CN113508772B - Bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions - Google Patents
Bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN113508772B CN113508772B CN202110801407.4A CN202110801407A CN113508772B CN 113508772 B CN113508772 B CN 113508772B CN 202110801407 A CN202110801407 A CN 202110801407A CN 113508772 B CN113508772 B CN 113508772B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
- B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
- B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
- B63B43/14—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members
- B63B2043/145—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members pneumatic, e.g. inflatable on demand
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions, which relates to the technical field of marine platforms and comprises: the deck is provided with an upper platform, cabin bodies for regulating and controlling the distance between the deck and the water surface are connected below the deck through uniformly distributed upright columns, and supporting rods are connected among the upright columns in a staggered manner; the anchor assembly comprises anchor ropes arranged on the periphery of a deck, the anchor ropes are connected with first anchors placed on the seabed, the outer side of the cabin body is provided with an anti-impact plate, the bottom end of the anti-impact plate is flush with the bottom surface of the cabin body, included angles are formed between the anti-impact plate and the side face of the cabin body, and anti-skidding assemblies are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cabin body. The invention further develops the coastal culture to deep open sea, reduces the ecological environment bearing capacity of the coastal and the land, has stable sinking and floating of the platform and is less influenced by waves in the use process of the platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean platforms, in particular to a bottom-sitting type ocean ranching management platform with a sinking and floating function.
Background
The application number of the mother case is as follows: 202010191548.4, the patent names: the bottom-sitting type marine ranch management platform has a sinking and floating function.
The development and utilization of the ocean can effectively reduce the bearing capacity of the land ecological environment. United nations report that "the earth has been terrorised and human health is increasingly threatened if no action is taken to protect the environment". In the strategy of sustainable development, the sustainable safety of food is a primary problem, and the food acquisition is urgently required to pay more attention to the sustainability of ecological environment protection and resource utilization. With the continuous development and utilization of fishery resources, mariculture becomes the fastest part in fishery development, and many countries pay more and more attention to the development of mariculture. Mariculture is an industry with huge development potential, can play an important role in providing food for people and improving food structure, is the most effective mode for utilizing ocean land resources, can keep fishery resources from being exhausted forever, and can be completely built into a blue granary.
At present, mariculture is mainly focused on coastal sea areas, and deep open sea culture is almost blank. According to preliminary statistics, 90% of mariculture is concentrated in sea areas within a depth line of 10 meters and the like, 10% of mariculture is concentrated between the depth lines of 10-30m and the like, and development of deep and open sea culture spaces at the depth line of 30m and the like is almost not carried out. In mariculture, at present, two modes of cage culture and service culture are mainly used for artificial culture in sea areas, and the culture modes all need to be supported by lands or outer islands. Since the beginning of the century, colleges and universities, scientific research and enterprise units represented by Zhejiang ocean university and Zhejiang ocean science and technology limited company have successfully researched and developed deepwater cage culture equipment and technology, so that cage culture is expanded from the vicinity of the deep line of lOm and the like to the vicinity of the deep line of 10-30m and the like, but the expansion of culture space to the outside sea area or the sea area without depending on the sea area is impossible without taking the land or the outside sea area as a supporting platform.
As is well known, the development of deep and open sea pastures requires a relatively close distance platform for power demand, feed supply, daily management, logistics support and the like. If traditional cage culture, all need to build the breed platform at the cage of a net edge, can develop normal breed production. On one hand, a pasture management platform is constructed in deep and open sea, so that the pasture management platform has strong wind, wave and current resistance, and the traditional floating culture platform cannot adapt to the requirements; on the other hand, the continuous utilization of the culture sea area is considered, the natural environment of the sea area cannot be damaged, and the culture space is required to be convenient to transfer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions, so that coastal culture is further developed to deep open sea, the ecological environment bearing capacity of the coastal and land is reduced, the platform is stable in sinking and floating, and the influence of waves on the platform in the using process is small.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: bottom formula marine ranch management platform sits with ups and downs function includes:
the deck is provided with an upper platform, a cabin body for regulating and controlling the distance between the deck and the water surface is connected below the deck through uniformly distributed upright posts, and supporting rods are connected among the upright posts in a staggered manner; the upright post is internally provided with a water inlet and outlet pipe, and two ends of the water inlet and outlet pipe are respectively connected with the deck and the cabin body;
the anchoring component comprises anchoring ropes distributed around the deck, the anchoring ropes are connected with a first anchoring place on the seabed, the first anchoring is also connected with a second anchoring through the anchoring ropes, and a distance exists between the first anchoring and the second anchoring;
the cabin body outside is equipped with the impingement baffle, and impingement baffle bottom and cabin body bottom surface parallel and level and impingement baffle have the contained angle with cabin body side, cabin body bottom surface equipartition anti-skidding subassembly.
