CN115675769A - Bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and working method thereof - Google Patents
Bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115675769A CN115675769A CN202211715472.6A CN202211715472A CN115675769A CN 115675769 A CN115675769 A CN 115675769A CN 202211715472 A CN202211715472 A CN 202211715472A CN 115675769 A CN115675769 A CN 115675769A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and a working method thereof. The anchoring component end is connected with the bottom-sitting type component, and the other end can be anchored on the seabed. The bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform can stably float, sink and conveniently transfer, can cope with various conditions, and has wide adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore platforms, in particular to a bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and a working method thereof.
Background
Offshore platforms are truss structures that are elevated above the sea surface and have a horizontal deck for production operations or other activities.
Wind power generation is the fastest growing green energy technology in the world. Offshore wind power is the leading edge of wind power technology and is also the key field of international wind power industry development. On the whole, offshore wind power is still in the initial development stage, and the current mainstream fan unit forms are mainly divided into the following categories according to the basic forms: gravity type foundation, single pile type foundation, tripod type foundation, jacket type foundation, multi-pile type foundation, cylindrical foundation, floating type foundation and the like.
Compared with the onshore wind turbine generator, the offshore wind turbine generator is higher in technical difficulty, and is one of key technologies for offshore wind farm construction. The volume of present offshore wind power mounting platform is great and for the toper structure usually, can well support the platform when making things convenient for the pile shoe to insert the seabed, nevertheless to the offshore wind power mounting platform that the during operation can receive the great stormy waves influence of offshore wind field, at the in-process that the pile shoe inserts seabed and platform normal work, the supporting capability of this kind of pile shoe is relatively poor, can influence offshore wind power mounting platform's stable work. And the problems that the pile cannot be quickly inserted and pulled out, the pile is difficult to pull out and the like are faced, and more troubles are brought to the transfer of the offshore platform after the operation is completed.
In addition, in the ship operation process, the sinking and floating of the ship and the compressed air ballast discharge system are core systems of the platform sinking and floating operation, and the ship buoyancy adjusting system is very important in the ship operation process. During the floating and sinking operation of the offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship), the offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship) needs to keep uniform floating and sinking, and free liquid level correction needs to be carried out after the offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship) sits on the bottom to balance overturning moment, so that the stability is improved.
For example, chinese patent CN108252286B discloses a bottom-sitting type water platform and a water transportation and installation method thereof, which discloses that when a certain side or a certain corner of the upper platform is not horizontal during the installation process on the sea, the levelness of the upper platform can be adjusted by an elevation simple adjustment structure. The method comprises the following steps: the four height-adjusting lifting mechanisms with the height-adjusting simple joint structures synchronously lift the height-adjusting steel cylinders to a certain set pressure (the purpose is to make the set pressures received by the four buoyancy cylinder structures basically consistent), the height-adjusting lifting mechanisms which need to lift the levelness of a certain side or a certain angle continue to pressurize and lift the height-adjusting steel cylinders until the levelness of the flange surfaces at the upper ends of the four height-adjusting steel cylinders is basically consistent, and the pressures received by the four buoyancy cylinder structures are basically consistent.
Also, as disclosed in chinese patent CN107685838a, "ballast system of semi-submersible lifting platform and ballast method thereof", it discloses a method how to overcome the overturning moment to adjust the balance when the semi-submersible lifting platform loses balance, when one side of the platform has a downward overturning moment, the ballast water in the high ballast tank of the side column of the platform is discharged by gravity, and water is injected into the low ballast tank of the other side column of the platform to restore the platform to a balanced state; when one side of the platform has upward overturning moment, water is injected into the low-level ballast tank of the upright column on the side of the platform, and the ballast water in the high-level ballast tank of the upright column on the other side of the platform is discharged, so that the platform is restored to a balanced state.
As described above, the conventional offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship) temporarily has no corresponding relatively precise buoyancy adjustment computing system, so that the accurate adjustment of the platform sinking and floating and the balance cannot be achieved to adapt to different working condition effects, that is, the subsequent manufacturing of the offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship) and the improvement of the performance of the offshore wind power installation hoisting platform (ship) are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
One advantage of the present invention is to provide a bottom-seated mobile offshore platform and a method for operating the same, which can stably float up, sink down, and be conveniently transferred, can cope with various situations, and has a wide adaptability.
Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a submersible mobile offshore platform and a method of operating the same, wherein the submersible mobile offshore platform is capable of maintaining good balance while sinking and floating when operating.
