CN111627711A - Working electrolyte of aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V - Google Patents
Working electrolyte of aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V Download PDFInfo
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- CN111627711A CN111627711A CN202010429991.0A CN202010429991A CN111627711A CN 111627711 A CN111627711 A CN 111627711A CN 202010429991 A CN202010429991 A CN 202010429991A CN 111627711 A CN111627711 A CN 111627711A
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005725 8-Hydroxyquinoline Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ARKIFHPFTHVKDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-nitrophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 ARKIFHPFTHVKDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BNUHAJGCKIQFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroanisol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BNUHAJGCKIQFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002903 benzyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(O)=O BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- POIOOCHMXHKUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [nitro-[nitro(phenyl)methoxy]methyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C([N+](=O)[O-])OC([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 POIOOCHMXHKUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 oxygen anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940028001 boric acid antiseptic and disinfectant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005620 boronic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/045—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material based on aluminium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of capacitors, and particularly relates to a working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-56 parts of main solvent, 10-20 parts of auxiliary solvent, 15-30 parts of solute and 4-6 parts of flash fire voltage improver. The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor has the advantages of good high-temperature stability, high sparking voltage, wide working temperature range, high and stable electrical conductivity after heating, and good application prospect and market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of capacitors, and particularly relates to a working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V.
Background
The quality performance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor depends on the performance of the working electrolyte to a great extent, while the working electrolyte of the low-voltage capacitor mostly contains much water, and the low-voltage water-containing working electrolyte has the following advantages: firstly, the working electrolyte contains more water, so that higher conductivity can be provided for the working electrolyte, the loss value of the whole product is reduced, the heat generated during the working of the product is reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged; secondly, water is used as an excellent solvent in the working electrolyte, so that the solubility of the working electrolyte can be improved; thirdly, water is used as a source for providing oxygen anions needed for repairing the oxide film; fourthly, water is a cheap and easily available raw material. The disadvantages of aqueous electrolytes are not negligible: the working electrolyte containing more water is easy to hydrate with the oxide film on the surface of the anode aluminum foil, so that the performance of the oxide film is damaged (namely the capability of the water to damage the oxide film is far greater than the capability of repairing the oxide film), and the product fails early, which is more obvious under the high-temperature condition.
The traditional electrolyte solute is mainly and preferably long-carbon-chain ammonium carboxylate or carboxylic acid, but the long-carbon-chain ammonium carboxylate or carboxylic acid which is currently researched and developed mainly comes from foreign countries, and the domestic production technology is not mature, so that the production cost of the electrolyte is high, and the electrolyte is not suitable for practical production. The long carbon chain carboxylic acid ammonium salt or carboxylic acid is used as a main solute, the conductivity of the electrolyte is low, and the product loss is large.
In addition, SVHC, a highly interesting substance, is derived from european union REACH regulations. On day 18/6/2010, boronic acids were classified as a third SVHC and formally added to the candidate list. Since boric acid products are also taken as important control objects, the development of boric acid-free electrolyte is a new topic faced by aluminum electrolytic capacitor manufacturers.
At present, the miniaturization of product, the reduction of inner space, the phenomenon that the temperature rise changes greatly directly leads to the inside repeated ignition burn of product, the microexplosion, this phenomenon can reappear when the repeated charging is ageing, and this harmful phenomena can lead to the short circuit in the use, has serious quality hidden danger.
The improvement directions of the modern low-voltage electrolytic capacitor are to improve the sparking voltage of electrolyte, improve the withstand voltage of aluminum foil and adopt the technical schemes of high-density and high-thickness electrolytic paper and the like. However, increasing the sparking voltage of the electrolyte correspondingly decreases the conductivity of the electrolyte, resulting in a high initial electrical characteristic DF of the capacitor. The pressure resistance of the aluminum foil is improved, the specific volume of the aluminum foil is correspondingly reduced, the requirement on small size cannot be met, and meanwhile, the cost of raw materials is increased. Under the condition of product size limit, the capacitor capacity is designed to be too low, so that the requirement of customers cannot be met, and short circuit breakdown of different degrees is easily caused.
These are all related to the existing electrolytes, which have a decisive role for aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V and a preparation method thereof. The working electrolyte has the advantages of good high-temperature stability, low hydration, high sparking voltage, wide working temperature range and high and stable electrical conductivity after heating.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of main solvent, 10-20 parts of auxiliary solvent, 10-30 parts of solute, 4-6 parts of flash fire voltage improver and 0.2-1 part of waterproof mixture, wherein the waterproof mixture is a mixture of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, dodecyl phosphate and hexadecyl phosphate.
Further, the main solvent is ethylene glycol.
Further, the auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water and at least one selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether and ethylene glycol butyl ether.
