CN116913693A - High-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-service-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-service-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116913693A CN116913693A CN202310502514.6A CN202310502514A CN116913693A CN 116913693 A CN116913693 A CN 116913693A CN 202310502514 A CN202310502514 A CN 202310502514A CN 116913693 A CN116913693 A CN 116913693A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940071575 silver citrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QUTYHQJYVDNJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisilver;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QUTYHQJYVDNJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NHJPVZLSLOHJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;butanedioic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O NHJPVZLSLOHJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SATJMZAWJRWBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;decanedioic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O SATJMZAWJRWBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XRURWBKRKZLENR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound N.OCCO XRURWBKRKZLENR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NLVWBYNKMPGKRG-TYYBGVCCSA-N azanium;(e)-4-hydroxy-4-oxobut-2-enoate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O NLVWBYNKMPGKRG-TYYBGVCCSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 aluminum ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000508725 Elymus repens Species 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBUKAFSEUHGMMX-MTJSOVHGSA-N (5z)-5-[[3-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiophen-2-yl]methylidene]-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolin-9-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=2NC(C)(C)C=C(C)C=2C2=C1C=1C(OC)=C(O)C=CC=1O\C2=C/C=1SC=CC=1C(C)O QBUKAFSEUHGMMX-MTJSOVHGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GMVLGJDMPCRIJK-CGZBRXJRSA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(3-hydroxyoxan-4-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COCC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 GMVLGJDMPCRIJK-CGZBRXJRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G13/00—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors; Processes specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors not provided for in groups H01G4/00 - H01G11/00
- H01G13/003—Apparatus or processes for encapsulating capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G13/00—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors; Processes specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors not provided for in groups H01G4/00 - H01G11/00
- H01G13/04—Drying; Impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-service-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) coiling the element; (2) The electrolyte is impregnated, and the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 25-40% of silver citrate, 10-22% of triethanolamine and 3-10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid; (3) Assembling and packaging, wherein in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug; (4) an aging step. The high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor has the advantages of strengthening ion mobility under low-temperature conditions, having formation capability and required conductivity, playing a role in inhibiting corrosion, inhibiting reduction under long-term high temperature, and playing a role in improving thermal stability, thereby reducing the loss value of the whole product, improving the large ripple resistance of the product, reducing the heat generation during the working of the product and prolonging the service life of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-service-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
Background
The function of the engine cooling fan is to enhance the flow rate and flow of air flowing through the radiator to improve the radiating effect of the radiator, and the fan is an important component in the engine cooling system, and the working quality of the fan directly influences the radiating effect of the radiator and the normal use and reliability of the engine. The cooling fan is not only crucial to ensuring the normal operation of the engine, but also plays a key role in energy conservation and emission reduction of the engine, the service life of the capacitor is the most concerned problem of an engine cooling fan manufacturer, the service life of the cooling fan is basically ensured, the service life shown by a product is usually the highest service temperature, the service life ensured under the maximum ripple current is not the failure service life, the service life is far longer than the service life, and the service life is greatly related to the service conditions (voltage, ambient temperature, ripple current and heat dissipation and air cooling), so that the service life of the cooling fan is considered when the engine cooling fan manufacturer selects a product series.
The electrolytic capacitor has the main functions of filtering and bypass in the engine cooling fan, the filtering capacitor is an energy storage device which is connected in parallel with the output end of the rectification power supply circuit and used for reducing the alternating current ripple coefficient and smoothing direct current output, in the electronic circuit which converts alternating current into direct current for supplying power, the filtering capacitor not only ensures that the direct current output of the power supply is stable, reduces the influence of alternating ripple on the electronic circuit, but also can absorb current ripple generated in the working process of the electronic circuit and interference caused by the serial connection of the alternating current power supply, so that the working performance of the electronic circuit is more stable; the bypass capacitor needs to consider enough large capacitance in order to filter ripple voltage/ripple current with low frequency, and only an aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be selected; in order to filter out the higher frequency ripple voltage/current, the capacitor should have a sufficiently small ESR.
