CN104175149A - Shaft product clamping device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A clamping device for shaft products, including a base and a working plate. A groove is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the working plate for fixing and installing a positioning bar. The positioning bar extends forward and backward. A set of compression components, the compression components specifically include a compression block, a V-shaped compression block, a cylinder rod and a compression cylinder, and a set of positioning components are respectively provided on the outside of the compression components on both sides of the positioning bar, and the positioning components specifically include a positioning support plate, Pneumatic fixed plate, auxiliary plate, ejector rod, wedge and positioning cylinder. The invention uses the V-shaped positioning block to limit the four degrees of freedom in the up, down, front and back directions of the shaft, automatically aligns the level with the axis, and automatically aligns the positioning surfaces of the processed product in the Y and Z directions through the 45-degree V-shaped groove. The V-shaped groove locates the outer circle datum plane, and the X-direction completes pneumatic clamping through the fixed positioning point and the movable device of the inclined block synchronously, which not only meets the requirements of processing multiple products with one fixture, but also reduces the number of repeated clamping.

Description

A clamping device and clamping method for shaft products

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a clamping device and a clamping method for shaft products.

Background technique

Machinery manufacturing is inseparable from metal cutting machine tools, and machine tool fixtures are one of the indispensable important process equipment to ensure the quality of machining, improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, reduce excessive requirements for workers' skills, and realize the automation of production process. Machine tool fixtures are widely used in the manufacturing industry, and the use of a large number of special machine tool fixtures provides the necessary conditions for mass production. In the past, after the line was drawn on the workpiece, the four-jaw chuck was used to install it according to the line, and then the inner hole was processed. During the correction process, when the two claws clamped on the cylindrical surface are adjusted, the workpiece will roll, causing the center line of the scribed hole to have an angular displacement, making it difficult to correct the workpiece and resulting in processing waste. People have designed and manufactured fixtures for this reason, and through years of use, the effect is very good.

With the rapid development of the processing and manufacturing industry, the precision and production efficiency of the processing parts are required to be higher, which is reflected in the concentration of processes in the processing, and the processing form of one person with multiple machines and one machine with multiple parts is widely used. Then the requirements for tooling fixtures are getting higher and higher, and there are two more advanced tooling fixtures, pneumatic and hydraulic. The processing auxiliary time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

In the lateral milling of rotary products, the commonly used milling clamping method is to use V-shaped blocks for positioning and clamping. However, this process method is only suitable for clamping a single product, and it is manually operated. Other existing clamping methods Methods Two-way flat-nose pliers were used for positioning and clamping, or a three-jaw self-centering chuck was used for clamping. These clamping and positioning methods are difficult to guarantee the accuracy in terms of position and symmetry, and uneven force will cause deformation, long clamping time and low efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to provide a clamping device and a clamping method for shaft products.

In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme, a clamping device for shaft products, the clamping device includes a base and a working plate, the working plate is set above the base, and several A supporting column, the supporting column is fixedly connected with the base and the working board respectively, a groove is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the working board for fixing and installing a positioning bar, the positioning bar extends forward and backward, and the positioning bar is fixed on the working board by screws, There are at least three sets of pressing components distributed on the left and right sides of the positioning bar, and the number of pressing components on both sides of the positioning bar is the same. The pressing components specifically include a pressing block, a V-shaped pressing block, a cylinder pull rod and a pressing cylinder. The compression cylinder is arranged under the working plate, and the cylinder tie rod is connected with the compression cylinder, and the cylinder tie rod runs through the work plate up and down. V-shaped pressing blocks are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the front and rear sides of the pressing block, and a V-shaped positioning groove corresponding to the shape is provided on the upper surface of the working plate corresponding to the V-shaped pressing block. The positioning is completed under the mutual cooperation of the pressing block and the V-shaped positioning groove. The V-shaped positioning groove is a 45-degree V-shaped groove. There are a set of positioning components on the outside of the pressing components on both sides of the positioning bar. The positioning components specifically include positioning supports Plate, pneumatic fixed plate, auxiliary plate, ejector rod, wedge and positioning cylinder, the auxiliary plate and pneumatic fixed plate are fixed on the working plate by screws, the auxiliary plate is installed on the inner side of the pneumatic fixed plate, and the height of the auxiliary plate is high For the pneumatic fixed plate, the part of the auxiliary plate higher than the pneumatic fixed plate has a number of via holes for the movement of the ejector pin. The number is the same as the number of V-shaped blocks, the positioning support plate is fixed on the outer edge of the pneumatic fixed plate by screws, the end of the push rod close to the positioning support plate has an opening slot, and the opening slot is provided with a corresponding wedge. The block is connected with the positioning cylinder located at the bottom of the pneumatic fixed plate. Under the action of the positioning cylinder, the wedge can move up and down through the pneumatic fixed plate and drive the ejector rod matched with it to move inwards to withstand the workpiece.