To achieve at least one of the above advantages, one advantage of the present invention is to provide a bottom-seated mobile offshore platform, comprising: the bottom-sitting type assembly comprises a floating body, an operation platform and a floating adjusting piece, wherein the floating body can contain water, a floating ballast water tank is formed in the floating body, a water discharge and injection port communicated with the floating ballast water tank and the external environment is formed at the bottom of the floating body, the operation platform is arranged above the floating body, the floating adjusting piece is arranged between the floating body and the operation platform to support the operation platform, an adjusting ballast water tank is formed in the floating adjusting piece, and the adjusting ballast water tank is communicated with the floating ballast water tank so as to discharge water into the adjusting ballast water tank through the water discharge and injection port communicated with the floating ballast water tank, so that the bottom-sitting type assembly floats upwards or sinks; and the number of the first and second groups,
and one end of the anchoring component is connected with the bottom-sitting type component, and the other end of the anchoring component can be anchored on the seabed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the floating body is configured into a regular octagonal prism shape, and the middle part of the floating body is provided with an anti-heave channel which is communicated up and down.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a cement layer is formed on the inner bottom wall of the ups and downs.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the sinking-floating adjusting piece comprises a plurality of supporting columns, the supporting columns are arranged between the sinking-floating body and the working platform to support the working platform, the adjusting ballast water tank is formed in each supporting column, and the supporting columns are smaller in the middle and larger in two end parts in the cross-sectional dimension along the direction from bottom to top.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the sinking-floating adjusting piece comprises a plurality of cylindrical sinking-floating adjusting cylinders, the sinking-floating adjusting cylinders are arranged above the sinking-floating body at intervals and symmetrically, and the adjusting ballast water tanks are formed in the sinking-floating adjusting cylinders.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the axis of the cylindrical ups and downs adjusting cylinder is kept on the side face of the octagonal prism-shaped ups and downs body.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the support column is internally provided with reinforcing ribs which are radially arranged.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the work platform is radially arranged corresponding to the reinforcing ribs in the support area corresponding to the support column.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom-sitting type assembly comprises a plurality of reserve buoyancy tanks, the reserve buoyancy tanks are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the floating body and are positioned above the floating body, and reserve buoyancy cavities are formed in the reserve buoyancy tanks.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the anchor assembly comprises a plurality of positioning anchors and/or a temporary anchor; the positioning anchors are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the bottom-seated component and comprise an anchor winch, a positioning rope, an upper guide wheel, a lower guide wheel, an anchor storing and taking frame and a positioning anchor, the upper guide wheel, the lower guide wheel and the anchor storing frame are sequentially arranged on the bottom-seated component along the direction from top to bottom, one end of the positioning rope is connected with the anchor winch and at least partially wound on the anchor winch, the other end of the positioning rope is connected with the positioning anchor after bypassing the upper part of the upper guide wheel and the lower part of the lower guide wheel, and the positioning anchor can be installed on the anchor storing and taking frame in an accessible mode; the temporary anchor comprises an anchor abandoning device, an anchor chain cabin for storing the anchor chain, a chain stopper and a temporary anchor, wherein one end of the anchor chain is detachably connected with the anchor abandoning device and at least partially loosely arranged in the anchor chain cabin, and the other end of the anchor chain penetrates through the chain stopper and then is connected with the temporary anchor.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform comprises a towing assembly, the towing assembly comprises a main towing boat, an auxiliary towing boat and a plurality of towing ropes, one end of each towing rope is connected with the main towing boat, the other end of each towing rope is connected with the sit-on-bottom type assembly so as to tow the sit-on-bottom type assembly to move through the movement of the main towing boat, and the auxiliary towing boat is connected with the sit-on-bottom type assembly so as to push the sit-on-bottom type assembly and the main towing boat to move in the same direction.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform comprises a water injection assembly, the water injection assembly comprises at least one air compressor, the air compressor is provided with an atmosphere inlet and outlet, an inflation inlet and an air extraction opening, the atmosphere inlet and outlet is communicated with the external environment, the inflation inlet is communicated with the floating ballast water tank to fill high-pressure air into the floating ballast water tank for water drainage, the air extraction opening is communicated with the floating ballast water tank to form negative pressure in the floating ballast water tank for water injection, and the floating ballast water tank forms an air outlet communicated with the external environment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, to achieve at least one of the above advantages, the present invention provides a method for operating a submersible mobile offshore platform, comprising:
