CN113491256A - Cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization - Google Patents
Cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization, which has the technical scheme key points that: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1; step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2; thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3; step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4; and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5. The cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization can obtain clear black spotted plum individual bodies with stable shapes, and the disease resistance of the black spotted turtle individual bodies is strong; the ecological characteristics of the utility model are characterized by large size, fast growth, ellipse shape, yellow-green back shell and the like; the web plate is light yellow, and 5-6 copper coin-shaped patterns are arranged on the web plate; the skirt is thick, and the meat is delicious and tasty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of turtle breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for Chinese turtle hybridization.
Background
Soft-shelled turtles, commonly known as soft-shelled turtles, water fishes, croakers, Wangbai and the like, oviparous reptiles live in amphibious life. The soft-shelled turtle meat has delicious taste and rich nutrition, and has the effects of clearing heat, nourishing yin, calming liver, calming wind, softening hardness and dissipating stagnation. Not only is a delicious food on a dining table, but also is a nourishing medicine and a traditional Chinese medicine material with wide application. The Chinese mainly comprises Chinese soft-shelled turtle, wattle-necked soft-shelled turtle, pelodiscus sinensis and soft-shelled turtle, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is the most common.
Reference can be made to the chinese patent with publication number CN105981684B, which discloses a production and cultivation method for preferentially growing soft-shelled turtles in the open air, the method comprises the stages of variety breeding, hatching eggs, young soft-shelled turtle cultivation, finished product production and the like, the production and cultivation method adopts the following method: (a) selecting local excellent Chinese soft-shelled turtle varieties in suitable growing watersheds of Chinese soft-shelled turtles in Yangtze river, yellow river, Yanghu and the like, and performing independent breeding and hybrid cultivation on the local excellent Chinese soft-shelled turtle varieties; (b) selecting the parent soft-shelled turtle cultured in the step (a) as the preferred wild long-shelled turtle parent under the conditions of good color and luster, high vitality, moderate growth, complete appearance without injury for more than eight years and the like of the soft-shelled turtle.
There are some disadvantages to this technique, such as: the black spotted grouper individuals cannot be cultivated, and the cultivated soft-shelled turtles have poor disease resistance and poor meat quality and taste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1;
step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2;
thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3;
step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4;
and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5.
Preferably, in the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle is hybridized with the wattle-necked softshell turtle, the male-female ratio in the parents is controlled to be 8: 1, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is female, and the wattle-shelled turtle is male.
Preferably, in the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, the male and female parents are fed with the red worms, the small mysidacea, the tubificidae and the chironomid larvae for one week and then are bred.
Preferably, when the F1 turtle eggs are obtained in the first step, intact fertilized eggs are selected, the animal ends of the intact fertilized eggs are placed upwards in an incubation tray, paper scraps with the thickness of 5cm are laid at the bottom of the incubation tray, a layer of paper scraps is covered after the eggs are placed, and then the eggs are sent into an incubation chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the incubation chamber is controlled to be 33 ℃, and the humidity is 80% -82%.
Preferably, in the second step, after F2 is hatched, the hatched chicken is placed in a culture pond, the culture pond is filled with a nutrient solution prepared by mixing and boiling dandelion, mint leaves, lithospermum and plantain, and the mass ratio of the nutrient solution to water is 1: 300.
preferably, the water temperature of the culture pond in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is 26-30 ℃, and oxygen is introduced into the water periodically.
Preferably, the male parent and the female parent in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are soft-shelled turtles with the body weight of more than 2Kg, no damage to the surfaces of the soft-shelled turtles, strong and bright skin and capability of rapidly turning over when the backs face to the ground.
Preferably, the area of the culture pond adopted in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is not less than 200 square meters, the water depth is between 0.6m and 0.8m, and the throwing ratio is 1 per square meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the cultivation and breeding method for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the wattle-necked soft-shelled turtle are hybridized to generate F1, a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character is selected from F1 and hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2, and then the clear black spotted soft-shelled turtle individual with stable shape can be obtained through one-time hybridization and two-time selfing, and the disease resistance of the black spotted soft-shelled turtle individual is strong; the ecological characteristics of the utility model are characterized by large size, fast growth, ellipse shape, yellow-green back shell and the like; the web plate is light yellow, and 5-6 copper coin-shaped patterns are arranged on the web plate; the skirt is thick, and the meat is delicious and tasty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides the following embodiments:
example 1
The cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1;
step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2;
thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3;
step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4;
and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, the male-female ratio in the parents is controlled to be 8: 1, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is female, and the wattle-shelled turtle is male.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, feeding male and female parents with the red worms, the small mysidae, the tubificidae and the chironomid larvae for one week and then performing parental breeding.
