CN114749969B - Conical thin-wall part tool and positioning method - Google Patents
Conical thin-wall part tool and positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114749969B CN114749969B CN202210273307.3A CN202210273307A CN114749969B CN 114749969 B CN114749969 B CN 114749969B CN 202210273307 A CN202210273307 A CN 202210273307A CN 114749969 B CN114749969 B CN 114749969B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
Abstract
The invention discloses a conical thin-wall part tool and a positioning method. The invention adopts the housing, the tail tip cone, the auxiliary supporting device and the accessory parts thereof to finish positioning the conical thin-wall part, thereby realizing that the clamp has simple structure and is convenient to realize and assemble; according to the invention, the conical through hole of the housing, which is consistent with the taper of the conical thin-wall part, is used for carrying out contact positioning on the outer side surface of the large end of the workpiece, the floating tail tip cone is used for carrying out contact positioning on the spherical end of the conical thin-wall part, the pressing block of the large end surface of the housing is used for positioning the large end surface of the conical thin-wall part, and meanwhile, the support body of the auxiliary positioning device is used for carrying out contact auxiliary positioning on the middle part of the outer side surface of the conical thin-wall part, so that the accurate positioning on the conical thin-wall part can be realized. The efficiency of the positioning adjustment process is high, and the positioning accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing technology of a conical thin-wall part, in particular to a tool and a positioning method of the conical thin-wall part.
Background
The radome is one large conical thin-wall part for aviation aircraft, and is made of fused quartz, has Mohs hardness of 7, vickers hardness HV260 and elastic modulus of 72.4X10 3 The tensile strength is 34.4MPa, and the alloy has the characteristics of high hardness, low elastic modulus, high compressive strength, low tensile strength, poor plastic toughness and good heat resistance. The shape characteristics of the conical thin-wall part enable the part to have strong axial compressive resistance and easy deformation in radial clamping; the traditional positioning mode of the parts adopts scattered cover plates for combination, the relative positions of the cover plates are required to be continuously adjusted after the degrees of freedom of the workpiece are limited, and the clamping mode ensures that the positioning precision of the clamping parts is low, andthe position of the radome is frequently changed in the measuring or processing process so as to meet the test postures of different positions. In addition, the antenna housing is axially clamped by adopting a vacuum adsorption mode aiming at enterprises of the parts and adopting the friction force between the antenna housing and the female die generated by negative pressure, and the positioning mode has relatively high positioning accuracy but needs to strictly control the clamping force so as not to damage the workpiece; meanwhile, the positioning mode has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost.
Along with the development of the radar technology at present, the radome matched with the radar technology needs mass production, and a novel clamp is also required at the moment, so that the requirement of radome parts of a radar system is met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs a conical thin-wall part tool and a positioning method which have the advantages of simple structure, high positioning precision and high processing efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a conical thin-wall part tool comprises a screw, a cover plate, a handle seat, a screw seat, a thrust bearing, a spring, a screw nut, a housing, a tail tip cone, a supporting body, a pressing block, a guide bolt, balls, a sliding block and a turntable;
the shell is of a conical structure, the left section is a round tube, the middle section is a conical shell, the right section is a torus, the left end is a small end, the right end is a large end, the inner hole of the torus is a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is the same as that of the conical thin-wall part, and the conical through hole is in contact with the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part and is used for radial positioning and axial positioning of the large end of the conical thin-wall part; the right end face of the torus is fixedly connected with the pressing block; the pressing block presses the large end face of the conical thin-wall part at the same time;
the inner hole of the circular tube is matched with the tail end taper hole shaft; the screw nut is fixedly arranged at the left end of the tail tip cone; the left end of the housing is fixedly connected with the screw rod seat, and the left end of the screw rod seat is fixedly connected with the handle seat;
a boss is arranged in the middle of the screw rod, the screw rod on the left side of the boss is a polished rod, and the screw rod on the right side of the boss is a threaded rod; the right section of the screw rod is in threaded connection with a screw rod nut; the left section of the screw rod is provided with a spring, a thrust bearing, a screw rod seat and a cover plate in sequence from right to left; the spring is used for buffering in the installation process of the conical thin-wall part; the handle seat is a circular tube body, and the inner side of the circular tube body is connected with the outer side of the cover plate;
four radial through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the screw base, annular grooves are formed in positions, corresponding to the radial through holes, of the screw, the shape and the size of the annular grooves enable half of balls to fall into the annular grooves, and the balls fall into the annular grooves of the screw from the radial through holes of the screw base by means of gravity to lock the positions of the screw; the tail part of the screw rod is provided with a square seat, and the screw rod is rotated by rotating the square seat through a wrench; the length of the radial through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball.