As an optimization, there are 4 large support columns between the base and the working board, two at the front and back.

As a preference, the positioning cylinder is fixed on the bottom of the pneumatic fixing plate by screws.

A shaft product clamping method in the present invention includes the following steps:

1) Workpiece limit, place the workpiece in the V-shaped groove corresponding to the working plate, and limit the workpiece through the V-shaped groove;

2) The workpiece is axially positioned, the positioning support plate is fixed, and the positioning cylinder drives the wedge to move upwards. Under the action of the wedge, the ejector rod is pushed to move inward, and the ejector rod pushes the workpiece under the guidance of the hole on the auxiliary plate. Hold to complete the axial positioning and axial clamping of the workpiece;

3) The workpiece is pressed. After the axial positioning and axial clamping of the workpiece are completed, the compression cylinder is started, and the cylinder rod is driven to move downward under the action of the cylinder. The cylinder rod drives the V-shaped pressing block to move downward. The block and the V-shaped positioning groove cooperate with each other to complete the compression and limit of the workpiece;

4) The workpiece clamping is completed and the processing starts.

The invention provides a clamping device for shaft products. The device limits the four degrees of freedom in the up, down, front and back directions of the shaft through the designed V-shaped positioning block, automatically aligns the level with the axis, and passes through the 45-degree V-shaped groove. Automatically align the positioning surface of the processed product in the Y and Z directions, and position the outer circle reference plane through the V-shaped groove, so as to meet the symmetry and parallelism requirements between the product outer circle center and the processed groove, and the X direction through the fixed positioning point and the inclined block The movable device completes the pneumatic clamping synchronously, which not only meets the requirements of processing multiple products with one set of fixtures, but also reduces the number of repeated clamping, achieves the effects of easy placement, easy access, and convenient operation, and ensures the processing accuracy of the product.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of pressing assembly and positioning assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of positioning assembly;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a V-shaped positioning groove.

In the figure: 1. Working board; 2. Pneumatic fixing board; 3. Positioning support board; 4. Supporting column; 5. Base; 6. Push rod; 7. Wedge; 8. Auxiliary board; 11, pressing block; 12, V-shaped pressing block; 13, cylinder rod; 14, pressing cylinder; 15, positioning cylinder; 16, workpiece; 17, V-shaped positioning groove.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or two The internal communication of a component can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.

