CN113515815A - Topological optimization method of intelligent mini-bus top cover, top cover and intelligent mini-bus - Google Patents
Topological optimization method of intelligent mini-bus top cover, top cover and intelligent mini-bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN113515815A CN113515815A CN202110871245.1A CN202110871245A CN113515815A CN 113515815 A CN113515815 A CN 113515815A CN 202110871245 A CN202110871245 A CN 202110871245A CN 113515815 A CN113515815 A CN 113515815A
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- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/06—Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile body design, and discloses a topological optimization method of an intelligent mini-bus top cover, the top cover and an intelligent mini-bus. The topology optimization method comprises the following steps: establishing a finite element model of a body framework of the smart bus; selecting a top cover of a vehicle body framework as a design area; defining the working condition load on the boundary of a finite element model of the vehicle body framework; establishing a topological optimization analysis model according to a finite element model of the vehicle body framework after defining the working condition load; solving the topological optimization analysis model; determining an optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the solving result; and taking the determined optimal load transfer path on the top cover as a design basis of the top cover structure. The top cover is used as a design area, the integral rigidity value of the car body framework is used as a constraint variable, the mass minimization of the car body framework is used as an optimization target, the optimal load transfer path on the top cover is determined and used as a design basis of the top cover structure, the integral rigidity and the strength are not reduced, and the cruising mileage of a small bus is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile body design, in particular to a topological optimization method of an intelligent mini-bus top cover, the top cover and an intelligent mini-bus.
Background
The intelligent bus mainly refers to an electric bus carrying unmanned technology, the working area of the intelligent bus is relatively fixed and generally is a specific park or a specific road, the driving road condition of the intelligent bus is good, the speed is generally not too fast, the requirements on the overall rigidity and the strength of the intelligent bus are relatively low, and the intelligent bus is required to be light enough to improve the cruising mileage and the passenger carrying capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a topological optimization method for a roof of an intelligent mini-bus, which can improve the endurance mileage and passenger carrying capacity of the intelligent mini-bus under the condition of ensuring that the integral rigidity and strength of a vehicle body are not reduced.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
the topology optimization method of the intelligent mini-bus top cover comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element model of the body framework of the smart bus;
s2, selecting a top cover in the vehicle body framework as a design area;
s3, defining the working condition load on the boundary of the finite element model of the vehicle body framework;
s4, establishing a topological optimization analysis model according to the finite element model of the vehicle body framework after the working condition load is defined;
s5, solving the topological optimization analysis model;
s6, determining the optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the solving result of the topological optimization analysis model;
and S7, taking the determined optimal load transfer path on the top cover as the design basis of the top cover structure.
Optionally, after step S7, the method further includes the following steps:
and S8, performing performance verification on the body framework of the smart bus, and if the performance verification condition is not met, jumping to S3.
Optionally, in step S1, the basic grid is a quadrilateral grid, and nodes are processed at the joints of the profiles in the body frame.
Optionally, in step S2, the finite element model of the top cover is a hexahedron.
Alternatively, in step S4, the overall torsional rigidity of the vehicle body frame is set as a constraint variable, and the weight of the vehicle body frame is set as an optimization target.
Optionally, in step S6, an optimal load transfer path on the top cover is determined according to the density result equal-value domain map.
Optionally, in step S8, the performance verification includes modal analysis, torsional rigidity analysis of the vehicle body frame, bending rigidity analysis of the vehicle body frame, and fatigue strength verification of the vehicle body frame.
Alternatively, the calculation formula of the torsional rigidity of the vehicle body frame is:
Another object of the present invention is to provide a roof cover that improves the endurance mileage and passenger carrying capacity of an intelligent bus without reducing the overall rigidity and strength.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
providing a top cover obtained by the above topological optimization method of the intelligent mini-bus top cover, wherein the top cover comprises a first cross beam, a second cross beam, a third cross beam, a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, a first long inclined strut, a second long inclined strut, a first short inclined strut and a second short inclined strut;
the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam are sequentially arranged at intervals, the first vertical beam is connected to one ends of the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam, and the second vertical beam is connected to the other ends of the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam;
one end of the first long inclined strut is connected to one end of the first cross beam, the other end of the first long inclined strut is connected to the middle of the second cross beam, one end of the second long inclined strut is connected to the other end of the first cross beam, and the other end of the second long inclined strut is connected to the middle of the second cross beam;
one end of the first short inclined strut and one end of the second short inclined strut are connected to one third and two thirds positions of the third cross beam respectively, and the other end of the first short inclined strut and the other end of the second short inclined strut are connected to the middle of the second cross beam respectively.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent mini-bus, which can ensure its endurance mileage and passenger carrying capacity without reducing the overall rigidity and strength.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
there is provided a smart mini-bar comprising a cap as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the topological optimization method of the intelligent mini-bus top cover, the top cover and the intelligent mini-bus, provided by the invention, the topological optimization of the intelligent mini-bus body frame is completed by establishing a finite element model of the body frame of the intelligent mini-bus, taking the top cover as a design area, taking the integral rigidity value of the body frame as a constraint variable, taking the mass minimization of the body frame as an optimization target, and determining the optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the solution result of the topological optimization analysis model, so that the endurance mileage and the passenger carrying capacity of the intelligent mini-bus are improved under the condition of ensuring that the integral rigidity and strength of a vehicle body are not reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a topology optimization method for an intelligent mini-bus top cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover (after topology optimization) of the smart mini-bus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle body framework (after topology optimization) of the smart bus provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
001. a first vertical beam; 002. a second vertical beam; 003. a third cross member; 004. a second cross member; 005. a first cross member; 006. a first long diagonal brace; 007. a second long diagonal brace; 008. a first short diagonal brace; 009. a second short diagonal brace;
021. a first profile; 022. a second profile; 023. a third section bar; 024. a fourth section bar; 025. a fifth section bar; 026. and a sixth profile.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment provides a topological optimization method of an intelligent mini bus top cover, the top cover structure of the intelligent mini bus is designed according to the method, and the weight of the top cover is effectively reduced on the premise of not reducing the rigidity and the strength of a vehicle body, so that the cruising mileage and the passenger carrying capacity of the intelligent mini bus are improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the topology optimization method for the smart mini-bus top cover of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
and S1, establishing a finite element model of the body framework of the smart bus.