The left end of the housing is connected with the turntable through a three-jaw chuck and used for controlling circumferential rotation of the housing. The right end of the housing is arranged on the center frame, and the axis position of the conical thin-wall part is adjusted by moving the sliding block on the center frame to adjust the axis position of the housing.
Further, the center hole of the screw rod seat is a three-section stepped round hole, the diameter of the round hole at the left section is minimum and is matched with the screw rod, the round hole at the middle section is provided with a thrust bearing, and the diameter of the round hole at the right section is maximum; the end face of the right end of the screw rod seat is a two-stage annular end face, and the annular end face on the outer side is in contact positioning with the end face of the small end of the housing;
the outer side surface of the screw rod seat is a three-section stepped cylindrical surface, the diameter of the left section cylindrical surface is minimum and is connected with the inner side of the middle section round hole of the handle seat, the middle section cylindrical surface is connected with the inner side of the right section round hole of the handle seat, and the middle annular end surface of the left end of the screw rod seat is connected with the inner annular end surface of the right end of the handle seat; the diameter of the right section cylindrical surface is the largest;
the central hole of the handle seat is a three-section stepped round hole, and the diameter of the round hole in the middle section is minimum and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the screw rod seat and the outer side of the right section of the cover plate simultaneously; the diameter of the round hole of the left section is larger than that of the middle section, and the round hole is used for the matched connection of the outer side of the left section of the cover plate; the diameter of the round hole of the right section is the largest and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the middle section of the screw rod seat; the inner side of the handle seat is uniformly provided with four semicircular grooves along the circumferential direction, the shape and the size of each semicircular groove are the same as those of one half of the ball, and when the circumferential positions of the semicircular grooves are the same as those of the four radial through holes of the screw seat, the ball enters the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat through the four radial through holes of the screw seat.
Further, four threaded holes are formed in the left end face of the screw rod seat along the circumferential direction; four stepped holes are formed in the large end face of the screw rod seat along the circumferential direction and are used for installing bolts B, and the screw rod seat is fixedly connected with the housing through the bolts B. The cover plate is provided with four axial through holes along the circumferential direction and is used for being connected with four threaded holes of the screw rod seat through bolts C; after the cover plate and the screw rod seat are connected, the boss of the cover plate and the screw rod seat extrudes the handle seat in the middle, so that the axial positioning of the handle seat is completed.
Further, a threaded through hole is formed in the inner side of the screw nut and is used for being matched with the screw in a threaded mode; a boss is arranged at the left end of the outer side of the screw nut, and the boss is contacted and positioned with the tail tip cone; the left end face of the screw nut is provided with two through holes for fixedly connecting the screw nut with the tail tip cone through the bolt A.
Further, the right end of the tail tip cone is provided with a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is larger than that of the conical thin-wall part, and the conical through hole is in contact positioning with the left end of the conical thin-wall part and is used for axially and radially positioning the conical thin-wall part; rectangular key grooves are formed in the outer sides of the tail tip cones.
Further, a radial threaded through hole is formed in the left section of the housing, a guide bolt is installed in the radial threaded through hole, and the inner end of the guide bolt is in contact with the rectangular groove of the tail tip cone and used for axially guiding the tail tip cone.
Further, a plurality of auxiliary supporting devices are arranged in the conical shell at the middle section of the housing, each auxiliary supporting device comprises a screw, a nut and a supporting body, the nuts are welded and fixed on the housing, the outer ends of the screws are in threaded connection with the nuts, and the inner ends of the screws are connected with the supporting bodies through spherical hinges; the inner end of the supporting body is contacted with the conical thin-wall part.
Further, the auxiliary supporting device is uniformly distributed with three groups along the axial direction of the conical shell, and each group is uniformly distributed with three groups along the circumferential direction.
Further, flexible gaskets are arranged among the supporting body, the tail tip cone, the housing, the pressing block and the conical thin-wall part and used for preventing the conical thin-wall part from being damaged in the positioning process.