In the prior art, when the common electrolytic capacitor is used in the engine cooling fan with ripple current, obvious loss is generated on ESR to cause heat generation, and the service life of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is obviously shortened due to excessive heat generation. In most cases, aluminum electrolytic capacitors used in engine cooling fans are used under very severe conditions, and therefore, it is required that the aluminum electrolytic capacitors have not only good high-low temperature characteristics and ripple resistance but also long life. Currently, engine cooling fans use conventional electrolytic capacitors, and when the temperature is reduced, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, and thus the ion movement and conductivity are reduced, and the ion movement capability is reduced to a very high resistance. Conversely, too high heat will accelerate the evaporation of the electrolyte and when the amount of electrolyte is reduced to a certain limit, the capacitor life is terminated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the application provides a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the application are realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a high temperature low voltage ultra-long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor, comprising the steps of:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of solvent, 30-45% of solute, 5-12% of additive and 0.8-3% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of ammonium formate, 20-32% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 15-22% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 10-15% of ammonium succinate, 5-12% of ammonium sebacate and 0.8-3% of borate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 25-40% of silver citrate, 10-22% of triethanolamine and 3-10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
(3) Assembling and packaging, wherein in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug;
(4) And (3) an aging step.
In the electrolyte, the solvent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of ethylene glycol, 25-40% of glycerol, 10-18% of polyethylene glycol and 1.5-3% of 1, 4-butyrolactone.
In the electrolyte, the additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of maleic acid, 25-40% of polyvinyl alcohol, 14-25% of mannitol, 5-10% of glycol ether and 1.5-3% of monoammonium phosphate.
In a second aspect, a high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor is produced by the above-described production method.
In a third aspect, a high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used, the high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor being manufactured as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor solves the problems that when the temperature is reduced, the viscosity of electrolyte is increased, so that the ion movement and conductivity are reduced, the ion movement capability is reduced, so that the resistance is very high, the ion movement capability is enhanced under the low-temperature condition, the formation capability and the required conductivity are enhanced, the corrosion inhibition effect can be realized, the reduction under the long-term high temperature is inhibited, the effect of improving the thermal stability can be realized, the loss value of the whole product is reduced, the large ripple wave resistance capability of the product is improved, the heat generation of the product during the work is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
Borate is added into the solute, so that the corrosion inhibition effect can be realized, the reduction of the solute at a long-term high temperature can be inhibited, and the thermal stability can be improved, thereby reducing the loss value and ESR of the whole product; the heating of the product during working is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged. The waterproof mixture is added with a small amount of dihydroxybenzoic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid to form a special hydration-resistant film, so that aluminum ions are prevented from being slowly dissolved out of the electrode foil to generate aluminum ions, the aluminum ions react with water in the working electrolyte to generate aluminum hydroxide to be separated out on the surface of the foil to generate a hydrogen oxidation film, the pressure-resistant capability is lost, leakage current and loss are greatly increased, hydrogen is discharged during hydration, the internal pressure of a capacitor is increased, the aluminum foil is deteriorated, the capacitor characteristic failure is finally caused by hydration, and the reduction of the corrosion speed can be prevented.
Detailed Description
As described in the background art, when the conventional electrolytic capacitor is used in the case of the engine cooling fan excessively ripple current, a significant loss is generated in ESR, and heat is generated, so that the life of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is significantly shortened due to excessive heat generation. In most cases, aluminum electrolytic capacitors used in engine cooling fans are used under very severe conditions, and therefore, it is required that the aluminum electrolytic capacitors have not only good high-low temperature characteristics and ripple resistance but also long life. The conventional electrolytic capacitor used in the engine cooling fan at present increases the viscosity of the electrolyte when the temperature is lowered, and thus the ion movement and conductivity are lowered, and the ion movement capability is lowered to a very high resistance. Conversely, too high heat will accelerate the evaporation of the electrolyte and when the amount of electrolyte is reduced to a certain limit, the capacitor life is terminated.
Therefore, the inventor provides a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a manufacturing method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems.