The following describes a clamping device for shaft products according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 . The clamping device includes a base 5 and a working plate 1. A plurality of support columns 4 are arranged between the plates 1, and the support columns 4 are fixedly connected with the base 5 and the work plate 1 respectively. The middle position of the upper surface of the work plate 1 is provided with a groove for fixing and installing the positioning bar 10, and the positioning bar 10 is in the form of Extending forward and backward, the positioning bar 10 is fixed on the working plate 1 by screws. Three groups of pressing components are respectively distributed on the left and right sides of the positioning bar 10. The number of pressing components on both sides of the positioning bar 10 is consistent. The pressing components specifically include Compression block 11, V-shaped briquetting block 12, cylinder pull rod 13 and compression cylinder 14, compression cylinder 14 is located at the bottom of work plate 1, cylinder pull rod 13 connects compression cylinder 14, cylinder pull rod 13 runs through work plate 1 up and down, Under the action of the compression cylinder 14, the cylinder rod 13 can move up and down through the working plate 1. The compression block 11 is arranged on the top of the cylinder rod 13, and the lower surface of the compression block 11 is fixedly connected with a V-shaped compression block. Block 12, a V-shaped positioning groove 17 corresponding to the shape is provided at the position corresponding to the V-shaped pressing block 12 on the upper surface of the working plate 1, and the workpiece 16 interacts with the V-shaped pressing block 12 and the V-shaped positioning groove 17 during processing. Positioning is completed, the V-shaped positioning groove 17 is a 45-degree V-shaped groove, and a group of positioning components are respectively provided on the outside of the pressing components on both sides of the positioning bar 10. The positioning components specifically include a positioning support plate 3, a pneumatic fixing plate 2, an auxiliary Plate 8, ejector rod 6, wedge 7 and positioning cylinder 15, the auxiliary plate 8 and the pneumatic fixed plate 2 are fixed on the working plate 1 by screws, the auxiliary plate 8 is installed on the inner side of the pneumatic fixed plate 2, and the auxiliary plate 8 The height of the auxiliary plate 8 is higher than that of the pneumatic fixed plate 2, and the part of the auxiliary plate 8 higher than the pneumatic fixed plate 2 has several through holes 9 that are convenient for the movement of the ejector rod 6. Between the positioning grooves 17, the number of via holes 9 and ejector rods 6 is consistent with the number of V-shaped blocks 12. The positioning support plate 3 is fixed on the outer edge of the pneumatic fixing plate 2 by screws, and the ejector rods 6 are close to the positioning support plate. One end of 3 has an opening slot, and the opening slot is provided with a corresponding wedge 7, and the wedge 7 is connected to the positioning cylinder 15 located at the bottom of the pneumatic fixing plate 2, and the wedge 7 can penetrate through the pneumatic fixing plate under the action of the positioning cylinder 15 2 moves up and down and drives the ejector rod 6 matched with it to move inwards to withstand the workpiece 16.

As a preference, four large support columns 4 are provided between the base 5 and the working board 1, two at the front and rear respectively.

As a preference, the positioning cylinder 15 is fixed on the bottom of the pneumatic fixing plate 2 by screws.

A shaft product clamping method in the present invention includes the following steps:

1) Workpiece limit, place the workpiece 16 in the V-shaped groove 17 corresponding to the working plate 1, and limit the workpiece 16 through the V-shaped groove 17;

2) The workpiece is axially positioned, the positioning support plate 3 is fixed, and the positioning cylinder 15 drives the wedge 7 to move upwards. Under the action of the wedge 7, the ejector rod 6 is pushed to move inward, and the guide of the hole 9 on the auxiliary plate 8 Under the action, the ejector rod 6 supports the workpiece 16 to complete the axial positioning and axial clamping of the workpiece 16;

3) The workpiece is pressed. After the axial positioning and axial clamping of the workpiece are completed, the compression cylinder 14 is started, and under the action of the cylinder 14, the cylinder rod 13 is driven downward, and the cylinder rod 13 drives the V-shaped pressure block 12 downward. Movement, the V-shaped pressing block 12 and the V-shaped positioning groove 17 cooperate with each other to complete the pressing and limiting of the workpiece 16;

4) The workpiece clamping is completed and the processing starts.