The positioning method of the conical thin-wall part utilizes a conical thin-wall part tool to position, and the specific method comprises the following steps of:
A. axial and radial positioning of conical thin-walled parts
A1, horizontally placing the conical thin-wall part, slowly feeding the conical thin-wall part into a horizontally placed housing, and enabling the spherical end of the conical thin-wall part to be contacted with a conical through hole at the right end of a tail tip cone;
a2, continuously moving the tail tip cone left by the lead screw nut with the lead screw compression spring until the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part contacts with the conical through hole of the right section of the circular ring body of the housing until self-locking is achieved;
a3, the annular groove on the screw is exactly the same as the axial position of the four radial through holes on the inner side of the screw seat, and half of balls in the radial through holes fall into the annular groove on the screw under the action of gravity, and the other half of balls are positioned in the radial through holes of the screw seat;
a4, rotating the handle seat, so that the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat are staggered from the positions of the four radial through holes of the screw seat, and the balls are clamped between the annular grooves of the screw and the radial through holes of the screw seat, and the axial position of the screw is locked;
a5, pressing the conical thin-wall part on the large end face of the conical thin-wall part by the rotary pressing block, and completing axial and radial positioning of the conical thin-wall part.
B. Auxiliary positioning of conical thin-wall part
Sequentially screwing the screws in each auxiliary supporting device to enable the supporting body to be fully contacted with the outer side face of the conical thin-wall part, and completing auxiliary positioning of the conical thin-wall part;
C. alignment cone thin wall part axle center
The three-jaw chuck on the turntable is in a loosening state, the sliding block on the center frame is moved, the axis position of the conical thin-wall part is the same as the axis position of the main shaft of the machine tool through adjusting the axis position of the cover shell, and the three-jaw chuck is locked to fix the position of the cover shell; the three-jaw chuck on the rotary table is rotated to enable the conical thin-wall part to rotate along the axis so as to meet different measurement and processing pose;
D. disassembly of conical thin-walled parts
After the conical thin-wall part is machined, a three-jaw chuck on the rotary table is loosened, the housing is separated from the rotary table, a screw in the auxiliary supporting device is loosened, the supporting body is separated from the outer side face of the conical thin-wall part, the pressing block is rotated to enable the supporting body to be located at a position which avoids axial movement of the large end face of the conical thin-wall part, the square seat at the tail part of the screw rod is rotated through a wrench, torque is applied to enable the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod nut is driven to do axial movement through rotational movement of the screw rod, and the tail top cone is driven to do linear movement to push the conical thin-wall part out of the housing.
E. Screw resetting
The handle seat is rotated, the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves on the inner side of the handle seat are identical to those of the four radial through holes of the screw seat, the screw is driven to do linear motion under the action of the spring, the ball enters the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat through half of the four radial through holes of the screw seat under the pushing action of the screw annular groove, and the screw continues to do linear motion until reset.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the invention adopts the housing, the tail tip cone, the auxiliary supporting device and the accessory parts thereof, the positioning of the conical thin-wall part can be completed, and the simple structure of the clamp is realized, and the realization and the assembly are convenient;
2. according to the invention, the conical through hole of the housing, which is consistent with the taper of the conical thin-wall part, is used for carrying out contact positioning on the outer side surface of the large end of the workpiece, the floating tail tip cone is used for carrying out contact positioning on the spherical end of the conical thin-wall part, the pressing block of the large end surface of the housing is used for positioning the large end surface of the conical thin-wall part, and meanwhile, the support body of the auxiliary positioning device is used for carrying out contact auxiliary positioning on the middle part of the outer side surface of the conical thin-wall part, so that the accurate positioning on the conical thin-wall part can be realized. The efficiency of the positioning adjustment process is high, and the positioning precision is high;
3. the invention adopts the center frame device, the axis position of the cover shell is adjusted by moving the sliding block on the center frame, so that the axis position of the conical thin-wall part is the same as the axis position of the main shaft of the machine tool, and simultaneously, the cover shell can be rotated by rotating the three-jaw chuck on the rotary table, so that the circumferential position of the conical thin-wall part is adjusted, the requirements of different poses in measurement and processing are met, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a full cross-sectional view of a tapered thin-walled part under clamping by a clamp.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a tapered thin-walled part under clamping by a clamp.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a rear end of the clip.
Fig. 4 is an overall view of the tapered thin-walled part tooling.
Fig. 5 is a right side view of the tapered thin-walled part tooling.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the screw mount.
Fig. 7 is a left side view of the handle base.
