CN113480355B - Ion retaining agent, anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ion retaining agent, anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113480355B
CN113480355B CN202110710584.1A CN202110710584A CN113480355B CN 113480355 B CN113480355 B CN 113480355B CN 202110710584 A CN202110710584 A CN 202110710584A CN 113480355 B CN113480355 B CN 113480355B
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soluble fertilizer
parts
cracking
water
fertilizer
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CN113480355A (en
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向铁军
戴美玲
江涛
谭美
刘�文
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Hunan Gold Leaf Public Expectation Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23Solutions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

An ion retention agent consists of citric acid, cetyl pyridine bromide, polyasparagine and sodium lignosulphonate in the mass ratio of (1-2) to (1-3) to (2-3) to (3-5). An anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer comprises the ion retention agent. The preparation method of the anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: and adding urea, industrial monoammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, an ion retaining agent and composite chelated trace elements into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the water-soluble fertilizer for preventing fruit cracking. The citric acid, the polyaspartic acid and the sodium lignosulfonate in the ion retention agent interact with each other, and can complex Ca in the fertilizer 2+ 、Mg 2+ The fertilizer can effectively reduce the problem of antagonism among elements while increasing the activities of calcium and magnesium, is easy to absorb and effectively utilizes calcium nutrition in the growth process of crops, and can balance the growth of the crops without generating nutrient deficiency symptoms while effectively preventing fruit cracking of the crops.