The invention provides a clamping device for shaft products. The device limits the four degrees of freedom in the up, down, front and back directions of the shaft through the designed V-shaped positioning block, automatically aligns the level with the axis, and passes through the 45-degree V-shaped groove. Automatically align the positioning surface of the processed product in the Y and Z directions, and position the outer circle reference plane through the V-shaped groove, so as to meet the symmetry and parallelism requirements between the product outer circle center and the processed groove, and the X direction through the fixed positioning point and the inclined block The movable device completes the pneumatic clamping synchronously, which not only meets the requirements of processing multiple products with one set of fixtures, but also reduces the number of repeated clamping, achieves the effects of easy placement, easy access, and convenient operation, and ensures the processing accuracy of the product.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", or "some examples" mean that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or examples are included in the scope of the present invention. In at least one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. an axis products clamping device, it is characterized in that, described clamping device comprises base and working plate, working plate is located at the top of base, between base and working plate, be provided with some support columns, support column is fixedly connected with respectively with working plate with base, the upper surface centre position of working plate is provided with groove for fixedly mounting positioning strip, positioning strip is front and back to extension, positioning strip is fixed by screws on working plate, at least three groups that are each side distributed with of positioning strip hold down assembly, the quantity that holds down assembly of positioning strip both sides is consistent, described holding down assembly specifically comprises compact heap, V-type briquetting, air cylinder tie rod and clamping cylinder, clamping cylinder is located at the below of working plate, air cylinder tie rod connects clamping cylinder, air cylinder tie rod runs through working plate up and down, at the effect lower cylinder pull bar of clamping cylinder, can run through working plate moves up and down, described compact heap is located at the top of air cylinder tie rod, before and after compact heap, the lower surface of both sides is fixedly connected with V-type briquetting, in the working plate upper surface position corresponding with V-type briquetting, be provided with V-type locating slot corresponding to shape, add man-hour workpiece V-type briquetting and V-type locating slot cooperatively interact effect under complete location, V-type locating slot is 45 degree V-type grooves, the outside that positioning strip both sides hold down assembly is respectively provided with one group of positioning component, described positioning component specifically comprises positioning support fagging, pneumatic fixed head, accessory plate, push rod, voussoir and positioning cylinder, described accessory plate and pneumatic fixed head are fixedly mounted on working plate by screw, accessory plate is arranged on the inner side of pneumatic fixed head, the height of accessory plate is higher than pneumatic fixed head, accessory plate has higher than the part of pneumatic fixed head the via hole that several facilitate push rod to move, the corresponding workpiece in position of via hole is between V-type briquetting and V-type locating slot, the number of via hole and push rod is consistent with the number of V-block, described positioning support fagging is fixed by screws in the outward flange of pneumatic fixed head, push rod has open slot near one end of positioning support fagging, open slot place is provided with corresponding voussoir, voussoir connects the positioning cylinder that is located at pneumatic fixed head bottom, voussoir can run through pneumatic fixed head and move up and down and drive the push rod matching with it inwardly to move and withstand workpiece under the effect of positioning cylinder.

2. clamping device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with 4 large support columns between base and working plate, and front and back are respectively provided with two.

3. clamping device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described positioning cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom of pneumatic fixed head by screw.

4. according to a kind of axis products clamping method described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

1) workpiece, is placed on workpiece in the V-type groove that working plate is corresponding, by V-type groove, workpiece is carried out spacing;

2) workpiece axial location, positioning support fagging is fixed, and by positioning cylinder, is driven on voussoir and is moved, under the effect of voussoir, promote push rod and move to the inside, on accessory plate, the guide effect lower push rod of via hole withstands workpiece, completes axial location and the axial grip of workpiece;

3) Work-sheet pressing, after the axial location of workpiece and axial grip complete, start clamping cylinder, under the effect of cylinder, drive air cylinder tie rod to move downward, air cylinder tie rod drives V-type briquetting to move downward, and V-type briquetting and V-type locating slot have cooperatively interacted to the compression of workpiece and spacing;

4) clamping workpiece completes, and starts processing.