In the figure: 1. screw, 2, cover plate, 3, handle seat, 4, screw seat, 5, thrust bearing, 6, spring, 7, screw nut, 8, housing, 9, tail end cone, 10, screw, 11, nut, 12, support body, 13, conical thin-wall part, 14, briquetting, 15, guide bolt, 16, bolt A,17, bolt B,18, ball, 19, bolt C,20, slider, 21, turntable.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1-7, a conical thin-wall part tool comprises a screw 1, a cover plate 2, a handle seat 3, a screw seat 4, a thrust bearing 5, a spring 6, a screw nut 7, a housing 8, a tail tip cone 9, a support body 12, a pressing block 14, a guide bolt 15, a ball 18, a sliding block 20 and a rotary table 21;
the housing 8 is of a conical structure, the left section is a circular tube, the middle section is a conical shell, the right section is a torus, the left end is a small end, the right end is a large end, the inner hole of the torus is a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is the same as the taper of the conical thin-wall part 13, and the conical through hole is in contact with the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part 13 and is used for radial positioning and axial positioning of the large end of the conical thin-wall part 13; the right end face of the torus is fixedly connected with the pressing block 14; the pressing block 14 simultaneously presses the large end face of the conical thin-wall part 13;
the inner hole of the circular tube is matched with the 9-hole shaft of the tail tip cone; the screw nut 7 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the tail tip cone 9; the left end of the housing 8 is fixedly connected with the screw rod seat 4, and the left end of the screw rod seat 4 is fixedly connected with the handle seat 3;
a boss is arranged in the middle of the screw rod 1, the screw rod 1 on the left side of the boss is a polished rod, and the screw rod 1 on the right side of the boss is a threaded rod; the right section of the screw rod 1 is in threaded connection with a screw rod nut 7; the left section of the screw rod 1 is provided with a spring 6, a thrust bearing 5, a screw rod seat 4 and a cover plate 2 in sequence from right to left; the spring 6 is used for buffering in the installation process of the conical thin-wall part 13; the handle seat 3 is a circular tube body, and the inner side of the circular tube body is connected with the outer side of the cover plate 2;
four radial through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the screw base 4, annular grooves are formed in positions, corresponding to the radial through holes, of the screw 1, the shape and the size of the annular grooves enable half of the balls 18 to fall into the annular grooves, and the balls 18 fall into the annular grooves of the screw 1 from the radial through holes of the screw base 4 by means of gravity to lock the positions of the screw 1; the tail part of the screw rod 1 is provided with a square seat, and the screw rod 1 is rotated by rotating the square seat through a wrench; the length of the radial through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball 18.
The left end of the housing 8 is connected with the turntable 21 through a three-jaw chuck for controlling the circumferential rotation of the housing 8. The right end of the housing 8 is arranged on the center frame, and the axis position of the conical thin-wall part 13 is adjusted by moving the sliding block 20 on the center frame to adjust the axis position of the housing 8.
Further, the center hole of the screw rod seat 4 is a three-section stepped round hole, the diameter of the round hole at the left section is the smallest, the round hole is matched with the screw rod 1, the round hole at the middle section is provided with a thrust bearing 5, and the diameter of the round hole at the right section is the largest; the end face of the right end of the screw rod seat 4 is a two-stage annular end face, and the annular end face on the outer side is in contact with the end face of the small end of the housing 8 for positioning;
the outer side surface of the screw rod seat 4 is a three-section stepped cylindrical surface, the diameter of the left section cylindrical surface is minimum and is connected with the inner side of a middle section round hole of the handle seat 3, the middle section cylindrical surface is connected with the inner side of a right section round hole of the handle seat 3, and the middle annular end surface of the left end of the screw rod seat 4 is connected with the inner annular end surface of the right end of the handle seat 3; the diameter of the right section cylindrical surface is the largest;
the central hole of the handle seat 3 is a three-section stepped round hole, and the diameter of the round hole in the middle section is minimum and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the screw seat 4 and the outer side of the right section of the cover plate 2 at the same time; the diameter of the round hole of the left section is larger than that of the middle section, and the round hole is used for the matched connection of the outer side of the left section of the cover plate 2; the diameter of the round hole of the right section is the largest and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the middle section of the screw rod seat 4; the inner side of the handle seat 3 is uniformly provided with four semicircular grooves along the circumferential direction, the shape and the size of each semicircular groove are the same as those of one half of the ball 18, and when the circumferential positions of the semicircular grooves are the same as those of the four radial through holes of the screw seat 4, the ball 18 enters the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat 3 through the four radial through holes of the screw seat 4.
