CN113517139B - Method for reducing working internal pressure of aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents
Method for reducing working internal pressure of aluminum electrolytic capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113517139B CN113517139B CN202110732447.8A CN202110732447A CN113517139B CN 113517139 B CN113517139 B CN 113517139B CN 202110732447 A CN202110732447 A CN 202110732447A CN 113517139 B CN113517139 B CN 113517139B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
Abstract
A method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the steps of sequentially superposing electrolytic paper, a cathode sheet, a hydrogen storage alloy sheet, the electrolytic paper and an anode sheet from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor; wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrogen absorbing agent, and the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-0.1%. The invention reduces the consumption of hydrogen absorbing agent in the traditional method, and adds hydrogen storage alloy between the electrolytic paper and the cathode, thereby effectively reducing the internal pressure of the capacitor, greatly prolonging the service life and the reliability, wherein the service life is more than 2 times of the original service life; the boosting capacity and the oxidation efficiency of the electrolyte can be improved, the repair of an anodic oxide film of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is facilitated, and the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be improved, so that the frequency characteristic is improved, and the loss and the leakage current are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and particularly relates to a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Background
While the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is steadily increasing in the traditional consumer electronics field, the application field of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is expanded in various emerging fields such as energy-saving lamps, frequency conversion, new energy sources and the like along with structure transformation and technical progress. The working electrolyte is used as the actual cathode of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the requirement on the working electrolyte is higher and higher depending on the use temperature range of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor and whether the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can reach the indexes of long service life and high reliability.
In order to solve the problem, a hydrogen absorbing agent is usually added into an electrolyte to reduce internal pressure, such as: nitro compounds and phenolic substances such as resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol. After the hydrogen absorbing agent is added, the internal pressure can be reduced, and the pressure boosting capacity of the solution can be improved; however, the hydrogen absorbing agent has low hydrogen absorbing efficiency, small hydrogen absorbing amount, toxicity, environmental pollution, reduced sparking voltage and conductivity of electrolyte, open circuit caused by corrosion of electrode leading-out strips and the like, and has some negative effects on the capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the steps of sequentially superposing electrolytic paper, a cathode sheet, a hydrogen storage alloy sheet, the electrolytic paper and an anode sheet from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor; wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrogen absorbent, and the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbent in the electrolyte is 0.01-0.1%.
The further improvement of the invention is that the electrolyte comprises 5 to 20 percent of solute, 70 to 90 percent of solvent and 0.31 to 15 percent of additive containing hydrogen absorbing agent according to the mass percentage.
In a further improvement of the invention, the solute is one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and ammonium dodecanedioate;
the solvent is one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerol, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone;
the additive comprises 0.1-9% of waterproof mixture, 0.1-9% of hydrogen absorption agent, 0.1-9% of flash voltage improver and 0.1-9% of performance improver.
The invention is further improved in that the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the flash voltage booster is one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is one or more of boron oxide, ammonium maleate, sorbitol, ethylene glycol and alkyl phosphoric acid.
The invention is further improved in that the hydrogen absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and 2, 4-dinitrophenol.
A further improvement of the present invention is characterized in that the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet is one or more hydrogen absorbing alloy materials containing no hydrogen.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet has a thickness of not more than 0.03mm.
The further improvement of the invention is that the width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 1 percent of that of the cathode sheet.
The invention is further improved in that the material of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is LaNi 5 、LaNi 5-x A x ，MmNi 5 、TiNi、Ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 One or more of (a); wherein, a = Al, mn, co or Cu, x =1,2,3 or 4, mm is one or more of the rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical beneficial effects: the invention reduces the consumption of hydrogen absorbing agent in the traditional method, adds the hydrogen storage alloy between the electrolytic paper and the cathode sheet, and reduces the internal pressure by absorbing hydrogen by utilizing the synergistic action of the hydrogen absorbing agent and the hydrogen storage alloy. Compared with the traditional method, the hydrogen absorbing agent is added into the electrolyte, and the hydrogen absorbing agent with smaller dosage can reduce certain internal pressure, reduce corrosion to the electrode leading-out strip and reduce pollution to the environment; the hydrogen absorption amount per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy is increased by 1000 times by using the hydrogen storage alloy, so that the internal pressure of the capacitor is effectively reduced, the service life and the reliability are greatly increased, and the service life is more than 2 times of the original service life; and the boosting capacity and the oxidation efficiency of the electrolyte are improved, the repair of an anodic oxide film of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is facilitated, and the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be improved, so that the frequency characteristic is improved, and the loss and the leakage current are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using a hydrogen occluding alloy according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor not using a hydrogen occluding alloy.
