CN113510858B

CN113510858B - Automatic rotary rolling cage tool for special-shaped closed deep-cavity antenna housing and using method

Info

Publication number: CN113510858B
Application number: CN202110559849.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋楠; 肖波; 徐亮; 陈旭辉; 杨云华; 王金明; 王新永; 王凯; 韩军; 王松; 严伟容; 姚先周
Original assignee: Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Current assignee: Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Priority date: 2021-05-21
Filing date: 2021-05-21
Publication date: 2023-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-21
Also published as: CN113510858A

Abstract

An automatic rotating tool for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome comprises a bottom plate, a pitching support shaft left bearing seat, a pitching support shaft right bearing seat, a left pitching angle adjusting assembly, a right pitching angle adjusting assembly, a cradle assembly, a rolling cage rotating servo motor, a centering and aligning assembly, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a limiting baffle. The invention designs a special rotary rolling cage type tool aiming at the characteristics of complex inner and outer molded surfaces, large taper and difficult reference determination of a special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing, and mainly solves the following problems: aiming at long alignment time, multiple repeated work and long use time; aiming at the problems that the original tool profile is not tightly attached, the manual operation is more, and the product is easy to deform; aiming at the problem that the multi-angle adjustment and detection of the product are difficult to control and the ideal alignment requirement is not easy to achieve; aiming at the problems that the original tool of the product has more manual operations, low automation degree and fussy alignment and adjustment; the problem of potential product deformation caused by uneven pressing force of the product in the machining process is solved.

Description

Automatic rotary rolling cage tool for special-shaped closed deep-cavity antenna housing and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic rotary rolling cage tool for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome and a using method thereof, in particular to a high-precision angular rotation and deformation-preventing pressing method for a ceramic material special-shaped closed deep-cavity structural member, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic material machining.

Background

The antenna housing is an important functional structural member for protecting the normal work of the seeker antenna in a severe environment, is a complete warhead section, and plays important roles of high-temperature wave transmission, heat protection, heat insulation and the like. The special-shaped closed deep cavity structure antenna housing generally adopts a quartz fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, and the defects of edge breakage, cracks and the like are easy to occur in processing due to the high brittleness, high hardness and high wear resistance of the ceramic material. The special-shaped radome is a complex curved surface thin-wall structural member, the depth of an inner cavity of the special-shaped radome is large, closed and narrow, the length-diameter ratio of the special-shaped radome is generally greater than 2:1, and the special-shaped radome does not have an accurate positioning datum plane and a reliable clamping profile, and affects the processing precision of products, and the main processing difficulties are as follows:

(1) Traditional diaxon processing equipment of turning, grinding only is applicable to solid of revolution antenna house processing, can't satisfy the high-accuracy processing requirement of heterotypic complex construction antenna house, and especially the inner chamber degree of depth is big, seal, narrow, and hoop and axial all have thickness variation, need reform transform current equipment according to product structure.

(2) The high brittleness, high hardness and high wear resistance of the quartz fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite have higher requirements on a cutter used for processing, have higher size and shape precision and simultaneously have higher wear resistance, and can meet the continuous processing requirement of large-size complex molded surfaces.

(3) The lengthened grinding device, the fixture clamping, the datum plane transmission, the cutter and the measuring links can all affect the processing progress of the product in the processing process, and each single-factor error source has certain fluctuation along with different processing working conditions. Therefore, the product tool needs to be optimized and modified, the vibration, deformation and incomplete positioning and tedious and time-consuming adjustment and alignment of the tool are reduced, the influence on the whole processing period and the product quality is reduced, and the product quality is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems that: the method and the device can effectively solve the problems of large deformation, difficulty in determining a positioning reference and difficulty in ensuring the machining precision in the workpiece machining process, and can realize the precise machining of the large-scale closed deep-cavity antenna housing, thereby providing important guarantee for the development and production of aircrafts of key series models.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

an automatic rotary rolling cage tool for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome comprises a bottom plate, a left pitching support shaft bearing seat, a right pitching support shaft bearing seat, a left pitching angle adjusting assembly, a right pitching angle adjusting assembly, a cradle assembly, a rolling cage rotary servo motor, a centering and aligning assembly, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a limit baffle;

the pitching support shaft left bearing seat, the pitching support shaft right bearing seat, the left pitching angle adjusting assembly and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly are all arranged on the bottom plate to form a base assembly which is used as the basis of the whole tool; the cradle assembly is mounted on the base assembly, the large end of the cradle assembly is supported and supported by the left bearing seat of the pitching support shaft and the right bearing seat of the pitching support shaft, and the small end of the cradle assembly is supported and supported by the left pitching angle adjusting assembly and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly; the cradle component is controlled by the left pitching angle adjusting component and the right pitching angle adjusting component to realize pitching angle adjustment rotating around the support shaft at the large end of the cradle component, namely arc rotation movement;

the rolling cage assembly and the rolling cage rotating servo motor are arranged on the cradle assembly, and the rolling cage assembly rotates around an axis and is turned over by 180 degrees to adjust the surface under the driving of the rolling cage rotating servo motor;

the centering and aligning component is arranged on the bottom plate and is matched with the left pitching angle adjusting component, the right pitching angle adjusting component, the cradle component and the rolling cage component to realize the quick alignment of the product;

the PLC is arranged on the shell of the left pitching angle adjusting assembly far away from the product direction and controls the angle adjusting action required by the automatic rotating tool;

the limiting baffle plates are arranged on the cradle assembly, and the positions on the windward side and the leeward side of the cradle assembly are respectively provided with one limiting baffle plate and are arranged after the alignment and adjustment of the product are finished, so that the product is prevented from sliding towards the direction of the big end.

Furthermore, when the pitching angle is adjusted, the cradle component and the rolling cage component move integrally, the small end of the rolling cage component moves along the vertical direction, and correspondingly, the large end of the rolling cage component is a rotating shaft and rotates to jointly complete pitching adjustment.

Furthermore, the left pitching angle adjusting assembly and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly have the same structure and respectively comprise a base, a pitching angle seat, a vertical linear rail, a sliding block, a supporting plate, an angle compensation linear rail, a bearing seat sliding block, a transmission lead screw and a pitching angle servo motor;

the cradle comprises a base, a pitching angle seat, a vertical linear rail, a supporting plate, an angle compensation linear rail and a bearing seat sliding block, wherein the base is arranged on a bottom plate, the pitching angle seat is arranged on the top surface of the base, the vertical linear rail is arranged on the inner side wall of the base and is used for guiding and positioning the sliding block when the sliding block slides up and down, the supporting plate is arranged on the side, close to a product, of the sliding block, the angle compensation linear rail and the bearing seat sliding block are arranged on the supporting plate, and the vertical linear motion of the sliding block is converted into interference formed by arc rotation motion of a cradle component when the pitching angle is compensated and adjusted; the transmission screw rod is matched with the sliding block to transmit power, and the sliding block is driven by the pitching angle servo motor to vertically reciprocate.

Further, the cradle assembly comprises a cradle bottom plate, a cradle large-end side plate, a cradle small-end side plate, a left roller supporting column, a right roller supporting column, a left compensating shaft base, a left compensating shaft, a right compensating shaft base, a right compensating shaft, a limiting adjusting slide block, a nut, a rolling cage fastening bolt, a left supporting shaft and a right supporting shaft; a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole is arranged on the side plate at the small end of the cradle;

the cradle large-end side plate and the cradle small-end side plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the cradle bottom plate, and the cradle bottom plate, the cradle large-end side plate and the cradle small-end side plate are welded into an integral assembly; the cradle bottom plate is provided with a left roller supporting column and a right roller supporting column which are close to the side plate of the large end of the cradle, the left roller supporting column and the right roller supporting column are used for supporting the rolling cage assembly, and meanwhile, the concentricity of the rolling cage assembly relative to the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole on the side plate of the small end of the cradle is adjusted by adjusting the extending lengths of the left roller supporting column and the right roller supporting column, so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

the cradle bottom plate is provided with a left compensation shaft base, a left compensation shaft, a right compensation shaft base and a right compensation shaft close to the side plate of the small end of the cradle, and the left compensation shaft base, the left compensation shaft, the right compensation shaft base and the right compensation shaft are in pairwise interference fit and are used for being assembled and matched with an angle compensation linear rail and a bearing seat sliding block of the pitch angle adjusting assembly, so that the cradle assembly is supported and fixed, and the angle interference compensation of linear conversion arc motion in the pitch angle adjusting process of the cradle assembly is realized;

the cradle is characterized in that a limit adjusting slider, a nut and a rolling cage fastening bolt are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the side plate at the large end of the cradle in a set, the external thread of the limit adjusting slider is matched with a corresponding threaded hole on the side plate at the large end of the cradle, and the limit adjusting slider is locked and fixed by the nut after adjustment is finished and is used for assisting in adjusting the axial clearance of the rolling cage assembly and ensuring zero displacement of the rolling cage assembly during rotation; after the rolling cage assembly rotates to the position, the rolling cage is locked by a rolling cage fastening bolt, so that the rolling cage assembly is prevented from vibrating and shifting;

a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole is arranged on the side plate of the cradle small end, a bearing is arranged in the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole to position the rolling cage assembly, and axial thrust bearings are arranged on two sides of the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole to prevent the rolling cage assembly from generating displacement; the rolling cage rotating servo motor is arranged on the side plate at the small end of the cradle and is used for driving the rolling cage assembly to rotate.

