taken for the internal pressure of the capacitor to rise to 500% of the external air pressure is the life of the capacitor.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for reducing the internal operating pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using a hydrogen storage alloy of the present invention comprises: sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, and then winding to form a winding core, wherein the winding core is filled with electrolyte to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
The aluminum electrolytic capacitor manufactured by the invention comprises a roll core, wherein electrolyte is filled in the roll core; the winding core comprises an anode sheet 1, a cathode sheet 2, electrolytic paper 3 and a hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4.
The electrolyte comprises 6-20% of solute, 70-90% of solvent and 0.3-15% of additive by mass percent.
The solute is one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and ammonium dodecanedioate;
the solvent is one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerol, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone;
the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the waterproof agent accounts for 0.1-9% by mass, the sparking voltage improver accounts for 0.1-9% by mass, and the performance improver accounts for 0.1-9% by mass;
the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the flash voltage booster is one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate, tartaric acid and ammonium tartrate;
the performance improver is one or more of boron oxide for preventing electrode corrosion, ammonium maleate and sorbitol for improving formation characteristics, and ethylene glycol for improving low temperature characteristics.
No hydrogen absorbing agent is added into the electrolyte;
the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is one or more net-shaped or strip-shaped hydrogen storage alloy materials without hydrogen.
The hydrogen storage alloy sheet and the cathode sheet 2 are riveted on the cathode pin 6 together, and the anode sheet 1 is riveted on the anode pin 5.
The thickness of the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet is not more than 0.04mm.
The width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 2 percent of that of the cathode sheet.
The hydrogen storage alloy is LaNi 5 、LaNi 5-x A x (A = Al, mn, co or Cu, etc., x =1,2,3,4), mmNi 5 (Mm is one or more of rare earth elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y)), tiNi, ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu、ZrMn 2 One or more of (a).
The working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is 10-1000V.
Example 1
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net-shaped LaNi alloy with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 60mm and the width of 15mm 5 . The anode adopts anode foil with withstand voltage value of 10V for low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 500 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, the electrolytic paper was manila hemp and had a thickness of 30 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of ammonium adipate, 69% of ethylene glycol, 10% of water, 2% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of ADP and 2% of diethylene glycol. Riveting a hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and a cathode sheet 2 on a cathode pin 6 together, sequentially stacking an electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and an anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, filling electrolyte into the winding core, and manufacturing the cathode sheet with the specification of 10V-220 mu F13mm 21mm as shown in the figureThe electrolytic capacitor as described in 1.
Comparative example 1
Referring to FIG. 2, the anode was an anode foil for a low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor having a withstand voltage of 10V, and the cathode was an anode foil having a specific capacitance of 500. Mu.F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) above, wherein the electrolytic paper is a manila hemp having a thickness of 30 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of ammonium adipate, 65% of ethylene glycol, 10% of water, 2% of benzoic acid, 2% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2% of ADP and 2% of diethylene glycol. And sequentially stacking the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling the winding core with electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 10V-220 muF 13mm to 21mm.
Example 2
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: laNi with a thickness of 0.04mm, a length of 4mm and a width of 10mm and a belt-shaped structure 4 And Al. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is made of a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 50 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium octanedioate 15%, ammonium maleate 7%, maleic acid 3%, water 6%, ethylene glycol 50%, γ -butyrolactone 10%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, sorbitol 2%, citric acid 0.5%, ammonium dichromate 0.5%, and mannitol 1%. And riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-10 mu F8mm 12mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 2
The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is made of high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper with thicknessIs 50 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of ammonium suberate, 7% of ammonium maleate, 3% of maleic acid, 5% of water, 50% of ethylene glycol, 10% of gamma-butyrolactone, 5% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 2% of sorbitol, 0.5% of citric acid, 0.5% of ammonium dichromate and 1% of mannitol. And sequentially stacking the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling the winding core with an electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-10 muF 8mm to 12mm. The remaining part was made into an electrolytic capacitor in the manner described in fig. 2.