A manufacturing method of a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element; the electrolytic paper is double-layer electrolytic paper compounded by abaca fibers and couch grass fibers;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of solvent, 30-45% of solute, 5-12% of additive and 0.8-3% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solvent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of ethylene glycol, 25-40% of glycerol, 10-18% of polyethylene glycol and 1.5-3% of 1, 4-butyrolactone;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of ammonium formate, 20-32% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 15-22% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 10-15% of ammonium succinate, 5-12% of ammonium sebacate and 0.8-3% of borate;
the additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of maleic acid, 25-40% of polyvinyl alcohol, 14-25% of mannitol, 5-12% of glycol ether and 1.5-3% of monoammonium phosphate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 25-40% of silver citrate, 10-22% of triethanolamine and 3-10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
assembling and packaging; in the assembling step, the guide pin edge on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into a heated rubber plug;
the assembling step is implemented on an assembling machine. And a hot air mechanism is arranged above an assembling area of the assembling machine, the temperature of the hot air mechanism is set to 300-400 ℃, the wind speed gear is 7-8 gears, and the distance between an air outlet and the upper part of the rubber plug is 1-2 cm.
(4) And (3) an aging step.
The high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor solves the problems that when the temperature is reduced, the viscosity of electrolyte is increased, so that the ion movement and conductivity are reduced, the ion movement capability is reduced, so that the resistance is very high, the ion movement capability is enhanced under the low-temperature condition, the formation capability and the required conductivity are enhanced, the corrosion inhibition effect can be realized, the reduction under the long-term high temperature is inhibited, the effect of improving the thermal stability can be realized, the loss value of the whole product is reduced, the large ripple wave resistance capability of the product is improved, the heat generation of the product during the work is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
The solvent is the basis of electrolyte, the key for determining the working temperature range of the product, the viscosity and temperature change are small, the dissolving capacity is strong, the dielectric loss is small, and the like, and glycol and glycerol are selected as main solvents; polyethylene glycol and 1, 4-butyrolactone are auxiliary solvents, and have the characteristics of high dissolution capacity, capability of volatilizing along with water vapor, capability of decomposing in hot alkali solution, enhanced ion mobility under low temperature condition, high conductivity, reduced ESR value, good electrical property and stability, and the like.
The solute is used for maintaining the operation of the oxide film and repairing the oxide film, has the formation capability and the required electric conductivity, is easy to dissolve and has strong ionization capability; therefore, in the aspect of solute, the first solute of the electrolyte mainly comprises ammonium formate, ethylene glycol ammonium and ammonium hydrogen maleate, and higher conductivity is provided, so that the loss value of the whole product is reduced, the heating of the product during working is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged; the second solute of the electrolyte is ammonium succinate, ammonium sebacate and borate, which can play a role in inhibiting corrosion and inhibiting reduction at high temperature for a long time, and can play a role in improving thermal stability, so that the loss value and ESR of the whole product are reduced; the heating of the product during working is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
Additive: the electrolyte has the purposes of adjusting the viscosity and the conductivity of the electrolyte, improving the sparking voltage, passivating an oxide film, inhibiting hydrogen and the like; the method selects maleic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, mannitol, glycol ether and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, enhances the ion movement and conductivity, enhances the penetration capability of electrolyte in anode foil holes and electrolytic paper, reduces product loss, improves the large ripple resistance of the product, ensures high and low temperature characteristics, and supplies oxidation efficiency and high and low temperature stability.
The waterproof mixture is prepared from nitrilotriacetic acid, silver citrate and triethanolamine, and a small amount of dihydroxybenzoic acid is added to form a special waterproof film, so that aluminum ions are prevented from being slowly dissolved out of the electrode foil to generate aluminum ions, the aluminum ions react with water in the working electrolyte to generate aluminum hydroxide to be separated out on the surface of the foil to generate a hydrogen oxide film, the voltage endurance capacity is lost, the leakage current and the loss are greatly increased, hydrogen is released during hydration, the internal pressure of a capacitor is increased, the aluminum foil is deteriorated, the capacitor characteristic failure is finally caused by hydration, and the corrosion speed is prevented from being slowed down.