Further, the roller cage assembly comprises: the device comprises longitudinal beams, a small end support shaft, a leeward side pressing plate, a windward side pressing plate, a product support stud, a leeward side rotating bracket and a windward side rotating bracket;

the longitudinal beam is a V-shaped part with a large opening and a small bottom, and a small end support shaft is arranged on the small end surface of the longitudinal beam and used for supporting and positioning the rolling cage assembly; the leeward side pressure plate and the windward side pressure plate are respectively arranged on the longitudinal beam in an upper part and a lower part and are used for fixing products, and simultaneously are used as a supporting structure of the rolling cage assembly to strengthen the structural strength of the longitudinal beam; the rolling cage assembly is made into a complete integral structure; the leeward pressing plate and the windward pressing plate are provided with a plurality of product supporting studs for supporting the products in a suspended manner in the inner cavity of the rolling cage.

Furthermore, the leeward side rotating bracket and the windward side rotating bracket are arranged on the molded surface of the corresponding pressure plate far away from the axis direction of the rolling cage assembly, and partial end surfaces of the leeward side rotating bracket and the windward side rotating bracket are positioned in a contact manner with the longitudinal beam; when the device is used, when the leeward side is at an upper station, the windward side rotating support is supported and positioned below, the leeward side rotating support is disassembled, the leeward side pressing plate is exposed, and the device is used for processing products, and the same operation is carried out during face adjustment.

Furthermore, the centering and aligning assembly comprises a centering base, a fixed seat, a first support, a second support, a third support, a fourth support, a large end centering assembly, a small end centering assembly, a large end adjusting wrench and a small end adjusting wrench;

when the centering and aligning assembly is used, the centering base is arranged at a corresponding position of the bottom plate, accurate positioning is ensured through the positioning pin, and the centering and aligning assembly is detached after use;

the fixed seat is arranged on the centering base, and the positioning precision is ensured through the positioning pin; the first bracket, the second bracket, the third bracket and the fourth bracket are sequentially assembled into an integral structural part to be installed on the fixed seat; the integral structural part is of a hollow round table-shaped structure, the fourth support is a small end, and the diameter of the second support is larger than that of the fourth support; a large end centering assembly is arranged in the second support, and a small end centering assembly is arranged in the fourth support;

the large-end centering assembly comprises a horizontal spiral fluted disc, a vertical spiral fluted disc, a first horizontal clamping jaw, a second horizontal clamping jaw, a first vertical clamping jaw, a second vertical clamping jaw, a horizontal smooth groove disc and a vertical smooth groove disc; the structure composition of the small end centering assembly is the same as that of the large end centering assembly;

when the device works, the large-end adjusting wrench is used for rotating the horizontal spiral fluted disc to drive the first horizontal clamping jaw and the second horizontal clamping jaw to synchronously extend and retract in the horizontal direction in the guide groove of the horizontal sliding groove disc to support the left and right molded surfaces of a product; rotating the vertical spiral fluted disc by using a large-end adjusting wrench to drive the first vertical clamping jaw and the second vertical clamping jaw to synchronously extend and retract in the vertical direction in the guide groove of the vertical sliding groove disc to support the profile of the product in the vertical direction;

the central lines of the big end centering assembly and the small end centering assembly are not coaxial, the small end adjusting wrench is of a flexible shaft structure, and when the small end centering assembly works, certain strokes and limiting structures are reserved at two ends of the adjusting fluted disc respectively, so that the small end adjusting wrench and two fluted disc torque transmission matching parts are interchanged to be controlled on the premise that the small end adjusting wrench is not pulled out.

Furthermore, when the automatic rotating tool adjusts the pitch angle, servo motors of the left pitch angle adjusting assembly and the right pitch angle adjusting assembly synchronously start to work under the control of the PLC controller, drive the transmission screw rod to rotate, drive the sliding block, the supporting plate, the angle compensation linear rail and the bearing seat sliding block which are arranged on the sliding block to integrally slide up and down, and drive the small end of the cradle assembly to realize rotating motion;

the bearing seat sliding block of the right pitching angle adjusting assembly is connected with the right compensation shaft base of the cradle assembly through a right compensation shaft, the right compensation shaft is in interference fit with the right compensation shaft base, and the right compensation shaft and the bearing seat sliding block are provided with bearings to realize zero clearance fit of rotary motion; the right compensation shaft base moves in the vertical line direction and simultaneously generates relative rotary motion around the right compensation shaft, and the compensation cradle component generates interference in circular arc rotary motion around the center line of the rotating shaft of the left bearing seat of the pitching supporting shaft and the right bearing seat of the pitching supporting shaft through the sliding motion generated by the bearing seat sliding block on the angle compensation linear rail; the left pitching angle adjusting assembly works the same as the right pitching angle adjusting assembly; and after the pitching angle is adjusted, the locking is realized by the braking device of the pitching angle servo motor.

Furthermore, when the surface of the product is adjusted in the processing procedure, the rotary servo motor of the rolling cage starts to work under the control of the PLC, the rotary servo motor of the rolling cage is driven to rotate 180 degrees, the turnover of the work station of the product is realized, or the left and right inclined postures of the product are adjusted when the large end of the product is observed;

the support shaft at the small end of the rolling cage assembly is matched with a bearing hole of a side plate of the cradle small end of the cradle assembly through a bearing to realize the support of the small end of the cradle assembly, and axial thrust bearings and nuts are arranged at two ends of the side plate of the cradle small end to limit the free movement of the rolling cage assembly in the axial direction and realize the thrust action; a rotary positioning slide way is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotary support at the large end of the rolling cage assembly, is matched with the left roller supporting column and the right roller supporting column at the large end of the cradle assembly and is used for bearing and positioning the rolling cage assembly;

during assembly, the protruding lengths of the left roller supporting column and the right roller supporting column are adjusted, and the center of the rolling cage assembly relative to the bearing hole of the side plate at the small end of the cradle is adjusted, so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

the side plates of the rotating bracket at the big end of the rolling cage assembly are provided with arc grooves with angle adjustment and fixing effects along the axial direction, the arc grooves are matched with limiting adjustment sliding blocks on the side plates of the big end of a cradle of the cradle assembly, gap adjustment of the side faces of the big end of the two rolling cage brackets of the rolling cage assembly is realized, then micro-adjustment of left and right inclined postures of a product when the big end of the product is observed is realized, and fastening bolts are locked through the other side of the side faces of the big end of the two rolling cage brackets of the rolling cage assembly, so that fastening and fixing after finishing of surface adjustment of a machining process and micro-adjustment of inclined postures of the product are realized.