In the figure, 1 is an anode strip, 2 is a cathode strip, 3 is electrolytic paper, 4 is a hydrogen storage alloy strip, 5 is an anode pin, and 6 is a cathode pin.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The electrolytic capacitor containing the hydrogen storage alloy sheet manufactured by the invention is put into a life load test.
In the use of the electrolytic capacitor, it is generally considered that when the internal pressure increases to 500% or more of the external air pressure, the capacitor fails, i.e., the time taken for the internal pressure of the capacitor to increase to 500% of the external air pressure is the life of the capacitor.
A method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by adopting hydrogen storage alloy comprises the following steps: sequentially superposing electrolytic paper 3, cathode sheet 2, hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, electrolytic paper 3 and anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, and then winding to form a roll core, wherein the roll core is filled with electrolyte to form an aluminum electrolytic capacitor; wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrogen getter.
The aluminum electrolytic capacitor manufactured by the invention comprises a roll core, wherein electrolyte is filled in the roll core; the winding core comprises an anode sheet 1, a cathode sheet 2, electrolytic paper 3 and a hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4.
The hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 is a net-shaped or strip-shaped hydrogen storage alloy material without hydrogen;
the electrolyte comprises 6-20% of solute, 70-90% of solvent and 0.31-15% of additive by mass percent.
The solute is: one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and ammonium dodecanedioate.
The solvent is as follows: one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerol, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone.
The additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and a performance improver, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.1-9%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-0.1%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 0.1-9%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.1-9%;
the waterproof mixture is; one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the sparking voltage improver comprises: one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate;
the performance improver comprises: one or more of boron oxide, ammonium maleate, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, alkyl phosphoric acid, and tartaric acid.
Among them, boron oxide can prevent electrode corrosion, ammonium maleate and sorbitol can improve formation characteristics, and ethoxylated alcohol can improve low temperature characteristics.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and 2, 4-dinitrophenol.
The anode strip 1 is riveted on the anode pin 5. The hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4 and the cathode sheet 2 are riveted on the cathode pin 6 together.
The thickness of the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet is not more than 0.03mm.
The width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 1 percent of that of the cathode sheet.
The hydrogen storage alloy sheet is LaNi 5 、LaNi 5-x A x (A = Al, mn, co, cu, etc., x =1,2,3, 4), mmNi 5 (Mm is one or more of the rare earth elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y)), tiNi, ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu、ZrMn 2 One or more of (a).
The working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is 10-1000V.
Example 1
The thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is 0.02mm, the length is 30mm, and the width is 15mm 5 . The anode adopts anode foil with withstand voltage value of 10V for low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 500 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitors of (1), the electrolytic paper being made of: manila hemp (40% by mass) + spanish grass (60% by mass), with a thickness of 40 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for a low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of ammonium adipate, 5% of ammonium succinate, 65% of ethylene glycol, 10% of water, 2% of benzoic acid, 2% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 0.05% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 3% of ammonium dichromate and 2.9% of diethylene glycol. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a roll core, filling electrolyte into the roll core, and manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 10V-220 muF 13mm 21mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 1
The anode adopts anode foil with withstand voltage value of 10V for low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 500 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is made of manila hemp (40%) + spanish grass (60%) and has a thickness of 40 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of ammonium adipate, 5% of ammonium succinate, 65% of ethylene glycol, 10% of water, 2% of benzoic acid, 2% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 0.5% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 3% of ammonium dichromate and 2% of diethylene glycol. Then, the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and then wound to form a roll core, and the roll is filled with the electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 10V-220 muF 13mm x 21mm as shown in figure 2.