When the F1 turtle eggs are obtained in the first step, intact fertilized eggs are selected, the animal ends face upwards and are placed in an incubation tray, paper scraps with the thickness of 5cm are paved at the bottom of the incubation tray, a layer of paper scraps is covered after the eggs are placed, and then the eggs are sent into an incubation chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the incubation chamber is controlled to be 33 ℃ and the humidity is 80%.
In the second step, after F2 is hatched, the hatched chicken is placed in a culture pond, the culture pond is filled with a conservation solution prepared by mixing and boiling dandelion, mint leaves, lithospermum and plantain, and the mass ratio of the conservation solution to water is 1: 300.
wherein the water temperature of the culture pond in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is 26 ℃, and oxygen is introduced into the water periodically.
Wherein, the male parent and the female parent in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are all soft-shelled turtles with the body weight of more than 2Kg, no damage on the surface of the soft-shelled turtle, health and luster skin and rapid turnover when the back faces the ground.
Wherein the area of the culture pond adopted in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is not less than 200 square meters, the water depth is 0.6m, and the throwing ratio is 1 per square meter.
The breeding method for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the steps of hybridizing the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the wattle-necked soft-shelled turtle to generate F1, selecting a brown soft-shelled turtle individual from F1, hybridizing the brown soft-shelled turtle individual with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2, hybridizing the soft-shelled turtle individual once and selfing twice, obtaining a clear black spotted soft-shelled turtle individual with a stable shape, and having strong disease resistance; the ecological characteristics of the utility model are characterized by large size, fast growth, ellipse shape, yellow-green back shell and the like; the web plate is light yellow, and 5-6 copper coin-shaped patterns are arranged on the web plate; the skirt is thick, and the meat is delicious and tasty.
Example 2
The cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1;
step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2;
thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3;
step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4;
and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, the male-female ratio in the parents is controlled to be 8: 1, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is female, and the wattle-shelled turtle is male.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, feeding male and female parents with the red worms, the small mysidae, the tubificidae and the chironomid larvae for one week and then performing parental breeding.
When F1 turtle eggs are obtained in the first step, intact fertilized eggs are selected, the animal ends face upwards and are placed in an incubation tray, paper scraps with the thickness of 5cm are laid at the bottom of the incubation tray, a layer of paper scraps is covered after the eggs are placed, and then the eggs are sent into an incubation chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the incubation chamber is controlled to be 33 ℃ and the humidity is 82%.
In the second step, after F2 is hatched, the hatched chicken is placed in a culture pond, the culture pond is filled with a conservation solution prepared by mixing and boiling dandelion, mint leaves, lithospermum and plantain, and the mass ratio of the conservation solution to water is 1: 300.
wherein the water temperature of the culture pond in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is 30 ℃, and oxygen is introduced into the water periodically.
Wherein, the male parent and the female parent in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are all soft-shelled turtles with the body weight of more than 2Kg, no damage on the surface of the soft-shelled turtle, health and luster skin and rapid turnover when the back faces the ground.
Wherein the area of the culture pond adopted in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is not less than 200 square meters, the water depth is 0.8m, and the throwing ratio is 1 per square meter.
The breeding method for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the steps of hybridizing the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the wattle-necked soft-shelled turtle to generate F1, selecting a brown soft-shelled turtle individual from F1, hybridizing the brown soft-shelled turtle individual with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2, hybridizing the soft-shelled turtle individual once and selfing twice, obtaining a clear black spotted soft-shelled turtle individual with a stable shape, and having strong disease resistance; the ecological characteristics of the utility model are characterized by large size, fast growth, ellipse shape, yellow-green back shell and the like; the web plate is light yellow, and 5-6 copper coin-shaped patterns are arranged on the web plate; the skirt is thick, and the meat is delicious and tasty.
Example 3
The cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1;
step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2;
thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3;
step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4;
and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, the male-female ratio in the parents is controlled to be 8: 1, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is female, and the wattle-shelled turtle is male.