Example 3
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: two strips of alloy with the thickness of 0.04mm, the length of 200mm and the width of 100mm and a strip structure are respectively made of TiNi and Mg 2 Ni. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1), wherein the electrolytic paper is a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 30 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: suberic acid 2%, suberic acid ammonium 3%, maleic acid ammonium 5%, maleic acid 2%, succinic acid 1%, succinic acid ammonium 1%, water 0.5%, ethylene glycol 76.5%, glycerol 5%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, sorbitol 1%, ethoxy alcohol 1%, tartaric acid 0.01%, ammonium tartrate 0.01%, and mannitol 0.98%. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a roll core, filling electrolyte into the roll core, and manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-4700 mu F60mm 120mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 3
The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1), wherein the electrolytic paper is a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 30 μm. Medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor using electrolyteThe electrolyte for the device comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of suberic acid, 3% of ammonium suberate, 5% of ammonium maleate, 2% of maleic acid, 1% of succinic acid, 1% of ammonium succinate, 0.5% of water, 76.5% of ethylene glycol, 5% of glycerol, 1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of p-nitrophenol, 1% of sorbitol, 1% of ethyl glucitol, 0.01% of tartaric acid, 0.01% of ammonium tartrate and 0.98% of mannitol. And sequentially stacking the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, filling the winding core with electrolyte, and manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-4700 mu F60mm 120mm as shown in figure 2.
Example 4
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: two strips of alloy with the thickness of 0.03mm, the length of 500mm and the width of 200mm and a strip structure are respectively made of CeNi 5 、CeGdNi 5 . The anode adopts anode foil for high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with 700V withstand voltage value, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 10 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is a single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 40 μm and high pressure resistance. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6% of ammonium suberate, 8% of ammonium maleate, 1% of maleic acid, 1% of ammonium dodecanedioate, 5% of water, 45% of ethylene glycol, 20% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 10% of propylene glycol, 1% of citric acid, 1% of ammonium dichromate, 1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% of ethylene glycol. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, filling electrolyte into the winding core, and manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 700V-4700 muF 90mm 220mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 4
The anode adopts anode foil for high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with 700V withstand voltage value, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 10 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is a single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 40 μm and high pressure resistance. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium suberate5%, 8% of ammonium maleate, 1% of maleic acid, 1% of ammonium dodecanedioate, 5% of water, 45% of ethylene glycol, 20% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 10% of propylene glycol, 1% of citric acid, 1% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 1% of ammonium dichromate, 1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% of ethylene glycol. The electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, then wound to form a winding core, and the winding core is filled with electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 700V-4700 mu F90mm x 220mm as shown in figure 2.
Electrolytic capacitors having specifications of 10V to 220. Mu.F 13mm. Multidot.21mm, 400V to 10. Mu.F 8mm. Multidot.12mm, 400V to 4700. Mu.F 60mm. Multidot.120mm, 700V to 4700. Mu.F 90mm. Multidot.220mm were produced for each of the examples and comparative examples, and 5 samples were produced for each of the specifications.
Putting the electrolytic capacitor into a service life load experiment at 105 ℃ to obtain the service life experiment result of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and recording the ratio P/P of the internal pressure of the capacitor to the external air pressure of the capacitor at 1000h, 2000h, 3000h and 4000h respectively 0 After removing the abnormal values, the mean values were obtained, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 4:
TABLE 1 Performance of aluminum electrolytic capacitor with specification of 10V-220 muF 13mm 21mm
TABLE 2 Performance of 400V-10 uF 8mm x 12mm aluminium electrolytic capacitor
TABLE 3 Performance of 400V-4700 μ F60mm 120mm aluminum electrolytic capacitors
TABLE 4 Performance of 700V-4700 μ F90mm 220mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the electrolytic capacitors produced by using the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheets according to the present invention have a significantly reduced working internal pressure and a greatly increased service life.
Example 5
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 6 percent of solute, 90 percent of solvent and 4 percent of additive are mixed evenly.
Wherein the solute is adipic acid;
the solvent is ultrapure water;
the additive comprises 1% of waterproof mixture, 1% of sparking voltage improver and 2% of performance improver.
The waterproof agent is phosphoric acid;
the flash voltage booster is ethylene oxide;
the performance improver is boron oxide.
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net-shaped LaNi alloy with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 30mm and the width of 15mm 5-x A x A = Al, x =1. The anode adopts anode foil with withstand voltage value of 10V for low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 500 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, the electrolytic paper was manila hemp and had a thickness of 30 μm.
And riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on a cathode pin 6 together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 6
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 20 percent of solute, 70 percent of solvent and 10 percent of additive are mixed evenly.
Wherein the solute is ammonium adipate;
the solvent is propanol;
the additive comprises 0.1% of waterproof mixture, 0.9% of sparking voltage improver and 9% of performance improver.
The waterproof mixture is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the sparking voltage improver is citric acid;
the performance improver is ammonium maleate.
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net-shaped LaNi alloy with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 40mm and the width of 15mm 5-x A x A = Co, etc., x =4. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, wherein the electrolytic paper is a manila hemp having a thickness of 30 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on the cathode pin 6 together, sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 7
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 10 percent of solute, 82 percent of solvent and 8 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid and ammonium pentaborate;
the solvent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerol and mannitol;
the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 5%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 0.1%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 2.9%.