The cabin body and the deck are fixedly connected through the upright posts, so that the requirements on the overall performance and the overall strength of the platform can be met, the impact power of ocean currents and waves can be effectively reduced, the stability of the platform is enhanced, the working depth of the platform is increased, the specific working depth is developed from the current vicinity of the depth line of 10-30m and the like to the vicinity of the depth line of 40-60m and the like, the open sea area without land or islands as a base is fully utilized, a water pump, fuel, fresh water, a pressurized water cabin and the like can be arranged in the cabin body, so that the weight of the cabin body is increased after seawater is injected into the cabin body to achieve the purpose of increasing the friction force so as to reduce the sliding probability of the cabin body, and water inlet and outlet pipes arranged in the upright posts are used for extracting or discharging media in the cabin body. The platform is positioned and then is ensured to be positioned, positioned and safely moored on the sea through the mooring component, the acting directions of wind, wave and current of a moored sea area are also considered in the mooring process, the head of the platform faces the direction of the wind, wave and current, the first mooring is arranged on the periphery of the platform to ensure the safe mooring of the platform, the second mooring is arranged and keeps a distance from the first mooring, and the mooring arranged at intervals is utilized to increase the displacement difficulty of the first mooring so as to improve the mooring safety of the platform and avoid the displacement of the platform.
In an embodiment of the invention, a box structure sinking and floating stabilizing member is arranged below the deck, a strip-shaped sliding through groove is formed in the bottom surface of the sinking and floating stabilizing member, at least two air bags are distributed on the sinking and floating stabilizing member, a counterweight member is hung below the air bags, and the counterweight member is arranged below the bottom surface of the sinking and floating stabilizing member. The air bags are connected through the elastic part, the deck is supported by buoyancy through the sinking and floating stabilizing part arranged below the deck, the deck is supported by the rigid support of the upright post and the buoyancy of the sinking and floating stabilizing part, the upward buoyancy provided by the sinking and floating stabilizing part has a lifting effect on the stability of the deck on the water surface, the upward buoyancy provided by the sinking and floating stabilizing part has a certain counteracting effect on the impact force of the transverse waves or longitudinal waves around the deck on the deck to improve the stability of the deck on the water surface, the platform sinking and floating fluctuation range is reduced in the sinking and floating process of the platform by further hanging the weight parts below the air bags and connecting the air bags with each other, the risk that the platform is too inclined or overturned is prevented, and particularly, in the floating process of the platform, if the platform is inclined towards one side, the weight parts are inclined along with the inclined direction of the platform due to the action of gravity, drive the gasbag downwards at the gliding in-process of weight slope and provide buoyancy for the platform of incline direction and support in order to reduce or avoid the platform at the slope range of heavy float in-process, elastic component effect between the gasbag makes and keeps the interval between the gasbag when the platform recovers from the slope, elastic component shrink deformation when impelling the gasbag to reduce the interval under the effect of weight, effectively guarantee the platform at the stability of heavy float through above-mentioned design, make the platform have the effect of revising the slope range certainly, equally under the great condition of wave current, heavy float stabilizing member can also guarantee the deck at the steady of the surface of water.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the upright post is sleeved with a protective sleeve, a bearing ring is arranged between the protective sleeve and the upright post, and the protective sleeve is provided with a protective plate in a surrounding manner. The lag is used for reducing the striking injury of object striking to the stand through cup jointing on the stand surface, and makes lag and stand surface persist the transmission to the stand such as vibration that the clearance can form striking buffering space and reduce the lag and arouse through the race, and in the use, the lag is ordered about to the guard plate rotation under the wave effect when the stand is strikeed to the wave to weaken the impact force of wave to the stand.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the cabin is provided with a hole for inserting the anti-slip component, and the insertion position is provided with a sealing protection element. The mode of designing the anti-skidding components which are uniformly distributed on the cabin body is adopted, the contact quantity between the cabin body and the seabed is reduced under the condition that the stable sitting bottom of the cabin body is ensured, a certain space is reserved between the cabin body and the seabed so as to deal with the seabed of different terrains, if a larger seabed foundation with concave and convex shapes has adverse effects on the bottom surface of the cabin body, the arranged anti-skidding components can effectively play anti-skidding and protection roles, and the connection mode of the rotating anti-skidding components and the cabin body is convenient for maintaining or dismounting the anti-skidding components on the bottom surface of the cabin body to change the supporting position of the anti-skidding components.