The electrolytic paper is used as a base material for adsorbing the electrolyte, and forms a cathode of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor together with the electrolyte. The paper manufactured by the manila fibrilia and the couch grass fibrilia has high water absorption, strong chemical stability and good forming uniformity, and better acid resistance and corrosion resistance are completely matched with the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte has moderate strength and softness, keeps the absorption of the electrolyte and has good ion permeability, and the impedance is effectively reduced and the leakage performance is low.
The rubber plug is used as an important sealing material in a capacitor structure, and has the advantages of sealing property, insulativity, thermal oxidation resistance and aging resistanceThe chemical property, solvent resistance and corrosion resistance are closely related to the service life of the capacitor, and the best butyl rubber sealing material is the preferred sealing material for the long-life capacitor, and has the hardness of 90-93 (A) 0 ). In the assembly production process, the machine station has the action of pressing down the element (the first step pressing device aligns the rubber cover hole with the guide pin welding spot and vertically presses the leather head into the 1/2 part of the aluminum stem, and the second step pressing device continuously presses down the leather head and leaves a gap), but due to the high hardness of the rubber plug, two conditions can occur in the production: 1. the machine is difficult to vertically press the rubber plug into the 1/2 position of the aluminum stem by the pressing device, so that the element negative foil is pressed and wrinkled, and the bottom drum is exploded when the product is aged; 2. the leather head is continuously pressed down by the pressing device, a gap is reserved, and the leather head is completely pressed into the rubber cover hole, but the leather head also can rebound, so that the assembly quality and the production efficiency are affected; in order to solve the problems, a hot air blowing gun is additionally arranged on the assembling machine to heat the rubber cover, the temperature is adjusted to be 300-400 ℃, the wind speed gear is 7-8, the distance between the air outlet and the upper part of the rubber plug is 1-2 cm, the rubber plug is softened by heating through the method, the rubber plug can be vertically pressed into an aluminum stem, the rubber plug cannot rebound, and the assembling quality and the production efficiency are improved.
The raw materials and equipment used in the application are common raw materials and equipment in the field unless specified otherwise; the methods used in the present application are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, but are defined in the specification to be used in the event of a conflict.
The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other variations thereof herein are intended to cover a non-closed inclusion, without distinguishing between them. The term "comprising" means that other steps and ingredients may be added that do not affect the end result. The term "comprising" also includes the terms "consisting of …" and "consisting essentially of …". The compositions and methods/processes of the present application comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations described herein, as well as additional or optional ingredients, components, steps, or limitations of any of the embodiments described herein.
All numbers or expressions referring to amounts of components, process conditions, etc. used in the specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all instances by "about". All ranges directed to the same component or property are inclusive of the endpoints, which endpoints are independently combinable. Because these ranges are continuous, they include every value between the minimum and maximum values. It should also be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges within that range.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not limiting thereof.
Example 1
A manufacturing method of a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element; the electrolytic paper is double-layer electrolytic paper compounded by abaca fibers and couch grass fibers;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of solvent, 45% of solute, 12% of additive and 3% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solvent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethylene glycol 54%, glycerol 30%, polyethylene glycol 14.5%, 1, 4-butyrolactone 1.5%;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of ammonium formate, 32% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 15% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 15% of ammonium succinate, 10% of ammonium sebacate and 3% of borate;
the additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of maleic acid, 25% of polyvinyl alcohol, 20% of mannitol, 8% of glycol ether and 2% of monoammonium phosphate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 25% of silver citrate, 10% of triethanolamine and 10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
(3) Assembling and packaging; in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug;
the assembling step is implemented on an assembling machine. And a hot air mechanism is arranged above the assembling area of the assembling machine, the temperature of the hot air mechanism is set to 300 ℃, the wind speed gear is 7 gears, and the distance between the air outlet and the rubber plug is about 1cm.
(4) And (3) an aging step.
