CN107832570A - Body structure lightweight optimization method - Google Patents
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- CN107832570A CN107832570A CN201711342396.8A CN201711342396A CN107832570A CN 107832570 A CN107832570 A CN 107832570A CN 201711342396 A CN201711342396 A CN 201711342396A CN 107832570 A CN107832570 A CN 107832570A
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- G06F2111/06—Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of body structure lightweight optimization method, comprise the following steps:Step A, lightweight target making;Step B, vehicle body topological optimization;Step C. body structure topography optimizations;Step D. body dimensions and shape optimum;Step E. body performances are verified.The present invention analyzes the bang path and primary load bearing structure of each load working condition by Global Topological and local topological method, so as to obtain the most rational position of main load part in conceptual phase.In detailed design phase, for the most rational thickness of part, the most rational cross sectional shape of girder construction and the most rational reinforcement arrangement of sheet metal component, dimensionally-optimised and topography optimization method is respectively adopted to realize.The present invention makes design vehicle body on the premise of performance requirement is met, being capable of the significant increase competitiveness of stock utilization and product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to auto NVH technology, and in particular to a kind of body structure lightweight optimization method.
Background technology
The development of automotive development technology makes the competition between car enterprise more and more fierce.How to be opened in the shortening R&D cycle with reduction
Reach the new challenge that performance objective faces as Chinese Autonomous Vehicles enterprise while sending out cost.With the progress of simulating developer technology,
Effects of the CAE in solving the above problems is more and more significant.According to the characteristics of each structural optimization method, in vehicle body positive development mistake
Each optimization method of integrated use realizes that body lightening becomes more and more important in journey.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of body structure lightweight optimization method, design vehicle body is set to meet performance requirement
On the premise of, can the significant increase competitiveness of stock utilization and product.
Body structure lightweight optimization method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step A, lightweight target making
According to vehicle properties goal-setting body lightening target;
Step B, vehicle body topological optimization
Foundation structure, CAS faces with reference to Design vehicle(The preliminary moulding face of automobile)Design and inner space define building topology
Optimize Car body model, create design space, after design space is created, determined based on the step A body lightening targets formulated
Adopted topological optimization parameter, topological optimization solution is carried out after topological optimization parameter setting is complete, obtain the general frame topology of vehicle body
Optimize structure, body structure design is instructed according to body structure topological optimization result, obtains developing the detailed car of vehicle
Body structure model;
Step C. body structure topography optimizations
Based on detailed body structure model, topography optimization model is established for the part or structure for having needed muscle optimization, according to
Performance requirement and load working condition set the constraints and target of topography optimization, according to the result optimizing vehicle body knot after topography optimization
Structure;
Step D. body dimensions and shape optimum
The size and dimension Optimized model of vehicle body is established based on load working condition and performance objective, design variable is part material thickness, beam
Feature cross-section attribute and form parameter, according to the result optimizing body structure after body dimensions and shape optimum;
Step E. body performances are verified
The body structure obtained to step D carries out comprehensive body performance checking, if body performance or lightweight target are below standard,
Then return to step B, until body performance and lightweight target are up to standard.
Further, in the step A, the body lightening target includes the every structural behaviour index and vehicle body of vehicle body
Quality;
The structural behaviour index includes body stiffness, mode and collision performance.
Further, in the step B:The design space is by closing original geometry or finite element grid, being formed
Volume mesh unit;The design space of vehicle body topological optimization is floor, column and top cover.
Further, in the step B:The load working condition of the topological optimization parameter including topological optimization, topological optimization
Constraints and target;
The load working condition of topological optimization is the load for being related to globality structure arrangement of overall importance, and it includes rigidity of overall importance and carried
Lotus, modal frequency and impact load;
The target of topological optimization is that weighted frequency minimizes, and constraint is volume fraction and torsional bending rigidity desired value.
Manufacturing process is set to constrain design space, including member's size Control, the demoulding, modal sets and pattern repeat.
Further, in the step C:
The target of topography optimization is the minimum value or maximum of setting receptance function;
The constraints of topography optimization is the shift value and modal frequency value of rigidity.
First pass through sensitivity in the step D, before dimensionally-optimised and shape optimum has crucial shadow to distinguish to a certain performance
Loud part;Optimization efficiency can be effectively lifted, while mitigates the quality of muting sensitivity part, reaches light-weighted purpose.
Further, in the step D, body dimensions optimization refers to the thick optimization of part material, and the target of the thick optimization of part material is excellent
The quality for changing part is minimum, and constraints is the body stiffness value and mode value set in body performance target.