determining the gravity center position of a lifting device (such as a crane) which can carry out wind power installation operation and is installed on an operation platform in the horizontal direction through a calculation equation set of the center of a parallel force system, wherein the calculation equation set of the center of the parallel force system is as follows:
wherein G is 1 For the position of the centre of gravity of the work platform without hoisting equipment in the horizontal direction, i.e. the geometric centre, G, of the work platform 2 For liftingThe position of the centre of gravity of the apparatus in the horizontal direction, i.e. the geometric centre of the base of the lifting apparatus, G 0 For the position of the center of gravity of the working platform after the hoisting equipment is installed, L in the horizontal direction 1 Is G 1 To G 0 Horizontal distance of (d) in m, L 2 Is G 2 To G 0 In m; and determining the geometric center of each floating adjusting cylinder and the determined gravity center position G of the hoisting equipment 0 The horizontal distance between the adjusting cylinder and the center of gravity G of the working platform after the lifting equipment is installed 0 Has a horizontal distance L between j0 Wherein any one of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinders is j;
determining the buoyancy F of each sinking and floating adjusting cylinder according to a balance equation set established by a space arbitrary force system balance equation i In the unit of N;
the water level height of each sinking-floating adjusting cylinder in which the adjusting ballast water tank is formed is solved through a buoyancy calculation formula which is as follows:
the water level height of each sinking and floating adjusting cylinder is respectively as follows:
d is the diameter of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder and is m;
wherein t is the wall thickness of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder, and the unit is m;
wherein H is the height of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder, and the unit is m;
wherein rho 1 is the density of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder, and the unit is kg/m3;
wherein h is i The height of the water level of the ballast water tank in any other sinking and floating adjusting cylinder i is adjusted, and the unit is m;
wherein rho 2 is used for adjusting the density of water in the ballast water tank and has the unit of kg/m 3 ，1≤i≤8，1≤j≤7，i≠j。
According to an embodiment of the invention, the working method of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform comprises the following steps:
and respectively injecting water or draining water into the regulation ballast water tank in each sinking and floating regulation cylinder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an angle-based mobile offshore platform according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another angle of the present invention of a submersible mobile offshore platform configuration.
Fig. 3 is a layout view of a reserve buoyancy tank, a support column and a sinking-floating adjustment cylinder of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the positioning anchor arrangement.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the invention with a portion of the anchor positioned.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the anchor portion of FIG. 5 positioned.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a construction of a portion of the invention including a temporary anchor.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion of the invention containing the temporary anchor.
Fig. 9 is a schematic layout of the towing assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the air and water flow direction during drainage and filling of the drain and fill assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating message delivery when the query is heavily loaded according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a simplified schematic view of an angular submersible mobile offshore platform according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a model of an angular submersible mobile offshore platform according to the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a simplified schematic view of the structure of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore horizontal sinking and floating adjusting cylinder.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another model of the present invention of an angular submersible mobile offshore platform.
Reference numerals:
10: bottom seated assembly, 11: sinking and floating body, 111: anti-heave channel, 12: work platform, 13: sink-float adjusting member, 131: a support pillar; 132: : sink-float adjusting cylinder, 14: storing a buoyancy tank;
20: anchor assembly, 21: positioning anchor, 211: anchor windlass, 212: positioning rope, 213: upper guide wheel, 214: lower guide wheel, 215: anchor access rack, 216: positioning an anchor; 22: temporary anchor, 221: anchor dropper, 222: anchor chain, 223: chain locker, 224: chain stopper, 225: temporary anchor, 226: temporary anchor release line, 227: releasing the wire fixation device;
30: towing assembly, 31: main towing vessel, 32: secondary towing vessel, 33: pulling the rope.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus the above terms are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a submersible mobile offshore platform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a submersible assembly 10 and an anchor assembly 20, will be described in detail below.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the submersible assembly 10 includes a buoyant body 11, a work platform 12 for installation work, and a buoyant adjustment member 13.
Specifically, a floating ballast water tank capable of containing water is formed in the floating body 11, and a water discharge and injection port communicated with the floating ballast water tank and the external environment is formed at the bottom of the floating body 11. The work platform 12 is disposed above the floating body 11. The sinking-floating adjustment member 13 is provided between the sinking-floating body 11 and the working platform 12 to support the working platform 12. An adjusting ballast water tank is formed in the sinking and floating adjusting piece 13, the adjusting ballast water tank is communicated with the sinking and floating ballast water tank, and water is discharged into the adjusting ballast water tank through a water discharge and injection port communicated with the sinking and floating ballast water tank, so that the bottom sitting type component 10 floats up or sinks.