Specifically, the vehicle body framework comprises a floor, a front wall, a rear wall, side walls and a top cover. The front wall is connected to the front end of the floor. The rear wall is connected to the rear end of the floor. The side wall is arranged on the side part of the floor. The lower end of the side wall is connected with the floor. The front end of the side wall is connected with the front wall. The back end of the side wall is connected with the back wall. The front wall and the rear wall support the top cover from the front end and the rear end respectively.
When the grid is divided, the basic grid can adopt a quadrilateral grid. The quadrilateral grids can be 6mm-10mm, so that the division precision is ensured. Illustratively, the quadrilateral mesh is 8 mm. The joint of each section in the vehicle body framework adopts a node-to-node processing mode, so that the simulation precision is improved. And (4) performing washer processing on the bolt holes according to bolt compression positions.
And S2, selecting the top cover in the vehicle body framework as a design area.
The top cover is a design area, namely an area for topology optimization. The front wall, the rear wall, the floor and the side wall are non-design areas. Illustratively, the finite element model of the cap is a hexahedron, forming a topologically optimized finite element model. Specifically, the finite element model of the top cover is a plate-shaped hexahedron.
And S3, defining the working condition load on the boundary of the finite element model of the vehicle body framework.
And S4, establishing a topological optimization analysis model according to the finite element model of the vehicle body framework after the working condition load is defined.
The overall torsional rigidity of the vehicle body framework is used as a constraint variable, and the weight of the vehicle body framework is used as an optimization target.
And S5, solving the topological optimization analysis model.
And taking the integral torsional rigidity of the vehicle body framework as a constraint variable, namely the integral rigidity value of the vehicle body framework after topological optimization cannot be lower than a target value. The target value may be defined in terms of the actual operating conditions of the smart bus.
The weight of the vehicle body framework is taken as an optimization target, the minimization of the mass is sought, namely, the minimum value of the mass is solved on the premise that the integral rigidity performance of the vehicle body framework is not reduced.
And S6, determining the optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the solution result of the topological optimization analysis model.
And determining the optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the density result equal value domain graph. Set to 0.2 and the result is output in iges format.
And S7, taking the determined optimal load transfer path on the top cover as the design basis of the top cover structure.
And according to the geometric data output by the density result isopleth chart, the structural design of the top cover is carried out again, and the designed top cover structure is the optimal transmission route according to the load transmission path.
And S8, performing performance verification on the body framework of the smart bus, and if the performance verification condition is not met, jumping to S3.
The performance verification comprises modal analysis, torsional rigidity analysis of the vehicle body framework, bending rigidity analysis of the vehicle body framework and fatigue strength verification of the vehicle body framework. Wherein the mode is a free mode. The calculation formula of the torsional rigidity of the vehicle body framework is as follows:
After modal analysis, torsional rigidity analysis, bending rigidity analysis and fatigue strength verification, if the verification conditions are met, locking the structural scheme of the top cover, if the verification conditions are not met, jumping to S3, and optimizing the structure of the top cover again until all the verification conditions are met.
According to the method, the finite element model of the body framework of the intelligent mini-bus is established, the top cover is used as a design area, the overall rigidity value of the body framework is used as a constraint variable, the mass minimization of the body framework is used as an optimization target, the topological optimization of the body framework of the intelligent mini-bus is completed, the optimal load transfer path on the top cover is determined according to the solving result of the topological optimization analysis model, and the optimal load transfer path is used as the design basis of the structure of the top cover, so that the endurance mileage and the passenger carrying capacity of the intelligent mini-bus are improved under the condition that the overall rigidity and strength of the body are not reduced.