Further, the solute comprises two or more of dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, benzyl benzoate, adipic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and benzoic acid;
further, the sparking voltage raising agent comprises a nano-silica dispersing agent, amorphous copper nanoparticles, a glycerol derivative, glycerol and phosphoric acid.
Further, the electrolyte also comprises a corrosion inhibitor according to the mass part, and the corrosion inhibitor is selected from at least one of monobutyl phosphate and nitrobenzyl ether.
Further, the electrolyte further comprises a stabilizer in parts by mass, wherein the stabilizer is at least one selected from tartaric acid, maleic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitroanisole and m-nitroacetophenone.
A preparation method of working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 100-125 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a flash voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ until the mixed solution is dissolved, heating the mixed solution to 125-135 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-40 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 85-100 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V has the advantages of less characteristic deterioration of the working electrolyte, low hydration, stable electrolyte performance, low electrolyte viscosity, contribution to batch production and capability of reducing the production cost.
2. The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor has high spark voltage, the conductivity is not reduced after heating treatment, the conductivity can be maintained higher, and the adopted small molecular solute has stronger mobility and extremely high solubility, so that the aluminum electrolytic capacitor has satisfactory conductivity and does not have short circuit even under the condition of high use voltage.
3. The working electrolyte in the capacitor ensures the stability of the viscosity of the electrolyte and improves the sparking voltage after the polymerization reaction is carried out by heating and cooling twice in the manufacturing process, and the manufactured aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be used for aluminum electrolytic capacitors with the voltage lower than 63V.
4. The low-voltage capacitor is influenced by various factors, such as specific volume of an aluminum foil, capacity design and electrolytic paper, short circuit breakdown of different degrees can be caused, so that the low-voltage capacitor cannot play a role and the whole circuit is influenced. After the amorphous copper nanoparticles are added, the catalytic effect of copper can be exerted, the resistance in the reaction power of the aqueous electrolyte in the electrolytic paper is reduced, the conductivity of the aqueous electrolyte can be improved by means of the good conductivity of copper, and the capacity exertion is facilitated. The low-voltage capacitor has high capacity, stably improved conductivity and no reduction in conductivity after heating treatment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the description of the present invention is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of main solvent, 10-20 parts of auxiliary solvent, 10-30 parts of solute, 4-6 parts of flash fire voltage improver and 0.2-1 part of waterproof mixture, wherein the waterproof mixture is a mixture of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, dodecyl phosphate and hexadecyl phosphate.
Preferably, the main solvent is ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water and at least one selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether and ethylene glycol butyl ether.
Preferably, the solute comprises two or more of dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, benzyl benzoate, adipic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and benzoic acid;
preferably, the sparking voltage raising agent comprises nano-silica dispersing agent, amorphous copper nanoparticles, glycerol derivative, glycerol and phosphoric acid.
Preferably, the electrolyte further comprises a corrosion inhibitor in parts by mass, and the corrosion inhibitor is selected from at least one of monobutyl phosphate and nitrobenzyl ether.
Preferably, the electrolyte further comprises a stabilizer in parts by mass, and the stabilizer is at least one selected from tartaric acid, maleic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitroanisole and m-nitroacetophenone.
A preparation method of working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 100-125 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a flash voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ until the mixed solution is dissolved, heating the mixed solution to 125-135 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-40 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 85-100 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
Example 1
The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of main solvent, 15 parts of auxiliary solvent, 18 parts of solute, 5 parts of flash fire voltage raising agent and 0.8 part of waterproof agent, wherein the waterproof agent is a mixture of 1 part of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 0.8 part of 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3 parts of phosphoric acid, 2 parts of polyphosphoric acid, 1 part of dodecyl phosphate and 0.5 part of hexadecyl phosphate.
The main solvent is ethylene glycol. The auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether.
The solute comprises dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, adipic acid and benzyl benzoate;
the sparking voltage booster comprises a nano silicon dioxide dispersing agent, amorphous copper nanoparticles, a glycerol derivative, glycerol and phosphoric acid. The electrolyte further comprises a corrosion inhibitor in parts by mass, and the corrosion inhibitor is selected from monobutyl phosphate.
The electrolyte further comprises a stabilizer in parts by mass, wherein the stabilizer is selected from tartaric acid and maleic acid.
A preparation method of working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 110 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a sparking voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 105 ℃ until the sparking voltage raising agent is dissolved, heating to 130 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 90 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
Example 2
The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60 parts of main solvent, 10 parts of auxiliary solvent, 10 parts of solute, 4 parts of flash fire voltage raising agent and 0.2 part of waterproof agent, wherein the waterproof agent is a mixture of 3 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 1 part of 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5 part of phosphoric acid, 0.8 part of polyphosphoric acid, 1 part of dodecyl phosphate and 0.6 part of hexadecyl phosphate.