Referring to fig. 4 to 8, the anchor assembly 20 is connected to the bottom-seated assembly 10 at one end and is capable of anchoring to the sea floor at the other end so that the bottom-seated assembly 10 is fixed relative to the sea floor.
Therefore, when the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is used, when work is required, particularly when wind turbine generator installation work is required at sea, water is firstly injected into the floating ballast water tank in the floating body 11 and the regulating ballast water tank in the floating regulating piece 13 through the water discharge and injection port of the floating body 11, so that the bottom-sitting type assembly 10 is stably sunk, and after the floating body 11 is in contact with the seabed, the anchoring assembly 20 is anchored on the seabed, so that the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is fixed. When the installation operation is accomplished or comparatively dangerous condition appears, can with anchoring assembly 20 follows the seabed is taken off the anchor, and pass through the water injection port will the ballast water tank that floats with adjust the water discharge in the ballast water tank, so that sit the steady come-up of bottom formula subassembly 10, and then realize sit the stable work and the safe transfer of the portable offshore platform of bottom formula, make sit the portable offshore platform of bottom formula and can deal with various condition safely and stably, adaptability is extensive.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the floating body 11 is configured in a regular octagonal prism shape, and an anti-heave channel 111 penetrating up and down is formed in the middle of the floating body 11. The adoption of the octagonal prism structure can ensure that the whole body of the sitting-bottom type movable offshore platform has good stability. Meanwhile, seawater can enter the anti-heaving channel 111 from the sea bottom, and a free liquid level is formed in the anti-heaving channel 111. Therefore, the anti-heave channel 111 can increase the heave damping of the sit-bottom movable offshore platform, reduce the heave motion of the sit-bottom movable offshore platform, and has the characteristics of high stability and light weight.
Further, the bottom wall of the floating-in-sea body 11 is formed with a cement layer for lowering the center of gravity of the floating-in-sea movable offshore platform to improve the stability thereof.
Preferably, the work platform 12 is also implemented in a regular octagonal prism structure, and the work platform 12 is substantially the same size as the buoyant body 11 to improve load-bearing capacity. Specifically, the work platform 12 is arranged with a hoisting device, such as a crane, which can perform wind power installation work. The intermediate region of the work platform 12 may be accessible for activities such as fan blade assembly.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the sinking-floating adjustment member 13 includes a plurality of support columns 131. The plurality of support columns 131 are arranged between the floating body 11 and the work platform 12 to support the work platform 12, and the cross-sectional dimension of the support columns 131 is smaller in the middle and larger in the two end portions in the direction from bottom to top, so as to increase the force-bearing area between the support columns 131 and the work platform 12 and the floating body 11, and the top and bottom of the support columns can stably support the work platform 12. The diameter of the supporting column 131 changes with the height, and the diameters of the two end portions of the supporting column 131 are increased, on one hand, the larger the diameter is, the better the stability is, and the better the stability of the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform is, but simultaneously, with the increase of the diameter of the supporting column 131, the larger the water surface of the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform is, the larger the wave response of the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform is, the larger the amplitude of the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform subjected to wave shaking is, and due to the common consideration of the stability and the wave response of the sit-on-bottom type movable offshore platform, the middle portion of the cross section size of the supporting column 131 is smaller, and the two end portions are larger. Preferably, the support column 131 further runs a diesel tank, a fresh water tank, a pump tank, and the like in addition to the regulation ballast water tank. It will be appreciated that the increased diameter of the support columns 131 also serves to increase the space for oil storage and ballast water.
Further, reinforcing ribs arranged in a radial shape are arranged in the supporting column 131. The reinforcing ribs in the supporting areas of the working platform 12 corresponding to the supporting columns 131 are correspondingly and radially arranged, so that the working platform 12 and the supporting columns 131 are better in continuity.
The sinking-floating adjusting member 13 includes a plurality of sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 132 having a cylindrical shape. The plurality of sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 132 are arranged between the sinking-floating body 11 and the working platform 12 at intervals and symmetrically so as to increase the stability of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform, and another adjusting ballast water tank is formed in the sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 132.
Further, the axis of the cylindrical ups and downs regulation cylinder 132 is maintained on the side of the octagonal prism shaped ups and downs body 11 to further increase the stability of the submersible movable offshore platform.