Example 2
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: 0.03mm in thickness, 2mm in length and 10mm in width, and has a band-shaped structure of LaNiCu 4 . The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1), wherein the electrolytic paper is a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 30 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium octanedioate 4%, ammonium maleate 1%, ethylene glycol 85%, water 5.9%, phosphoric acid 1%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, resorcinol 0.02%, m-nitroacetophenone 0.03%, p-nitrophenol 0.02%, citric acid 1%, and mannitol 1.03%. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a roll core, and filling electrolyte into the roll to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-10 muF 8mm 12mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 2
The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is made of a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 30 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium octanedioate 4%, ammonium maleate 1%, ethylene glycol 85%, water 5%, phosphoric acid 1%, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, p-nitrophenol 1%, citric acid 1%, and mannitol 1%. The electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 were sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and then wound to form a roll core, and the roll was filled with an electrolyte solution to produce an electrolytic capacitor having a standard of 400V to 10 μ F8mm by 12mm as shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: two strips of alloy with the thickness of 0.02mm, the length of 100mm and the width of 100mm and a strip-shaped structure are respectively made of Ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 And (3) Cu. The anode adopts an anode with a withstand voltage value of 400V for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitorThe specific capacitance of the foil and the cathode is 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is made of a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 60 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of ammonium suberate, 10% of ammonium dodecanedioic acid, 1% of succinic acid, 71% of ethylene glycol, 5% of water, 3% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05% of 2, 4% of dinitrophenol, 1% of ethyl alcohol, 1.95% of citric acid and 1% of mannitol. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, winding to form a roll core, and filling electrolyte into the roll core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-4700 mu F60mm 120mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 3
The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 40 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1), wherein the electrolytic paper is a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 60 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of ammonium suberate, 10% of ammonium dodecanedioic acid, 1% of succinic acid, 70% of ethylene glycol, 5% of water, 3% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of 2, 4% of dinitrophenol, 1% of ethyl alcohol, 1% of citric acid and 1% of mannitol. And sequentially stacking the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling the winding core with electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 400V-4700 mu F60mm 120mm as shown in figure 2.
Example 4
The hydrogen storage alloy is characterized as follows: two strips of alloy with the thickness of 0.03mm, the length of 250mm and the width of 200mm and a strip structure are respectively made of CeNi 5 、CeGdNi 5 . The anode adopts an anode foil for a high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 700V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 10 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1) is a single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 40 μm and high pressure resistance. Electrolysis ofThe electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of suberic acid, 7% of ammonium suberate, 5% of ammonium succinate, 2% of succinic acid, 70% of ethylene glycol, 1% of boric acid, 1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 0.03% of p-nitrobenzol, 0.04% of m-nitroacetophenone, 0.01% of p-nitrophenol, 1.9% of sorbitol, 1% of ethyl sugar alcohol and 1% of diethylene glycol. Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a roll core, and filling electrolyte into the roll core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 700V-4700 muF 90mm x 220mm as shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 4
The anode adopts anode foil for high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with 700V withstand voltage value, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 10 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1), wherein the electrolytic paper is a high-pressure-resistant single-layer wood pulp paper having a thickness of 40 μm. The electrolyte uses the electrolyte for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of suberic acid, 7% of ammonium suberate, 5% of ammonium succinate, 2% of succinic acid, 70% of ethylene glycol, 1% of boric acid, 1% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of p-nitrophenol, 1% of sorbitol, 1% of ethyl sugar alcohol and 1% of diethylene glycol. And sequentially stacking the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling the winding core with electrolyte to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor with the specification of 700V-4700 mu F90mm x 220mm as shown in the figure 2.
Each of the examples and comparative examples produced electrolytic capacitors having specifications of 10V to 220. Mu.F 13mm 21mm, 400V to 10. Mu.F 8mm 12mm, 400V to 4700. Mu.F 60mm 120mm, 700V to 4700. Mu.F 90mm 220mm, and 5 samples were produced for each specification.
Putting the electrolytic capacitor into a 105 ℃ service life load experiment to obtain the service life experiment result of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and recording the ratio P/P of the internal pressure of the capacitor to the external air pressure in 1000h, 2000h, 3000h and 4000h respectively 0 After removing the abnormal values, the mean value was obtained, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 4The following steps:
TABLE 1 Performance of 10V-220 uF 13mm.21mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor
TABLE 2 Performance of 400V-10 μ F8mm × 12mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor
TABLE 3 Performance of 400V-4700 μ F60mm 120mm aluminum electrolytic capacitors
TABLE 4 Performance of 700V-4700 μ F90mm 220mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the electrolytic capacitor of the present invention, which is manufactured by reducing the amount of the hydrogen absorbing agent and using the hydrogen absorbing alloy sheet, has a significantly reduced working internal pressure, greatly increasing the service life thereof to 3 to 4 times the original service life.