In an embodiment of the invention, the anti-slip assembly comprises an anti-slip base body, the anti-slip base body is composed of an upper base body and a lower base body, the section of the upper base body is of a forward trapezoidal structure, the section of the lower base body is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, an adjusting through hole is arranged in the anti-slip base body, one port of the adjusting through hole is arranged on the surface of the upper base body of the anti-slip base body, the other port of the adjusting through hole is arranged on the trapezoidal side face of the lower base body of the anti-slip base body, and a slip flexible rod is arranged in the adjusting through hole. The section width of the anti-skid base body is larger than the section height of the anti-skid base body, the bearing stress of the anti-skid base body on the cabin body is guaranteed through the design of the section structure of the anti-skid base body, the anti-skid component can achieve the contact of the anti-skid component and the seabed foundation, the adsorption force of soil on the seabed on the anti-skid component to the cabin body is reduced, and the bottom surface of the cabin body is prevented from being empty. Specifically, the adjusting through holes of the anti-skidding base bodies are communicated with the interior of the cabin body, under the condition that the water pressure cabin is injected into the cabin body to enable the platform to sit at the bottom, the water pressure in the cabin body extrudes the skidding flexible rods to slide outwards to enable the skidding flexible rods to extend out of the anti-skidding base bodies to be in contact with a seabed foundation or to be inserted into the seabed foundation, further stable connection of the bottom surface of the cabin body and the seabed is achieved, the water pressure in the cabin body reduces the skidding flexible rods to slide towards the interior of the anti-skidding base bodies in the floating process of the platform, and the mode effectively avoids the phenomenon that the contact between a larger plane and the seabed foundation possibly causes larger adsorption force of soil on the seabed foundation to the plane, namely, the design effectively reduces the adsorption force of the soil on the bottom surface of the seabed foundation to the bottom surface of the cabin body, and the gaps between the anti-skidding components on the bottom surface of the cabin body can be effectively reduced through the extending out of the anti-skidding base bodies and the flexible rods, so that the fluid circulation difficulty is increased and the bottom surface of the cabin body is prevented from being washed out.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of the upper base body of the antiskid base body is arranged in the cabin body, the end part of the sliding flexible rod close to the end surface of the upper base body of the antiskid base body is connected with the sliding plug piece, and the sliding plug piece is connected with the inner bottom surface of the cabin body through the telescopic rope body. In order to avoid the leakage of the ballast water body in the cabin body through the adjusting through hole, the sliding of the sliding flexible rod is ensured by the mode of arranging the sliding plug piece, the leakage of the ballast water body in the cabin body is avoided, the sliding plug piece is generally a sealing rubber plug and can be displaced under the action of water pressure, and the rope body is utilized to reset the sliding plug piece or limit the outward sliding amount of the sliding flexible rod under the condition that the water pressure is eliminated.
In an embodiment of the invention, a limiting chamber with a larger aperture than the adjusting through hole is further arranged in the anti-skid substrate, the limiting chamber and the adjusting through hole are coaxially arranged, the inlet and outlet ends of the limiting chamber are respectively connected with the adjusting through hole, a second adjusting spring with a diameter larger than that of the adjusting through hole is arranged in the limiting chamber, and two ends of the second adjusting spring are respectively connected with the sliding flexible rod. Optionally, a first adjusting support piece with a diameter larger than the adjusting through hole is arranged at the joint of the second adjusting spring far away from the outlet end of the limiting cavity and the sliding flexible rod, and the first adjusting support piece is spherical. The sliding extending amount of the sliding flexible rod is limited by the mode of arranging the limiting cavity, the second adjusting spring inside the limiting cavity and the first adjusting support piece.
In an embodiment of the invention, the wave-proof base members which are vertically arranged are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the deck, the cross section of the wave-proof base member is of an I-shaped structure, the side of the wave-proof base member is provided with a horizontally arranged wave-proof main board, the side surface of the wave-proof main board is provided with a limiting sliding auxiliary board which is in limiting connection with the inner side of the I-shaped structure of the wave-proof base member, through holes are arranged in an array on the surface of the wave-proof main board, a floating slide rod which can slide is inserted in the through holes, the upper surface and the lower surface of the wave-proof main board are respectively provided with a wave-proof floating board, and the upper end and the lower end of the floating slide rod are respectively connected with the wave-proof floating boards. Utilize the impact load buffering of the wave current of anti-wave substrate piece to the impact deck, the rethread sets up the mode that can follow the anti-wave mainboard that anti-wave substrate piece slided from top to bottom, make the deck be equipped with all around can along with wave upper and lower floating member further reduce the impact effect of wave to the deck, the anti-wave kickboard that sets up on the anti-wave mainboard, the anti-wave kickboard floats when the wave strikes the deck along with anti-wave mainboard fluctuation from top to bottom, at first anti-wave mainboard and anti-wave kickboard float from top to bottom along with the wave, the fluctuation of anti-wave mainboard is floated with the wave that consumes the wave and is played and consume the distance that wave impact power and expansion wave struck the deck, and the anti-wave kickboard is favorable to subducing the noise volume that the wave strikes and cause along with wave secondary consumption of wave fluctuation from top to bottom.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the width of the deck is less than or equal to the width of the cabin, so as to avoid the adverse effect of the dock berthing or dock entering and exiting.