Preferably, with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the submersible assembly 10 comprises a plurality of reserve buoyancy tanks 14. The plurality of reserve buoyancy tanks 14 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the floating body 11 at intervals and above the floating body 11, and reserve buoyancy chambers are formed in the reserve buoyancy tanks 14. The reserve buoyancy tank 14 can be additionally provided with a floating freeboard, the floating freeboard is used for reserving buoyancy, the larger the freeboard is, the larger the reserve buoyancy is, and the better the strength of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is, so that the reserve buoyancy tank 14 can be arranged to better reserve buoyancy, and the strength of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is further improved.
Preferably, with reference to fig. 4 to 8, the anchor assembly 20 comprises a plurality of positioning anchors 21 and/or a temporary anchor 22.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4-6, a plurality of said positioning anchors 21 are provided at intervals along the circumference of said bottom-seated assembly 10. The positioning anchor 21 includes an anchor winch 211, a positioning rope 212, an upper guide wheel 213, a lower guide wheel 214, an anchor access frame 215, and a positioning anchor 216. The upper guide wheel 213, the lower guide wheel 214 and the anchor storage rack 215 are sequentially disposed on the bottom-seated component 10 along a direction from top to bottom. The positioning rope 212 is connected to the anchor windlass 211 at one end and at least partially wound around the anchor windlass 211, and is connected to the positioning anchor 216 after passing over the upper guide wheel 213 and under the lower guide wheel 214, and the positioning anchor 216 is removably mounted to the anchor access frame 215.
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the temporary anchor 22 includes an anchor dropper 221, a chain 222, a chain locker 223 for storing the chain 222, a chain stopper 224, and a temporary anchor 225. One end of the anchor chain 222 is detachably connected with the anchor abandoning device 221 and at least partially loosely arranged in the anchor chain cabin 223, and the other end of the anchor chain passes through the chain stopper 224 and then is connected with the temporary anchor 225.
Preferably, the anchor dropper 221 is a bolt-on anchor dropper. When the temporary anchor 225 of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is fixed and emergency anchor lifting is needed under special conditions, if the anchor lifting fails and the anchor lifting cannot be carried out timely, the safety of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is threatened, and the anchor remover 221 must be operated immediately outside the anchor chain cabin 223 to ensure that the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform can sail safely when being transferred.
The chain stopper 224 is a guillotine-type chain stopper 224, and comprises a guide groove for the anchor chain 222 to pass through and a liftable guillotine arranged above the guide groove for being matched with the guide groove to clamp the anchor chain 222.
Further, the temporary anchor further includes a chain pulling wire 226 and a chain fixing member 227. The anchor chain fixing member 227 is provided on the work platform 12. One end of the anchor chain pulling wire 226 is connected with the knife switch, and the other end of the anchor chain pulling wire is arranged on the anchor chain fixing part 227 in a pulling mode. The hawser 222 is released when the blade is lifted by a crew operating the hawser 226 at the work platform 12.
Preferably, and with reference to FIG. 9, the submersible mobile offshore platform includes a towing assembly 30. The towing assembly 30 includes a main towing vessel 31, a secondary towing vessel 32 and a plurality of tow ropes 33. One end of the towing rope 33 is connected to the main towing vessel 31, and the other end is connected to the submersible assembly 10, so that the submersible assembly 10 is towed by the movement of the main towing vessel 31. The secondary tug 32 is connected to the submersible assembly 10 to urge the submersible assembly 10 to move in the same direction as the primary tug 41.
Preferably, with reference to fig. 10 to 11, said submersible mobile offshore platform comprises a water injection assembly comprising at least one air compressor. The air compressor is provided with an atmosphere inlet and an atmosphere outlet, an inflation inlet and an air suction inlet. The atmosphere inlet and outlet are communicated with the external environment. The inflation inlet is communicated with the sinking and floating ballast water tank to charge high-pressure air into the sinking and floating ballast water tank so as to discharge water in the sinking and floating ballast water tank. The pumping hole is communicated with the ups and downs ballast water tank to form negative pressure in the ups and downs ballast water tank so as to inject water into the ups and downs ballast water tank, and the ups and downs ballast water tank forms a gas outlet communicated with the external environment.
Specifically, the air compressor is a plurality of. And the atmosphere inlet and outlet, an inflation inlet and an air suction port of at least one air compressor are respectively communicated with the regulation ballast water tank so as to realize the water discharge and injection of the regulation ballast water tank.