Example 5
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 5 percent of solute, 90 percent of solvent and 5 percent of additive are mixed evenly.
Wherein the solute is adipic acid;
the solvent is gamma-butyrolactone;
the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 1 percent, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 1 percent, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 2.9 percent; the mass percentage of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.1 percent.
The waterproof agent is phosphoric acid;
the flash voltage booster is ethylene oxide;
the performance improver is boron oxide.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is resorcinol.
The thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is 0.02mm, the length is 20mm, and the width is 15mm 5-x A x A = Al, x =1, the anode uses the anode foil for the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode uses the specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). The electrolytic paper is made of the following materials: manila hemp (40% by mass) + spanish grass (60% by mass), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 6
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 20 percent of solute, 70 percent of solvent and 10 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is ammonium adipate;
the solvent is a mixture of diethylene glycol and gamma-butyrolactone;
the mass percent of the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte is 0.1 percent, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 9 percent, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.85 percent; the mass percentage of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.05 percent.
The waterproof mixture is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the sparking voltage raising agent is citric acid;
the performance improver is ammonium maleate.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is p-nitrobenzoic acid.
The thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is 0.02mm, the length is 30mm, and the width is 15mm 5-x A x A = Mn, x =4. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). The electrolytic paper is made of the following materials: manila hemp (40% by mass) + spanish grass (60% by mass), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 7
Preparing electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 10 percent of solute, 80 percent of solvent and 10 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid and boric acid;
the solvent is a mixture of N, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone;
the mass percent of the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte is 9 percent, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 0.1 percent, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.87 percent; the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbent in the electrolyte is 0.03 percent.
The waterproof mixture is hypophosphorous acid;
the flash voltage booster is ammonium dichromate;
the performance improver is sorbitol.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is p-nitrobenzol.
The hydrogen storage alloy sheet has a net structure MmNi with a thickness of 0.02mm, a length of 30mm and a width of 15mm 5 And Mm is lanthanum. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). Electrolysis ofThe paper material is: manila hemp (40 mass%) + spanish grass (60 mass%), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, sequentially overlapping the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 8
Preparing electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 15 percent of solute, 84.69 percent of solvent and 0.31 percent of additive are mixed evenly.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid and ammonium succinate;
the solvent is a mixture of glycerol, mannitol, glycerol and N, N-dimethylformamide;
the mass percent of the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte is 0.1 percent, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 0.1 percent, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.1 percent; the mass percentage of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01 percent.
The waterproof agent is a mixture of hypophosphorous acid and ADP;
the flash voltage booster is a mixture of ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is a mixture of ethyl alcohol and alkyl phosphoric acid.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is a mixture of m-nitroacetophenone and p-nitrophenol.
The thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is 0.02mm, the length is 30mm, and the width is 15mm 2 A mixture of Ni. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). The electrolytic paper is made of the following materials: manila hemp (40% by mass) + spanish grass (60% by mass), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 9
Preparing electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 10 percent of solute, 75 percent of solvent and 15 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of sebacic acid and suberic acid;
the solvent is a mixture of propanol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol;
the mass percent of the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte is 2%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 3.9%, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 9%; the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbent in the electrolyte is 0.1 percent.
The waterproof agent is phosphoric acid;
the flash fire voltage booster is tartaric acid;
the performance improver is alkyl phosphoric acid.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is a mixture of p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and 2, 4-dinitrophenol.
The hydrogen storage alloy sheet has a net structure MmNi with a thickness of 0.02mm, a length of 30mm and a width of 15mm 5 And Mm is a mixture of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium. The anode adopts an anode foil for a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the withstand voltage value of 400V, and the cathode adopts a specific capacitance of 20 mu F/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). The electrolytic paper is made of the following materials: manila hemp (40% by mass) + spanish grass (60% by mass), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Example 10
Preparing an electrolyte: according to the mass percentage, 10 percent of solute, 87 percent of solvent and 3 percent of additive are evenly mixed.