The application method of the bottom-sitting type marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions comprises the steps of filling seawater into a cabin body to enable the cabin body to sink gradually when the platform sits at the bottom, enabling the bottom of the cabin body to be attached to the seabed, discharging the seawater in the cabin body out of the cabin body when the platform needs to move, enabling the cabin body to leave the seabed, providing all buoyancy required by the platform, and dragging the platform by a dragging mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the cabin body and the deck are fixedly connected through the upright posts, so that the requirements on the overall performance and the overall strength of the platform can be met, the impact power of ocean currents and waves can be effectively reduced, the stability of the platform is enhanced, the working depth of the platform is increased, the specific working depth is developed from the current vicinity of the depth line of 10-30m and the like to the vicinity of the depth line of 40-60m and the like, the open sea area without land or islands as a base is fully utilized, a water pump, fuel, fresh water, a pressurized water cabin and the like can be arranged in the cabin body, so that the weight of the cabin body is increased after seawater is injected into the cabin body to achieve the purpose of increasing the friction force so as to reduce the sliding probability of the cabin body, and water inlet and outlet pipes arranged in the upright posts are used for extracting or discharging media in the cabin body. After the platform is positioned, the offshore positioning, the positioning and the safe mooring of the platform are ensured through the anchoring assembly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a submersible marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the columns on the deck according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic sinking and floating diagram of a bottom-seated marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a nacelle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a connection between a submersible marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions and a mooring component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a connection between a pillar and a support rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a submersible marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of the upright post and the sinking-floating stabilizer on the deck according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic view of the interior of a stabilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of the interior of the anti-skid assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic connection diagram of the wave-proof base member, the wave-proof main board, and the wave-proof floating board according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view illustrating a connection state between a column and a protective sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 shows the initial plateau results of the platform in example 4 of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 10-deck; 11-first mooring; 12-second mooring; 13-anchor line; 14-an upper platform; 20-a column; 21-a support bar; 22-a bearing ring; 23-a protective sleeve; 24-protective plate; 30-a cabin body; 31-impingement plate; 40-a slip-resistant component; 41-rope body; 42-adjusting the through hole; 43-sliding plug; 44-a first adjustment support; 45-a second regulating spring; 46-a non-slip matrix; 47-half through notch; 48-a confinement chamber; 49-sliding flexible rods; 410-overload gap; 50-a sinking and floating stabilizer; 51-a counterweight; 52-a sliding through groove; 53-air bag; 54-an elastic member; 60-a wave-breaking base member; 61-wave-proof main board; 62-wave-proof floating plate; 63-a floating slide bar; and 64-limiting the sliding auxiliary plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 12, the bottom-seated marine ranch management platform with sinking and floating functions includes:
the deck comprises a deck 10, wherein an upper platform 14 is arranged on the deck 10, a cabin body 30 for regulating and controlling the distance between the deck 10 and the water surface is connected below the deck 10 through uniformly distributed upright posts 20, and supporting rods 21 are connected among the upright posts 20 in a staggered manner; the upright post 20 is internally provided with a water inlet and outlet pipe, and two ends of the water inlet and outlet pipe are respectively connected with the deck 10 and the cabin body 30;
the mooring component comprises mooring ropes 13 arranged on the periphery of a deck, the mooring ropes 13 are connected with a first mooring 11 placed on the seabed, the first mooring 11 is also connected with a second mooring 12 through the mooring ropes 13, and the first mooring 11 is spaced from the second mooring 12;
the outer side of the cabin body 30 is provided with an impingement plate 31, the bottom end of the impingement plate 31 is flush with the bottom surface of the cabin body 30, an included angle is formed between the impingement plate 31 and the side surface of the cabin body 30, and anti-skid components 40 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cabin body 30.
The cabin body 30 and the deck 10 are fixedly connected through the upright columns 20, the requirements of the overall performance and the overall strength of the platform can be met, the impact power of ocean currents and waves can be effectively reduced, the stability of the platform is enhanced, the working depth of the platform is increased, the specific working depth is developed from the current vicinity of the depth line of 10-30m and the like to the vicinity of the depth line of 40-60m and the like, the open sea area without land or island as a base is fully utilized, a water pump, fuel, fresh water, a pressure water cabin and the like can be arranged in the cabin body 30, so that the weight of the cabin body 30 is increased after seawater is injected into the cabin body 30 to achieve the purpose of increasing the friction force so as to reduce the slippage probability of the cabin body 30, and water inlet and outlet pipes arranged in the upright columns 20 are used for extracting or discharging media in the cabin body 30. The offshore positioning, the positioning and the safe mooring of the platform are ensured by the anchoring component after the platform is positioned, the acting directions of wind, wave and current of a moored sea area are also considered in the mooring process, the head of the platform faces the direction of the wind, wave and current, the first anchoring 11 is arranged on the periphery of the platform to ensure the safe mooring of the platform, the displacement difficulty of the first anchoring 11 is increased by the arranged second anchoring 12 and keeping the distance between the second anchoring and the first anchoring 11, and the mooring safety of the platform is improved and the displacement is avoided.