Further, the invention also provides a use method of the automatic rotating tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: installing a tool on a machine tool, connecting related wiring, operating a PLC (programmable logic controller), rotating a tool rolling cage assembly to a windward upward working position, taking down a windward rotating support, disassembling all windward pressing plates, loosening product supporting studs on the leeward pressing plates, and only leaving two product supporting studs at the large end and the small end for temporarily supporting products so as to conveniently finely adjust and position the products;

hoisting the prepared product blank into the tool, adjusting four product supporting studs reserved on the leeward side pressing plate, and supporting the product tightly; mounting a windward side pressing plate, loosening all product supporting studs, keeping a certain distance from the surface of a product blank, and facilitating the next step of product alignment;

hoisting the centering and aligning assembly to the position of a reserved hole on the tool bottom plate, aligning the positioning pin, and fastening the fixing bolt after the positioning pin is properly placed; after the centering and aligning component is positioned, firstly, adjusting the small end centering assembly by using a small end adjusting wrench, and then adjusting the large end centering assembly by using a large end adjusting wrench; circularly adjusting in sequence until the first horizontal clamping jaw, the second horizontal clamping jaw, the first vertical clamping jaw and the second vertical clamping jaw at the size end completely support the inner surface of the product blank, and keeping the product blank not to shake and shift;

screwing out two product support studs at the large end and the small end of the windward side pressing plate respectively, adhering the product blank surfaces tightly, screwing out all the rest product support studs on the leeward side pressing plate from the adhered product blank surfaces after the product blank is fixed, and screwing out all the product support studs on the windward side pressing plate from the adhered product blank surfaces;

after the product blank is confirmed to be positioned firmly, disassembling a fastening bolt of a centering and aligning assembly and lifting the fastening bolt away from the tool;

mounting a windward side rotating support, locking a fastening bolt, fixing the leeward side rotating support on the rolling cage assembly and a side plate of the cradle big end, and completing the clamping and positioning operation of the product blank;

step two: disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the leeward side rotating support to be in a free state, operating the PLC, rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly by 180 degrees to a leeward side upward working position, locking the fastening bolt, and fixing the windward side rotating support; operating a reference processing program, cleaning residual cutting scraps splashed on the product blank and the tool after the processing is finished, and waiting for the next processing operation;

step three: disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the windward rotating bracket to be in a free state; operating the PLC, rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly by 180 degrees to a windward side upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a leeward side rotating support, installing a limiting baffle, and disassembling the windward side rotating support; operating an inner cavity machining program to machine an inner cavity profile, machining an outer windward surface profile after the inner cavity profile is machined to be qualified, and adopting a segmented machining method during machining;

before each subsection processing, firstly removing a windward side pressing plate close to the direction of the big end, operating a processing program, after the processing is finished, installing the removed pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud to ensure the state of pressing and positioning a product, removing an adjacent pressing plate, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, installing the removed pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, and finishing the subsection processing; the other segmentation processing operation methods are the same, when all the segments are processed, the limiting baffle is dismantled, the windward rotating support is installed, and the next processing operation is waited;

step four: operating the PLC to restore the pitching angle to a horizontal state; disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the leeward side rotating bracket to be in a free state; rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly by 180 degrees to a leeward upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a windward rotating support, installing a limiting baffle, and disassembling the leeward rotating support; the method comprises the following steps of operating a leeward side processing program for segmented processing, before each segmented processing, firstly removing a leeward side pressing plate close to the direction of the big end, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the removed pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud to ensure the state of pressing and positioning a product, then removing an adjacent pressing plate, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the removed pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, finishing the segmented processing, wherein other segmented processing operation methods are the same, after all segments are processed, removing a limiting baffle, mounting a leeward side rotating support, and waiting for the processing operation in the next step;

step five: dismantle fastening bolt, make the windward side runing rest be free state, operation PLC controller at first rolls the frock and rolls the cage subassembly rotatory 180 to the windward side and upwards the station, dismantles the windward side runing rest, dismantles all windward side clamp plates, loosens the product support double-screw bolt on the lee side clamp plate, only respectively leaves two in main aspects and tip and be used for propping up the product temporarily, conveniently finely tunes the location product, hoists and dismantles the product, waits for next product processing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that

(1) Aiming at the structural characteristics of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, the special clamping mode for clamping and aligning the product is established, and the product is quickly positioned. The current situation that the time consumption is long when the inner cavity is repeatedly aligned and the tool is adjusted in the traditional alignment process is changed. The product alignment efficiency is improved, and the alignment time is shortened by about 4 hours.

(2) According to the special-shaped closed deep-cavity antenna housing, a special product clamping device is set according to the structural characteristics of the special-shaped closed deep-cavity antenna housing, molded surface support is replaced by supporting column suspension support, and product or tool deformation caused by compression of gap fillers between products and tools and product pollution caused by the fillers are avoided.

(3) The special angle high-precision adjusting method is formulated according to the structural characteristics of the special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing, and damage to a tool and a machine tool transmission system caused by a traditional knocking product aligning method is avoided. Each dimension is provided with an adjusting axis and a fixed adjusting mechanism, and the interference of the adjusting process among the dimensions is avoided. The adjustment process and the adjustment result can be detected by adopting a dial indicator, and the error of the fall value of the angle adjustment is ensured to be controlled within 0.05mm.

(4) According to the invention, a special angle high-precision adjustment control method is formulated according to the structural characteristics of the special-shaped closed deep cavity antenna housing, the current situation that the angle state is estimated by blind knocking and blind hitting depending on experience in the adjustment process is improved, and the PLC precision control can be realized in all the angle adjustment processes. The requirements on operators are reduced, and the training and examination process of the operators is simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic turning tool of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base assembly according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cradle assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the roll cage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the quick alignment assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the processing state of the leeward side station;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the machining state of the station on the windward side.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which the invention is attached.

The invention relates to an automatic rotary rolling cage tool for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome and a using method thereof, in particular to a high-precision angular rotation and deformation-preventing pressing method for a ceramic material special-shaped closed deep-cavity structural member, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic material machining. In the method, aiming at the characteristics of complex inner and outer molded surfaces, large taper and difficult reference determination of the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome, a special rotating rolling cage type tool is designed, and the following problems are mainly solved:

1. aiming at long alignment time, more repeated work and longer time consumption.

2. The original tool is not tightly attached to the molded surface, manual operation is more, and the risk that a product is easy to deform exists.

3. The multi-angle adjustment and detection of the product are difficult to control, and the ideal alignment requirement is not easy to achieve.

4. Aiming at the original tooling of the product, the manual operation is more, the automation degree is not high, and the alignment and adjustment are complicated.

5. The problem of potential product deformation caused by uneven pressing force of a product in the processing process is solved.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an automatic rotary rolling cage tool for a special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, which comprises a bottom plate 1, a pitching support shaft left bearing seat 2, a pitching support shaft right bearing seat 3, a left pitching angle adjusting assembly 4, a right pitching angle adjusting assembly 5, a cradle assembly 6, a rolling cage assembly 7, a rolling cage rotary servo motor 8, a centering and aligning assembly 9, a PLC controller 10 and a limit baffle 11;

the pitching support shaft left bearing seat 2, the pitching support shaft right bearing seat 3, the left pitching angle adjusting assembly 4 and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly 5 are all arranged on the bottom plate 1 to form a base assembly which is used as the basis of the whole tool; a cradle component 6 is installed on the base component, the large end of the cradle component 6 is supported by the left pitching support shaft bearing seat 2 and the right pitching support shaft bearing seat 3, and the small end of the cradle component 6 is supported by the left pitching angle adjusting component 4 and the right pitching angle adjusting component 5; the cradle component 6 is controlled by the left pitching angle adjusting component 4 and the right pitching angle adjusting component 5 to realize pitching angle adjustment rotating around a support shaft at the large end of the cradle component 6, namely arc rotation movement;

the rolling cage assembly 7 and the rolling cage rotation servo motor 8 are arranged on the cradle assembly 6, and the rolling cage assembly 7 rotates around an axis and is turned over by 180 degrees to adjust the surface under the driving of the rolling cage rotation servo motor 8;

the centering and aligning component 9 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, the aligning and centering structural member extends into the rolling cage, and the left pitching angle adjusting component 4, the right pitching angle adjusting component 5, the cradle component 6 and the rolling cage component 7 are matched to realize the rapid alignment of the product;

the PLC 10 is arranged on the shell of the left pitching angle adjusting assembly 4 far away from the product direction, has a sealing protection measure of moisture resistance, water resistance and electric leakage resistance, and controls the angle adjusting action required by the automatic rotating tool;

the limiting baffle plates 11 are arranged on the cradle assembly 6, the positions on the windward side and the leeward side of the windward side are respectively provided with one limiting baffle plate 11, and the limiting baffle plates are arranged after the alignment and adjustment of the product are finished, so that the product is prevented from sliding towards the direction of the big end.

When the pitching angle is adjusted, the cradle component 6 and the rolling cage component 7 move integrally, the small end of the rolling cage component 7 moves along the vertical direction, and correspondingly, the large end of the rolling cage component 7 is a rotating shaft and rotates to jointly complete pitching adjustment.