Description

Ion retaining agent, anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an ion retention agent, an anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The citrus fruit cracking is caused by unbalanced growth between peel and pulp tissues, is a reaction of fruits to the uncoordinated internal and external growth of the fruits under the adverse condition, is a physiological disease problem commonly existing in the production of citrus, mainly occurs in the expanding growth period of the fruits, and generally has the fruit cracking rate of 10-20 percent and is up to 20-30 percent in severe cases. The fruit cracking can directly affect the yield and the quality of the oranges, and huge economic losses are caused to the production of the oranges. Calcium is an essential nutrient element for plants and plays an important role in the growth and development stages of the plants, for example, the calcium can form calcium pectate with acid to stabilize the structure of cell walls; calcium can link phospholipid molecules, and has the function of stabilizing cell membranes; most of intracellular calcium exists in vacuole, and the balance of anions and cations in vacuole has important contribution and osmotic regulation effect. Research shows that the high and low calcium content in the fruit determines the structural firmness of fruit cells and the stability of a membrane system and is closely related to the occurrence of fruit cracking. Nowadays, measures such as spraying of calcium fertilizer, reasonable shaping and trimming, yield control and the like are adopted for reducing the incidence rate of fruit cracking of crops, but the effect of reducing the fruit cracking rate due to higher technical level, difficult yield control and the like in actual production by other measures such as shaping and trimming, yield control and the like is not ideal; spraying the calcium fertilizer is relatively simple and easy to master, but the fertilizer application period, the fertilizer components and the proportion are strictly controlled to be effective. At present, many enterprises develop various calcium-containing fertilizers to reduce the fruit cracking rate, for example, patent publications CN111763117A, CN111480650a and CN110922252A, etc., which mix calcium with other components and spray the calcium on the foliage of plants, but these calcium-containing fertilizers have low inorganic nutrients and even do not contain major elements required by plants such as NPK, etc., and these fertilizers are mostly liquid fertilizers, and have high storage and transportation costs, and the salt content in the fertilizers is higher than that of solid fertilizers, and are easy to damage water fertilizer application equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background art and providing an ion retention agent, an anti-cracking fruit water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an ion retention agent consists of citric acid, cetyl pyridine bromide, polyasparagine and sodium lignosulphonate in the mass ratio of (1-2) to (1-3) to (2-3) to (3-5).
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides an anti-cracking fruit water soluble fertilizer, which comprises the ion retention agent.
Preferably, the anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphate, 40-50 parts of potassium nitrate, 5-10 parts of calcium nitrate, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of composite chelated trace elements and 0.3-1.5 parts of ion retention agent.
Due to the antagonistic action of crops on nutrient absorption, the traditional high-calcium formula fertilizer cannot ensure the effective absorption of calcium, and improper proportioning can also cause the absorption of nutrient elements of the crops, so that the crops have nutrient deficiency symptoms.
The anti-cracking fruit water-soluble fertilizer is preferably prepared by chelating ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid according to the mass ratio of (0.1-1): (0.1-0.5): 0.2-1): 0.5-2): 0.2-1): 0.1-1): 3-8.
The pH value of the anti-cracking fruit water soluble fertilizer is preferably 6.0-6.5.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid, adding into a reaction chelate reactor, stirring, heating for a chelation reaction, and obtaining a composite chelated trace element after the reaction is finished;
(2) And (2) adding urea, industrial monoammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, an ion retaining agent and the composite chelated trace elements prepared in the step (1) into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the water-soluble fertilizer for preventing fruit cracking.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (1), the chelating reaction temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the reaction time is 30-45min.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (2), the raw materials are crushed into small particles or powder by a crusher before being added into the mixer, and then are sieved by a 50-100 mesh sieve.
The application method of the anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer comprises the steps of diluting the anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer by water to 300-500 times, and applying the water soluble fertilizer as a flushing fertilizer or a foliar fertilizer, or diluting the water soluble fertilizer to 500-800 times and applying the water soluble fertilizer as a drip irrigation fertilizer.
The anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer is preferably applied to oranges.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The ion retention agent consists of citric acid, cetyl pyridine bromide, polyasparagine and sodium lignosulfonate, and the citric acid, the polyaspartic acid and the sodium lignosulfonate interact with each other to complex Ca in the fertilizer 2+ 、Mg 2+ The calcium and magnesium activities are increased, the problem of antagonism among elements is effectively reduced, calcium nutrition is easily absorbed and effectively utilized in the growth process of crops, the crops can be balanced in growth without generating an element deficiency symptom while fruit cracking is effectively prevented, the cetylpyridinium bromide can reduce the surface tension of liquid, a defoaming effect is achieved, the solution is clear, and the cetylpyridinium bromide can be used as a bactericide to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi.
(2) The ion retention agent is added with citric acid and sodium lignosulfonate, and after the citric acid and the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate in the water-soluble fertilizer are mixed, the pH value of the fertilizer can be effectively adjusted to be 6.0-6.5, so that the ion retention agent is more beneficial to the growth of oranges compared with other high-calcium water-soluble fertilizers on the market.
(3) The water-soluble fertilizer disclosed by the invention is stable in fertilizer effect, good in water solubility, contains various nutrient elements, is scientific in nutrient proportion, accords with the fertilizer requirement rule of citrus, and can be applied by adopting the modes of flushing application, drip irrigation and the like or used as a foliar fertilizer.
(4) The water solution of the water soluble fertilizer is clear and bright, and various nutrient elements exist in an ionic state or a chelated state, so that the water soluble fertilizer is beneficial to absorption and utilization of crops, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
the ion retention agent in the present embodiment is composed of citric acid, cetylpyridinium bromide, polyasparagine, and sodium lignosulfonate at a mass ratio of 1.
The citrus anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer in the embodiment is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 10 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphate, 40 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of composite chelated trace elements and 0.3 part of ion retention agent; the composite chelated trace elements are prepared from ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid in a mass ratio of 0.1.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing citrus fruits in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing: weighing the raw material components according to the proportion in the formula;
(2) Carrying out chelation reaction: adding ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid into a reaction chelate reactor, stirring fully, heating to 40 ℃ for chelation reaction, fully reacting for 38min to obtain chelated compound trace elements, metering and bagging for later use;
(3) Crushing and screening: respectively crushing the chelated composite trace elements prepared in the step (2) and other raw material components weighed in the step (1) into small particles or powder by a crusher, and sieving the small particles or powder by a 75-mesh sieve for later use;
(4) Mixing and stirring: and (4) adding the small particle sample or powder sample raw materials prepared in the step (3) into a fertilizer mixer, and mixing and stirring at room temperature for 2.5 minutes to uniformly mix the raw material components to obtain the water soluble fertilizer product for preventing fruit cracking of citrus.
The pH value of the citrus anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is 6.05.
Example 2:
the ion retention agent in the present example is composed of citric acid, cetylpyridinium bromide, polyasparagine, and sodium lignosulfonate at a mass ratio of 2.
The citrus anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer in the embodiment is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of urea, 20 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium nitrate, 10 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of composite chelated trace elements and 1.5 parts of ion retention agent; the composite chelated trace element is prepared by carrying out chelation reaction on ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid according to the mass ratio of 1.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing citrus from cracking in the embodiment has the same preparation steps as in embodiment 1.
The pH value of the citrus anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is 6.48.
Example 3:
the ion retention agent in the present embodiment is composed of citric acid, cetylpyridinium bromide, polyasparagine, and sodium lignosulfonate at a mass ratio of 1.5.
The citrus anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphate, 45 parts of potassium nitrate, 7.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 7.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3.5 parts of composite chelated trace element component and 0.9 part of ion retention agent; the composite chelated trace element is prepared by carrying out chelation reaction on ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid in a mass ratio of 0.55.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing citrus from cracking in the embodiment has the same preparation steps as in embodiment 1.
The pH value of the citrus anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is 6.27.
The application example is as follows:
1. the experimental site: the soil nutrient conditions of Xiudan lawn garden in Shimen county, changde city are as follows: pH is 4.3, organic matter is 20.7g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 86.7mg/kg, available phosphorus is 45.7mg/kg, quick-acting potassium is 131.7mg/kg, available calcium is 412.9mg/kg, and available magnesium is 173.2mg/kg.
2. Experimental materials: wenzhou mandarin orange.
3. Fertilization scheme
Test groups: the water soluble fertilizer (examples 1, 2 and 3) is diluted by 400 times respectively, and is sprayed on the leaves, wherein the spraying time is started after 10 days of the flowering of the citrus, and the spraying time is 3 times every 10 days.
Control CK1: the commercially available calcium-magnesium water soluble fertilizer (calcium is more than or equal to 180g/L, magnesium is more than or equal to 20g/L, nitrogen is more than or equal to 120g/L, pH = 5.0) is diluted 1000 times for foliage spraying, and the rest of the fertilizer is the same as the test group.
Control CK2: the water soluble fertilizer without the ion retaining agent in the embodiment 3 is diluted by 400 times and treated according to the same treatment method of the experimental group.
4. The statistics of the growth of the citrus are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of fruit cracking incidence for different treatment modalities
Figure BDA0003133576450000041
Figure BDA0003133576450000051
Note: CK1 is a calcium-magnesium water-soluble fertilizer purchased from the market; CK2 is the water soluble fertilizer without ion retention agent in example 3; t1 is the water soluble fertilizer treatment of example 1, T2 is the water soluble fertilizer treatment of example 2, and T3 is the water soluble fertilizer treatment of example 3, the same as below.
As can be seen from table 1, the test group to which the water-soluble fertilizer for citrus fruit cracking prevention of the present invention is applied has a significantly reduced fruit cracking number compared with the control group, the fruit cracking rate of T3 treatment in the test group is the lowest, only 1.46%, the next is 1.53% of T2 treatment, and the highest is 1.80% of T1 treatment, and T1, T2 and T3 treatment in the test group are respectively reduced by 57.04%, 63.48% and 65.16% compared with CK1, and are respectively reduced by 39.80%, 48.83% and 51.17% compared with CK 2. The ion retention agent provided by the invention can effectively improve the absorption and utilization of calcium by plants, and the incidence rate of citrus fruit cracking can be effectively reduced by spraying the water-soluble fertilizer during the growth period of citrus.
The citrus fruit yield and quality results for each treatment are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Citrus yield and quality results table for different treatment methods
Figure BDA0003133576450000052
As can be seen from Table 2, the weight of each processed single fruit in the test group is obviously higher than that of the control group, so that the yield of the citrus can be effectively improved; the quality indexes of soluble solid, acid content, solid-acid ratio, vc content and the like of each treatment of the test group are improved to a certain extent compared with those of a control group, which shows that the citrus anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer can obviously improve the quality of citrus and increase the yield of citrus.
Therefore, after the water-soluble fertilizer for preventing citrus fruit cracking is sprayed, the citrus fruit cracking rate can be effectively reduced, the obvious promotion effect on the yield and the quality of citrus fruits is realized, the quality of the citrus fruits can be improved, the yield of the citrus fruits can be improved, and the income of citrus farmers can be increased.

