CN113502166A - Acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deacidification microbial soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the conditioner comprises a shell and a core coated in the shell, wherein: the raw materials of the shell comprise: tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water; the raw materials of the inner core comprise a network matrix, leuconostoc mesenteroides, propylene oxide, soil microbial powder, deacidification microspheres and water. The soil conditioner of the invention is of a core-shell structure, and is characterized in that: the modified carbide slag in the shell contains a large amount of calcium oxide, and can continuously release OH under the dissolving action of irrigation water‑And the acidity of the soil is rapidly reduced. The main component of the inner core is the deacidification microsphere containing microorganisms, and the deacidification microsphere has a foaming porous structure and can regulate and control the alkaline component (OH)‑) The release rate of the fertilizer can effectively prevent the secondary acidification of the soil. In addition, the network-shaped matrix in the inner core can provide an ecological network system for long-term survival of microorganisms, and can continuously release microorganisms and nutrients to soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a deacidification microbial soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Soil acidification changes the soil micro-ecological environment, harmful microorganisms propagate in large quantities under the acidic condition, the root system of plants has weak stress resistance, and the plants are easily corroded by the pathogenic bacteria in the acidified soil. Meanwhile, the beneficial microbial population of the soil is changed, the growth of individual bacteria is reduced, the growth and reproduction speed is reduced, and the quantity of main microorganisms such as paenibacillus, actinomycetes, methanobacterium and related fungi for decomposing organic matters and proteins thereof is reduced, so that the virtuous cycle of nutrient elements is influenced, and the yield reduction of agriculture is caused. In particular, the quantity of ammonifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil is reduced, so that the ammonification and nitrification capability of soil microorganisms is reduced, and the method is greatly unfavorable for crops.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner as well as a preparation method and application thereof, which not only can effectively reduce the acidity of soil, but also can construct a microbial supply system and realize the sustainability of the activity of the soil. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an acid-reducing microbial soil amendment, comprising an outer shell and an inner core coated in the outer shell, wherein: the raw materials of the shell comprise: tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water, wherein the effective component of the modified carbide slag is calcium oxide; the raw materials of the inner core comprise a network matrix, leuconostoc mesenteroides, propylene oxide, soil microbial powder, deacidification microspheres and water.
Further, in the raw materials of the shell, the addition proportions of tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water are as follows in sequence: 5 to 10 parts by weight, 90 to 115 parts by weight, and 5 to 15 parts by weight.
Furthermore, in the raw materials of the inner core, the addition proportions of the network matrix, the leuconostoc mesenteroides, the propylene oxide, the soil microbial powder, the deacidification microspheres and the water are as follows in sequence: 160-180 parts, 5-10 parts, 3-7 parts, 10-30 parts and 20-40 parts.
Furthermore, the network-shaped matrix is fermented bagasse, the bagasse after sugar making and juice squeezing is the remaining main component of a large amount of fiber filaments, and the network structure formed after fermentation can provide an ecological network for the microbial bacteria added in the inner core.
Furthermore, the acid reducing microspheres are porous particles, the raw materials of the acid reducing microspheres comprise hydrogen peroxide, tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water, and pores of the porous particles are filled with the wetted modified carbide slag. This wet modified carbide slag forms an alkaline environment due to the dissolution of a small portion of calcium oxide in water, with an exothermic heat of reaction. The hydrogen peroxide is weakly acidic, and is easy to decompose to generate oxygen in the alkaline environment and the high-temperature environment formed by hydration heat, so that the porous deacidification microsphere is obtained.
Furthermore, the active ingredient of the modified carbide slag in the acid reducing microspheres is calcium oxide, and the modified carbide slag is filled in the pores of the acid reducing microspheres, so that the calcium oxide can be rapidly released in the initial stage, and the acidity of the soil can be improved as soon as possible.