Further, in the step D, the target of the shape optimum is minimum for the quality in optimization region, and constraints is
Vehicle body or local stiffness and mode value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:This method runs through the whole flow process of vehicle body positive development.Since conceptual phase,
The vehicle body load transfer path under each load working condition is obtained by topological optimization, it is most reasonable so as to obtain the main load part of vehicle body
Arrangement.In detailed design phase, integrated use topography optimization, dimensionally-optimised and shape optimum technology, vehicle body metal plate is obtained
Golden part most rational reinforcement arrangement shape, the most rational cross sectional shape of girder construction, the thick size of material and the distribution of vehicle body solder joint etc..
During Vehicle Body Development, this method can make design vehicle body on the premise of performance requirement is met, greatly improve material profit
With rate and the competitiveness of product.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Body structure lightweight optimization method as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
Step A, lightweight target making
The premise of lightweight target making is vehicle performance target making.With reference to knowing the real situation point for competition vehicle and Yuanping City's bogie type
Analysis, body lightening target is obtained by vehicle properties goal decomposition;The body lightening target includes the items of vehicle body
Structural behaviour index(Body stiffness, mode and collision performance)And body quality(That is loss of weight target).
Step B, vehicle body topological optimization
Foundation structure, CAS faces with reference to Design vehicle(That is the preliminary moulding face of automobile)Design and inner space define foundation and opened up
Flutter optimization Car body model.Design space is created, design space is formed generally by original geometry or finite element grid is closed
Volume mesh unit.The design space of vehicle body topological optimization is the regions such as floor, column and top cover.After design space is created,
The body lightening object definition topological optimization parameter formulated based on step A(Topology in Optimization panels
(Chinese:Topology, functional interpretation:Topological panel allows user to set up and define topological optimization)Define topological optimization ginseng
Number).Topological optimization solution is carried out after topological optimization parameter setting is complete, obtains the general frame topological optimization structure of vehicle body, root
Body structure design is instructed according to body structure topological optimization result, obtains developing the detailed body structure model of vehicle.
In the present embodiment, topological optimization parameter includes the load working condition of topological optimization, the constraints and mesh of topological optimization
Mark.The load working condition of topological optimization is directed primarily to the load of globality structure arrangement of overall importance, such as:Rigidity of overall importance
Load(Torsional rigidity, bending stiffness etc.), modal frequency and impact load etc..The target of topological optimization is weighted frequency minimum
Change, constraint is usually volume fraction(Typically 0.3 or so)With torsional bending rigidity desired value.
Consider the symmetry and feasibility of structure, set manufacturing process to constrain design space, including member's size Control,
The demoulding, modal sets(It is various symmetrical)With pattern repeat etc..
In the design that the topological optimization result of conceptual phase is used to instruct body structure framework and important force transferring part,
Obtain developing the vehicle first round detailed body structure scheme.
Step C. body structure topography optimizations
Based on detailed body structure model, topography optimization model is established for the part or structure for having needed muscle optimization, according to
Performance requirement and load working condition set the constraints and target of topography optimization, according to the result optimizing vehicle body knot after topography optimization
Structure.Wherein:The load working condition of topography optimization is relevant with design variable.Car is generally with the global performance-relevant load working condition of vehicle body
Body bending rigidity, body mode etc..The local load working condition for playing muscle optimization is usually local mode, local mount point rigidity etc..
The load working condition that closure member inner panel plays muscle optimization is generally mount point rigidity on closure member mode and inner panel.The target of topography optimization
To set the minimum value or maximum of receptance function.The constraints of topography optimization is the shift value and modal frequency of rigidity
Value.Consider technological feasibility, the formation of topography optimization reinforcement is by the Variable Control that sets.Definition such as rib parameter includes rib width
(Bead Width), rise the angle of rib(Draw Angle)And buffering area(Buffer Zone).Symmetry constraint is defined with modal sets.
Analysis result after topography optimization can pass through OSSmooth instruments(Chinese:Extract optimum results, functional interpretation:Extraction
Optimum results panel allows user to be extracted from optimization program Optistruct, topological optimization, topography optimization and shape optimum result
Final design geometric figure is into hypermesh with input)Generation geometric data is input in CAD software, carries out secondary set
Meter.
Step D. body dimensions and shape optimum
The size and dimension Optimized model of vehicle body is established based on load working condition and performance objective, design variable is part material thickness, beam
Feature cross-section attribute and form parameter, according to the result optimizing body structure after body dimensions and shape optimum.It is dimensionally-optimised
The part for having crucial effect to a certain performance is distinguished with sensitivity is first passed through before shape optimum.Optimization efficiency can be effectively lifted,
Mitigate the quality of muting sensitivity part simultaneously, reach light-weighted purpose.