According to the standard formula 1 during the design of the pressurized water cabin in the cabin body 30, the transverse size of the pressurized water cabin is reduced, the transverse size of the pressurized water cabin is obtained through the standard formula 1, and the influence of free liquid formed by water which is not completely discharged in the cabin body 30 when the platform floats on the cabin body 30 and the initial stability of the platform is effectively reduced.
The specific standard formula is that the transverse size of the pressurized water bin is obtained by calculating the initial stability of the free liquid surface to the platform, and the standard formula 1 is as follows:
Whthe initial stability is high; w is anThe weight of the liquid in the pressurized water bin; i.e. ixThe transverse moment of inertia of the liquid level of the pressurized water bin; delta is the total displacement of the platform, wherein after the transverse dimension of the intermediate pressure water sump is reduced, sigma wnixThe value of (c) is then reduced to reduce the initial stability to the platform.
A box-packed structure sinking and floating stabilizing member 50 is arranged below the deck 10, a strip-shaped sliding through groove 52 is formed in the bottom surface of the sinking and floating stabilizing member 50, at least two air bags 53 are distributed on the sinking and floating stabilizing member 50, a counterweight 51 is hung below the air bags 53, and the counterweight 51 is arranged below the bottom surface of the sinking and floating stabilizing member 50. The air bags 53 are connected through the elastic part 54, the deck 10 is provided with buoyancy support by arranging the sinking and floating stabilizing part 50 below the deck 10, the deck 10 is provided with double support effect by rigid support of the upright column 20 and buoyancy support of the sinking and floating stabilizing part 50, the upward buoyancy provided by the sinking and floating stabilizing part 50 has a lifting effect on the stability of the deck 10 on the water surface, the specific upward buoyancy provided by the sinking and floating stabilizing part 50 has a certain counteracting effect on the impact force of transverse waves or longitudinal waves around the deck 10 on the deck 10 so as to improve the stability of the deck 10 on the water surface, the balance weight part 51 is further hung below the air bags 53 and the air bags 53 are connected with each other so as to reduce the fluctuation range of the sinking and floating of the platform in the sinking and floating process of the platform and prevent the platform from the risk of overlarge inclination or overturning, and particularly, if the platform inclines to one side in the sinking and floating process of the platform, the weight part 51 inclines along with the inclination direction of the platform under the action of gravity, the air bags 53 are driven to downwards provide buoyancy support for the platform in the inclination direction in the inclined and downward sliding process of the weight part 51 so as to reduce or avoid the inclination amplitude of the platform in the sinking and floating process, the distance between the air bags 63 is kept under the action of the elastic part 54 between the air bags 53 when the platform recovers from the inclination, the elastic part 54 contracts and deforms under the action of the weight part 51 when the distance between the air bags 53 is reduced, the stability of the platform in sinking and floating is effectively ensured through the design, the platform has the effect of self-correcting the inclination amplitude, and the sinking and floating stabilizing part 50 also can ensure the stability of the deck 10 on the water surface under the condition of large wave current.
The surface of the upright post 20 is sleeved with a protective sleeve 23, a bearing ring 22 is arranged between the protective sleeve 23 and the upright post 20, and the protective sleeve 23 is surrounded with a protective plate 24. The surface of the upright post 20 is sleeved with the protective sleeve 23 to reduce the impact damage of the object to the upright post 20 due to impact, the bearing ring 22 enables the protective sleeve 23 and the surface of the upright post 20 to reserve a gap to form an impact buffering space and reduce the transmission of vibration and the like caused by the protective sleeve 23 to the upright post 20, and in the using process, the protective plate 24 drives the protective sleeve 23 to rotate under the action of waves when the waves impact the upright post 20 so as to weaken the impact force of the waves on the upright post 20.
The bottom of the cabin 30 is provided with a hole for connecting with the anti-slip component 40, and a sealing protection part is arranged at the connecting position. The mode of uniformly distributing the anti-skid assemblies 40 on the cabin body 30 is adopted to reduce the contact amount between the cabin body 30 and the seabed under the condition of ensuring the stable sitting bottom of the cabin body 30, so that a certain spacing space is reserved between the cabin body 30 and the seabed to deal with the seabed of different terrains, if a larger seabed foundation with concave and convex shapes has adverse influence on the bottom surface of the cabin body 30, the arranged anti-skid assemblies 40 can effectively play anti-skid and protection roles, and the connection mode of the rotary anti-skid assemblies 40 and the cabin body 30 is convenient for maintaining or dismounting the anti-skid assemblies 40 on the bottom surface of the cabin body 30 to change the supporting position.