Claims (4)

1. The anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of industrial monoammonium phosphate, 40-50 parts of potassium nitrate, 5-10 parts of calcium nitrate, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of composite chelated trace elements and 0.3-1.5 parts of ion retaining agents, wherein the ion retaining agents comprise citric acid, cetyl pyridine bromide, polyasparagine and sodium lignosulfonate in the mass ratio of (1-2) to (1-3) to (3-5), the composite chelated trace elements comprise ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, octahydrous manganese sulfate, sodium borate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid in the mass ratio of (0.1-1) to (0.1-0.5) to (0.2-1) to (0.1-1) to (3-8), and the pH value of the water-soluble fertilizer for preventing fruit cracking is 6.0-6.5.
2. The preparation method of the anti-cracking water soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, EDTA-Zn, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and amino acid, adding into a reaction chelate reactor, stirring, heating for a chelation reaction, and obtaining a composite chelated trace element after the reaction is finished;
(2) And (2) adding urea, industrial monoammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, an ion retaining agent and the composite chelated trace elements prepared in the step (1) into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the water-soluble fertilizer for preventing fruit cracking.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the temperature of the chelation reaction is 30 to 50 ℃ and the reaction time is 30 to 45min.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the raw materials are pulverized into small particles or powder by a pulverizer before being added into the mixer-blender, and then are sieved with a 50-100 mesh sieve.
CN202110710584.1A 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Ion retaining agent, anti-cracking water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof Active CN113480355B (en)

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CN102659481A (en) * 2012-05-30 2012-09-12 广西新方向化学工业有限公司 Novel efficient ion retaining agent and preparation method thereof
CN104761370A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-07-08 重庆市联普农业发展股份有限公司 Fruit cracking prevention liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105660642B (en) * 2016-03-30 2019-02-12 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Anticracking antistaling agent and the preparation method and application thereof before a kind of lichee is adopted
CN106577101A (en) * 2016-11-11 2017-04-26 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 Fruit-cracking-resistance method for citrus gonggan
CN107434745A (en) * 2017-09-07 2017-12-05 安徽辉隆集团五禾生态肥业有限公司 A kind of water-soluble fertilizer for preventing Cracking Fruit and preparation method thereof
CN109988005A (en) * 2017-12-30 2019-07-09 河北方舟农业科技股份有限公司 A kind of efficiently swollen fruit Water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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