Furthermore, the wetted modified carbide slag comprises modified carbide slag wetted by wetting agents such as water and the like, and thick paste formed by mixing the modified carbide slag and the wetting agents such as water and the like has good viscosity and is convenient to fill in pores of the deacidification microspheres.
Further, in the porous particles, the adding proportion of hydrogen peroxide, tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water is as follows in sequence: 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, 5 to 15 parts by weight, 50 to 65 parts by weight, 5 to 10 parts by weight. If the water is added excessively, the calcium oxide in the modified carbide slag is converted into calcium hydroxide again, and the calcium hydroxide is easy to dissolve, so that the efficiency of reducing the acidity cannot be controlled. In addition, because the water adding amount is controlled, the tricalcium silicate is not completely hydrated, irrigation water and the like continue to hydrate with the tricalcium silicate in the use process of the acid reducing microspheres, the volume of a hydrated phase shrinks, meanwhile, calcium oxide of the modified carbide slag reacts with the irrigation water to generate calcium hydroxide, the volume expands, the shell generates cracks under the synergistic effect of the calcium oxide and the irrigation water, and then the shell is broken, and the calcium hydroxide is released to reduce the acidity of the soil.
Further, the diameter of the acid reducing microspheres is not more than 3 mm; the diameter of the inner core is not more than 7mm, and the thickness of the outer shell is controlled within 2-4 mm.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:
(1) calcining the carbide slag to Ca (OH)2And converting the calcium carbide slag into CaO to obtain the modified carbide slag.
(2) Adding tricalcium silicate and modified carbide slag into a mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and water, maintaining and crushing to obtain porous particles, mixing the porous particles and wet modified carbide slag, and stirring to fill the pores of the porous particles with the wet modified carbide slag to obtain the acid reducing microspheres.
(3) Mixing sugar-making bagasse, leuconostoc mesenteroides, propylene oxide and water, fermenting, adding soil microbial powder for continuous fermentation, adding acid-reducing microspheres and water for granulation to obtain the kernel.
(4) Mixing tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water into slurry, wrapping the slurry on the surface of the core prepared in the step (3), and drying to obtain the deacidification microbial soil conditioner.
Further, in the step (1), the calcining temperature is 300-550 ℃, the calcining heat preservation time is 0.5-2 hours, and after the calcining is finished, the calcined carbide slag is cooled to room temperature and then ground to obtain the modified carbide slag.
Further, in the step (1), the carbide slag is dried for 1-3 hours at 100-120 ℃ before calcination, so that water in the carbide slag is removed, and the later-stage calcination is facilitated.
Further, in the step (2), the curing conditions are as follows: curing for 10-18 hours at 20-35 ℃ and 40-60% of relative humidity. The performance of a porous structure hardening body in the deacidification microsphere can be improved through maintenance, and the crushed body is prevented from being too small. Since tricalcium silicate is a fast-hardening and fast-setting mineral and is accompanied by a large amount of hydration heat release and volume shrinkage, the hardened body is easily cracked due to the overhigh curing temperature.
Further, in the step (2), the wet modified carbide slag is formed by mixing 50-65 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 5-10 parts by weight of water.
Further, in the step (3), the fermentation conditions are as follows: fermenting for 24-48 hours at 65-85 ℃ and 40-60% of relative humidity; the conditions for continuing the fermentation are as follows: fermenting for 10-20 hours at 65-85 ℃ and 40-60% of relative humidity.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the acid-reducing microorganism soil conditioner in the fields of agricultural engineering, environmental engineering and the like is provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the soil conditioner of the invention is of a core-shell structure, and is characterized in that: the modified carbide slag in the shell contains a large amount of calcium oxide, and the calcium oxide and tricalcium silicate can continuously release OH under the dissolving action of irrigation water-And the acidity of the soil is rapidly reduced. The main component of the inner core is the deacidification microsphere containing microorganisms, and the deacidification microsphere has a foaming porous structure and can regulate and control the alkaline component (OH)-) The release rate of the fertilizer can effectively prevent the secondary acidification of the soil. In addition, the network-shaped matrix in the inner core can provide an ecological network system for long-term survival of microorganisms, and can continuously release microorganisms and nutrients to soil.