Further, the water flooding assembly comprises a diesel generator set, a heavy load inquiry system and a heavy load inquiry indicator lamp. The diesel generator set is connected with the air compressor to provide electric power for the air compressor to work. The heavy-load inquiry system is respectively connected with the diesel generator set and the heavy-load inquiry indicator lamp, so that the heavy-load inquiry indicator lamp is controlled to emit light when the power generation capacity of the diesel generator set meets the operation condition of the air compressors (namely, when the power requirement for starting the plurality of air compressors 31 is met).
The water discharging and injecting assembly comprises an air inlet and outlet control assembly and an water inlet and outlet control assembly. The air inlet and outlet control component comprises an atmosphere air inlet and outlet pipe fitting and a conveying pipe fitting. The atmosphere air inlet and outlet pipe fitting comprises an atmosphere air inlet and outlet pipe and an inlet and outlet valve arranged on the atmosphere air inlet and outlet pipe. The atmosphere inlet and outlet pipe is respectively communicated with the atmosphere inlet and outlet and the outside atmosphere. The conveying pipe fitting comprises an air conveying main pipe, an inflation pipe, an exhaust pipe and a row of water injection pipes. One end of the air conveying pipe is communicated with the inflation inlet and the air exhaust opening respectively, the other end of the air conveying pipe is communicated with the inflation pipe and the air exhaust pipe respectively, the air exhaust pipe is provided with an air exhaust valve, and the inflation pipe is provided with an inflation valve. The water discharging and injecting pipe is respectively communicated with the water discharging and injecting port and the external environment, and the water discharging and injecting pipe is provided with a water discharging and injecting valve.
When water needs to be drained, the inflation valve, the inlet and outlet valve and the water drainage and injection valve are opened, so that high-pressure air is filled into the floating ballast water tank and the regulating ballast water tank to realize water drainage.
When water is needed to be injected, the air suction valve, the inlet and outlet valve and the water discharge and injection valve are opened so as to form negative pressure through pumping air into the floating ballast water tank and the regulating ballast water tank, and therefore rapid water injection is achieved.
Furthermore, the sinking and floating body and the sinking and floating adjusting piece are both provided with an atmospheric air outlet communicated with the sinking and floating ballast water tank and the adjusting ballast water tank and an atmospheric air exhaust valve arranged at the atmospheric air outlet.
In the water injection process, in order to ensure the stable sinking of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform, the atmospheric discharge valve can be closed adaptively, so that the air discharge speed in the floating ballast water tank and the regulating ballast water tank is slowed down,
therefore, the water injection speed is slowed, and the sinking speed of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is reduced, so that the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform sinks stably.
On the contrary, in the drainage process, in order to ensure the stable floating of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and reduce the floating speed, the air discharge valve can be opened adaptively, so that the floating ballast water tank and the regulation ballast water tank are slow in air discharge speed, the drainage speed is slowed, and the floating speed of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is reduced to ensure the stable floating.
The bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform can perform various wind power engineering operations in an offshore wind farm, mainly comprises construction operations of a base of an offshore wind turbine of 10 megawatts (or below), a supporting tower frame, a hoisting machine room and blades, a wind turbine foundation and the like, is used for storing, assembling and installing the wind turbine, comprises assembling and hoisting a lamp on a wind turbine ship and other offshore hoisting operations in a bottom-sitting state, can be used for floating type hoisting operations (600 tons) and bottom-sitting type hoisting operations (more than or equal to 600 tons), and enhances the applicability of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform in a target sea area.
The bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is mainly suitable for seabed condition sea areas with low bearing capacity of muddy silt or sludge surface, the maximum water depth of bottom-sitting operation is 52 meters (including the depth of the platform sunk into the seabed and the influence of the maximum tide considered, and finally depending on the air gap calculation result), and ice-free area operation is realized.
The integrity stability, the cabin breaking stability, the sitting stability and the sinking and floating stability of the sitting-bottom type movable offshore platform all meet the requirements of the class 1 society of ships.