The antiskid assembly 40 comprises an antiskid base body 46, the antiskid base body 46 is composed of an upper base body and a lower base body, the section of the upper base body is of a forward trapezoidal structure, the section of the lower base body is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, an adjusting through hole 42 is formed in the antiskid base body 46, one end of the adjusting through hole 42 is formed in the surface of the upper base body of the antiskid base body 46, the other end of the adjusting through hole 42 is formed in the trapezoidal side face of the lower base body of the antiskid base body 46, and a sliding flexible rod 49 is arranged in the adjusting through hole 42. The section width of the anti-skid base 46 is larger than the section height, the bearing stress of the anti-skid base 46 on the cabin 30 is ensured by designing the section structure of the anti-skid base 46, the anti-skid component 40 can be adjusted to be in contact with a seabed foundation, the adsorption force of soil on the seabed on the anti-skid component 40 on the cabin 30 is reduced, and the bottom surface of the cabin 30 is prevented from being empty. Specifically, the adjusting through-holes 42 of the non-slip base 46 are communicated with the interior of the hull 30, and in case that the water ballast is injected into the hull 30 to bottom the platform, the flexible rod 49 inside the cabin 30 slides outwards under the extrusion of water pressure to make it extend out of the anti-skid base 46 to contact with the seabed foundation or insert into the seabed foundation, so as to realize the further stable connection between the bottom surface of the cabin 30 and the seabed, during the floating process of the platform, the water pressure in the cabin body 30 reduces the slippage of the slippage flexible rod 49 towards the inside of the slippage-proof base body 46, so that the mode effectively avoids the contact of a larger plane and the seabed foundation which may cause larger adsorption force of the soil on the seabed foundation to the plane, that is, the above design effectively reduces the adsorption force of the seabed foundation soil to the bottom surface of the cabin 30, and the anti-skid base 46 extends outward and the flexible rod 49 can effectively reduce the gap between the anti-skid components 40 on the bottom surface of the cabin 30, so as to increase the difficulty of fluid circulation and prevent the bottom surface of the cabin 30 from being washed out.
The upper surface of the upper part of the antiskid base 46 is arranged in the cabin 30, the end part of the flexible sliding rod 49 close to the end surface of the upper part of the antiskid base 46 is connected with a sliding plug 43, and the sliding plug 43 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the cabin 30 through a telescopic rope 41. In order to prevent the ballast water in the cabin 30 from leaking out through the adjusting through holes 42, the sliding flexible rods 49 are ensured to slide by arranging the sliding plug 43, and the ballast water in the cabin 30 is prevented from leaking out, the sliding plug 43 is generally a sealing rubber plug, can be displaced under the action of water pressure, and can be reset by using the rope bodies 41 or can limit the outward sliding amount of the sliding flexible rods 49 by using the rope bodies 41 under the condition that the water pressure is eliminated.
A limiting cavity 48 with the aperture larger than that of the adjusting through hole 42 is further arranged in the anti-skid base 46, the limiting cavity 48 and the adjusting through hole 42 are coaxially arranged, the inlet end and the outlet end of the limiting cavity 48 are respectively connected with the adjusting through hole 42, a second adjusting spring 45 with the diameter larger than that of the adjusting through hole 42 is arranged in the limiting cavity 48, and two ends of the second adjusting spring 45 are respectively connected with a sliding flexible rod 49. Optionally, a first adjusting support 44 with a diameter larger than that of the adjusting through hole 42 is arranged at the joint of the second adjusting spring 45 far away from the outlet end of the limiting chamber 48 and the sliding flexible rod 49, and the first adjusting support 44 is spherical. The sliding extending amount of the sliding flexible rod 49 is limited by the way of arranging the limiting chamber 48 and the second adjusting spring 45 and the first adjusting support 44 inside the limiting chamber.