(2) The carbide slag is mainly Ca (OH)2And a small amount of impurity SiO2、Al2O3Industrial waste residue. After the invention is calcined at 300-550 ℃, Ca (OH)2Converted into CaO, and can continuously release OH under the dissolving action of irrigation water-Quickly reduce the acidity of the soil and realize the resource utilization of solid wastesThe application is as follows.
(3) The acid reducing microsphere is a hydration hardening particle with a porous structure, which is composed of hydrogen peroxide, modified carbide slag, tricalcium silicate and the like, and modified carbide slag is filled in the pores of the hydration hardening particle. It is characterized in that: in the service process of the deacidification microsphere, calcium oxide in the modified carbide slag in the pores is quickly released, and the acidity of the soil is quickly and effectively improved. And then, due to the cementing action of the hydrated tricalcium silicate phase, the calcium oxide in the modified carbide slag contained in the deacidification microspheres can be controlled to be slowly released. Therefore, the acid reducing microspheres can continuously and slowly release calcium oxide after rapidly reducing the acidity, and prevent the secondary acidification of the soil.
(4) The invention promotes the fiber fermentation of sugar-making bagasse by leuconostoc mesenteroides and propylene oxide, provides an ecological network-shaped matrix for the added microbial strains, and ensures the survival rate and diversity of the strains in the kernel, thereby being capable of continuously providing microbial flora for soil. Meanwhile, the fermented sugar-making bagasse attached with microbial flora can improve the performance of soil glue, effectively increase the porosity of soil, improve the air permeability, solve the problem of soil hardening and improve the micro-ecological environment of soil.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the soil conditioner prepared in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the internal effects of the soil conditioner prepared according to the first embodiment of the present invention after being cut open.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be purchased from conventional sources, and unless otherwise specified, the reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are intended to be exemplary only.
In the following examples, the carbide slag is industrial waste slag produced in the production of polyvinyl chloride by acetylene method in electrochemical plant, and its main component is Ca (OH)2And contains a small amount of SiO impurity2、Al2O3And the like.
In the following examples, the sugar cane bagasse is the portion of cane that remains after juicing and contains a significant amount of fiber.
In the following examples, leuconostoc mesenteroides, an important species of the genus leuconostoc in lactic acid bacteria, was used as a novel microecological preparation, the main function of which was to ferment sucrose to produce a characteristic glucan mucilage that could attach to the fibrous structure of sugar cane bagasse, while providing an effective environment for the survival of soil microbial meal.
In the following examples, the soil microbial biomass was purchased from Weichafang Conn's Biotechnology Ltd, which included Bacillus coagulans 4X 108Bacillus licheniformis 4 x 10 per gram8Bacillus laterosporus 1X 10/g8Per gram.
First embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 1 hour at 105 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature after being finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 5 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 0.5 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight of water, then adding 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 10 hours at 20 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 5 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the modified carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) 160 parts by weight of sugar-making bagasse, 5 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 3 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 15 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 24 hours under the conditions of 85 ℃ and 40% of relative humidity, then 10 parts by weight of soil microorganism powder is added and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is fermented for 20 hours under the conditions of 65 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity. Then adding 10 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 5 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of water, 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 90 parts by weight of modified carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 2 mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner.
Second embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 3 hours at 100 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 550 ℃ and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, is cooled to room temperature after the calcining is finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 10 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 10 parts by weight of water, adding 15 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 65 parts by weight of modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 18 hours at 35 ℃ and 40% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 65 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 10 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the modified carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) Mixing 180 parts by weight of sugar-making bagasse, 10 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 7 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 30 parts by weight of water, uniformly stirring, fermenting for 48 hours at 85 ℃ and 40% relative humidity, adding 10 parts by weight of soil microbial powder, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 10 hours at 65 ℃ and 60% relative humidity. Then adding 30 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 10 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain cores with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 15 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 115 parts by weight of modified carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 3.5 mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical deacidification microbial soil improver.