As shown in fig. 2, the left pitch angle adjusting assembly 4 and the right pitch angle adjusting assembly 5 have the same structure, and each of them includes a base 51, a pitch angle seat 52, a vertical linear rail 53, a sliding block 54, a supporting plate 55, an angle compensation linear rail 56, a bearing seat sliding block 57, a transmission screw 58 and a pitch angle servo motor 59;

the base 51 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, the pitching angle seat 52 is arranged on the top surface of the base 51, the vertical linear rail 53 is arranged on the inner side wall of the base 51 and used for guiding and positioning when the sliding block 54 slides up and down, the supporting plate 55 is arranged on the side, close to a product, of the sliding block 54, the angle compensation linear rail 56 and the bearing seat sliding block 57 are arranged on the supporting plate 55, and when the pitching angle is compensated and adjusted, the vertical linear motion of the sliding block 54 is converted into interference formed by arc rotation motion of the cradle assembly; the transmission screw 58 is matched with the sliding block 54 to transmit power, and is driven by a pitch angle servo motor 59 to realize the vertical reciprocating motion of the sliding block 54.

As shown in fig. 3, the cradle assembly 6 includes a cradle bottom plate 610, a cradle large-end side plate 620, a cradle small-end side plate 630, a left roller support column 611, a right roller support column 612, a left compensation shaft base 613, a left compensation shaft 614, a right compensation shaft base 615, a right compensation shaft 616, a limit adjustment slider 621, a nut 622, a roller cage fastening bolt 623, a left support shaft 624, a right support shaft 625; a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole 631 is formed in the cradle small end side plate 630;

the side plates 620 of the large end and 630 of the cradle are respectively arranged at the two ends of the bottom plate 610 of the cradle, and the bottom plate 610 of the cradle, the side plates 620 of the large end and 630 of the small end are welded into an integral assembly; the cradle bottom plate 610 is provided with a left roller supporting column 611 and a right roller supporting column 612 close to the cradle large end side plate 620, the left roller supporting column 611 and the right roller supporting column 612 are used for supporting the rolling cage assembly, and meanwhile, the concentricity of the rolling cage assembly relative to the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole 631 on the cradle small end side plate 630 is adjusted by adjusting the extension lengths of the left roller supporting column 611 and the right roller supporting column 612, so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

a left compensation shaft base 613, a left compensation shaft 614, a right compensation shaft base 615 and a right compensation shaft 616 are arranged on the cradle bottom plate 610 close to the cradle small end side plate 630, are in pairwise interference fit and are used for being assembled and matched with the angle compensation linear rail 56 and the bearing seat sliding block 57 of the pitch angle adjusting assembly, supporting and fixing the cradle assembly 6 and realizing angle interference compensation of linear conversion arc motion in the pitch angle adjusting process of the cradle assembly 6;

a limiting adjusting sliding block 621, a nut 622 and a rolling cage fastening bolt 623 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the side plate 620 at the large end of the cradle, the external thread of the limiting adjusting sliding block 621 is matched with the corresponding threaded hole on the side plate 620 at the large end of the cradle, and the limiting adjusting sliding block 621 is locked and fixed by the nut 622 after adjustment is finished and is used for assisting in adjusting the axial clearance of the rolling cage assembly and ensuring zero displacement of the rolling cage assembly during rotation; after the rolling cage assembly 7 rotates in place, the rolling cage is locked by the rolling cage fastening bolt 623, so that the rolling cage assembly 7 is prevented from vibrating and shifting;

a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole 631 is arranged on the cradle small end side plate 630, a bearing is arranged in the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole 631 to position the rolling cage assembly 7, and axial thrust bearings are arranged on two sides of the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole 631 to prevent the rolling cage assembly 7 from generating displacement; a rolling cage rotation servo motor 8 is mounted on the side plate 630 at the small end of the cradle for driving the rolling cage assembly 7 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 4, the roller cage assembly 7 includes: the device comprises longitudinal beams 71, a small end support shaft 72, a leeward side pressing plate 73, a windward side pressing plate 74, product support studs 75, a leeward side rotating bracket 76 and a windward side rotating bracket 77;

the longitudinal beam 71 is a V-shaped part with a large opening and a small bottom, is a basic part of the rolling cage assembly 7, and other parts are added on the part to play a main supporting and stress role; a small end support shaft 72 is arranged on the small end surface of the longitudinal beam 71 and used for supporting and positioning the rolling cage assembly 7; the leeward side pressure plate 73 and the windward side pressure plate 74 are arranged on the longitudinal beam 71 in an upper-lower two-part mode, play a role in fixing a product, and are also part of a supporting structure of the rolling cage assembly 7 to strengthen the structural strength of the longitudinal beam 71, and the leeward side pressure plate 73 and the windward side pressure plate 74 are respectively connected with a leeward side rotating bracket 76 and a windward side rotating bracket 77 to form an inner cavity of the rolling cage; the rolling cage assembly 7 is of a complete integral structure; the leeward side pressing plate 73 and the windward side pressing plate 74 are provided with a plurality of product supporting studs 75 for supporting the products in a suspended manner in the inner cavity of the rolling cage.

The leeward side rotating bracket 76 and the windward side rotating bracket 77 are arranged on the molded surface of the corresponding pressure plate far away from the axial direction of the rolling cage assembly 7, and partial end surfaces of the leeward side rotating bracket 76 and the windward side rotating bracket 77 are positioned in contact with the longitudinal beam 71; when the device is used, when the leeward side is at the upper station, the windward side rotating support 77 is supported and positioned below, the leeward side rotating support 76 is detached, the leeward side pressing plate 73 is exposed and is used for processing products, and the same operation can be carried out during face adjustment.

As shown in fig. 5, the centering and aligning assembly 9 includes a centering base 91, a fixing seat 92, a first bracket 931, a second bracket 932, a third bracket 933, a fourth bracket 934, a large end centering assembly 94, a small end centering assembly 95, a large end adjusting wrench 96 and a small end adjusting wrench 97;

when the centering and aligning assembly 9 is used, the centering base 91 is arranged at a corresponding position of the bottom plate 1, the positioning pin is used for ensuring accurate positioning, and the centering and aligning assembly 9 is detached after use;

the fixed seat 92 is arranged on the centering base 91, and the positioning precision is ensured through a positioning pin; a first bracket 931, a second bracket 932, a third bracket 933 and a fourth bracket 934 are sequentially assembled into an integral structural member and are installed on the fixed seat 92; the integral structural part is of a hollow round table structure, the fourth support 934 is a small end, and the diameter of the second support 932 is larger than that of the fourth support 934; a large end centering assembly 94 is arranged inside the second bracket 932, and a small end centering assembly 95 is arranged inside the fourth bracket 934;

the large-end centering assembly 94 comprises a horizontal spiral fluted disc 941, a vertical spiral fluted disc 942, a first horizontal clamping jaw 943, a second horizontal clamping jaw 944, a first vertical clamping jaw 945, a second vertical clamping jaw 946, a horizontal chute disc 947 and a vertical chute disc 948; the structural composition of the small end centering assembly 95 is the same as that of the large end centering assembly 94;

when the device works, the large-end adjusting wrench 96 is used for rotating the horizontal spiral fluted disc 941 to drive the first horizontal clamping jaw 943 and the second horizontal clamping jaw 944 to synchronously extend and retract in the horizontal direction in the guide groove of the horizontal sliding groove disc 947, so as to support the left and right molded surfaces of a product; the large-end adjusting wrench 96 is used for rotating the vertical spiral fluted disc 942 to drive the first vertical clamping jaw 945 and the second vertical clamping jaw 946 to synchronously extend and retract in the vertical direction in the guide groove of the vertical chute disc 948, so as to support the upper and lower profiles of the product; the length of a support column on the clamping jaw is determined according to the theoretical position of the three-dimensional digital-analog molded surface, and the synchronous centering function is guaranteed.

The small end centering assemblies 95 have the same working principle and slightly different operation methods, because the space is narrow and the product has a certain angle, and the central lines of the two centering assemblies are not coaxial, so the small end adjusting wrench 97 adopts a flexible shaft structure, and a certain stroke and a limit structure are respectively reserved at the two ends of the adjusting fluted disc, thereby ensuring that the flexible shaft wrench and the two fluted disc torque transmission matching parts can be interchanged and controlled on the premise of not pulling out the flexible shaft wrench.