The main solvent is ethylene glycol. The auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water, ethylene glycol ethyl ether and ethylene glycol butyl ether.
The solute comprises dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and benzoic acid;
the sparking voltage booster comprises a nano silicon dioxide dispersing agent, amorphous copper nanoparticles, a glycerol derivative, glycerol and phosphoric acid.
The electrolyte also comprises a corrosion inhibitor in parts by mass, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is nitrobenzyl ether.
The electrolyte further comprises a stabilizer in parts by mass, wherein the stabilizer is maleic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitroanisole and m-nitroacetophenone.
A preparation method of working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 100 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a sparking voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 100 ℃ until the sparking voltage raising agent is dissolved, heating to 125 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 85 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
Example 3
The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80 parts of main solvent, 20 parts of auxiliary solvent, 30 parts of solute, 6 parts of flash fire voltage raising agent and 1 part of waterproof mixture, wherein the waterproof mixture is a mixture of 1 part of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 0.8 part of 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3 parts of phosphoric acid, 2 parts of polyphosphoric acid, 1 part of dodecyl phosphate and 0.5 part of hexadecyl phosphate.
The main solvent is ethylene glycol. The auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether and ethylene glycol butyl ether.
The solute comprises dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, adipic acid, benzyl benzoate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and benzoic acid;
the sparking voltage booster comprises a nano silicon dioxide dispersing agent, amorphous copper nanoparticles, a glycerol derivative, glycerol and phosphoric acid.
The electrolyte also comprises a corrosion inhibitor in parts by mass, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is monobutyl phosphate.
The electrolyte further comprises a stabilizer in parts by mass, wherein the stabilizer is tartaric acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitroanisole and m-nitroacetophenone.
A preparation method of working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 125 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a sparking voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 110 ℃ until the sparking voltage raising agent is dissolved, heating to 135 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 40 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 100 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the auxiliary solvent was replaced with 16 parts of polyethylene glycol, and the procedure was otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
In the comparative example, the auxiliary solvent is replaced by 16 parts of polyethylene glycol, the flash voltage improver further comprises 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and the rest is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, the sparking voltage enhancer further included 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
In the comparative example, the preparation method is to add all the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V, heat the working electrolyte to 130 ℃, and cool the working electrolyte to obtain the electrolyte. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 5
In this comparative example, the sparking voltage booster did not include amorphous copper nanoparticles. The rest is the same as example 1.
Test examples
The initial conductivity, the conductivity change rate after 1000 hours at 125 ℃, and the spark voltage of the capacitor obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were evaluated by the following methods, and the results are shown in table 1. (10 cm for the anode)2The aluminum foil is chemically etched at a high pressure, and the cathode is 10cm2The spark voltage (V) of the electrolyte was measured at 25 ℃ under a constant current (2 mA). Under the evaluation conditions, the spark voltage is preferably 170V or more in general)
Table 1:
| electrolyte solution | Initial conductivity (mS/cm) | Rate of change in conductivity (%) | Spark voltage (V) |
| Example 1 | 20.6 | 8 | 180 |
| Example 2 | 22.5 | 8.6 | 190 |
| Example 3 | 21.8 | 8 | 186 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.3 | 27 | 85 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6.8 | Gel state, not measurable | 82 |
| Comparative example 3 | 7.2 | Gel state, not measurable | 75 |
| Comparative example 4 | 6.9 | 32 | 72 |
| Comparative example 5 | 5 | 28.2 | 60 |
Initial conductivity and conductivity change rate after heat resistance test:
the initial conductivities of the electrolytes of examples and comparative examples at 30 ℃ were first measured using a conductivity meter.
Under the evaluation conditions, the initial conductivity is preferably 1.0mS/cm or more in general.
Subsequently, the electrolyte solution was sealed in a pressure-resistant container, and the container was left in a drier at 125 ℃ for 1000 hours to conduct a heat resistance test. The electrolyte after the heat resistance test was taken out of the pressure-resistant container, and the conductivity at 30 ℃ was measured in the same manner. The conductivity change (%) before and after the heat resistance test was calculated.
Conductivity change rate (%) [ (initial conductivity-conductivity after heat resistance test)/initial conductivity ] × 100
Under the evaluation conditions, the conductivity change (%) is preferably 25% or less in general.
In the capacitors of comparative examples 2 and 3, the electrolytic solutions were gelled after the heat resistance test, and the electric conductivity could not be measured.
Spark voltage
The anode is 10cm2The aluminum foil is chemically etched at a high pressure, and the cathode is 10cm2The spark voltage (V) of the electrolyte in the capacitor was measured at 25 ℃ under a constant current (2 mA).