Third embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 1 hour at 120 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours, is cooled to room temperature after being finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 10 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 4.5 parts by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 7 parts by weight of water, then adding 7 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 57 parts by weight of modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 15 hours at 28 ℃ and 55% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 59 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 8 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the modified carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) 170 parts of sugar-making bagasse, 6 parts of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 4 parts of propylene oxide and 20 parts of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 37 hours under the conditions of 72 ℃ and 52% of relative humidity, then 20 parts of soil microorganism powder is added and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is fermented for 11 hours under the conditions of 78 ℃ and 49% of relative humidity. And then adding 23 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 8 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 9 parts by weight of water, 12 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 108 parts by weight of modified carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 4mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner.
Fourth embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) carbide slag: without drying and calcining, the effective component is Ca (OH)2。
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 0.5 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight of water, then adding 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 50 parts by weight of the carbide slag obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 10 hours at 20 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 50 parts by weight of carbide slag and 5 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) 160 parts by weight of sugar-making bagasse, 5 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 3 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 15 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 24 hours under the conditions of 85 ℃ and 40% of relative humidity, then 10 parts by weight of soil microorganism powder is added and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is fermented for 20 hours under the conditions of 65 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity. Then adding 10 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 5 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of water, 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 90 parts by weight of carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 2 mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner.
Fifth embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 1 hour at 105 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature after being finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 5 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 0.5 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight of water, then adding 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 10 hours at 20 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 5 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the modified carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) 160 parts by weight of sugar-making bagasse, 5 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 3 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 15 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 24 hours under the conditions of 85 ℃ and 40% of relative humidity, then 10 parts by weight of soil microorganism powder is added and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is fermented for 20 hours under the conditions of 65 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity. Then adding 10 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 5 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
Sixth embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 1 hour at 105 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature after being finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 5 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: and (2) uniformly mixing 0.5 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight of water, then adding 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 50 parts by weight of the modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 10 hours at 20 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, crushing after completion to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, and taking the porous particles as the deacidification particles.
(3) 160 parts by weight of sugar-making bagasse, 5 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 3 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 15 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 24 hours under the conditions of 85 ℃ and 40% of relative humidity, then 10 parts by weight of soil microorganism powder is added and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is fermented for 20 hours under the conditions of 65 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity. Then adding 10 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 5 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of water, 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 90 parts by weight of modified carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 2 mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner.
Seventh embodiment
A preparation method of a deacidification microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified carbide slag: the carbide slag is dried for 1 hour at 105 ℃, then is placed in a muffle furnace for calcining at 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature after being finished, and is placed in a grinding machine for grinding for 5 minutes to obtain modified carbide slag powder.
(2) Acid reducing microparticles: uniformly mixing 0.5 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 5 parts by weight of water, then adding 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag prepared in the step (1), uniformly stirring, maintaining for 10 hours at 20 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, crushing to obtain porous particles with the diameter of less than 3mm, uniformly mixing 50 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 5 parts by weight of water, and mixing with the porous particles to enable the modified carbide slag to be filled in pores of the porous particles, thereby obtaining the deacidification particles.
(3) 160 parts by weight of straw (a fiber network structure cannot be formed after fermentation in the step), 5 parts by weight of leuconostoc mesenteroides, 3 parts by weight of propylene oxide and 15 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is fermented for 24 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the relative humidity of 40 percent, then 10 parts by weight of soil microbial powder is added and stirred uniformly, and then the mixture is fermented for 20 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 percent. Then adding 10 parts by weight of deacidification particles and 5 parts by weight of water in sequence, and granulating by using a granulating agent to form balls to obtain the inner core with the diameter not more than 7 mm.