Further, four threaded holes are formed in the left end face of the screw rod seat 4 along the circumferential direction; four stepped holes are formed in the large end face of the screw rod seat 4 along the circumferential direction and are used for installing bolts B17, and the screw rod seat 4 is fixedly connected with the housing 8 through the bolts B17. Four axial through holes are formed in the cover plate 2 along the circumferential direction and are used for being connected with four threaded holes of the screw rod seat 4 through bolts C19; after the cover plate 2 and the screw rod seat 4 are connected, the handle seat 3 is extruded in the middle by the bosses of the cover plate 2 and the screw rod seat 4, and the axial positioning of the handle seat 3 is completed.
Further, a threaded through hole is formed in the inner side of the screw nut 7 and is used for being in threaded fit with the screw 1; a boss is arranged at the left end of the outer side of the screw nut 7 and is contacted and positioned with the tail tip cone 9; the left end face of the screw nut 7 is provided with two through holes for fixedly connecting the screw nut 7 with the tail tip cone 9 through a bolt A16.
Further, the right end of the tail tip cone 9 is provided with a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is larger than that of the conical thin-wall part 13, and the conical through hole is in contact positioning with the left end of the conical thin-wall part 13 and is used for axially and radially positioning the conical thin-wall part 13; rectangular key grooves are formed in the outer side of the tail tip cone 9.
Further, a radial threaded through hole is formed in the left section of the housing 8, a guide bolt 15 is installed in the radial threaded through hole, and the inner end of the guide bolt 15 is in contact with the rectangular groove of the tip cone 9 and used for axially guiding the tip cone 9.
Further, a plurality of auxiliary supporting devices are arranged in the conical shell at the middle section of the housing 8, each auxiliary supporting device comprises a screw 10, a nut 11 and a supporting body 12, the nuts 11 are welded and fixed on the housing 8, the outer ends of the screws 10 are in threaded connection with the nuts 11, and the inner ends of the screws 10 are connected with the supporting bodies 12 through spherical hinges; the inner end of the supporting body 12 is contacted with the conical thin-wall part 13.
Further, the auxiliary supporting device is uniformly distributed with three groups along the axial direction of the conical shell, and each group is uniformly distributed with three groups along the circumferential direction.
Further, flexible gaskets are arranged among the supporting body 12, the tail tip cone 9, the housing 8, the pressing block 14 and the conical thin-wall part 13, and are used for preventing the conical thin-wall part 13 from being damaged in the positioning process.
The positioning method of the conical thin-wall part utilizes a conical thin-wall part tool to position, and the specific method comprises the following steps of:
A. axial and radial positioning of the conical thin-walled part 13
A1, horizontally placing a conical thin-wall part 13, slowly feeding the conical thin-wall part 13 into a horizontally placed housing 8, and enabling the spherical end of the conical thin-wall part 13 to be contacted with a conical through hole at the right end of a tail tip cone 9;
a2, the tail tip cone 9 continuously moves left by the screw nut 7 with the screw 1 and the compression spring 6 until the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part 13 contacts with the conical through hole of the right section of the circular ring body of the housing 8 to be self-locking;
a3, the annular groove on the screw 1 is exactly the same as the axial position of the four radial through holes on the inner side of the screw seat 4, and the balls 18 in the radial through holes fall into the annular groove on the screw 1 under the action of gravity, and the balls are half of the annular groove in the radial through holes of the screw seat 4;
a4, rotating the handle seat 3, so that the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat 3 are staggered from the positions of the four radial through holes of the screw seat 4, and the balls 18 are clamped between the annular grooves of the screw 1 and the radial through holes of the screw seat 4, and the axial position of the screw 1 is locked;
a5, the rotary pressing block 14 presses the conical thin-wall part 13 on the large end face of the conical thin-wall part 13, and axial and radial positioning of the conical thin-wall part 13 is completed.