Wherein the solute is a mixture of suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid and ammonium dodecanedioate;
the solvent is ultrapure water;
the mass percent of the waterproof mixture in the electrolyte is 1 percent, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver is 1 percent, and the mass percent of the performance improver in the electrolyte is 0.93 percent; the mass percentage of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.07 percent.
The waterproof agent is a mixture of phosphoric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the flash voltage booster is ammonium dichromate;
the performance improver is alkyl phosphoric acid.
The hydrogen absorbing agent is p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene.
The thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is 0.02mm, the length is 30mm, and the width is 15mm 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 A mixture of (a). The anode adopts anode foil with withstand voltage value of 10V for low-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the cathode adopts specific capacitance of 500 muF/cm 2 The cathode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of (1). The electrolytic paper is made of the following materials: manila hemp (40 mass%) + spanish grass (60 mass%), with a thickness of 40 μm.
Riveting the hydrogen storage alloy and the cathode sheet on a cathode lead-out wire together, then sequentially superposing the electrolytic paper 3, the cathode sheet 2, the hydrogen storage alloy sheet 4, the electrolytic paper 3 and the anode sheet 1 from bottom to top, then winding to form a winding core, and filling electrolyte into the winding core to manufacture the electrolytic capacitor.
Claims (4)
1. A method for reducing the working internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized in that electrolytic paper (3), a cathode sheet (2), a hydrogen storage alloy sheet (4), the electrolytic paper (3) and an anode sheet (1) are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, then winding is carried out to form a winding core, and electrolyte is filled in the winding core to form the aluminum electrolytic capacitor; wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrogen absorbing agent, and the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-0.05%; the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is one or more hydrogen storage alloy materials without hydrogen; the hydrogen absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and 2,4 dinitrophenol;
the thickness of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is not more than 0.03mm;
the width of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is the same as that of the cathode sheet, and the length of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is less than or equal to 1 percent of that of the cathode sheet;
the anode sheet is riveted on the anode pin, and the hydrogen storage alloy sheet and the cathode sheet are riveted on the cathode pin together;
the material of the hydrogen storage alloy sheet is MmNi 5 、TiNi、Ti 2 Ni、Mg 2 Ni、Mg 2 Cu and ZrMn 2 One or more of (a);
wherein Mm is one or more of rare earth elements of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises 5-20% by mass of solute, 70-90% by mass of solvent, and 0.31-15% by mass of additive containing hydrogen getter.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the solute is one or more of adipic acid, ammonium adipate, formic acid, ammonium formate, maleic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, succinic acid, ammonium succinate, sebacic acid, suberic acid, ammonium suberate, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and ammonium dodecanedioate;
the solvent is one or more of ultrapure water, propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerol, mannitol, glycerol, N-dimethylformamide, N-diethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and gamma-butyrolactone;
the additive comprises 0.1-9% of waterproof mixture, 0.1-9% of hydrogen absorption agent, 0.1-9% of flash voltage improver and 0.1-9% of performance improver.
4. The method for reducing the internal pressure of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor in operation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hypophosphorous acid;
the flash voltage booster is one or more of ethylene oxide, citric acid, ammonium dichromate and tartaric acid;
the performance improver is one or more of boron oxide, ammonium maleate, sorbitol, ethylene glycol and alkyl phosphoric acid.
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| CN101297383A (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2008-10-29 | 工程吸气公司 | Electrolytic capacitors comprising means in the form of a ultilayer polymeric sheet for the sorption of harmful substances |
| CN102438938A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-05-02 | 工程吸气公司 | Multilayer composite getter |
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| JP2772297B2 (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1998-07-02 | ジエルマックス株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| JPH0992584A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-04-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | Solution leakage preventing structure of electrolytic capacitor |
| WO2017208723A1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | 日東電工株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitor |
| CN108538590A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-14 | 苏州松控电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| JP7321451B2 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2023-08-07 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | Electrolytic capacitors and hydrogen storage alloys for electrolytic capacitors |
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| CN101297383A (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2008-10-29 | 工程吸气公司 | Electrolytic capacitors comprising means in the form of a ultilayer polymeric sheet for the sorption of harmful substances |
| CN102438938A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-05-02 | 工程吸气公司 | Multilayer composite getter |
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