(4) And (3) uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of water, 5 parts by weight of tricalcium silicate and 90 parts by weight of modified carbide slag to prepare slurry, and then mixing the slurry with the inner core obtained in the step (3) to enable the slurry to wrap the outer surface of the inner core to form a shell with the thickness of about 2 mm, so as to obtain the core-shell type spherical acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner.
Performance testing
The effect of the soil conditioner prepared in the first embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and it can be seen that the soil conditioner has a regular spherical structure. The soil conditioner is of a core-shell structure, the effective components of the shell of the soil conditioner are tricalcium silicate and modified calcium carbide slag, and the modified calcium carbide slag and the tricalcium silicate in the shell can continuously release OH under the dissolving action of irrigation water-And the acidity of the soil is rapidly reduced. The deacidification microsphere with the foaming porous structure in the inner core can regulate and control alkaline components (OH)-) The release rate of the fertilizer can effectively prevent the secondary acidification of the soil. In addition, the network-shaped matrix in the inner core can provide an ecological network system for long-term survival of microorganisms, and can continuously release microorganisms and nutrients to soil.
The soil conditioner prepared in the above example was added to the plough layer at an application rate of 1500 kg/mu, and the change law of the pH value of the soil was measured using a tobamonn TZS-pH-IG soil pH tester, and the results are shown in table 1. Meanwhile, the Shannon diversity index of soil was determined to characterize biocenomic diversity (the larger the index, the higher the diversity), the soil microbial population composition information was determined by 16srDNA using Illumina Miseq sequencing platform, and then the measurement data was processed using Microsoft Excel to obtain the Shannon diversity index, the results of which are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 soil pH
| Initial | 10 days | 20 days | 30 days | 60 days | 120 days | |
| First embodiment | 4.89 | 5.77 | 6.14 | 6.52 | 6.33 | 6.29 |
| Second embodiment | 4.89 | 5.62 | 5.97 | 6.41 | 6.27 | 6.27 |
| Third embodiment | 4.89 | 5.51 | 5.79 | 6.40 | 5.99 | 5.91 |
| Fourth embodiment | 4.89 | 5.82 | 6.18 | 6.27 | 6.16 | 6.05 |
| Fifth embodiment | 4.89 | 4.99 | 5.14 | 5.23 | 5.18 | 5.20 |
| Sixth embodiment | 4.89 | 5.75 | 6.12 | 6.48 | 6.22 | 6.04 |
| Seventh embodiment | 4.89 | 5.79 | 6.11 | 6.54 | 6.31 | 6.30 |
TABLE 2 Shannon diversity index
| Initial | 10 days | 30 days | 60 days | 120 days | |
| First embodiment | 9.19 | 9.25 | 9.55 | 9.65 | 9.77 |
| Second embodiment | 9.19 | 9.29 | 9.53 | 9.63 | 9.72 |
| Third embodiment | 9.19 | 9.24 | 9.52 | 9.69 | 9.74 |
| Fourth embodiment | 9.19 | 9.21 | 9.45 | 9.48 | 9.43 |
| Fifth embodiment | 9.19 | 9.36 | 9.24 | 9.26 | 9.27 |
| Sixth embodiment | 9.19 | 9.22 | 9.41 | 9.38 | 9.32 |
| Seventh embodiment | 9.19 | 9.22 | 9.24 | 9.21 | 9.18 |
As can be seen from the test data in tables 1 and 2, the soil improvement agents prepared in the first to fourth examples can reduce the acidity of the soil more rapidly at the initial stage of application and have good persistence, and can balance the acidity of the soil over a long period of time to prevent secondary acidification of the soil, relative to the soil improvement agents prepared in the fifth to seventh examples. In addition, as can be seen from the detection data in table 2, the soil conditioner prepared in the first to fourth embodiments can more effectively construct a microorganism replenishment system, and can improve the sustainability of the soil activity, because the ecological network-like matrix provided by the microorganism bacteria ensures the survival rate and diversity of the bacteria in the kernel, so that the microorganism flora can be continuously provided to the soil. Meanwhile, the fermented sugar-making bagasse attached with microbial flora can improve the performance of soil glue, effectively increase the porosity of soil, improve the air permeability, solve the problem of soil hardening and improve the micro-ecological environment of soil.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An acid-reducing microbial soil amendment, comprising:
a kernel;
a shell that is wrapped over the core; wherein:
the raw materials of the shell comprise: tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water, wherein the effective component of the modified carbide slag is calcium oxide;
the core comprises the following raw materials: the soil conditioner comprises a network matrix, leuconostoc mesenteroides, propylene oxide, soil microbial powder, deacidification microspheres and water.