B. Auxiliary positioning of conical thin-walled part 13
The screws 10 in each auxiliary supporting device are sequentially screwed, so that the supporting body 12 is fully contacted with the outer side surface of the conical thin-wall part 13, and auxiliary positioning of the conical thin-wall part 13 is completed;
C. alignment cone thin-wall part 13 axis
The three-jaw chuck on the turntable 21 is in a loosening state, the sliding block 20 on the center frame is moved, the axis position of the conical thin-wall part 13 is the same as the axis position of the main shaft of the machine tool by adjusting the axis position of the housing 8, and the three-jaw chuck is locked to fix the position of the housing 8; the conical thin-wall part 13 rotates along the axis by rotating a three-jaw chuck on the turntable 21 so as to meet different measurement and processing pose;
D. disassembly of row conical thin-walled part 13
After the conical thin-wall part 13 is machined, a three-jaw chuck on the rotary table 21 is loosened, the housing 8 is separated from the rotary table 21, the screw 10 in the auxiliary supporting device is loosened, the supporting body 12 is separated from the outer side face of the conical thin-wall part 13, the pressing block 14 is rotated to be in a position avoiding the axial movement of the large end face of the conical thin-wall part 13, the square seat at the tail part of the screw rod 1 is rotated through a wrench, torque is applied to enable the screw rod 1 to rotate, the screw rod nut 7 is driven to do axial movement through the rotational movement of the screw rod 1, and the tail top cone 9 is driven to do linear movement to push the conical thin-wall part 13 out of the housing 8.
E. Screw 1 reset
The handle seat 3 is rotated, the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves on the inner side of the handle seat 3 are the same as the circumferential positions of the four radial through holes of the screw seat 4, the screw 1 is driven to do linear motion under the action of the spring 6, the balls 18 enter the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat 3 through half of the four radial through holes of the screw seat 4 under the pushing action of the annular grooves of the screw 1, and the screw 1 continues to do linear motion until reset.
The right-left direction of the present invention is only with respect to fig. 1, and does not constitute any limitation of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and any equivalent concept or modification within the technical scope of the present invention is listed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A conical thin-wall part tool is characterized in that: the device comprises a screw (1), a cover plate (2), a handle seat (3), a screw seat (4), a thrust bearing (5), a spring (6), a screw nut (7), a housing (8), a tail tip cone (9), a support body (12), a pressing block (14), a guide bolt (15), a ball (18), a sliding block (20) and a rotary table (21);
the housing (8) is of a conical structure, the left section is a circular tube, the middle section is a conical shell, the right section is a torus, the left end is a small end, the right end is a large end, the inner hole of the torus is a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is the same as the taper of the conical thin-wall part (13), and the conical through hole is in contact with the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part (13) and used for radial positioning and axial positioning of the large end of the conical thin-wall part (13); the right end face of the torus is fixedly connected with the pressing block (14); the pressing block (14) presses the large end face of the conical thin-wall part (13) at the same time;
the inner hole of the circular tube is matched with the hole shaft of the tail tip cone (9); the screw nut (7) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the tail tip cone (9); the left end of the housing (8) is fixedly connected with the screw rod seat (4), and the left end of the screw rod seat (4) is fixedly connected with the handle seat (3);
a boss is arranged in the middle of the screw rod (1), the screw rod (1) on the left side of the boss is a polished rod, and the screw rod (1) on the right side of the boss is a threaded rod; the right section of the screw rod (1) is in threaded connection with a screw rod nut (7); the left section of the screw rod (1) is provided with a spring (6), a thrust bearing (5), a screw rod seat (4) and a cover plate (2) in sequence from right to left; the spring (6) is used for buffering in the installation process of the conical thin-wall part (13); the handle seat (3) is a circular tube body, and the inner side of the circular tube body is connected with the outer side of the cover plate (2);
four radial through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the screw base (4), annular grooves are formed in positions, corresponding to the radial through holes, of the screw (1), the shape and the size of the annular grooves enable half of the balls (18) to fall into the annular grooves, and the balls (18) fall into the annular grooves of the screw (1) from the radial through holes of the screw base (4) by means of gravity to lock the positions of the screw (1); the tail part of the screw rod (1) is provided with a square seat, and the screw rod (1) is rotated by rotating the square seat through a wrench; the length of the radial through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball (18);
the left end of the housing (8) is connected with the turntable (21) through a three-jaw chuck and is used for controlling circumferential rotation of the housing (8); the right end of the housing (8) is arranged on the center frame, and the axis position of the housing (8) is adjusted by moving a sliding block (20) on the center frame so as to adjust the axis position of the conical thin-wall part (13).
2. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: the center hole of the screw rod seat (4) is a three-section stepped round hole, the diameter of the round hole at the left section is minimum, the round hole is matched with the screw rod (1), the round hole at the middle section is provided with a thrust bearing (5), and the diameter of the round hole at the right section is maximum; the end face of the right end of the screw rod seat (4) is a two-stage annular end face, and the annular end face on the outer side is in contact positioning with the end face of the small end of the housing (8);
the outer side surface of the screw rod seat (4) is a three-section stepped cylindrical surface, the diameter of the left section cylindrical surface is minimum and is connected with the inner side of a middle section round hole of the handle seat (3), the middle section cylindrical surface is connected with the inner side of a right section round hole of the handle seat (3), and the middle annular end surface of the left end of the screw rod seat (4) is connected with the inner side annular end surface of the right end of the handle seat (3); the diameter of the right section cylindrical surface is the largest;
the central hole of the handle seat (3) is a three-section stepped round hole, and the diameter of the round hole in the middle section is minimum and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the screw seat (4) and the outer side of the right section of the cover plate (2) at the same time; the diameter of the round hole of the left section is larger than that of the middle section, and the round hole is used for the matched connection of the outer side of the left section of the cover plate (2); the diameter of the round hole of the right section is the largest and is used for being matched and connected with the outer side of the middle section of the screw rod seat (4); the inner side of the handle seat (3) is uniformly provided with four semicircular grooves along the circumferential direction, the shape and the size of each semicircular groove are the same as those of one half of the ball (18), and when the circumferential positions of the semicircular grooves are the same as those of the four radial through holes of the screw seat (4), the ball (18) enters the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat (3) through the four radial through holes of the screw seat (4).
3. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: four threaded holes are formed in the left end face of the screw rod seat (4) along the circumferential direction; four stepped holes are formed in the large end face of the screw rod seat (4) along the circumferential direction and are used for installing bolts B (17), and the bolts B (17) are used for fixedly connecting the screw rod seat (4) with the housing (8); four axial through holes are formed in the cover plate (2) along the circumferential direction and are used for being connected with four threaded holes of the screw rod seat (4) through bolts C (19); after the cover plate (2) and the screw rod seat (4) are connected, the handle seat (3) is extruded in the middle by the boss of the cover plate (2) and the screw rod seat (4), and the axial positioning of the handle seat (3) is completed.
4. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the screw nut (7) is provided with a threaded through hole for being in threaded fit with the screw (1); a boss is arranged at the left end of the outer side of the screw nut (7), and the boss is contacted and positioned with the tail tip cone (9); the left end face of the screw nut (7) is provided with two through holes, and the screw nut (7) and the tail tip cone (9) are fixedly connected through a bolt A (16).
5. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: the right end of the tail tip cone (9) is provided with a conical through hole, the taper of the conical through hole is larger than that of the conical thin-wall part (13), and the conical through hole is in contact positioning with the left end of the conical thin-wall part (13) and is used for axially and radially positioning the conical thin-wall part (13); rectangular key grooves are formed in the outer side of the tail tip cone (9).
6. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: the left section of the housing (8) is provided with a radial threaded through hole, a guide bolt (15) is arranged in the radial threaded through hole, the inner end of the guide bolt (15) is contacted with a rectangular groove of the tail tip cone (9), and the guide bolt is used for axially guiding the tail tip cone (9).
7. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of auxiliary supporting devices are arranged in the conical shell at the middle section of the housing (8), each auxiliary supporting device comprises a screw (10), a nut (11) and a supporting body (12), the nuts (11) are welded and fixed on the housing (8), the outer ends of the screws (10) are in threaded connection with the nuts (11), and the inner ends of the screws (10) are connected with the supporting bodies (12) through spherical hinges; the inner end of the supporting body (12) is contacted with the conical thin-wall part (13).
8. The tapered thin-walled part tooling of claim 7, wherein: the auxiliary supporting device is uniformly distributed with three groups along the axial direction of the conical shell, and each group is uniformly distributed with three groups along the circumferential direction.
9. The tapered thin-walled part tooling according to claim 1, wherein: flexible gaskets are arranged among the supporting body (12), the tail tip cone (9), the housing (8), the pressing block (14) and the conical thin-wall part (13) and used for preventing the conical thin-wall part (13) from being damaged in the positioning process.