In the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, feeding male and female parents with the red worms, the small mysidae, the tubificidae and the chironomid larvae for one week and then performing parental breeding.
When the F1 turtle eggs are obtained in the first step, intact fertilized eggs are selected, the animal ends face upwards and are placed in an incubation tray, paper scraps with the thickness of 5cm are laid at the bottom of the incubation tray, a layer of paper scraps is covered after the eggs are placed, and then the eggs are sent into an incubation chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the incubation chamber is controlled to be 33 ℃ and the humidity is 81%.
In the second step, after F2 is hatched, the hatched chicken is placed in a culture pond, the culture pond is filled with a conservation solution prepared by mixing and boiling dandelion, mint leaves, lithospermum and plantain, and the mass ratio of the conservation solution to water is 1: 300.
wherein the water temperature of the culture pond in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is 28 ℃, and oxygen is introduced into the water periodically.
Wherein, the male parent and the female parent in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are all soft-shelled turtles with the body weight of more than 2Kg, no damage on the surface of the soft-shelled turtle, health and luster skin and rapid turnover when the back faces the ground.
Wherein the area of the culture pond adopted in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is not less than 200 square meters, the water depth is between 0.7m, and the throwing ratio is 1 per square meter.
The breeding method for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization comprises the steps of hybridizing the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the wattle-necked soft-shelled turtle to generate F1, selecting a brown soft-shelled turtle individual from F1, hybridizing the brown soft-shelled turtle individual with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2, hybridizing the soft-shelled turtle individual once and selfing twice, obtaining a clear black spotted soft-shelled turtle individual with a stable shape, and having strong disease resistance; the ecological characteristics of the utility model are characterized by large size, fast growth, ellipse shape, yellow-green back shell and the like; the web plate is light yellow, and 5-6 copper coin-shaped patterns are arranged on the web plate; the skirt is thick, and the meat is delicious and tasty.
The obtained Chinese soft-shelled turtle has strong overall disease resistance through long-term feeding. The Chinese softshell turtle has many diseases including virus diseases, bacterial diseases, mycosis, parasitic diseases and the like. The main harmful factors include septicemia, parotitis, furunculosis, etc.; the obtained sample has basically less septicemia, parotitis, furunculosis and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The cultivation and breeding method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting Chinese soft-shelled turtles and Chinese wattle-necked soft-shelled turtles to be hybridized to generate F1;
step two, selecting a soft-shelled turtle individual with brown character from F1 to be hybridized with the spotted soft-shelled turtle to generate F2;
thirdly, selecting individuals with brown characters from F2 to hybridize with Chinese soft-shelled turtles with brown characters to generate F3;
step four, selecting individuals with brown characters from F3 for selfing to generate F4;
and step five, selecting individuals with brown characters in F4 to continue selfing to generate F5.
2. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, the male-female ratio in the parents is controlled to be 8: 1, wherein the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is female, and the wattle-shelled turtle is male.
3. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, when the Chinese softshell turtle and the wattle-necked softshell turtle are hybridized, feeding male and female parents with the red worms, the small mysid, the tubificidae and the chironomid larvae for one week, and then performing parental breeding.
4. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: when F1 turtle eggs are obtained in the first step, intact fertilized eggs are selected, the animal ends are placed upwards in an incubation tray, paper scraps with the thickness of 5cm are laid at the bottom of the incubation tray, a layer of paper scraps is covered after the eggs are placed, and then the eggs are sent into an incubation chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the incubation chamber is controlled to be 33 ℃, and the humidity is 80% -82%.
5. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, after F2 is hatched, the hatched chicken is placed in a culture pond, the culture pond is filled with a conservation solution prepared by mixing and boiling dandelion, mint leaves, lithospermum and plantain, and the mass ratio of the conservation solution to water is 1: 300.
6. the cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water temperature of the culture pond in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is 26-30 ℃, and oxygen is introduced into the water periodically.
7. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the male parents and the female parents in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are all soft-shelled turtles with the body weight of more than 2Kg, no damage to the surfaces of the soft-shelled turtles, strong and shiny skin and rapid turnover when the backs face the ground.
8. The cultivation method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle hybridization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the area of the culture pond adopted in the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step is not less than 200 square meters, the water depth is between 0.6m and 0.8m, and the feeding ratio is 1 per square meter.
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