The working principle is as follows:

when the pitch angle of the automatic rotary tool is adjusted, servo motors of the left pitch angle adjusting component 4 and the right pitch angle adjusting component 5 synchronously start to work under the control of the PLC 10, drive the transmission screw 58 to rotate, drive the sliding block 54, the supporting plate 55, the angle compensation linear rail 56 and the bearing seat sliding block 57 which are arranged on the sliding block to integrally slide up and down, and drive the small end of the cradle component 6 to realize rotary motion;

the bearing seat sliding block 57 of the right pitching angle adjusting component 5 is connected with the cradle component right compensation shaft base 615 through a right compensation shaft 616, the right compensation shaft 616 is in interference fit with the right compensation shaft base 615, and the right compensation shaft 616 and the bearing seat sliding block 57 are provided with bearings to realize zero clearance fit of rotary motion; the right compensation shaft base 615, while moving in the vertical direction, also generates a relative rotational motion around the right compensation shaft 616, and through the sliding motion of the bearing block slider 57 on the angle compensation linear rail 56, compensates for the interference generated by the cradle assembly 6 in the circular arc rotational motion around the center line of the rotation axis of the pitch support shaft left bearing block 2 and the pitch support shaft right bearing block 3; the left pitching angle adjusting component 4 works the same as the right pitching angle adjusting component 5; after the adjustment of the pitch angle is completed, the locking is performed by the brake device of the pitch angle servo motor 59.

When the surface of the product is adjusted in the processing procedure, the rolling cage rotating servo motor 8 starts to work under the control of the PLC 10 to drive the rolling cage assembly 7 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the product is turned over in a station or the left and right inclined postures of the product are adjusted when the large end of the product is observed;

the supporting shaft 72 at the small end of the rolling cage assembly 7 is matched with a bearing hole of a cradle small end side plate 630 of the cradle assembly 6 through a bearing to realize the supporting of the small end of the cradle assembly, and axial thrust bearings and nuts are arranged at two ends of the cradle small end side plate 630 to limit the free movement of the rolling cage assembly 7 in the axial direction so as to realize the thrust action; a rotary positioning slide way is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotary support at the large end of the rolling cage assembly 7, is matched with the left roller support column 611 and the right roller support column 612 at the large end of the cradle assembly 6 and is used for bearing and positioning the rolling cage assembly 7;

during assembly, the center of the rolling cage assembly 7 relative to the bearing hole of the side plate 630 at the small end of the cradle is adjusted by adjusting the extending lengths of the left roller supporting column 611 and the right roller supporting column 612, so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

an arc groove with an angle adjusting function and a fixing function is arranged on a side plate of a rotating support of the large end of the rolling cage assembly 7 along the axial direction, the arc groove is matched with a limiting adjusting sliding block 621 on a side plate 620 of the large end of a cradle of the cradle assembly 6, the gap adjustment of the large end side surfaces of the two rolling cage supports of the rolling cage assembly 7 is realized, the micro-adjustment of the left and right inclined postures of a product when the large end of the product is observed is further realized, and a fastening bolt is locked through the other side of the large end side surfaces of the two rolling cage supports of the rolling cage assembly 7, so that the fastening and fixing of the processing procedure surface adjusting operation and the product action inclined micro-adjustment operation after the operation is finished are realized.

Based on the automatic rotating tool, the invention also provides a method for processing a product by using the tool, namely a using method of the tool, which specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: installing the tool on a machine tool, connecting related wiring, operating the PLC 10, rotating the tool rolling cage assembly 7 to a windward upward working position, taking down a windward rotating bracket 77, disassembling all windward pressing plates 74, loosening product supporting studs 75 on a leeward pressing plate 73, and only leaving two product supporting studs respectively at the large end and the small end for temporarily supporting a product, thereby facilitating fine adjustment and positioning of the product;

hoisting the prepared product blank into the tool, adjusting four product supporting studs 75 reserved on the leeward side pressing plate 73, and supporting the product tightly; mounting a windward side pressing plate 74, loosening all product supporting studs 75, keeping a certain distance from the surface of a product blank, and facilitating the next step of product alignment;

hoisting the centering and aligning assembly 9 to the position of a reserved hole on the tool bottom plate 1, aligning the positioning pin, and fastening a fixing bolt after the positioning pin is properly placed; after the centering and aligning assembly 9 is positioned, the small end centering assembly 95 is adjusted by the small end adjusting wrench 97, and the large end centering assembly 94 is adjusted by the large end adjusting wrench 96; circularly adjusting in sequence until the first horizontal clamping jaw 943, the second horizontal clamping jaw 944, the first vertical clamping jaw 945 and the second vertical clamping jaw 946 at the size end completely support the inner surface of the product blank, and keeping the product blank not to shake and shift;

screwing out two product support studs 75 at the large end and the small end of the windward side pressure plate 74 respectively, adhering the surfaces of the product blanks tightly, screwing out all the rest product support studs 75 on the leeward side pressure plate 73 from the surfaces of the adhered product blanks after the product blanks are fixed, and screwing out all the product support studs 75 on the windward side pressure plate from the surfaces of the adhered product blanks;

after the product blank is confirmed to be positioned firmly, the fastening bolt of the centering and aligning component 9 is disassembled and lifted away from the tool after the product blank is checked and positioned firmly by loosening all the first horizontal clamping jaw 943, the second horizontal clamping jaw 944, the first vertical clamping jaw 945 and the second vertical clamping jaw 946 by using the small end adjusting wrench 97 and the large end adjusting wrench 96 respectively;

mounting a windward side rotating bracket 77, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a leeward side rotating bracket 76 on the rolling cage assembly 7 and a side plate 620 of the large side of the cradle to finish the clamping and positioning operation of the product blank;

when the product is centered and aligned, the cross adjusting bolt on the product centering and aligning assembly is adjusted to enable the cross bolt to stretch out in a two-way mode to contact the surface of the inner cavity of the product in sequence, the posture of the product can be adjusted when the product is adjusted to be in a full-contact state, the product is compressed, and the product is rapidly positioned and aligned. The structure can save the product alignment time by 3 hours, the blank allowance of the product is not uniform during rough machining, the positioning precision is controlled within 0.7mm, and the finish machining is controlled within 0.1 mm. Can meet the requirement of form and position tolerance.

When the rotary rolling cage is clamped, the axial pressing plate at the small end of the rotary rolling cage, the axial pressing plate at the large end of the product and the tool are provided with double pressing plate structures on the windward side and the leeward side of the product, so that the clamping requirements of full positioning and small clamping force of the product are met. The limitation of six-direction freedom degrees of the product in the tool is kept, and the machining precision is high. The deformation trend of the product is reduced to the maximum extent in the sectional processing process of the product, and the deformation amount is controlled within 0.05mm.

When the angle rotation adjusting device is used for adjusting the pitching angle, the rotating shafts perpendicular to the axis of the product on the bases on the two sides of the large end of the product are used as centers, the pitching angle adjusting screw rods on the two sides of the small end of the product are adjusted, the rotating angle compensation rotating shaft bearing seats are driven to slide along the compensation linear rails parallel to the axis of the product, the cradle structural component supporting the rotary rolling cage is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft at the large end of the product, and zero-gap and high-precision adjustment of the pitching angle is achieved.