Under the evaluation conditions, the spark voltage is preferably 170V or more.
As shown in table 1, the electrolyte solutions of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were excellent in all of the three items of initial conductivity, conductivity change rate, and spark voltage.
On the other hand, polyethylene glycol not used in the present invention has poor initial conductivity. The electrolytes of comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 using 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol as a sparking voltage raising agent have poor conductivity change rates.
The sparking voltage booster comprising amorphous copper nanoparticles is not used, the initial conductivity is low, the conductivity change rate is high, the spark voltage is low, and the electrolyte is not suitable for a plurality of low-voltage capacitors.
In addition, the electrolyte solution of comparative example 3 using polyvinyl alcohol became gel-like after the heat resistance test, and the conductivity could not be measured (poor conductivity change rate).
The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor of less than 63V in the comparative example of the example was simultaneously put into a high and low temperature test equipment (ESPEC), set at-40 ℃, and maintained for 6 hours, and the behavior was observed, and the results are shown in table two:
| item | 6 hours at-40 ℃ trait |
| Example 1 | Has good fluidity |
| Example 2 | Has good fluidity |
| Example 3 | Has good fluidity |
| Comparative example 1 | Has precipitation and gel-like |
| Comparative example 2 | Gel-like, no-fluidity |
| Comparative example 3 | Gel-like, no-fluidity |
| Comparative example 4 | Has fluidity |
| Comparative example 5 | Has fluidity |
Industrial applicability
The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V has less degradation, and the degradation is reduced by more than 35% compared with the comparative example, so that the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be popularized and used.
A wound aluminum electrolytic capacitor (rated voltage 50V, electrostatic capacity 100 μ F, size: 5x9mm) was produced using the electrolytes of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5. The sealing rubber used was peroxide-cured butyl rubber. The electrostatic capacity (C), the change rate (Δ C%), the loss tangent (tan), and the Leakage Current (LC) at the start of the heat resistance test (placed at 125 ℃), 1000 hours after, and 3000 hours after the heat resistance test were measured by the following measurement methods.
That is, the capacitance (C), the capacitance change rate (Δ C%), and the loss tangent (tan) were measured at a frequency of 120HZ 20 ℃ by an LCR meter (inductance capacitance resistance meter). In addition, for the Leakage Current (LC), after applying the rated voltage, the current value after 2 minutes was measured; the ripple current value was measured at 105 ℃ and 100 KHz. The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2:
as shown in Table 2, in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5, since no short circuit occurred in the initial stage, the spark voltage was high. However, comparative example 2 was short-circuited in 1000 hours and 3000 hours, and comparative examples 3 and 4 were short-circuited at 3000H.
In examples 1 to 3, the risk of short circuit is small because the Leakage Current (LC) is low in the initial state, and the risk of short circuit is small because the Leakage Current (LC) is low in 3000 hours.
Further, it is found that the loss tangent (tan) of examples 1 to 3 is smaller than that of comparative example at the initial stage, and thus the deterioration of the characteristics is small, and further, the tan of examples 1 to 3 is smaller at 3000 hours, and thus the deterioration of the characteristics is less.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of main solvent, 10-20 parts of auxiliary solvent, 10-30 parts of solute, 4-6 parts of flash fire voltage improver and 0.2-1 part of waterproof mixture, wherein the waterproof mixture is a mixture of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, dodecyl phosphate and hexadecyl phosphate.
2. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main solvent is ethylene glycol.
3. The working electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitors with voltage lower than 63V according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary solvent comprises deionized water and at least one selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether and ethylene glycol butyl ether.
4. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solute comprises two or more of dimer acid salt, sebacic acid, adipic acid, benzyl benzoate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, benzoic acid.
5. The working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sparking voltage raising agent comprises nano-silica dispersant, amorphous copper nanoparticles, glycerol derivatives, glycerol, phosphoric acid.
6. The working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a corrosion inhibitor selected from at least one of monobutyl phosphate and nitrobenzyl ether in parts by mass.
7. The working electrolyte of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage lower than 63V as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a stabilizer selected from at least one of tartaric acid, maleic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitroanisole and m-nitroacetophenone in parts by mass.
8. A method for preparing the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the preparation of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the voltage lower than 63V comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the main solvent and the auxiliary solvent, heating to 100-125 ℃, adding the solute, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a flash voltage raising agent into the mixed solution at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ until the mixed solution is dissolved, heating the mixed solution to 125-135 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-40 minutes;
and S3, adding all the components of the electrolyte, uniformly stirring, cooling to 85-100 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30min, and cooling to obtain the electrolyte.
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| CN112863878A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 广州金立电子有限公司 | Low-leakage aluminum electrolytic capacitor working electrolyte |
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