The vertical ripples base member 60 of preventing that sets up of deck 10 equipartition all around, the ripples base member 60 cross-section of preventing is I shape structure, prevent ripples base member 60 side and be equipped with the ripples mainboard 61 that prevents that the level set up, prevent ripples mainboard 61 side be equipped with prevent the inboard spacing subplate 64 that slides of ripples base member 60I shape structure, prevent ripples mainboard 61 surface permutation through-hole of arranging, the interpolation of through-hole connects gliding unsteady slide bar 63, prevent ripples mainboard 61 upper and lower surface and be equipped with respectively and prevent ripples kickboard 62, the upper and lower end of unsteady slide bar 63 is connected with preventing ripples kickboard 62 respectively. The impact load of the wave current impacting the deck 10 is buffered by the wave-proof base member 60, and then the impact effect of the waves on the deck 10 is further reduced by the floating members up and down along the waves by arranging the wave-proof main plate 61 capable of sliding up and down along the wave-proof base member 60, the wave-proof floating plate 62 arranged on the wave-proof main plate 61 is arranged on the periphery of the deck 10, when the wave-proof floating plate 62 floats up and down along the wave-proof main plate 61 and floats on the deck 10, firstly, the wave-proof main plate 61 and the wave-proof floating plate 62 float up and down along the waves, the floating of the wave-proof main plate 61 floats up and down along the waves to consume the wave impact force and expand the distance from the waves to the deck 10, and the secondary consumption of the waves by the wave-proof floating plate 62 floating up and down along the waves is favorable for reducing the noise volume caused by the wave impact.
The deck 10 has a width less than or equal to the width of the hull 30 to avoid adverse effects on the platform when the platform is docked or docked.
Example 2:
the use method of the bottom-sitting type marine ranch management platform with the sinking and floating functions comprises the following steps:
and (4) sea area selection. Depending on the area where the cultivation is to be developed, the outer offshore sea area, especially the sea area where no islands are supported, is usually selected to be within-40 m of water depth. The wind power is above 12 levels, the wave height is within 6m, and the flow speed is within 1.2 m/s. The substrate is typically mud, sand or silt.
And (5) anchoring and fixing. When the platform arrives at a designated sea area position, the directions of the acting forces of wind, waves and currents are fully analyzed, the platform head is preferably anchored in the direction facing the wind, waves and currents, and then anchor chains are pulled to anchor in a radial manner in all directions, so that the platform is ensured to be in a good stressed state and good stability.
The operation is used. After the platform is anchored, sea water is poured into the cabin body 30 to enable the cabin body 30 to gradually sink, and after the cabin body 30 is seated, the whole weight of the deck and facility equipment of the deck is supported through the upright posts 20, so that the deck 10 can be exposed above the water surface at the highest tide of a flood and is not impacted by ocean current waves. When the platform needs to be moved, the seawater in the chamber 30 is discharged out of the chamber to enable the chamber 30 to leave the seabed and provide all buoyancy required by the platform, and then the platform can be moved.
The platform moves. When the farm is set or transferred, the mobile platform is required to be generally dragged and moved by using a ship. If the structure platform such as ship shape, also can install driving system and carry out navigation by oneself, more conveniently reach and remove the purpose.
Example 3:
this example provides the following scheme based on example 1:
the shape of the deck 10 at the upper part of the platform can be determined according to actual conditions, such as ship shape, rectangle, square, circle and irregular shape, for example, the ship shape and the rectangle are used when the sea area is in a reciprocating flow, and the ship shape and the rectangle are used when the sea area is in a circular or square shape to reduce the resistance in the direction of the oncoming flow.
The upper platform 14 provided on the deck 10 is a non-submerged structure, regardless of the direct action of the waves, wherein the height of the gap between the lower edge of the lowest member of the upper platform 14 and the wave crest is not necessarily greater than 1.2m, but should not be less than the calculated value of the following specification equation 2:
normalizing formula 2: c ═ 0.1(H1+ H2+ H3);
in the formula, H1 is astronomical tide height (m), H2 is storm tide height (m), and H3 is the height of the maximum design wave height above the design high tide level.
The platform working water depth of this application should consider astronomical tide, storm tide, should leave certain peak gap height and specifically mean: the wave crest and the pore height of the structural component at the lower part of the upper platform can be used for providing enough production and living operation space, and can also be suitable for equipment with functions of net cage processing, installation and shipping, and the area of the upper deck 10 of the common platform is 200 plus 1000 square meters.
Example 4:
in this embodiment, a movable management platform in embodiment 1 of the present application is modeled as a simulation group 1 through numerical simulation, another management platform is modeled as a simulation group 2 on the basis of the management platform 1 in embodiment 1, and the simulation group 2 is not provided with the sinking-floating stabilizing member 50, wherein the numerical simulation marine environment is shown in table 1 below, and the platform primary stability results of the simulation groups 1 and 2 are shown in fig. 13.