The waterproof agent is a mixture of hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the flash voltage booster is a mixture of ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is a mixture of sorbitol and ethanol.
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net-shaped MmNi with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 40mm and the width of 15mm 5 Mm is lanthanum, the anode is made of anode foil for a low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode is made of anode foil with the specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, wherein the electrolytic paper is a manila hemp having a thickness of 30 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on the cathode pin 6 together, sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 8
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 15 percent of solute, 70 percent of solvent and 15 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid and ammonium succinate;
the solvent is a mixture of glycerol and N, N-dimethylformamide;
the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 9%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 3%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 3%.
The waterproof mixture is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the sparking voltage improver is citric acid;
the performance improver is ammonium maleate.
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net-shaped MmNi with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 50mm and the width of 15mm 5 Mm is the mixture of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium, the anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, wherein the electrolytic paper is a manila hemp having a thickness of 30 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on a cathode pin 6 together, sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the regular electrolytic capacitor.
Example 9
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 8 percent of solute, 80 percent of solvent and 12 percent of additive are mixed evenly.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of sebacic acid and suberic acid;
the solvent is a mixture of N, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone;
the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 2.1%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 9%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.9%.
The waterproof mixture is hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the sparking voltage improver is tartaric acid;
the performance improver is glycol.
The hydrogen storage alloy is a net structure of TiNi and Ti with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 300mm and the width of 15mm 2 A mixture of Ni. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, wherein the electrolytic paper is a manila hemp having a thickness of 30 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on the cathode pin 6 together, sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 10
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, the solute 12 percent, the solvent 87.7 percent and the additive 0.3 percent are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and ammonium dodecanedioate;
the solvent is gamma-butyrolactone;
the additive comprises 0.1 percent by mass of a waterproof agent, 0.1 percent by mass of a sparking voltage improver and 0.1 percent by mass of a performance improver.
The waterproof mixture is ADP;
the flash fire voltage booster is tartaric acid;
the performance improver is sorbitol.
The hydrogen storage alloy is Mg with a net structure with the thickness of 0.01mm, the length of 300mm and the width of 200mm 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 A mixture of (a). The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1) above, the electrolytic paper was manila hemp and had a thickness of 30 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 on the cathode pin 6 together, sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Claims (5)
1. A method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using hydrogen storage alloy is characterized in that electrolytic paper (3), a cathode sheet (2), a hydrogen storage alloy sheet (4), the electrolytic paper (3) and an anode sheet (1) are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, then a winding core is formed by winding, and the winding core is filled with electrolyte to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor; the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is made of hydrogen storage alloy material without hydrogen;
the electrolyte comprises 6-20% of solute, 70-90% of solvent and 0.3-15% of additive by mass percent;
the thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 0.04mm;
the width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 2 percent of that of the cathode sheet;
the hydrogen storage alloy sheet and the cathode sheet are riveted on the cathode pin together, and the anode sheet is riveted on the anode pin;
the hydrogen storage alloy is MmNi 5 、TiNi、Ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 One or more of (a); wherein Mm is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, and yttrium.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solute is one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and ammonium dodecanedioate.
3. The method for reducing the internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the use of a hydrogen occluding alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and γ -butyrolactone.
4. The method for reducing the working internal pressure of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor by using the hydrogen storage alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additives comprise 0.1 to 9 mass percent of the waterproof agent, 0.1 to 9 mass percent of the sparking voltage improver and 0.1 to 9 mass percent of the performance improver.
5. The method for reducing the internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using a hydrogen occluding alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-proofing agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hypophosphorous acid;
the flash voltage booster is one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is one or more of boron oxide, ammonium maleate, sorbitol and ethylene glycol.
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| JP2004303910A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Tdk Corp | Capacitor and capacitor electrode |
| CN106757169A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 包头稀土研究院 | A kind of hydrogen bearing alloy rare earth intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2772297B2 (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1998-07-02 | ジエルマックス株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| JPH0992584A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-04-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | Solution leakage preventing structure of electrolytic capacitor |
| WO2017208723A1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | 日東電工株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| CN108538590A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-14 | 苏州松控电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| JP7321451B2 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2023-08-07 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitors and hydrogen storage alloys for electrolytic capacitors |
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| JP2004303910A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Tdk Corp | Capacitor and capacitor electrode |
| CN106757169A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 包头稀土研究院 | A kind of hydrogen bearing alloy rare earth intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
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