The embodiment also provides a top cover, and the structure of the top cover is obtained based on the topology optimization method of the intelligent minibus top cover. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, specifically, the top cover includes a first cross member 005, a second cross member 004, a third cross member 003, a first upright member 001, a second upright member 002, a first long sprag 006, a second long sprag 007, a first short sprag 008, and a second short sprag 009. First crossbeam 005, second crossbeam 004 and third crossbeam 003 interval in proper order and set up, and first upright roof beam 001 is connected in the one end of first crossbeam 005, second crossbeam 004 and third crossbeam 003, and the second is found roof beam 002 and is connected in the other end of first crossbeam 005, second crossbeam 004 and third crossbeam 003. The first cross beam 005, the second cross beam 004, the third cross beam 003, the first vertical beam 001 and the second vertical beam 002 enclose two rectangular frames. The first and second long sprags 006 and 007 are connected in one rectangular frame, and the first and second short sprags 008 and 009 are connected in the other rectangular frame. Specifically, one end of the first long diagonal brace 006 is connected to one end of the first cross beam 005, the other end of the first long diagonal brace 006 is connected to the middle of the second cross beam 004, one end of the second long diagonal brace 007 is connected to the other end of the first cross beam 005, and the other end of the second long diagonal brace 007 is connected to the middle of the second cross beam 004. One end of the first short inclined strut 008 and one end of the second short inclined strut 009 are connected to one-third and two-thirds positions of the third cross beam 003, respectively, and the other end of the first short inclined strut 008 and the other end of the second short inclined strut 009 are connected to the middle of the second cross beam 004, respectively.
Optionally, the cross beam, the vertical beam and the diagonal brace are connected by welding. The cross beam, the vertical beam and the inclined strut are all made of sectional materials. The welding process distance is maintained between the first long inclined strut 006 and the first vertical beam 001. And a welding process distance is kept between the second long inclined strut 007 and the second vertical beam 002.
The first vertical beam 001 is connected to the front wall by a first profile 021, a second profile 022 and a third profile 023. The second vertical beam 002 is connected with the rear wall through a fourth section bar 024, a fifth section bar 025 and a sixth section bar 026.
The embodiment also provides an intelligent small bus, which comprises the top cover. The roof serves as a part of the body frame of the smart bus. The vehicle body framework of the intelligent bus further comprises a floor, a front wall, a rear wall and side walls. The front wall is connected to the front end of the floor. The rear wall is connected to the rear end of the floor. The side wall is arranged on the side part of the floor. The lower end of the side wall is connected with the floor. The front end of the side wall is connected with the front wall. The back end of the side wall is connected with the back wall. The front wall and the rear wall support the top cover from the front end and the rear end respectively. And a covering piece is further installed outside the vehicle body framework to form an outer shell of the intelligent bus.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A topology optimization method of an intelligent mini-bus top cover is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element model of the body framework of the smart bus;
s2, selecting a top cover in the vehicle body framework as a design area;
s3, defining the working condition load on the boundary of the finite element model of the vehicle body framework;
s4, establishing a topological optimization analysis model according to the finite element model of the vehicle body framework after the working condition load is defined;
s5, solving the topological optimization analysis model;
s6, determining the optimal load transfer path on the top cover according to the solving result of the topological optimization analysis model;
and S7, taking the determined optimal load transfer path on the top cover as the design basis of the top cover structure.
2. The topology optimization method of smart chin top cover according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps after step S7:
and S8, performing performance verification on the body framework of the smart bus, and if the performance verification condition is not met, jumping to S3.
3. The topology optimization method of an intelligent mini-bus roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the basic grid is a quadrilateral grid, and nodes are processed at each section joint in the car body framework.
4. The topology optimization method of smart chin top cover according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the finite element model of the top cover is hexahedron.
5. The topology optimization method of an intelligent mini-bus roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the overall torsional rigidity of the vehicle body frame is used as a constraint variable, and the weight of the vehicle body frame is used as an optimization target.
6. The topology optimization method of smart chin top cover according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the optimal load transfer path on the top cover is determined according to the density result equal threshold domain map.
7. The topology optimization method of the smart mini-bus roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S8, the performance verification includes modal analysis, torsional rigidity analysis of the vehicle body frame, bending rigidity analysis of the vehicle body frame and fatigue strength verification of the vehicle body frame.
8. The topological optimization method of the smart mini-bus roof as claimed in claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the torsional rigidity of the vehicle body framework is as follows:
9. A roof, characterized in that it is obtained by the method of topology optimization of an intelligent small bus roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, said roof comprising a first beam, a second beam, a third beam, a first upright beam, a second upright beam, a first long diagonal brace, a second long diagonal brace, a first short diagonal brace and a second short diagonal brace;
the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam are sequentially arranged at intervals, the first vertical beam is connected to one ends of the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam, and the second vertical beam is connected to the other ends of the first cross beam, the second cross beam and the third cross beam;
one end of the first long inclined strut is connected to one end of the first cross beam, the other end of the first long inclined strut is connected to the middle of the second cross beam, one end of the second long inclined strut is connected to the other end of the first cross beam, and the other end of the second long inclined strut is connected to the middle of the second cross beam;
one end of the first short inclined strut and one end of the second short inclined strut are connected to one third and two thirds positions of the third cross beam respectively, and the other end of the first short inclined strut and the other end of the second short inclined strut are connected to the middle of the second cross beam respectively.
10. A smart mini-bar comprising the header of claim 9.
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