TABLE 1 Marine environmental conditions for various working conditions
| Type of operating mode | Height of sense wave/m | Spectral peak period/s | Wind speed/m.S-1 | Superficial velocity/m.S-1 |
| Working conditions | 3.6 | 7.4 | 24.5 | 0.97 |
| Self-stored operating conditions | 7.7 | 10.5 | 56.2 | 1.98 |
| Towing operating mode | 5.0 | 10.0 | 52.3 | 1.03 |
It can be known from the attached figure 13 that the initial stability of the platform of the simulation group 1 is always higher than that of the platform of the simulation group 2 when the platform sinks, and the stability of the platform of the simulation group 2 without the sinking and floating stabilizer 50 is always at a lower level, which is not beneficial to the sinking and floating stability of the platform. The parameters of the simulation group 1 all meet the standards of the entry specifications for offshore mobile platforms (2012) promulgated by the CCS.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. Bottom formula marine ranch management platform sits with ups and downs function includes:
the deck structure comprises a deck (10), wherein an upper platform (14) is arranged on the deck (10), a cabin body (30) for regulating and controlling the distance between the deck (10) and the water surface is connected below the deck (10) through uniformly distributed upright posts (20), and supporting rods (21) are connected among the upright posts (20) in a staggered manner;
the mooring component comprises mooring lines (13) arranged on the periphery of a deck, and the mooring lines (13) are connected with a first mooring (11) placed on the seabed;
the method is characterized in that: the outer side of the cabin body (30) is provided with an impingement plate (31), the bottom end of the impingement plate (31) is flush with the bottom surface of the cabin body (30), an included angle is formed between the impingement plate (31) and the side surface of the cabin body (30), and anti-skid assemblies (40) are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cabin body (30); the bottom surface of the cabin body (30) is provided with a plug hole for connecting the antiskid component (40), and a sealing protection piece is arranged at the plug position;
the anti-skid component (40) comprises an anti-skid base body (46), the anti-skid base body (46) consists of an upper base body and a lower base body, the section of the upper base body is of a forward trapezoidal structure, the section of the lower base body is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, an adjusting through hole (42) is formed in the anti-skid base body (46), one port of the adjusting through hole (42) is formed in the surface of the upper base body of the anti-skid base body (46), the other port of the adjusting through hole is formed in the trapezoidal side face of the lower base body of the anti-skid base body (46), and a sliding flexible rod (49) is arranged in the adjusting through hole (42);
the deck is characterized in that wave-proof base members (60) are vertically and uniformly distributed on the periphery of the deck (10), the cross section of each wave-proof base member (60) is of an I-shaped structure, wave-proof main boards (61) which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the side of each wave-proof base member (60), limiting sliding auxiliary boards (64) which are in limiting connection with the inner sides of the I-shaped structures of the wave-proof base members (60) are arranged on the side faces of the wave-proof main boards (61), through holes are arranged in an array on the surfaces of the wave-proof main boards (61), slidable floating slide rods (63) are inserted into the through holes, wave-proof floating boards (62) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each wave-proof main board (61), and the upper ends and the lower ends of the floating slide rods (63) are respectively connected with the wave-proof floating boards (62);
the upper surface of the upper part matrix of the anti-skid matrix (46) is arranged in the cabin body (30), the end part of the sliding flexible rod close to the end surface of the upper part matrix of the anti-skid matrix (46) is connected with a sliding plug piece (43), and the sliding plug piece (43) is connected with the inner bottom surface of the cabin body (30) through a telescopic rope body (41);
under the condition that a water pressure cabin is injected into the cabin body (30) to enable the platform to sit at the bottom, the water pressure in the cabin body (30) extrudes the sliding flexible rod (49) to slide outwards to enable the sliding flexible rod to extend out of the anti-skidding base body (46) to be in contact with the seabed foundation or to be inserted into the seabed foundation, and the water pressure in the cabin body (30) reduces the sliding flexible rod (49) to slide towards the inside of the anti-skidding base body (46) in the floating process of the platform.
2. The submersible marine ranch management platform with a floatable function of claim 1, characterized in that: still be equipped with spacing cavity (48) that the aperture is greater than adjusting through-hole (42) in antiskid base member (46), spacing cavity (48) and adjusting through-hole (42) are coaxial setting, just spacing cavity (48) business turn over end is connection regulation through-hole (42) respectively, establish second regulating spring (45) that are greater than adjusting through-hole (42) diameter in spacing cavity (48), just flexible pole (49) that slide are connected respectively at second regulating spring (45) both ends.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110801407.4A CN113508772B (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions |
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| CN202010191548.4A CN111374079B (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Movable management platform for bottom-sitting type columnar deep and far sea pasture |
| CN202110801407.4A CN113508772B (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Bottom-sitting type marine ranching management platform with sinking and floating functions |
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| CN113002719B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-03-29 | 吴常文 | Pile-leg type working platform capable of lifting and moving deep and far sea pasture |
| CN113044175B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-03-29 | 吴常文 | Bottle type working platform capable of lifting and moving deep and far sea pasture |
| CN113170752B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-04-12 | 吴常文 | Deep-open sea double-column pile lifting type fence grazing culture system |
| CN115675769A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-02-03 | 上海雄程海洋工程股份有限公司 | Bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and working method thereof |
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