10. A positioning method of a conical thin-wall part, which is positioned by using the tool for the conical thin-wall part according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: the specific method comprises the following steps:
A. axial and radial positioning of a conical thin-walled part (13)
A1, horizontally placing a conical thin-wall part (13) and slowly feeding the conical thin-wall part into a horizontally placed housing (8), wherein the spherical end of the conical thin-wall part (13) is contacted with a conical through hole at the right end of a tail tip cone (9);
a2, the tail tip cone (9) continuously moves leftwards through the lead screw nut (7) with the lead screw (1) compressing spring (6) until the outer side surface of the large end of the conical thin-wall part (13) contacts with the conical through hole of the right section of the housing (8) until self-locking is achieved;
a3, the annular groove on the screw (1) is exactly the same as the axial position of the four radial through holes on the inner side of the screw seat (4), and the balls (18) in the radial through holes fall into the annular groove on the screw (1) under the action of gravity, and the balls are half positioned in the radial through holes of the screw seat (4);
a4, rotating the handle seat (3), so that the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat (3) are staggered from the positions of the four radial through holes of the screw seat (4), and the balls (18) are clamped between the annular grooves of the screw (1) and the radial through holes of the screw seat (4), and the axial position of the screw (1) is locked;
a5, pressing the conical thin-wall part (13) on the large end surface of the conical thin-wall part (13) by using the rotary pressing block (14) to finish the axial and radial positioning of the conical thin-wall part (13);
B. auxiliary positioning of the conical thin-walled part (13)
Sequentially screwing the screws (10) in each auxiliary supporting device to enable the supporting body (12) to be fully contacted with the outer side surface of the conical thin-wall part (13) so as to finish auxiliary positioning of the conical thin-wall part (13);
C. aligning the axis of the conical thin-wall part (13)
The three-jaw chuck on the turntable (21) is in a loosening state, the sliding block (20) on the center frame is moved, and the axis position of the conical thin-wall part (13) is the same as the axis position of the main shaft of the machine tool by adjusting the axis position of the housing (8), so that the three-jaw chuck is locked, and the position of the housing (8) is fixed; the conical thin-wall part (13) rotates along the axis by rotating a three-jaw chuck on the rotary table (21) so as to meet different measurement and processing pose;
D. disassembly of the conical thin-walled part (13)
After the conical thin-wall part (13) is machined, loosening a three-jaw chuck on a rotary table (21), separating a housing (8) from the rotary table (21), loosening a screw (10) in an auxiliary supporting device, separating a supporting body (12) from the outer side surface of the conical thin-wall part (13), rotating a pressing block (14) to enable the pressing block to be in a position avoiding the axial movement of the large end surface of the conical thin-wall part (13), rotating a square seat at the tail part of a screw rod (1) through a spanner, applying torque to enable the screw rod (1) to rotate, driving a screw nut (7) to axially move through the rotary movement of the screw rod (1), and enabling a tail tip cone (9) to linearly move to push the conical thin-wall part (13) out of the housing (8);
E. the screw (1) is reset
The handle seat (3) is rotated, the circumferential positions of the four semicircular grooves on the inner side of the handle seat (3) are the same as the circumferential positions of the four radial through holes of the screw seat (4), the screw (1) is driven to do linear motion under the action of the spring (6), the balls (18) enter the four semicircular grooves of the handle seat (3) through the half of the four radial through holes of the screw seat (4) under the pushing action of the annular grooves of the screw (1), and the screw (1) continues to do linear motion until reset.
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| SU735358A1 (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1980-05-25 | Московский авиационный технологический институт им.К.Э.Циолковского | Apparatus for expanding thin-walled conical shells |
| JP4177699B2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2008-11-05 | 株式会社日平トヤマ | Cover member and desorption device |
| CN102962704B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-12-31 | 哈尔滨建成集团有限公司 | Special fixture for turning two end surfaces of thin-wall conical part |
| CN104858685B (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-18 | 久亿航宇科技（大连）有限公司 | Conical radome machining and fixing fixture |
| CN106112035B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-04-03 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | A kind of processing unit (plant) and processing method of conical thin-wall case |
| CN109676545B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-10-15 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Positioning and clamping device for conical antenna housing |
| CN108161787B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-18 | 首都航天机械公司 | One kind riveting flexible positioning device for cone shell section wall-board product |
| CN209175618U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-07-30 | 济南大学 | A kind of novel location structure for being suitable for conical radome flexible fixture |
| CN111823036B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-03-29 | 大连理工大学 | Rapid positioning device and method for thin-wall conical cylinder |
| CN113510858B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-02-28 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Automatic rotary rolling cage tool for special-shaped closed deep-cavity antenna housing and using method |
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