Referring again to fig. 12-15, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of operating a submersible mobile offshore platform, wherein the method of operating the submersible mobile offshore platform comprises the steps of:
s1001, determining a position of a center of gravity of the horizontal direction after the lifting apparatus 900 (such as a crane) capable of performing wind power installation operation is installed on the work platform 12 by using a calculation equation set of a center of a parallel force system, where the calculation equation set (1) of the center of the parallel force system is as follows:
wherein, G 1 For said work platform 12 without hoisting equipment installedThe position of the centre of gravity in the horizontal direction, i.e. the geometric centre of the work platform 12, G 2 For the position of the centre of gravity of the lifting apparatus in the horizontal direction, i.e. the geometric centre of the base of the lifting apparatus, G 0 For the position of the center of gravity of the working platform 12 in the horizontal direction, L, after the lifting device is installed 1 Is G 1 To G 0 Horizontal distance of (d) in m, L 2 Is G 2 To G 0 In m;
and determining the geometric center of each sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 13 and the determined gravity center position G of the hoisting equipment 0 The position of the center of gravity G of the working platform 12 after the adjustment cylinder 13 and the lifting device are installed 0 Has a horizontal distance L between j0 And j is any one of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinders 13.
The working method of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform comprises the following steps:
s1002, determining the buoyancy of each sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 13 according to a balance equation set established by a balance equation of any force system in space;
in at least one embodiment, the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform has 8 sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 13, so that the buoyancy of the 8 sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 13 can be determined by establishing 8 balance equation groups through a space arbitrary force system balance equation, wherein the balance equation groups are as follows:
The working method of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform comprises the following steps:
s1003, solving the water level height of each sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 13, in which the adjusting ballast water tank is formed, by a buoyancy calculation formula as follows:
the water level heights of the 8 sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 13 can be respectively as follows:
wherein D is the diameter of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder 13 and is m;
wherein t is the wall thickness of the sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 13 and the unit is m;
wherein H is the height of the sinking-floating adjusting cylinder 13, and the unit is m;
wherein rho 1 is the density of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder 13, and the unit is kg/m3;
wherein h is i The height of the water level of the water in the regulation ballast water tank in any sinking-floating regulation cylinder 13 (marked as i) is m;
wherein rho 2 is used for adjusting the density of water in the ballast water tank, and the unit is kg/m3;
wherein F i The buoyancy of any one of the sinking-floating adjusting cylinders 13 (i) is in the unit of N.
Preferably, (1. Ltoreq. I.ltoreq.8), 1. Ltoreq. J.ltoreq. 7,i ≠ j.
S1004, water is respectively filled or drained into the ballast water tanks in the floating and sinking adjustment cylinders 13 to balance the overturning moment of all the floating and sinking adjustment cylinders 13, so as to improve the stability of the working platform 12.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.
Claims (14)
1. Sit portable offshore platform of end formula, its characterized in that includes:
the bottom-sitting type assembly comprises a floating body, an operation platform and a floating adjusting piece, wherein the floating body can contain water, a floating ballast water tank is formed in the floating body, a water discharge and injection port communicated with the floating ballast water tank and the external environment is formed at the bottom of the floating body, the operation platform is arranged above the floating body, the floating adjusting piece is arranged between the floating body and the operation platform to support the operation platform, an adjusting ballast water tank is formed in the floating adjusting piece, and the adjusting ballast water tank is communicated with the floating ballast water tank so as to discharge water into the adjusting ballast water tank through the water discharge and injection port communicated with the floating ballast water tank, so that the bottom-sitting type assembly floats upwards or sinks; and the number of the first and second groups,
and one end of the anchoring component is connected with the bottom-sitting type component, and the other end of the anchoring component can be anchored on the seabed.
2. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 1, wherein the buoyant body is configured in a regular octagonal prism shape, and an anti-heave channel is formed in the middle of the buoyant body and runs through the buoyant body up and down.
3. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 1, wherein the inner bottom wall of the ups and downs body is formed with a layer of cement.
4. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 1, wherein the float and sink adjustment member comprises a plurality of support columns, the plurality of support columns are disposed between the float and the work platform to support the work platform, the adjustment ballast water tanks are formed in the support columns, and the support columns have a smaller middle part and larger two end parts in cross-sectional dimension in a bottom-to-top direction.
5. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 4, wherein the sinking and floating adjustment member comprises a plurality of cylindrical sinking and floating adjustment cylinders, the plurality of sinking and floating adjustment cylinders are arranged above the sinking and floating body at intervals and symmetrically, and the adjustment ballast water tanks are formed in the sinking and floating adjustment cylinders.
6. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 5, wherein the axis of the cylindrical ups and downs adjustment cylinder remains on the octagonal prism shaped ups and downs side.
7. The submersible mobile offshore platform of any of claims 4 to 6, wherein radially disposed reinforcing ribs are provided within the support columns.
8. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 7, wherein the work platform is radially disposed in correspondence with the stiffeners in the support regions corresponding to the support columns.