Step two: disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the leeward side rotating bracket 76 to be in a free state, operating the PLC 10, rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly 7 by 180 degrees to a leeward side upward working position, locking the fastening bolt, and fixing the windward side rotating bracket 77; operating a benchmark processing program, cleaning residual chips splashed on the product blank and the tool after the processing is finished, and waiting for the next processing operation;

step three: the fastening bolts are disassembled to enable the windward rotating bracket 77 to be in a free state; operating the PLC 10, rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly 7 by 180 degrees to a windward side upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a leeward side rotating bracket 76, installing a limit baffle 11, and disassembling a windward side rotating bracket 77; operating an inner cavity machining program to machine an inner cavity profile, machining an outer windward surface profile after the inner cavity profile is machined to be qualified, and adopting a segmented machining method during machining;

before each subsection processing, firstly removing the windward side pressing plate 74 close to the big end direction, operating a processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the removed pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud 75 to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, removing the adjacent pressing plate, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the removed pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud 75 to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, and finishing the subsection processing; the other segmentation processing operation methods are the same, when all the segments are processed, the limiting baffle 11 is removed, the windward rotating bracket 77 is installed, and the next processing operation is waited;

step four: operating the PLC controller 10 to restore the pitch angle to the horizontal state; the fastening bolts are disassembled to enable the leeward side rotating bracket 76 to be in a free state; rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly 7 by 180 degrees to a leeward upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a windward rotating bracket 77, installing a limit baffle 11, and disassembling a leeward rotating bracket 76; the method comprises the following steps of operating a leeward side processing program for segmented processing, firstly removing a leeward side pressing plate 73 close to the large end direction before each segmented processing, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the detached pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud 75 to ensure the state of pressing and positioning a product, then removing an adjacent pressing plate, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, mounting the detached pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud 75 to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, finishing the segmented processing, wherein other segmented processing operation methods are the same, after all the segments are processed, removing a limiting baffle plate 11, mounting a leeward side rotating bracket 76, and waiting for the next processing operation;

step five: the fastening bolts are disassembled to enable the windward rotating support 77 to be in a free state, the PLC 10 is operated, the tooling rolling cage assembly 7 is firstly rotated by 180 degrees to the windward upward working position, the windward rotating support 77 is disassembled, all windward pressing plates 74 are disassembled, the product supporting studs 75 on the leeward pressing plates 73 are loosened, only two products are respectively reserved at the large end and the small end for temporarily supporting the products, the products are conveniently finely adjusted and positioned, and the products are hoisted and disassembled to wait for the next product to be processed.

When the angle rotation adjusting device is used for adjusting the left and right inclination angles, the axial locking nut of the cradle vertical support plate in the direction of the big end of the product is loosened, the control panel is operated, and the servo motor at the small end of the product is adjusted to rotate, so that the rotary rolling cage clamping device rotates around the axis of the rolling cage as the center along the support column below the cradle, the adjustment of the left and right inclination angle errors is realized, and the station exchange action of the windward side and the leeward side of the product around the axis of the product as the center can also be realized. And locking the axial locking nut in the direction of the large end of the product. The damage effect of the traditional knocking correction method on the tool and the machine tool lead screw guide rail is avoided. High-precision adjustment can be realized, and the adjustment precision is within 0.02 mm.

During servo control, the PLC is adopted to control the pitching angle adjustment action of the product and the rotation motion around the axis of the product as the center, a control box and a control panel are arranged on a base at the small end of the product, a servo motor is installed on a linear rail transmission mechanism of the base at the small end of the product, and the servo motor is installed on a cradle structure at the small end of the product and is in hard connection with a rotating rolling cage supporting device to form a closed-loop control system. The servo control system is required to have functions of relative position zero point setting and relative angular rotational motion control. Meanwhile, a quick function button is arranged on the operation panel, so that the functions of one-key zero point setting and one-key fixed angle adjustment can be realized, the complicated PLC system parameter setting operation is omitted, and the operation procedure is simplified.

Example 1

In the embodiment, the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome is made of a quartz fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, the blank is a special-shaped closed deep-cavity conical blank, and the product length is about 1350mm. The specific process implemented by the processing method and the device is as follows:

step one, sleeving a product into a tool, installing a product centering and aligning assembly, and adjusting a cross adjusting bolt on the product centering and aligning assembly to enable the cross bolt to extend out in two directions simultaneously to sequentially contact the surface of an inner cavity of the product, so that the posture of the product can be adjusted when the product is completely adjusted to be in a full-contact state, and the posture of the product is parallel to the axis of the rolling cage clamping device. The supporting columns on the detachable pressing plates below the rotary rolling cage products are adjusted to support the products, then the supporting columns on the detachable pressing plates above the products are pressed, and quick positioning and alignment of the products are achieved. The coincidence error between the axis of the product blank and the axis of the rolling cage clamping device in the horizontal and vertical directions is ensured not to exceed +/-0.02 degrees. The operation time is saved by 3.5 hours compared with the traditional adjusting method.

And (II) adjusting an axial pressing plate at the small end of the rotary rolling cage, fixing the moving range of the product to the small end direction, and ensuring that the product cannot slide to the small end. And adjusting an axial pressure plate for tightly screwing the big end of the product to compress the product, so that the product cannot slide towards the big end.

And (III) adjusting the pitching angle of the product and the rotation inclination angle taking the axis of the product as the center. Firstly, a servo system control panel is operated, a rotating shaft which is vertical to the axis of a product and is arranged on a base on two sides of the large end of the product is taken as a center, the pitching angle adjusting screw rods on two sides of the small end of the product are adjusted, a rotating angle compensation rotating bearing seat is driven to slide along a compensation linear rail which is parallel to the axis of the product, a cradle structural component which supports the rotary rolling cage is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft on the large end of the product, and the cradle structural component can stop when reaching a proper pitching angle. The angle is ensured to be positioned by the self-locking function of the motor and the brake device in the motor. And ensuring that the pitching angle fall difference value is not more than 0.05mm. This method saves 2 hours of operating time over the conventional adjustment method.

And step (IV) on the basis of the cradle structural member in the step (III), loosening the axial locking nut in the direction of the large end of the product, operating the control panel, adjusting the rotation of the servo motor at the small end of the product, and enabling the rotary rolling cage clamping device to do rotary motion around the axis of the rolling cage as the center along the support column below the cradle, so that the difference of the left and right inclination angles of the product blank in the horizontal direction of the axis of the product is not more than 0.05mm, and the station exchange action of the windward side and the leeward side of the product around the axis of the product as the center can also be realized. The angle positioning error is not more than +/-0.02 degrees, and the axial locking nut in the direction of the big end of the product is locked. The method saves 1.5 hours of operation time compared with the traditional adjusting method.

The above description is only for the best mode of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic rotatory cage frock that rolls of deep cavity antenna house is sealed to abnormal shape which characterized in that: the device comprises a bottom plate (1), a left pitching support shaft bearing seat (2), a right pitching support shaft bearing seat (3), a left pitching angle adjusting component (4), a right pitching angle adjusting component (5), a cradle component (6), a rolling cage component (7), a rolling cage rotating servo motor (8), a centering and aligning component (9), a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (10) and a limit baffle (11);

the pitching support shaft left bearing seat (2), the pitching support shaft right bearing seat (3), the left pitching angle adjusting assembly (4) and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly (5) are all installed on the bottom plate (1) to form a base assembly which is used as the basis of the whole tool; a cradle component (6) is mounted on the base component, the large end of the cradle component (6) is supported and supported by the left pitching support shaft bearing seat (2) and the right pitching support shaft bearing seat (3), and the small end of the cradle component (6) is supported and supported by the left pitching angle adjusting component (4) and the right pitching angle adjusting component (5); the cradle component (6) is controlled by the left pitching angle adjusting component (4) and the right pitching angle adjusting component (5) to realize pitching angle adjustment rotating around the large-end supporting shaft of the cradle component (6), namely arc rotation movement;

the rolling cage assembly (7) and the rolling cage rotating servo motor (8) are arranged on the cradle assembly (6), and the rolling cage assembly (7) rotates around an axis and is turned over for 180 degrees to adjust the surface under the driving of the rolling cage rotating servo motor (8);

the centering and aligning component (9) is arranged on the bottom plate (1) and is matched with the left pitching angle adjusting component (4), the right pitching angle adjusting component (5), the cradle component (6) and the rolling cage component (7) to realize the rapid alignment of the product;

the PLC (10) is arranged on the shell of the left pitching angle adjusting component (4) far away from the product direction and controls the angle adjusting action required by the automatic rotary rolling cage tool;

the limiting baffle plates (11) are arranged on the cradle assembly (6), the stations on the leeward side of the station on the windward side are respectively provided with one limiting baffle plate (11), and the limiting baffle plates are arranged after the alignment and adjustment of the product are finished, so that the product is prevented from sliding towards the direction of the big end.

2. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the pitching angle is adjusted, the cradle component (6) and the rolling cage component (7) move integrally, the small end of the rolling cage component (7) moves along the vertical direction, and correspondingly, the large end of the rolling cage component (7) is a rotating shaft and rotates to jointly complete pitching adjustment.

3. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the left pitching angle adjusting assembly (4) and the right pitching angle adjusting assembly (5) are identical in structure and respectively comprise a base (51), a pitching angle seat (52), a vertical linear rail (53), a sliding block (54), a supporting plate (55), an angle compensation linear rail (56), a bearing seat sliding block (57), a transmission lead screw (58) and a pitching angle servo motor (59);

the base (51) is installed on the bottom plate (1), the pitching angle seat (52) is installed on the top surface of the base (51), the vertical linear rail (53) is installed on the inner side wall of the base (51) and used for guiding and positioning when the sliding block (54) slides up and down, the supporting plate (55) is installed on the side, close to a product, of the sliding block (54), the angle compensation linear rail (56) and the bearing seat sliding block (57) are installed on the supporting plate (55), and when the pitching angle is compensated and adjusted, the vertical linear motion of the sliding block (54) is converted into interference formed by arc rotation motion of the cradle assembly; the transmission screw rod (58) is matched with the sliding block (54) to transmit power, and the sliding block (54) is driven by the pitch angle servo motor (59) to vertically reciprocate.

4. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the cradle component (6) comprises a cradle bottom plate (610), a cradle big end side plate (620), a cradle small end side plate (630), a left roller supporting column (611), a right roller supporting column (612), a left compensating shaft base (613), a left compensating shaft (614), a right compensating shaft base (615), a right compensating shaft (616), a limiting adjusting slide block (621), a nut (622), a rolling cage fastening bolt (623), a left supporting shaft (624) and a right supporting shaft (625); a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole (631) is arranged on the side plate (630) at the small end of the cradle;

the cradle big end side plate (620) and the cradle small end side plate (630) are respectively arranged at two ends of the cradle bottom plate (610), and the cradle bottom plate (610), the cradle big end side plate (620) and the cradle small end side plate (630) are welded into an integral component; the cradle bottom plate (610) is provided with a left roller supporting column (611) and a right roller supporting column (612) close to the cradle large end side plate (620), the left roller supporting column (611) and the right roller supporting column (612) are used for supporting the rolling cage assembly, and meanwhile, the concentricity of the rolling cage assembly relative to a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole (631) in the cradle small end side plate (630) is adjusted by adjusting the extension lengths of the left roller supporting column (611) and the right roller supporting column (612), so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

a left compensation shaft base (613), a left compensation shaft (614), a right compensation shaft base (615) and a right compensation shaft (616) are arranged on the cradle bottom plate (610) close to the cradle small end side plate (630), and are in pairwise interference fit with each other and used for being assembled and matched with an angle compensation linear rail (56) and a bearing seat sliding block (57) of the pitch angle adjusting assembly, supporting and fixing the cradle assembly (6) and realizing angle interference compensation of linear conversion arc motion in the pitch angle adjusting process of the cradle assembly (6);

the left side and the right side of the side plate (620) at the large end of the cradle are respectively provided with a set of limiting adjusting sliding block (621), a set of nut (622) and a set of rolling cage fastening bolt (623), the external threads of the limiting adjusting sliding block (621) are matched with corresponding threaded holes in the side plate (620) at the large end of the cradle, and the limiting adjusting sliding block (621) is locked and fixed by the nut (622) after adjustment is finished and is used for assisting in adjusting the axial clearance of the rolling cage assembly and ensuring zero displacement of the rolling cage assembly during rotation; after the rolling cage assembly (7) rotates to the position, the rolling cage is locked by a rolling cage fastening bolt (623) to prevent the rolling cage assembly (7) from vibrating and shifting;

a rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole (631) is arranged on the cradle small end side plate (630), a bearing is installed in the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole to position the rolling cage assembly (7), and axial thrust bearings are installed on two sides of the rolling cage small end supporting shaft hole (631) to prevent the rolling cage assembly (7) from generating displacement; the rolling cage rotating servo motor (8) is arranged on the side plate (630) at the small end of the cradle and is used for driving the rolling cage assembly (7) to rotate.

5. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the roller cage assembly (7) comprises: the device comprises longitudinal beams (71), a small end support shaft (72), a leeward side pressing plate (73), a windward side pressing plate (74), product support studs (75), a leeward side rotating bracket (76) and a windward side rotating bracket (77);

the longitudinal beam (71) is a V-shaped part with a large opening and a small bottom, and a small end support shaft (72) is arranged on the small end surface of the longitudinal beam (71) and is used for supporting and positioning the rolling cage assembly (7); the leeward side pressing plate (73) and the windward side pressing plate (74) are arranged on the longitudinal beam (71) in an upper-lower two-part mode and used for fixing products, and meanwhile, the leeward side pressing plate (73) and the windward side pressing plate (74) are used as a supporting structure of the rolling cage assembly (7) to reinforce the structural strength of the longitudinal beam (71), and the leeward side pressing plate (73) and the windward side pressing plate (74) are respectively connected with the leeward side rotating support (76) and the windward side rotating support (77) to form an inner cavity of the rolling cage; the rolling cage component (7) is of a complete integral structure; the leeward pressure plate (73) and the windward pressure plate (74) are provided with a plurality of product supporting studs (75) for supporting the products in a suspended manner in the inner cavity of the rolling cage.

6. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the leeward side rotating bracket (76) and the windward side rotating bracket (77) are arranged on the molded surface of the corresponding pressure plate far away from the axial direction of the rolling cage assembly (7), and partial end surfaces of the leeward side rotating bracket (76) and the windward side rotating bracket (77) are positioned in contact with the longitudinal beam (71); when the device is used, when the leeward side is at the upper station, the windward side rotating support (77) is supported and positioned below, the leeward side rotating support (76) is dismounted, the leeward side pressing plate (73) is exposed and is used for processing products, and the same operation can be carried out when the surface is adjusted.

7. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome as claimed in claim 5, wherein the tool comprises: the centering and aligning component (9) comprises a centering base (91), a fixed seat (92), a first support (931), a second support (932), a third support (933), a fourth support (934), a large-end centering assembly (94), a small-end centering assembly (95), a large-end adjusting wrench (96) and a small-end adjusting wrench (97);

when the centering and aligning assembly (9) is used, the centering base (91) is arranged at a corresponding position of the bottom plate (1), accurate positioning is guaranteed through the positioning pin, and the centering and aligning assembly (9) is detached after use;

the fixed seat (92) is arranged on the centering base (91), and the positioning precision is ensured through the positioning pin; a first bracket (931), a second bracket (932), a third bracket (933) and a fourth bracket (934) are sequentially assembled into an integral structural member and are arranged on the fixed seat (92); the integral structural part is of a hollow round table structure, the fourth support (934) is a small end, and the diameter of the second support (932) is larger than that of the fourth support (934); a large end centering assembly (94) is arranged in the second bracket (932), and a small end centering assembly (95) is arranged in the fourth bracket (934);

the large-end centering assembly (94) comprises a horizontal spiral fluted disc (941), a vertical spiral fluted disc (942), a first horizontal clamping jaw (943), a second horizontal clamping jaw (944), a first vertical clamping jaw (945), a second vertical clamping jaw (946), a horizontal sliding groove disc (947) and a vertical sliding groove disc (948); the structure of the small end centering assembly (95) is the same as that of the large end centering assembly (94);

when the device works, a large-end adjusting wrench (96) is used for rotating the horizontal spiral fluted disc (941) to drive the first horizontal clamping jaw (943) and the second horizontal clamping jaw (944) to synchronously extend out and retract in the horizontal direction in the guide groove of the horizontal sliding groove disc (947) so as to support the left and right molded surfaces of a product; rotating the vertical spiral fluted disc (942) by using a large-end adjusting wrench (96) to drive the first vertical clamping jaw (945) and the second vertical clamping jaw (946) to synchronously extend and retract in the vertical direction in the guide groove of the vertical sliding groove disc (948) to support the upper and lower molded surfaces of a product;

the central lines of the large end centering assembly (94) and the small end centering assembly (95) are not coaxial, the small end adjusting wrench (97) is of a flexible shaft structure, and when the small end centering assembly (95) works, certain strokes and limiting structures are reserved at two ends of an adjusting fluted disc respectively, so that the small end adjusting wrench (97) and torque transmission matching parts of the two fluted discs are exchanged and controlled on the premise that the small end adjusting wrench (97) is not pulled out.

8. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome as claimed in claim 7, wherein the tool comprises: when the automatic rotary rolling cage tool is used for adjusting the pitch angle, servo motors of the left pitch angle adjusting assembly (4) and the right pitch angle adjusting assembly (5) synchronously start to work under the control of the PLC (10), drive the transmission screw rod (58) to rotate, drive the sliding block (54), the supporting plate (55), the angle compensation linear rail (56) and the bearing seat sliding block (57) which are arranged on the sliding block to integrally slide up and down, and drive the small end of the cradle assembly (6) to realize rotary motion;

a bearing seat sliding block (57) of the right pitching angle adjusting assembly (5) is connected with a right compensation shaft base (615) of the cradle assembly through a right compensation shaft (616), the right compensation shaft (616) is in interference fit with the right compensation shaft base (615), and the right compensation shaft (616) and the bearing seat sliding block (57) are provided with bearings to realize zero clearance fit of rotary motion; the right compensation shaft base (615) moves in the vertical direction and simultaneously generates relative rotary motion around the right compensation shaft (616), and the compensation cradle component (6) generates interference in circular arc rotary motion around the center line of the rotating shaft of the pitch support shaft left bearing seat (2) and the pitch support shaft right bearing seat (3) through the sliding motion generated by the bearing seat sliding block (57) on the angle compensation linear rail (56); the left pitching angle adjusting component (4) works the same as the right pitching angle adjusting component (5); after the pitching angle is adjusted, the locking is realized by the braking device of the pitching angle servo motor (59).

9. The automatic rotary rolling cage tool for the special-shaped closed deep-cavity radome, according to claim 7, is characterized in that: when the surface of the product is adjusted in the product processing procedure, the rolling cage rotating servo motor (8) starts to work under the control of the PLC (10) to drive the rolling cage assembly (7) to rotate 180 degrees, so that the product is turned over at a station or the left and right inclined postures of the product are adjusted when the large end of the product is observed;

the support shaft (72) at the small end of the rolling cage component (7) is matched with a bearing hole of a cradle small end side plate (630) of the cradle component (6) through a bearing to realize the support of the small end of the cradle component, and an axial thrust bearing and a nut are arranged at two ends of the cradle small end side plate (630) to limit the free movement of the rolling cage component (7) in the axial direction to realize the thrust action; a rotary positioning slide way is arranged in the circumferential direction of a rotary support at the large end of the rolling cage component (7), is matched with a left roller support column (611) and a right roller support column (612) at the large end of the cradle component (6), and is used for bearing and positioning the rolling cage component (7);

during assembly, the center of the rolling cage assembly (7) relative to a bearing hole of a side plate (630) at the small end of the cradle is adjusted by adjusting the extending lengths of the left roller supporting column (611) and the right roller supporting column (612), so that the rotational positioning precision is ensured;

an arc groove with an adjusting angle and a fixing effect is arranged on a side plate of a rotating support of the large end of a rolling cage assembly (7) along the axial direction, the arc groove is matched with a limiting adjusting sliding block (621) on a side plate (620) of the large end of a cradle assembly (6), gap adjustment of the side face of the large end of the two rolling cage supports of the rolling cage assembly (7) is achieved, then micro adjustment of left and right inclined postures of products when the large ends of the products are observed is achieved, fastening bolts are locked through the other side of the side face of the large end of the two rolling cage supports of the rolling cage assembly (7), and fastening and fixing after finishing of surface adjustment of a machining process and micro adjustment of product action inclination are achieved.

10. An application method of the automatic rotary rolling cage tool based on the special-shaped closed deep cavity radome of any one of claims 1-9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: installing a tool on a machine tool, connecting related wiring, operating a PLC (programmable logic controller) (10), rotating a tool rolling cage assembly (7) to a windward upward working position, taking down a windward rotating support (77), disassembling all windward pressing plates (74), loosening product supporting studs (75) on a leeward pressing plate (73), and reserving two products for temporarily supporting the products only at the large end and the small end respectively so as to conveniently finely adjust and position the products;

hoisting the prepared product blank into a tool, adjusting four product supporting studs (75) reserved on a leeward side pressing plate (73), and compacting the product; mounting a windward side pressing plate (74), loosening all product supporting studs (75) and keeping a certain distance from the surface of a product blank, so that the next step of product alignment is facilitated;

hoisting the centering and aligning assembly (9) to a position of a reserved hole on the tool bottom plate (1), aligning a positioning pin, and fastening a fixing bolt after the positioning pin is properly placed; after the centering and aligning component (9) is positioned, a small end adjusting wrench (97) is used for adjusting a small end centering assembly (95), and a large end adjusting wrench (96) is used for adjusting a large end centering assembly (94); circularly adjusting in sequence until the first horizontal clamping jaw (943), the second horizontal clamping jaw (944), the first vertical clamping jaw (945) and the second vertical clamping jaw (946) at the large end and the small end support the inner surface of the product blank, and keeping the product blank not to shake and shift;

screwing out two product support studs (75) at the large end and the small end of the windward side pressure plate (74), adhering the surfaces of the product blanks tightly, screwing out all the rest product support studs (75) on the leeward side pressure plate (73) from the surfaces of the adhered product blanks after the product blanks are fixed, and screwing out all the product support studs (75) on the windward side pressure plate from the surfaces of the adhered product blanks;

after the product blank is confirmed to be positioned firmly, a fastening bolt of a centering and aligning component (9) is disassembled and lifted away from the tool after the product blank is checked and positioned firmly by loosening all the first horizontal clamping jaws (943), the second horizontal clamping jaws (944), the first vertical clamping jaws (945) and the second vertical clamping jaws (946) by using a small end adjusting wrench (97) and a large end adjusting wrench (96);

mounting a windward side rotating support (77), locking a fastening bolt, fixing a leeward side rotating support (76) and a cradle large end side plate (620) on the rolling cage assembly (7), and completing the clamping and positioning operation of a product blank;

step two: disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the leeward side rotating support (76) to be in a free state, operating the PLC (10), rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly (7) by 180 degrees to a leeward side upward working position, locking the fastening bolt, and fixing the windward side rotating support (77); operating a benchmark processing program, cleaning residual chips splashed on the product blank and the tool after the processing is finished, and waiting for the next processing operation;

step three: disassembling the fastening bolt to enable the windward rotating bracket (77) to be in a free state; operating a PLC (programmable logic controller) (10), rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly (7) by 180 degrees to a windward side upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a leeward side rotating bracket (76), installing a limiting baffle (11), and disassembling the windward side rotating bracket (77); operating an inner cavity machining program to machine an inner cavity profile, machining an outer windward surface profile after the inner cavity profile is machined to be qualified, and adopting a segmented machining method during machining;

before each subsection is processed, firstly removing a windward side pressing plate (74) close to the direction of the big end, operating a processing program, after the processing is finished, then installing the removed pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud (75) to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, then removing the adjacent pressing plate and operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, installing the removed pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud (75) to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, and finishing the subsection processing; the other subsection processing operation methods are the same, when all subsections are processed, the limiting baffle (11) is dismounted, the windward rotating bracket (77) is installed, and the next processing operation is waited;

step four: operating the PLC (10) to restore the pitching angle to the horizontal state; the fastening bolt is disassembled to enable the leeward side rotating bracket (76) to be in a free state; rotating the tooling rolling cage assembly (7) by 180 degrees to a leeward upward working position, locking a fastening bolt, fixing a windward rotating support (77), installing a limit baffle (11), and detaching a leeward rotating support (76); the method comprises the steps of operating a leeward side processing program for segmented processing, before each segmented processing, firstly removing a leeward side pressing plate (73) close to the direction of the big end, operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, installing the detached pressing plate, readjusting a product supporting stud (75) to ensure the state of pressing and positioning a product, then removing an adjacent pressing plate and operating the processing program, after the processing is finished, installing the detached pressing plate, readjusting the product supporting stud (75) to ensure the state of pressing and positioning the product, finishing the segmented processing, wherein other segmented processing operation methods are the same, after all segments are processed, removing a limiting baffle (11), installing a leeward side rotating support (76), and waiting for the next processing operation;

step five: dismantle fastening bolt, make windward side runing rest (77) be free state, operation PLC controller (10), at first roll the frock and cage subassembly (7) rotatory 180 to windward side up station, dismantle windward side runing rest (77), dismantle all windward side clamp plate (74), loosen product support double-screw bolt (75) on leeward side clamp plate (73), only respectively leave two in main aspects and tip and be used for propping up the product temporarily, conveniently finely tune the location product, the product is dismantled in the hoist and mount, wait for next product processing.