2. The acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the acid-reducing microspheres are porous particles, the raw materials of the acid-reducing microspheres comprise hydrogen peroxide, tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water, pores of the porous particles are filled with the wetted modified carbide slag, and the effective component of the modified carbide slag is calcium oxide;
preferably, the wetted modified carbide slag comprises modified carbide slag wetted with water.
3. The acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner of claim 2, wherein the porous particles are prepared by sequentially adding hydrogen peroxide, tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water in the following proportions: 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, 5 to 15 parts by weight, 50 to 65 parts by weight, 5 to 10 parts by weight.
4. The acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the shell comprise tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water in the following adding proportions in sequence: 5-10 parts by weight, 90-115 parts by weight and 5-15 parts by weight;
or in the raw materials of the inner core, the addition proportions of the network matrix, the leuconostoc mesenteroides, the propylene oxide, the soil microbial powder, the deacidification microspheres and the water are as follows in sequence: 160-180 parts, 5-10 parts, 3-7 parts, 10-30 parts and 20-40 parts.
5. The acid-reducing microbial soil amendment of claim 1, wherein the network-like substrate is fermented bagasse.
6. The acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the diameter of the acid-reducing microspheres is not more than 3mm, the diameter of the inner core is not more than 7mm, and the thickness of the outer shell is 2 to 4 mm.
7. The method for preparing a acidity reducing microbial soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) calcining the carbide slag to Ca (OH)2Converting into CaO to obtain modified carbide slag;
(2) adding tricalcium silicate and modified carbide slag into a mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and water, maintaining and crushing to obtain porous particles, mixing the porous particles and wet modified carbide slag, and stirring to fill the wet modified carbide slag in pores of the porous particles to obtain acid reducing microspheres;
(3) uniformly mixing sugar-making bagasse, leuconostoc mesenteroides, propylene oxide and water, fermenting, adding soil microbial powder for continuous fermentation after the fermentation is finished, and adding deacidification microspheres and water for granulation to obtain a kernel;
(4) mixing tricalcium silicate, modified carbide slag and water into slurry, wrapping the slurry on the surface of the core, and drying to obtain the deacidification microbial soil conditioner.
8. The preparation method of the acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the calcination temperature is 300-550 ℃, the calcination heat preservation time is 0.5-2 hours, and after the calcination is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and then ground to obtain modified carbide slag;
preferably, in the step (1), the carbide slag is dried for 1-3 hours at 100-120 ℃ before calcination.
9. A method for preparing a acidity reducing microbial soil conditioner according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the step (2), the curing conditions are as follows: curing for 10-18 hours at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ and the relative humidity of 40-60%;
or in the step (2), the wet modified carbide slag is formed by mixing 50-65 parts by weight of modified carbide slag and 5-10 parts by weight of water;
or; in the step (3), the fermentation conditions are as follows: fermenting for 24-48 hours at 65-85 ℃ and 40-60% of relative humidity; the conditions for continuing the fermentation are as follows: fermenting for 10-20 hours at 65-85 ℃ and 40-60% of relative humidity.
10. Use of the acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and/or the acid-reducing microbial soil conditioner prepared by the method of any one of claims 7 to 9 in the field of agricultural engineering and/or environmental engineering.
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