9. The bottom-sitting mobile offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the bottom-sitting assembly comprises a plurality of reserve buoyancy tanks, the reserve buoyancy tanks are arranged along the circumference of the buoyant body at intervals and above the buoyant body, and reserve buoyancy chambers are formed in the reserve buoyancy tanks.
10. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 1, wherein the anchor assembly comprises a plurality of positioning anchors and/or a temporary anchor; the positioning anchors are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the bottom-seated component and comprise an anchor winch, a positioning rope, an upper guide wheel, a lower guide wheel, an anchor storing and taking frame and a positioning anchor, the upper guide wheel, the lower guide wheel and the anchor storing and taking frame are sequentially arranged on the bottom-seated component along the direction from top to bottom, one end of the positioning rope is connected with the anchor winch and at least partially wound on the anchor winch, the other end of the positioning rope is connected with the positioning anchor after bypassing the upper part of the upper guide wheel and the lower part of the lower guide wheel, and the positioning anchor can be installed on the anchor storing and taking frame in an accessible mode; the temporary anchor comprises an anchor abandoning device, an anchor chain cabin for storing the anchor chain, a chain stopper and a temporary anchor, wherein one end of the anchor chain is detachably connected with the anchor abandoning device and at least partially loosely arranged in the anchor chain cabin, and the other end of the anchor chain penetrates through the chain stopper and then is connected with the temporary anchor.
11. The submersible mobile offshore platform of claim 1, comprising a tow assembly comprising a main tow vessel, a secondary tow vessel, and a plurality of tow ropes connected at one end to the main tow vessel and at another end to the submersible assembly for towing the submersible assembly for movement by movement of the main tow vessel, the secondary tow vessel being connected to the submersible assembly for propelling the submersible assembly in a direction opposite to that of the main tow vessel.
12. The submersible mobile offshore platform according to claim 1, comprising a water discharge assembly comprising at least one air compressor having an atmospheric air inlet/outlet, an air charging port and an air suction port, the atmospheric air inlet/outlet being in communication with the external environment, the air charging port being in communication with the ballast tank for charging the ballast tank with high pressure air for water discharge, the air suction port being in communication with the ballast tank for creating negative pressure in the ballast tank for water injection, the ballast tank forming an air outlet in communication with the external environment.
13. The working method of the bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the gravity center position in the horizontal direction after a lifting device capable of carrying out wind power installation operation is installed on the operation platform through a calculation equation set of the center of the parallel force system, wherein the calculation equation set of the center of the parallel force system is as follows:
wherein G is 1 The gravity center of the working platform without the hoisting equipment is horizontalPosition in direction, i.e. geometric centre of work platform, G 2 For the position of the centre of gravity of the lifting apparatus in the horizontal direction, i.e. the geometric centre of the base of the lifting apparatus, G 0 For the position of the center of gravity of the working platform after the hoisting equipment is installed, L in the horizontal direction 1 Is G 1 To G 0 Horizontal distance of (d) in m, L 2 Is G 2 To G 0 In m; and determining the geometric center of each floating adjusting cylinder and the determined gravity center position G of the hoisting equipment 0 The horizontal distance between the adjusting cylinder and the center of gravity G of the working platform after the lifting equipment is installed 0 Has a horizontal distance L between j0 Wherein any one of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinders is j;
determining the buoyancy F of each sinking and floating adjusting cylinder according to a balance equation set established by a space arbitrary force system balance equation i In the unit of N;
the water level height of the regulating ballast water tank formed in each sinking and floating regulating cylinder is solved through a buoyancy calculation formula which is as follows:
the water level height of each sinking and floating adjusting cylinder is respectively as follows:
d is the diameter of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder and is m;
wherein t is the wall thickness of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder and the unit is m;
wherein H is the height of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder, and the unit is m;
wherein rho 1 is the density of the sinking and floating adjusting cylinder and the unit is kg/m 3 ；
Wherein h is i The height of the water level of the ballast water tank in any other sinking and floating adjusting cylinder i is adjusted, and the unit is m;
where p 2 is regulationDensity of ballast tank water in kg/m 3 ，1≤i≤8，1≤j≤7，i≠j。
14. The method of operating a submersible mobile offshore platform according to claim 13, comprising:
and respectively injecting water or draining water into the regulation ballast water tank in each sinking and floating regulation cylinder.
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| CN202211715472.6A CN115675769A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Bottom-sitting type movable offshore platform and working method thereof |
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