Body dimensions optimization refers to the thick optimization of part material, and the design variable for expecting thick optimization is the thickness of part.Load working condition is
Global operating mode, such as vehicle body flexion torsion rigidity, body mode etc..The target of the thick optimization of part material is that the quality for optimizing part is
Minimum, constraints are the body stiffness value and mode value set in body performance target.Part thickness becomes for discrete design
Amount, it is necessary to define the design variable value of DESVAR cards using DDVAL cards in OptiStruct softwares.
The design variable of shape optimum is the form parameter of structure.The generation of variable and the establishment of corresponding DVGRID cards
Realized by HyperMorph softwares.In Shape panels(Chinese:Shape, functional interpretation:Shaped panel allows user to enter
Row shape optimum)It is middle that shape design variable is related to configuration variable, then optimize defined in Optimization softwares and set
Meter constraint and target, finally optimize solution in OptiStruct softwares.The target of the shape optimum is optimization region
Quality it is minimum, constraints is vehicle body or local stiffness and mode value.
Step E. body performances are verified
The body structure obtained to step D carries out comprehensive body performance checking, if body performance or lightweight target are below standard,
Then return to step B, until body performance and lightweight target are up to standard.
So far, mechanical development flow can be achieved in this present invention(Conceptual design-detailed design-performance verification)All standing.This
Invention analyzes bang path and the master of each load working condition by Global Topological and local topological method in conceptual phase
Bearing structure is wanted, so as to obtain the most rational position of main load part.It is most reasonable for part in detailed design phase
Thickness, the most rational cross sectional shape of girder construction and the most rational reinforcement arrangement of sheet metal component, size is respectively adopted
Optimize with topography optimization method to realize.The present invention makes design vehicle body on the premise of performance requirement is met, being capable of significant increase
The competitiveness of stock utilization and product.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of body structure lightweight optimization method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step A, lightweight target making
According to vehicle properties goal-setting body lightening target;
Step B, vehicle body topological optimization
Foundation structure, the design of CAS faces and inner space with reference to Design vehicle define building topology optimization Car body model, create
Design space, after design space is created, based on step A formulate body lightening object definition topological optimization parameter,
Topological optimization solution is carried out after topological optimization parameter setting is complete, the general frame topological optimization structure of vehicle body is obtained, according to vehicle body
Structural Topology Optimization result is instructed body structure design, obtains developing the detailed body structure model of vehicle;
Step C. body structure topography optimizations
Based on detailed body structure model, topography optimization model is established for the part or structure for having needed muscle optimization, according to
Performance requirement and load working condition set the constraints and target of topography optimization, according to the result optimizing vehicle body knot after topography optimization
Structure;
Step D. body dimensions and shape optimum
The size and dimension Optimized model of vehicle body is established based on load working condition and performance objective, design variable is part material thickness, beam
Feature cross-section attribute and form parameter, according to the result optimizing body structure after body dimensions and shape optimum;
Step E. body performances are verified
The body structure obtained to step D carries out comprehensive body performance checking, if body performance or lightweight target are below standard,
Then return to step B, until body performance and lightweight target are up to standard.
2. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the step A, the car
Body lightweight target includes the every structural behaviour index and body quality of vehicle body;
The structural behaviour index includes body stiffness, mode and collision performance.
3. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:In the step B:Institute
It is by closing original geometry or finite element grid, forming volume mesh unit to state design space;The design of vehicle body topological optimization
Space is floor, column and top cover.
4. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:In the step B:It is described to open up
Flutterring Optimal Parameters includes the load working condition of topological optimization, the constraints and target of topological optimization;
The load working condition of topological optimization is the load for being related to globality structure arrangement of overall importance, and it includes rigidity of overall importance and carried
Lotus, modal frequency and impact load;
The target of topological optimization is that weighted frequency minimizes, and constraint is volume fraction and torsional bending rigidity desired value.
5. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:In the step B:To design
Space sets manufacturing process to constrain, including member's size Control, the demoulding, modal sets and pattern repeat.
6. the body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that:The step C
In:
The target of topography optimization is the minimum value or maximum of setting receptance function;
The constraints of topography optimization is the shift value and modal frequency value of rigidity.
7. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:In the step D, size is excellent
Change and first pass through sensitivity before shape optimum to distinguish the part for having crucial effect to a certain performance.
8. the body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 7, it is characterised in that:The step
Suddenly in D, body dimensions, which optimize, refers to part material thickness optimization, and the target that part material thickness optimizes is that the quality of optimization part is minimum, about
Beam condition is the body stiffness value and mode value set in body performance target.
9. body structure lightweight optimization method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:In the step D, the shape
The target of shape optimization is minimum for the quality in optimization region, and constraints is vehicle body or local stiffness and mode value.
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