The capacitor prepared in example 1 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below:
example 2
A manufacturing method of a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element; the electrolytic paper is double-layer electrolytic paper compounded by abaca fibers and couch grass fibers;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62% of solvent, 30% of solute, 7.2% of additive and 0.8% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solvent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of ethylene glycol, 40% of glycerol, 18% of polyethylene glycol and 2% of 1, 4-butyrolactone;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of ammonium formate, 28% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 22% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 13% of ammonium succinate, 5% of ammonium sebacate and 2% of borate;
the additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of maleic acid, 33.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 25% of mannitol, 10% of glycol ether and 1.5% of monoammonium phosphate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 30% of silver citrate, 22% of triethanolamine and 3% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
(3) Assembling and packaging; in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug;
the assembling step is implemented on an assembling machine. And a hot air mechanism is arranged above the assembling area of the assembling machine, the temperature of the hot air mechanism is set to 350 ℃, the wind speed gear is 7 gears, and the distance between the air outlet and the rubber plug is about 1.5cm.
And (3) an aging step.
The capacitor obtained in example 2 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below:
example 3
A manufacturing method of a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element; the electrolytic paper is double-layer electrolytic paper compounded by abaca fibers and couch grass fibers;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of solvent, 43% of solute, 5% of additive and 2% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solvent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 62% of ethylene glycol, 25% of glycerol, 10% of polyethylene glycol and 3% of 1, 4-butyrolactone;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of ammonium formate, 20% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 17.2% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 10% of ammonium succinate, 12% of ammonium sebacate and 0.8% of borate;
the additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 38% of maleic acid, 40% of polyvinyl alcohol, 14% of mannitol, 5% of glycol ether and 3% of monoammonium phosphate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 40% of silver citrate, 18% of triethanolamine and 7% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
(3) Assembling and packaging; in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug;
the assembling step is implemented on an assembling machine. And a hot air mechanism is arranged above the assembling area of the assembling machine, the temperature of the hot air mechanism is set to 400 ℃, the wind speed gear is 8 gears, and the distance between the air outlet and the rubber plug is about 2cm.
(4) And (3) an aging step.
The capacitor prepared in example 3 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 3 below:
comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the solute lacks borate, namely the solute consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of ammonium formate, 32% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 15% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 15% of ammonium succinate and 13% of ammonium sebacate.
The capacitor produced in comparative example 1 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 4 below:
as shown in the table above, the solute is not added with borate, so that the corrosion inhibition effect is not achieved, the reduction of the solute at a long-term high temperature is inhibited, and the thermal stability is not improved, so that the loss value and ESR of the whole product are not reduced, the heating of the product during working is increased, and the service life of the product is shortened; after the ripple life test, the capacity is obviously reduced, the DF amplification is obvious, the capacity is obviously reduced after the high-temperature storage test, the DF amplification is obvious, and the leakage current is also obviously increased.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the waterproof mixture lacks dihydroxybenzoic acid, namely the waterproof mixture consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 30% of silver citrate and 15% of triethanolamine.
The capacitor produced in comparative example 2 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 5 below:
as is clear from the above table, the waterproof agent does not contain dihydroxybenzoic acid, and thus it is not possible to prevent aluminum from slowly dissolving out from the electrode foil to form aluminum ions, which react with water in the working electrolyte to form aluminum hydroxide which precipitates on the foil surface to form a hydrogen oxide film, which loses the withstand voltage capability, greatly increases the leakage current and loss, and at the same time, releases hydrogen during hydration to raise the internal pressure of the capacitor, deteriorate the aluminum foil, eventually cause the capacitor characteristics to fail due to hydration, and at the same time, it is not possible to prevent the corrosion rate from being slowed down; after the ripple life test, the capacity is obviously reduced, the DF amplification is obvious, and the aluminum shell drum is provided; the capacity drop is obvious after the high-temperature storage test, the DF amplification is obvious, and the leakage current is also obvious.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the waterproof mixture lacks nitrilotriacetic acid, namely the waterproof mixture consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 55% of silver citrate, 35% of triethanolamine and 10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid.
The capacitor produced in comparative example 3 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 6 below:
as is clear from the above table, the waterproof mixture, without the addition of nitrilotriacetic acid, does not form a special hydration-resistant film with dihydroxybenzoic acid, prevents aluminum from slowly dissolving out from the electrode foil to generate aluminum ions, which react with water in the working electrolyte to generate aluminum hydroxide to precipitate on the surface of the foil to generate a hydrogen oxidation film, loses the pressure-resistant capability, greatly increases leakage current and loss, and simultaneously releases hydrogen during hydration to raise the internal pressure of the capacitor, worsens the aluminum foil, eventually leads to the capacitor characteristics failure due to hydration, and cannot prevent slowing down the corrosion rate; after the ripple life test, the capacity is obviously reduced, the DF amplification is obvious, and the aluminum shell drum is provided; the capacity drop is obvious after the high-temperature storage test, the DF amplification is obvious, and the leakage current is also obvious.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: in the assembling step, the rubber plug is not heated when the guide pin edge on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved in the hole of the rubber plug.
The capacitor obtained in comparative example 4 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 7 below:
as shown in the table above, before the rubber plug is vertically pressed into the aluminum stem, the rubber plug is not heated in the process, the prime negative foil is pressed and wrinkled, and the bottom drum is easily exploded after ageing; after the ripple life test, the 5# capacity is seriously reduced, the DF and LC amplification is extremely large, and the aluminum shell explosion-proof valve is opened; dissecting: the prime negative foil is pressed and wrinkled, and the sparking phenomenon occurs.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the electrolytic paper is double-layer electrolytic paper compounded by manila hemp fibers and cotton hemp fibers.
The capacitor produced in comparative example 5 was subjected to a ripple life 12000H life test and a 105 ℃ 1000H storage test, and the test results are shown in Table 8 below:
as can be seen from the above table, the chemical stability of the electrolytic paper of manila hemp fiber and cotton hemp fiber is not strong, and the electrolytic paper is not completely matched with the electrolyte of the application, so that the impedance cannot be effectively reduced, and the electrolytic paper has low electric leakage performance; after the ripple life test, the capacity is obviously reduced, and the DF amplification is obvious; the leakage current increases obviously after the high-temperature storage test.
The above examples only show embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application, but all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shall fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The manufacturing method of the high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) And (3) coiling: inserting electrolytic paper between the anode foil and the cathode foil, and winding into an element;
(2) Electrolyte impregnation: immersing the element in the step (1) into electrolyte for impregnation treatment and drying, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of solvent, 30-45% of solute, 5-12% of additive and 0.8-3% of waterproof synthetic agent;
the solute comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of ammonium formate, 20-32% of ethylene glycol ammonium, 15-22% of ammonium hydrogen maleate, 10-15% of ammonium succinate, 5-12% of ammonium sebacate and 0.8-3% of borate;
the waterproof mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-55% of nitrilotriacetic acid, 25-40% of silver citrate, 10-22% of triethanolamine and 3-10% of dihydroxybenzoic acid;
(3) Assembling and packaging, wherein in the assembling step, the guide pin on the dried element in the step (2) is sleeved into the heated rubber plug;
(4) And (3) an aging step.
2. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the electrolyte, the solvent is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 40-62% of ethylene glycol, 25-40% of glycerol, 10-18% of polyethylene glycol and 1.5-3% of 1, 4-butyrolactone.
3. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the electrolyte, the additive is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of maleic acid, 25-40% of polyvinyl alcohol, 14-25% of mannitol, 5-10% of glycol ether and 1.5-3% of monoammonium phosphate.
4. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein said assembling step is carried out on an assembling machine.
5. The method for manufacturing an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with a long service life at a high temperature and a low voltage according to claim 4, wherein a hot air mechanism is arranged above an assembling area of the assembling machine, the temperature of the hot air mechanism is set to 300-400 ℃, the wind speed gear is 7-8, and the distance between an air outlet and a rubber plug is 1-2 cm.
6. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 5, wherein said rubber stopper is a butyl rubber stopper.
7. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 6, wherein the electrolytic paper is a double-layer electrolytic paper composed of manila hemp fibers and coga fibers.
8. The method for manufacturing a high-temperature low-voltage ultra-long-life aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to claim 7, wherein a gap exists between the bottom of the rubber plug and the top of the element after the rubber plug is sleeved.
9. A high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor, characterized in that it is produced by the production method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminium electrolytic capacitor, characterized in that the high temperature low voltage ultra long life aluminium electrolytic capacitor is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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